Fundamental Is Designed & Programmed By Sinan Bökesoy In .
Fundamental is designed & programmed by Sinan Bökesoyin collaboration with Hainbach.all rights reservedsonicLAB 2021www.sonic-lab.cominstallation of FundamentalV1.4 ( for desktop computer )Fundamental is an instrument plugin and a standalone app.Please unzip the downloaded file. You will find the plugin and standalone versions.(For the OSX version)- Fundamental.component files : ideally should be copied to your system /Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components directory in your system harddisk. For example /Volumes/OSX-Main/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/- Fundamental.vst3 file : ideally should be copied to /Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/VST3directory in your hardisk. For example /Users/sinanbokesoy/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST3You can install these files also to custom directories, however you will have to set this directory in yourDAW so that it knows where to look for them.(For the Windows version)- Put the directory Fundamental in Program Files / Common Files / VST3 directory of your system harddisk.!!Do not install just the .vst3 file but the whole directory into your VST3 Plugins directory.1
For OSX : The app version you can keep anywhere you like.For Windows : The app version has to be inside the downloaded folder, you can create a shortcut andmove that anywhere you like.Fundamental uses the following directories : PresetBanks, mydata and scl .- For OSX these directories are created and files are copies at Users/Shared/sonicLAB/Fundamental.- And for Windows it can be found at Documents/sonicLAB/Fundamental.It is advised to keep your preset banks inside the PresetBanks directory.- Fundamental registered version works with iLOK licencing and can be registered on the iLOK USB key, iLOK Cloud or the host computer.- If you don’t have an iLOK account, you can get it for free at www.ilok.com- You are responsible to carry on by moving your licence to different computers when you need.installation of Fundamental ( for iOS )Once you download the app from the AppStore, it will be installed to your iPAD as standalone and AUv3versions automatically.some important issues :- Fundamental uses sample level precision needed to control in real time all these parameters. Internaloperations are normalized for 96kHZ. Likewise recommended sampling rate to use for best soundquality is 96kHz.- Around 3800Hz there will be a transition to mathematical sine wave from the vintage sine wave. Theexplanation you can find at the Appendix section.2
What is Fundamental ?sonicLAB commitment in audio development is combining art, science and craftsmanship in software form.We believe that the Fundamental connects the present with the past and the future of sound design tools. Thatsignificant role leads exactly in how we should describe it.Lets retouch and scratch a bit the surface of electronic music history. EM in the second half of the 20thcentury has been spread at different hands, centers and directions beginning with the 50's. Serving the materialto composers requirements and that being limited within the technology available of those times, has certainlyinfluenced also the genres following these efforts. There has been cross disciplines and paths which havejustified that there can be no monopoles, neither a single methodology nor a certain technology providing allthe needs of producing electronic music.Much of the electronic music technology has been actually a migration/transformation of electronicFor instance, the famous GRM / Radio France studio through thedirection of Pierre Schaeffer was handling concrete recorded sonicmaterial with tapes machines, introducing analogue processingmethods to combine and recompose them into a structured bodyafter a tedious work flow. Magnetic tapes, tone mixers were theanalog equivalent of basic tasks of today's DAWs. Many composersof that time including Stockhausen and Xenakis (who have movedon in different directions later ) have visited the GRM.3
Around the same times, the studio for electronic musicWestDeutscheRundfunk (WDR ) has been established byHerbert Eimert and later with Karlheinz Stockhausen ( invitedcomposer and later the director ) has brought the need of sinewave generators / beat-frequency oscillators from the testingand calibration department ( as well noise generators, bandpass filters and tone mixers and oscilloscopes for visualization) for the purpose of using sine waves to artificially build acustom sonic spectra to constitute the basic sonic elements forStockhausen.Stockhausen, the best student of Messiaen along with Pierre Boulez has been the leading electronic serialmusic composer, where not just the pitch duration and onset time has been structured with serial approachbut also the timbral composition. By using the available test equipment tone generators he could juxtaposehis preferred serial combination of sine wave frequencies as distinctive bodies put in series in his electronicmusic studies. In Studie II, he has created clusters of 5 sine waves each by calculating by the formula 25√5to create a 81 tone scale.Not surprisingly, the test equipment delivered in use of compositional purposes came also with certainlimitations. For instance Stockhausen could only handle integer numbers of sine wave frequencies. As youcan see above the calculated numbers have been rounded and this has certainly changed the beatingcharacter between the waves.Furthermore the test equipment have no modulation capabilities ( the amplitude envelope has been in fact asubjective handling of Stockhausen ). Later other composers have used these tools within other musicalapproaches, also Stockhausen has liberated himself from serial music in his later electronic musiccompositions by combining other tools.4
