Towards Sustainable Energy : Carbon Capture, Utilization .
Towards Sustainable Energy :Carbon Capture, Utilization and StorageAh-Hyung Alissa ParkDepartments of Earth and Environmental Engineering & Chemical EngineeringLenfest Center for Sustainable EnergyColumbia UniversityNSF RCN-CCUS Annual MeetingApril 16th, 2014
Towards Sustainable Energy and EnvironmentUse domestic energysources to achieve energyindependence withenvironmental sustainabilityRecycled CO2CarbonWind thanolDMESynthesisSolarGasolineGasDieselFossilJet FuelBiomassUse carbonneutral ate carbon capture, utilizationand storage (CCUS) technologies intothe energy conversion systemsStored CO2HeatFossil fuels are fungible
Carbon Capture From diffuse sources From concentrated sources– Physical and chemical absorption and adsorption,Cryogenic separation, membrane separation,reaction-based sorbent injection– Oxyfuel combustion– Integrated Carbon Capture Technologies: ZECA,HyPr-Ring process, ALSTOM process, GE fuelflexible process, Calcium looping process, Coal-directchemical looping reforming process and Syngasredox process, Membrane process, etc
Collecting CO2 with Synthetic TreesFrom Technology Validation to Market-Flexible Productsto Scalable Global SolutionsGRT Pre-Prototype AirCapture Modules - 2007Current GRTDevelopmentMass-Manufactured AirCapture Units*K.Courtesy GRT*S. Lackner is a member of GRT
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Technologies (CCUS) Required characteristics for CCSUtilizationCaptureStorage Capacity and economic feasibility Environmental benign fate Long term stabilityCarbon Capture Technologies MEA Challenges(NETL, 2010)(NETL, 2011) Corrosion and solvent degradation High capital and operating costs High parasitic energy penalty
Novel CO2 Capture MaterialsSong at Penn StateGiannelis at Cornell and Park at Columbia
Solid Sorbents & Chemical Looping TechnologiesCarbonation / Calcination cycleOxidation / Reduction cycleWater-Gas Shift:CO H2O H2 CO2Micro- vs. MesoporesMO CO2 MCO3MO CO M CO2MCO3 MO CO2M H2O MO H2KIER’s 100kW CLCsystem (2006-2011)e.g., ZECA processe.g., Chemical Looping process for H2 production(Los Alamos National Lab)(Ohio State Univ.: U.S. Patent No. 11/010,648 (2004))
Novel CO2 Capture Solvents (NETL and ARPA-E funded projects) Ionic liquids Carbonic Anhydrase (Enzyme) CO2BOLs Phase changing absorbents Liquid-like Nanoparticle Organic Hybrid Materials
Nanoparticle Organic Hybrid Materials (NOHMs) Solvent-freesystemsliquid-likehybrid Solventcores Zero-vapor pressure and improvedthermal stabilitytetheredtonanoparticle Tunable chemical and physicalproperties Liquid, solid, gel Solvation in NOHMs driven by bothentropic and enthalpic interactions Straightforward synthesis Easy to scale up
ViscosityEffect of core size Introduction of nanoparticles increases the viscosity of the system
CO2 ion
Carbonation of Industrial Wastes
Carbon MineralizationBelvidere Mountain, VermontSerpentine TailingsBasaltLabradoriteMagnesium-based Ultramafic Rocks(Serpentine, Olivine)Mineral Carbonation of PeridotitePhoto by Dr. Jürg Matter at LDEO (2008)
Chemical and Biological Catalytic Enhancement of Weathering ofSilicate Minerals as Novel Carbon Capture and Storage TechnologyIndustrialCO2 sourcesFlue gasChemical catalystMg and Si-targetingChelating agentsSerpentineDissolution reactorMg3Si2O5(OH)4 6H 3Mg2 2Si(OH)4 H2OBubble columnreactor with CACO2(g) H2O H2CO3H2CO3 H HCO3HCO3- H CO32-CO32-(aq)Carbonation reactorMineL/S separatorun-dissolvedmineralsMg2 (aq)Bio-catalystMake-upCarbonicanhydrase (CA)Mg2 CO32- MgCO3RecycledprocesswaterL/S separatorsilicaMgCO3Disposal (mine reclamation)Value-added products(e.g., paper fillers, construction materials)
