PICTORIAL ATLAS O F ACUPUNCTURE - Ullmannmedien

Yu-Lin Lian, Chun-Yan Chen, Michael Hammes, Bernard C. KolsterPICTORIAL ATLAS OF ACUPUNCTUREAn illustrated manual of acupuncture pointsEdited by Hans P. Ogal and Wolfram Störwith a preface byProf. Dr. Dr. Thomas Ots

Basic Principles: Measurements1The Basic Principles1.1 Acupuncture MeasurementsIn acupuncture the body is measured not in absolute units,but in the relative, proportional units of a given patient. Thedistances are determined by anatomical-topographicallandmarks. The basic unit of measurement in Chineseacupuncture is the cun.Finger measurementsMiddle finger measurementThe finger measurements are obtained from themeasurements of the thumb and fingers of a patient. Thewidth of the index and middle fingers at the level of theinterphalangeal joint is 1.5 cun.When the tip of the middle finger is placed on the tip of a(moderately stretched) thumb, the distance between thecreases of the two interphalangeal joints of the middlefinger is also 1 cun.1 cun1.5 cunThumb measurementCross finger measurementThe width of the thumb at the level of the interphalagealjoint is 1 cun.The width of the four fingers held together (at the level ofthe proximal interphalangeal joint of the longer fingers)is 3 cun.1 cun3 cun11

Basic Principles: Techniques1.2 Acupuncture TechniquesPositioning the patientSuccessful acupuncture treatment requires the comfortableand relaxed positioning of the patient. Appropriatepositioning can in most cases prevent collapsed needlingand any resulting complications. The patient is usuallytreated lying on his back or stomach but also on his sidewhen the needling of specific points (for examplelumboischialgia) is required. When needling affects thestomach or back, the patient is repositioned once theappropriate needling has been performed.Needling using nail pressureModerate pressure is exerted with the nail of the thumb orindex finger into the intended needling point. Needlingtakes place against the nail, which helps to guide the needleand fix the acupuncture point. This technique may reduceneedling pain and is useful in muscles where tissue is notparticularly flexible.Needling techniquesAny needling is preceded by the appropriate disinfection ofthe skin.Basic gripThe grip of the needle is secured between the thumb andindex finger of the needling hand. The tip of the middlefinger supports the needle and assists in insertion. Thesecond hand can either secure the needling area or helpin insertion.Insertion with a guiding handNeedling in taut skinThe thumb and index finger or thumb and middle finger ofthe guiding hand tighten or stretch the main areasurrounding the acupuncture point. This techniquefacilitates needling, in particular where a point is locatedin soft tissue – such as in the abdominal region.14The needling of deeper points requires the use of longerneedles. In order to prevent deviation from the direction ofinsertion or needle bending, the second hand is used toguide the needle. Here, the needle shaft is secured betweentwo sterile swabs. This technique is applied in points locateddeep inside the muscle (for example GB 30).

Acupuncture Points of the Principal Channels – the Bladder Channel (Bl)Bl 16 Du ShuGovernor ShuL:at the level of the depression inferior to the spinousprocess Th6, 1.5 cun lateral to the dorsal midlineT:0.5–0.8 cun oblique medially;moxibustion1,5P:unbinds the chest and alleviates pain, regulates Qiand eliminates tensionA:1. pectoral angina2. stomach pains, abdominal painPec: CAUTION, AVOID PNEUMOTHORAX!Bl 17 Ge ShuDiaphragm ShuL:at the level of the depression inferior to the spinousprocess Th7, 1.5 cun lateral to the dorsal midlineT:0.5–0.8 cun oblique medially; moxibustionP:replenishes and soothes the blood, unbinds thechest and alleviates pain, descend inverted QiBlA:1,51. anemia2. stopping the bleeding from superior orificese.g. epistaxis, coughing or spitting blood3. bronchial asthma, spastic bronchitis4. hiccupsPec: meeting (master) point (Hui) of the bloodCAUTION, AVOID PNEUMOTHORAX!Bl 18 Gan ShuLiver ShuL:at the level of the depression inferior to the spinousprocess Th9, 1.5 cun lateral to the dorsal midlineT:0.5–0.8 cun oblique medially; moxibustionP:decongests the liver and benefits bile, promotesall-round calmness and releases crampA:1. certain liver and gall bladder dysfunctionse.g. hepatitis, cholecystitis2. psychic and psychosomatic dysfunctionse.g. epilepsy3. diseases of the eye e.g. glaucoma, nightblindness, diseases of the eye nerve1,5Pec: back-Shu-point of the liverCAUTION, AVOID PNEUMOTHORAX!L: Location134T: Insertion TechniqueP: PropertiesA: Clinical ApplicationsPec: Peculiarities