Accidentally it was also around the same times of the firstcomputer systems and the first experiments at Bell Labs,where the first programming languages for soundgeneration by Max Matthews and the composer JeanClaude Risset as a co-worker of him has been conceived;the foundations of computer music. Although being thevery early stages of digital computing, this gave a big boostin study of sound and the science of it. Two decades laterIrcam in Paris would play a primary role for developing thesoftware tools especially for spectral processing, real timeprocessing by inviting regularly the (now legendary )computer music scientists from the US in order tocollaborate with the contemporary composers of that time.Jean Claude Risset has also been the lead of the computerdepartment at that time.A true pioneer of “computed” music in the 20th century, Xenakis has developed with his self-efforts aremarkable combination of mathematics, sound physics, composition and architecture. Beginning late in the1950s he proposed the use of stochastic methods driven by pure mathematical distribution functions for theconstitution of many musical components. Hand calculated results were mapped to structural components ofthe music ( notation, instrumentation, gestural information, sonic emergence through the mass vertical/horizontal movement of layers) were inviting in a sense the forces of nature and its complexity between formsof order and disorder. This multi disciplinary approach has taken him a full career of inspiration which hasfollowed later also on the digital hardware / software domains of applications.5
Back to the question : What is Fundamental ?Fundamental is a sound synthesis software tool combining the different roots of electronic musichistory. Fundamental wave engine is a faithful sonic recreation of a vintage Rohde&Schwartz tonegenerator ( having been widely used at WDR ) and leaving behind the limitations of the original deviceas such proposing complex modulation possibilities by mapping the sonic parameters like frequency ,gain, stereo panning etc. in continuum, which has not been applicable until now.A test equipment sound is not pure technically. The gainstage has a vacuum tube and also the frequencies below50hz do sound anything but a sine wave. All these are thesignature of a vintage sonic richness. The Fundamentalsoftware presents you 8 instances of this tone generatorwith all the artifacts and richness of a vintage equipment.The combination is we believe something you shouldexperience.The grounds of this project have been founded during myvisit to Hainbach’s studio in Berlin, who is well knownfor deeply incorporating these vintage tools of the past inhis modern electronic music since a while. Our idea wasbasically recreating a test tone equipment sound insoftware form but with the approach which sonicLABhas followed on its previous products.6
sonicLAB incorporates Xenakis’s methodology and has successfully implemented it in current tools ofsonic creation. The perspective derived from Xenakis follows that these tools are not designed just todeliver static results but in contrary calculated and animated in continuous motion which is not possible todo by hand. Now imagine the results of implementing the signature modulation scheme on 8 parallelinstances of a vintage sine wave generator in continuum.Upon the various recordings of his vintage tone generator delivered by Hainbach, sonicLAB has developeda genuine polymorphing wavetable oscillator algorithm to faithfully regenerate the vintage tone withinfinitesimal value steps of possible gain and frequency combinations. ( please check the Appendix sectionfor details. ) Additionally one can choose different tune scales or import custom ones to quantize the pitchof these oscillators.4 different continuous stochastic modulations ( GENs ) and stochastic AttackRelease envelopes( reminiscent of sonicLAB PaSSBot ) can drive each voice instance and put them in constant motion. Thisdynamic structure will take you to unheard sonic territories.ÂFurthermore, the collaboration of Hainbach and his craftsmanship has led this instrument to become a realtime performance tool, implementing the direct interaction of an MPE controller, a carefully designed userinterface combining the past and present trends to deliver you fast and intuitive results.Here again I salute all the composers / researchers having founded all these roots for us. I find myself luckyto be able to reach this technological progress letting us develop, creating and producing freely and I amextremely happy to deliver you this important electronic music tool with the collaboration of dear Hainbach.7
chapters:PagesIntegrating and running the Fundamental in your workspace10Structure and the controls of the interface12Fundamental GEN modulation generators16Performing the Fundamental19Tuning scales on Fundamental23Automation in DAW with Fundamental24Fundamental iOS25Appendix268