Chemical and Biological Catalytic Enhancement of Weathering ofSilicate Minerals as Novel Carbon Capture and Storage TechnologyWhy Combine Captureand Storage? Benefits Converts carbon intothermodynamically stable solidOnsite at fossil-fuel power plantFlexible feedstock (e.g. steel slag,fly ash, waste cement)Flue GasNo compressionNo gas-phase storageNo long-term monitoringValue added products umDissolutionHydration Biocatalyst Mineral Dissolution Enhanced dissolution of magnesium fromminerals and waste using chemical catalysts Enhanced conversion: 85% in 30 minutes Compared to 9% in literature Amendable to many alkaline silicateminerals and alkaline industrial waste High surfacearea silicaMg-bearing MineralEnhances adsorption andhydration rate of carbon dioxideWhole cell biocatalyst vs.dissolved enzyme Low cost, no purification Thermal stability Facilitates separationCarbonatePaper filler
Scale of the ProblemCombustion System – Lime Spray Dryerhttp://www.xcelenergy.com
Current Challenges? Opportunities? Lower parasitic energy consumption (heat integration) Reduce the compression cost Viscosity issues for anhydrous solvents Moisture effect Multi-pollutant control Water requirement? Combined CO2 capture and conversion etc
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage . Towards Sustainable Energy and Environment Gas Synthesis Refining Methanol Use domestic energy sources to achieve energy independence with environmental sustainability Use carbon neutral energy sources Integrate carbon capture, utilization . hydration rate of carbon dioxide Whole cell biocatalyst .
HowtoImplement Embedded Packet Capture Managing Packet DataCapture SUMMARYSTEPS 1. enable 2. monitor capture capture-name access-list access-list-name 3. monitor capture capture-name limit duration seconds 4. monitor capture capture-name interface interface-name both 5. monitor capture capture-name buffer circular size bytes .
2. monitor capture capture-name access-list access-list-name 3. monitor capture capture-name limit duration seconds 4. monitor capture capture-name interface interface-name both 5. monitor capture capture-name buffer circular size bytes EmbeddedPacketCaptureOverview 4 EmbeddedPacketCaptureOverview PacketDataCapture
Device# monitor capture mycap start *Aug 20 11:02:21.983: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point mycap enabled.on Device# show monitor capture mycap parameter monitor capture mycap interface capwap 0 in monitor capture mycap interface capwap 0 out monitor capture mycap file location flash:mycap.pcap buffer-size 1 Device# Device# show monitor capture mycap
r1#no monitor capture buffer MYCAPTUREBUFFER Capture Buffer deleted r1#show monitor capture buffer MYCAPTUREBUFFER parameters Capture Buffer MYCAPTUREBUFFER does not exist r1#no monitor capture point ip cef INTERNALLAN fa0/1 *Jun 21 00:07:25.471: %BUFCAP-6-DELETE: Capture Point INTERNALLAN deleted. r1#show monitor capture point INTERNALLAN
Sample Capture Session switch1(config)#monitor session 3 type capture switch1(config-mon-capture)#buffer-size 65535 switch1(config-mon-capture)#source interface gi4/15 both switch1#sh monitor capture Capture instance [1] : Capture Session ID : 3 Session status : up rate-limit value : 10000 redirect index : 0x809 buffer-size : 2097152
Robin.Smale@vivideconomics.com t: 44 (0)844 8000 254 Alex.Kazaglis@vivideconomics.com t: 44 (0)7982912854 Element Energy is a leading low carbon energy consultancy working in a range of sectors including carbon capture and storage, low carbon transport, low carbon buildings, renewable power generation, energy networks, and energy storage.
Power Plant Carbon Capture with CHEMCAD rev. 031109 Engineering advanced Power Plant Carbon Capture with CHEMCAD rev. 021220 Chemstations, Inc. www.chemstations.com 1.800.CHEMCAD Page 2 Pre -combustion Carbon Capture In pre-combustion CC, the fuel will be either natural gas or gasified hydrocarbon feedstock. If natural gas, it is converted into
Korean language textbooks and language teaching in terms of Korean honorifics. They have pointed out several problems in current teaching materials and emphasized the importance of pragmatic factors and the necessity of authentic data to fully reflect actual Korean honorific uses. Addressing these issues, the thesis demonstrates the need for teaching materials that introduce how honorific .
