Design Process - Suranaree University Of Technology
Reinforced Concrete DesignLecture 2 -Specification, Loads andDesign Methods Structural Design Process Building Codes Working Stress Design Strength Design Method Dead Load & Live Load Load Transfer in StructureMongkol JIRAVACHARADETSURANAREEINSTITUTE OF ENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGYSCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGDesign ProcessArchitecturalFunctional PlansFinal Design& DetailingSelect StructuralSystemOKTrial Sections,Assume SelfweightAnalysis for internalforces in memberRedesignAcceptable?NGDesign LoopMember Design
SpecificationsDeveloped by organizations such as AISC, ACIASCE, and EITRecommendations of good practice based onthe accepted body of knowledgeNOT legally enforceableOrganizationsEIT Engineering Institute of ThailandASCE American Society of Civil EngineersAASHTO American Association of State Highwayand Transportation OfficialsUBC Uniform Building CodeBOCA Building Officials & Code AdministratorsACI American Concrete Institute
Building Codes ก ก Minimum requirements to protect the public- . . . 2522- "" #ก - % "" #Design LoadsDead Loads - stationary loads of constantmagnitudeLive Loads - moving loads or loads that varyin magnitude
& ก ก (Dead Load)Caused by the weight of structureInclude both the load bearing and non-loadbearing elements in a structureGenerally can be estimated with reasonablecertainty & ก / ก0 / 12 ก ก ก ก ก !"ก # % & ' ก ( , * ก ก!""# "% ก!""# ( )" 60100-200
Load from Precast Concrete SlabFloor load w kg/sq.mSTributary area 0.5SL sq.mLoad on beam 0.5wSL kg/mLExample: CPAC Hollow Core Slab HC100100 mm600 mmSLAB WEIGHT296KG/M2PC WIRE6 4MM.SPAN4M.LIVE LOAD300KG/M2w ? kg/mL : Beam span4m
& ก ก3 (Live Load)Floor LoadsSnow and Ice: 50 - 200 kg/sq.m.Traffic Load & Pedestrian Load for BridgesImpact LoadsLateral Loads: Wind & Earthquake & ก ก 3 6& ก ก 6 ( . . 2527) . . . . . 2522 !" # " %& (1) '#" (#)* '#ก (kg/m2)30(2) ก ก 100(3) ก ! "#150(4) %&" 'ก%&" () ก ) ก % # % * , - ., 200(5) ! ก 2500 (6) (ก) 2-) 3 4" , %&" 'ก%&" () ก 2-) 3# "- "- % * (,) & )4 - , ) ก % # ! ก % *0 300300
& ก ก 3 6& ( 0 )ก ก 6 ( . . 2527) . . . . . 2522'#" (#)* '#ก (kg/m2) !" # " %& (7) (ก) - 7 *) # # 8 7 *) # 4 ( # # 9 ก: & 3 9 ก 3(,) & )4 - , 2-) 3 # "- "- % * (8) (ก) - ก - -08 2 3 9 3 ก # -# 3 ก: ก % * (,) & )4 - , - 7 *) # 7 *) # # 8 # % * # (9) ก: , # # 400(10) 9 ก: & ก 7 4800500500500600Wind Loads ก * ก 0 ! 1 ' 23103(ก * # 4 3# ก53ก 65 q 0 .5 ρ V2ASCE 7-98q 0.00483 K V 2 7 q stagnation pressure 3# (กก./ .2)V basic wind speed 8 7)#9 # 3 !: 10 (ก ./ .)K ก ?!* ' !: 7# " ก 10
. . . . . 2522WIND DIRECTION'#" ( (กก./ . .) ก"4 1010 h 2020 h 40# กก"4 40508012016030 mLeeward side !: ( )20 mWindwardsideStep wind loading10 m0m 19 ก ก ก ก! "# " ก %ก& " ก '( ' ' (' " ! ' " () ก ก (1) ' '/0 (2) 7 '& ก ' '/0 (3) '& ก ' '/0 ก ก ก 000(4) '& ก ' '/0 (5) '& ก ' '/0 (6) '& ก ' '/0 102030(7) ก '& ก ' '/0 (8) &#' '& ก ' '/0 " 4050 8 ) % ) % %' %' 8989:; & 9 %" ก & ' ก# " &ก " 9' ก %ก& "# " %ก
aci 318Building Code Requirements forStructural Concrete (ACI318-XX)and Commentary (ACI318R-XX)Early 1900s: WSD was mainly used.ACI 318-56: USD was first introduced.ACI 318-63: Treated WSD and USD on equal basis.ACI 318-71: Based entirely on strength approach (USD)WSD was small part called Alternate DesignMethod (ADM).ACI 318-77: ADM moved to Appendix AUSD was called Strength Design Method.aci 318Building Code Requirements forStructural Concrete (ACI318-XX)and Commentary (ACI318R-XX)ACI 318-83: ADM moved to Appendix BACI 318-89: ADM back to Appendix AACI 318-95: Unified Design was introduced in Appendix BACI 318-99: Limit State at Failure Approach was introducedACI 318-02: Change load factor to 1.2DL 1.6LLACI 318-05ACI 318-08
Reinforced ConcreteDesign MethodsWorking Stress Design(WSD)Ultimate Strength Design(USD)Limit State Design(LSD)Performance-based Design(PBD)#7 0 8 (Working Stress Design : WSD)ACI: Alternate Design Method- Design under service load condition- Apply F.S. to strength of materials forallowable stress level FaStress fromservice loadConcrete:Allowable stressFaFa 0.45f’c (ACI and " .), 0.375 f’c ( . . .Steel:Fa 0.50Fy" # 2522)