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Integrating and running the Fundamental in your workspaceFundamental is an instrument AU/VST3 plugin, and also a standalone app.On OSX : When you first launch Fundamental, it will create a directory at /Users/Shared/sonicLAB/Fundamental and copy all its necessary files to operate inside this folder.On Windows : As above the relevant files are copied to Documents/sonicLAB/Fundamental folder.After the launch, Fundamental will load the default preset. When you are using the plugin version, all thesettings and parameter changes which you apply on the Fundamental will be saved along with your DAWproject and also recalled back when you open that project.Triggering Fundamental :- When a preset is loaded , Fundamental expects a trigger to run the output. Simply it is this button.trigger the outputstate, also with MIDIC5 (C4 on someDAWs)- You can also trigger with a C5 Midi key ( 72 ). This happens like a switch again, press the key to turn iton, and then press later again to turn the trig off.- Triggering Fundamental happens through a AttackRelease envelope , which has by default a “gate” state,meaning also as pass thru.Important : You can save Trig state along with the preset, so that when recalled it will keep the last state.Likewise you can navigate between presets and create transitions without acting on the Trig button againand again.10
Presets : Presets are inside each bank of 16 slots. You can load from these slots , save onto them, importand export other banks from harddisk. Fundamental comes with preset banks created by Hainbach, BlushResponse and Sinan Bokesoy.To load and save presets press the respective button as shown below and the current work bank will openload presetsave presetFor both operations, hover your mouse pointer and press on the desired preset slot. When saving on a slot, aconfirmation dialogue will open. The Load button will remain lit and the preset loading window will remainfloating unless you turn the load button back off. This will give you the possibility to navigate between yourpresets quickly during a live performance.import bankexport bankedit the presetname hereYou can export the current work bank to disk and also import anytime another bank from disk.Important notes: The default bank when the Fundamental launches will be the Fundamental factory.xmlwhich sits inside the Fundamental PresetBanks directory ( explained above ).It is this bank being loaded by default each time you launch the Fundamental. ( other then that you havesaved the last plugin state along with your DAW project )All the preset save operations you do apply on a slot will replace the content of this particular bank slot. Soit is a destructive operation. However when you reopen the application, the present changes which youhave applied on the working bank remains.Therefore we suggest that you keep a backup of the factory bank and when finished working on a bankwith new presets then export this bank later with a different name. Beware that the last imported bank isalways subjected to preset save / load operations. You can create easily backup copies of your banks in theFundamental work directories.Alternative preset selection : You can use the midi notes 21-37 (A0-C2) to select a preset between slot1-16. This can be extremely usefu
Fundamental wave engine is a faithful sonic recreation of a vintage Rohde&Schwartz tone generator ( having been widely used at WDR ) and leaving behind the limitations of the original device as such proposing complex modulation possibilities by mapping the sonic parameters like frequency ,
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data 4 NXP Semiconductors PF0100 1 Orderable Parts The PF0100 is available with both pre-programmed and non-programmed OTP memory configurations. The non-programmed device uses “NP” as the programming code. The pre-programmed devices are identif
programmed surface roughness and non-programmed surface region are given, respectively. The AFM surface roughness value in the non-programmed surface roughness region in Fig. 3a showed a similar value as the first roughness value measured in the programmed surface roughness region (y -60mm). It means there is no Cr film at that location. This
Module 7: Fundamental Analysis (NCFM Certification) 1. Introduction of Fundamental Analysis What is Fundamental & Technical Analysis? Difference between technical & fundamental analysis Features & benefits of Fundamental analysis 2. Top-Down Approach in Fundamental Analysis Economic Analysis Industry Analysis Company analysis 3.
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As of February 1, 2017, for FY 2014-15, there are 102,107,000 funds programmed on 187 ATP projects. Projects programmed for funds in FY 2014-15 may also have funds programmed in FY 2015-16. Eight project phases totaling 5,671,000 are advancements f r. om FY 2015-16. One project (NI) has been completed and one project (IF) has been constructed.
The remote is already programmed to control most RCA, GE, and PROSCAN branded components; it may need to be programmed to control other manufacturers’ brands. Testing The Remote Control To determine whether the universal remote control needs to be programmed, turn on a component, such as a VCR, point the remote at the VCR, and press the VCR .
Replacement Keys NOTE: Only keys that have been programmed to the vehicle electronics can be used to start the vehicle. Once a Sentry Key has been programmed to a vehicle, it cannot be programmed to any other vehicle. At the time of purchase, the original owner is provided with a four digit PIN number. This number is required for dealer .