Acupuncture Points of the Principal Channels – the Kidney Channel (Ki)2.2.8The kidney channel (Ki)Synonyms The kidney-meridian The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney ChannelChannel pathwayThere are 27 acupuncture points on the surface pathway ofthe kidney channel.The surface pathway of the channel originates at theunderside of the little toe and ascends to point Ki 1 on thesole of the foot. From here, the channel traverses the archof the foot to the navicular bone and the region inferior tothe bone on the instep of the foot. The channel thenperforms a loop, which reaches under the inner bone andascends again to the posterior part of the inner side of thelower leg in front of the Achilles tendon. However, pointKi 8 is located at the posterior border of the tibia, distal topoint Sp 6, which is also traversed by the kidney channel.The channel then continues to ascend the leg to the medialside of the popliteal fossa and traverses the posterior aspectof the inner thigh to the region of the pubic symphisis.The inner pathway of the channel begins at point Ki 11,ascending over the spine before branching off to connectwith its organ, the kidney, and connecting with the bladder.Another branch runs from the kidney via the liver andKi170diaphragm to the lung, where it connects with the heartand where other branches in the centre of the chest lead tothe pericardium channel. From the lung the channelascends lateral to the larynx and pharynx to terminate atthe root of the tongue.The surface pathway ascends from the pubic symphisis tothe lower and upper abdomen, where the channel runsstrictly parallel to the midline. It then traverses the chestalongside the midline at a slightly greater distance from themidline to the angle at the chest and clavicle joint. Fromabout point Ki 25 a branch runs to the heart and lungs.

Acupuncture Points of the Principal Channels – the Gall Bladder Channel (GB)GB 37 Guang MingBright LightL:5 cun proximal to the maximum prominence of thelateral malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibulaT:1–1.5 cun perpendicular;moxibustionP:clears the liver and sharpens eyesight, eliminatessensation of tension and alleviates painA:1. certain diseases of the eye, e.g. ceratitis,glaucoma, night blindness2. sense of tension and pain in the breast in the earlystage of mastitis5Pec: connecting point (Luo)GB 38 Yang FuYang AssistanceL:4 cun proximal to the maximum prominence of thelateral malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibulaT:1–1.5 cun perpendicular;moxibustionP:expels wind and clears heat, decongests andactivates the channel and its vesselsA:1. one-sided headache2. pains in the lateral thorax, flank, and the lowerextremity3. one-sided paralysis in cerebro-vascular disease4Pec: Jing (river) point (4th Shu-point)GBGB 39 Xuan ZhongSuspended BellL:3 cun proximal to the maximum prominence of thelateral malleolus on the anterior border of the fibulaT:1–1.5 cun perpendicular;moxibustionP:decongests and activates the channel and its vesselsA:1. one-sided paralysis in cerebro-vascular diseases2. disorders of the cervical-spinal column3. pains and loss of strength in the lower leg3Pec: meeting (master) point (Hui) of the marrowL: Location242T: Insertion TechniqueP: PropertiesA: Clinical ApplicationsPec: Peculiarities