Disadvantages of WSD:- Not account for the variability of the resistancesand loads- Lack of any knowledge of the level of saftyF.S. is not known explicitly- Inability to deal with groups of loads where one loadincreases at a rate different from that of the others.#7ก (Strength Design Method : SDM) #* ก, - . Ultimate Stress Design (USD)- Factored load condition Structure is about to fail(Ultimate load /, ก( กDesign Strength - . )Required Strength (U)- Apply F.S. in design via:- Load factors ( 1.0)- Strength reduction factors ( 1.0)
Load FactorsRequired Strength (U) Load Factors Service load Factored Load ก ก Dead Load Factor 1.4Live Load Factor 1.7Factored Load 1.4 DL 1.7 LLService Load DL LLFactored Load CombinationsGeneral:U 1.4 DL 1.7 LLWind Load:U 0.75(1.4 DL 1.7 LL 1.7W)U 1.05DL 1.275WLateral Earth Pressure:U 1.4 DL 1.7 LL 1.7HU 0.9DL 1.7H
Strength Reduction FactorsNominal Strength (N) Strength of a member calculated usingStrength Design Method.Strength Reduction Factor factor that account for(1) Variations in material strengths and dimensions(2) Inaccuracies in the design equations(3) Degree of ductility and required reliability of member(4) Importance of member in the structureStrength reduction factor (φφ) :Bendingφ 0.90Shear and Torsionφ 0.85Compressionφ 0.70 or 0.75Load Transfer in StructureSnow, Rain, Windand Construction loadFloor loadsRoof Dead loadSlab Dead loadBeam Dead loadWind loadEarthquakeColumn Dead loadSoilFoundationWall load
ACI 318-95: Unified Design was introduced in Appendix B ACI 318-05 ACI 318-83: ADM moved to Appendix B ACI 318-89: ADM back to Appendix A ACI 318-99: Limit State at Failure Approach was introduced aci318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI318-XX) and Commentary (ACI318R-XX) ACI 318-02: Cha
Psychrometric chart A psychometric chart is a method to represent psychrometric process that is a thermodynamic process in mixture of air and vapor. In a psychrometric chart, relations among thermodynamic properties can easily to determine. A typical psychrometric chart of 1 atm pressure is provided at Figure 4. Figure 4.
coefficient of discharge for orifice . Experiment Design To achieve the objectives, the experiment is designed to have 2 main parts. These parts are calibration process and measurement using
1.2 MWh ESS, Renewable optimization and Zero-import building Blockchain P2P energy trading, EV chargers and Artificial Intelligence SMART ENERGY MANAGEMENT 6 MW Smart Energy Project at Suranaree University To create a low carbon university 1.74 MW Solar Rooftop 4.312 MW Floating Solar 100-200 kWh Lithium-ion BESS AI & Smart Energy Platform
The Engineering Design Process MET 352 January 16, 2019. The Engineering Design Process What is design? . Scientific Method vs Design Method. The Design Process Three Major Phases 1. Conceptual Design 2. Embodiment Design 3. Detailed Design Others 4. Planning for Manufacture 5. Planning for
The New Hilux / Kijang Innova uses D-4D 2nd generation common-rail Diesel engines that are 3.0-liter, 1KD-FTV engine and 2.5-l\൩ter, 2KD-FTV engine.\爀屮D-4D means Direct Injection 4-stroke common-rail Diesel and the newer designed common-rail is called “D-對4D 2nd Generation common-rail”\爀屮This is a combination of Direct injection .
A Measure of strong EFL Public /strong Speaking Class Anxiety: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation and Reliability Kriangkrai Yaikhong1 & Siriluck Usaha1 1 School of Foreign Languages, Institute of Social Tec hnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand /p div class "b_factrow b_twofr" div class "b_vlist2col" ul li div strong File Size: /strong 427KB /div /li /ul ul li div strong Page Count: /strong 13 /div /li /ul /div /div /div
Non-Destructive Testing Suranaree University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Teetut Dolwichai. 2 �าย (Non-Destructive Testing) . Introduction to
This, too, is still basic to conventional literary criticism and is also open to seriou objection. De Wette in 1805 assigned Deuteronomy to the time of Josiah, such that pentateuchal matter considered dependent on Deuteronomy would be still later than it; 160 years later this is still commonly held, despite opposition. In the first half of the 19th century rival theses arose alongside the .