Acupuncture Points of the Principal Channels – the Liver Channel (Lv)Lv 1 Da DunBig MoundL:0.1 cun proximal to and lateral to the base andcorner of the nail of the big toeT:0.1–0.2 cun oblique; prick to bleed;moxibustionP:decongests the liver and regulates Qi, regulatesmenstruation and promotes urinationA:1. external abdominal hernias2. anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding3. diseases of the bladder, e.g. urinary retention,urinary incontinence, infections of the urinarytract (restores balance)Pec: Jing (well) point (1st Shu-point)Lv 2 Xing JianMoving BetweenL:between the first and second metatarso-phalangealjoints, at the border of the interdigital skin betweenthe first and second toe, at the dividing line betweenred and white fleshT:0.5–0.8 cun oblique; moxibustionP: soothes the liver and expels wind, regulatesmenstruation and promotes urinationA: 1. hypertension2. certain gynecological disorders, e.g. anovulatorydysfunctional uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhoea,amenorrhoea3. diseases of the bladder, urinary incontinence4. cerebro-vascular diseases, apoplexyPec: Xing (spring) point (2nd Shu-point)Lv 3 Tai ChongGreat RushingL:on the dorsum of the foot, in the depression distal tothe proximal corner between the first and secondmetatarsal bonesT:0.5–0.8 cun perpendicular; moxibustionP: soothes the liver and expels wind, decongests theliver and regulates Qi, strengthens the spleen, andtransforms dampnessA: 1. hypertension2. irregular menstruation3. urinary incontinence, urinary retention4. psychic and psychosomatic disorders, epileptic fits5. pain and restricted movement in the lowerextremity and the footPec: Shu (stream) point (3rd Shu-point), Qi-source-point(Yuan)LvL: Location250T: Insertion TechniqueP: PropertiesA: Clinical ApplicationsPec: Peculiarities

Channels and Points – Extraordinary Points on the Head and Neck (Ex-HN)Ex-HN 10 Ju QuanEx-HnGathering SourceL:at the midpoint on the dorsal midline of the tongueT:0.1–0.2 cun perpendicularP:clears heat and promotes body fluids, alleviatescoughing and breathing difficultyA:1. diabetes mellitus2. paralysis of the tongue3. bronchial asthma, bronchitisEx-HN 11 Hai QuanSea SourceL:at the midpoint of the frenulum of the tongueT:prick to bleed onlyP:promotes body fluids, alleviates thirst, clears heat,and reduces edemaA:1. diabetes mellitus2. acute inflammation of the mouthEX-HN 12 Jin JinGolden FluidL:on the vein of the inferior side of the tongue, to theleft of the frenulumT:prick to bleed onlyP:clears heat and reduces edema, opens the sensesand eliminates mutenessA:1. acute inflammations of the mouth cavity,e.g. stomatitis aphthosa2. motor aphasia3. acute tonsillitisL: Location308T: Insertion TechniqueP: PropertiesA: Clinical ApplicationsPec: Peculiarities

AppendicesNomenclature344Term used in this atlasChinese nameAlternative synonymous termsBack-Shu-PointBei Shu Xue Applause Point Back (Shu) Transport Point Concordance Point Dorsal Segment Point Influence Point in the Back Yu-PointChannelJing MeridianCleft PointXi Xue Acute Point Border PointConfluent PointBa Mai Jiao Hui Xue Cardinal Point Connecting Point Opening Point Reunion Point Tuning PointConnecting Point (Luo)Luo Xue Crossing Point Passage PointDampnessShi Cold-DampnessDu MaiDu Mai The Channel The Governing Vessel The VesselEmptinessXu Energy Deficiency Underfunctioning WeaknessExtraordinary VesselsQi Jing Ba Mai Extraordinary Meridians Unpaired Channels Unusual Meridians Wonder MeridiansExtraordinary PointsJing Wai Qi Xue Extra Points New Points (NP) Points outside the Meridians