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Islamic Cupping& Hijamah:A CompleteGuideBy Dr Feroz Osman-Latib2
Copyright 2013 EDI PublishersAll rights reserved. This book or any portion thereofmay not be reproduced or used in any mannerwhatsoever without the express written permission ofthe publisher except for the use of brief quotations ina book review.PDF VersionISBN-10: 0991145518ISBN-13: 978-0-9911455-1-5EDI Publishers11 Mandrill StreetLenasia 1827, South Africawww.edipublishers.co.zaemail: info@edipublishers.co.zaOrdering Information:Quantity sales. Special discounts are available onquantity purchases by bookstore, associations, andothers. For details, contact the publisher at theaddress above.3
ContentsForeword!8Preface !9Introduction!14Cupping, Hijamah or Bloodletting!17History of Hijamah!19Ahadeeth on Hijamah!27Virtues of Hijamah!27Reasons for having Hijamah!30Injury!30Headaches!30Sihr (black magic)!30Poison!31Paying the Hajjaam!32The issue of Ijazah!33Types of Hijamah / Bloodletting!Hijamah in the condition of strength!43434
Days for performing Hijamah in strength!40Hijamah in illness!42Phlebotomy vs Hijamah!44The effects of Hijamah on the body! 46Common effects of Hijamah!46Effects of Hijamah as per Unani-Tibb!49Hijamah’s effects within the traditionalChinese medicine paradigm:!52Modern Medical Understanding of Hijamah!55Composition of the blood removed inHijamah!57Circulatory system effects!64Effects on blood markers!66ESR!66RBC count and Hb!66Thrombocytes!67Cholesterol and Triglycerides!67Glucose!68Uric acid!695
Liver enzymes!69Effect of Hijamah on the organs andsystems!71Spleen!71Liver!72Kidneys!73Nervous system!73Effect of Hijamah on particular diseases!74General research!74Diabetes!75Pain!76Other diseases!79Taiba theory!81Guidelines for performing Hijamah! 85Who should practice Hijamah!85General contraindications and precautions!89Excessive perspiration!90Hemophilia!91Anticoagulant drugs!916
Anemia!93Pregnancy!95Wound healing disorders!96Who should have Hijamah done!998 patterns of illness!106Circulation issues!109The condition of the person havingHijamah!111When should Hijamah be performed?! 114Hijamah in strength!114Hijamah in illness!117Body areas for Hijamah!117Areas/points that should not be bled!119How much blood should be removed?! 122What to do after Hijamah?!124Conclusion!126A note on copyright in Islam!1277
ForewordThis is one of the first books explaining cupping insuch detail, it will benefit the patient and thepractitioner to understand all the details of Hijamah.Thus this book is a basic hand book on the practiceof Hijamah for the layman and the medicalpractitioner.Certain sections, only the one with good medicalknowledge will benefit whilst the layman can drawinformation from other parts.Many answers to commonly asked questions arewell documented. Questions such as:1) Who should practice Hijamah?2) The Shaari status of Hijamah?3) Who should have Hijamah done?4) When should Hijamah be done?5) What to do after Hijamah?6) and How it is basically done?One can safely conclude that this is a highly skilledprocedure to be done by an expert.Also it is recommended, not jurisprudically Sunnat.May Allaah reward Dr Feroz Latib for explaining thismatter adequately and May Allaah continue usinghim for Deen.A.H. Elias (Mufti)May Allaah be with him1434 - 20138
Preface"Indeed the best of remedies you have is hijama"- Saheeh al-Bukhari (5371)All Praise is due to Allaah who gave us the Deen ofIslaam and perfected it for us until the day ofQiyaamah. All praise is due to Allaah whom wecannot praise in the manner that He should bepraised, He is as He has praised Himself. All praiseis due to Allaah who sent our Noble NabiMuhammad (SAW) as a mercy and guidance for allmankind.Allaah Subhanahu wa Ta’aala has chosen mercy forHis creation, and because of this, His commandsand the life shown to us by His Ambiyaa (AS)encompass all that is beneficial for the spiritual,physical and social aspects of a human being, andsociety in general. Islaam itself places greatemphasis on good health and physical fitness as thisallows for the performance of Ibaadat and other actsthat are meritorious in the eyes of Allaah. For thisreason there are numerous Ahadeeth related to goodhealth, the treatment of illness, the use of herbalsubstances etc. Entire books have been devoted tothese topics, and amongst these writings perhapsthe most famous are the Ahadeeth regarding honey,hijamah and habbatul barakah (black seed); as aresult these three find common use amongst faithfulMuslims the world over who adopt it for generalhealth and the treatment of many, if not all medicalconditions.9
When one examines the Ahadeeth closely however,one realizes that there is a deeper layer that alludesto the treatment, whether it be hijamah, black seed,honey or any other treatment, being prescribed onthe basis of “differentiation” which in turn requiressound medical knowledge. From other Ahadeeththe Fuqahaa also deduce that one should visit adoctor who is an “expert” in their field.This brings to mind a wise saying that is quoted oftenin the books of our great scholars:“Half a doctor is a danger to your life, and half ascholar is a danger to your faith”The truth is that Hijamah is a medical procedure thatshould be performed by someone who has soundmedical knowledge and is able to understand notonly how to perform the procedure but when to doso, who to do it for, and when not to perform it.The scholars of Islaam also advise that administeringmedicine requires medical expertise and should notbe done by the layperson. Therefore, with regard toany medical treatment recommended by Rasulullaah(Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam), due to health andmedical intricacies as well as most country laws thatdefine the scope of practice of medicine and medicalprocedures, one must exercise caution and consultwith a physician who is a qualified expert in thatfield. Similarly, with regard to Hijamah, although itis strongly recommended by Rasulullaah(Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) in numerousAhaadeeth, it will be necessary to consult with a10
qualified practitioner before undergoing cupping andthen have it performed by one who has adequatemedical training. This may be a medical practitioneror a practitioner of complementary and alternativemedicine, who is duly qualified and registered withthe relevant authority in that country to practice.By doing so, one will gain the benefits of Hijamahwithout the inherent harm that exists in practicingHijamah without complete knowledge of itsintricacies. This is one of the fundamentalreasons why I have written this book, for thepatient and practitioner alike to understand allthe details regarding hijamah, so that it can be ameans of cure and not a means of sickness.Many will not understand this, as they believe that“cupping” or Hijamah must be beneficial at all times,since it is “Sunnah”. This view is not correct and isnot supported by the Ahadeeth either. Hijamahwhen done at its appropriate time and for theright person who is in the condition suited toHijamah will enable healing and cure for thatperson.I have been studying and teaching various aspectsof complementary medicine for the past 18 years,including acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine,chiropractic, laser therapy etc. I have a formalqualification from the Australian College of NaturalMedicine where I specialized in Chinese Medicineand Acupuncture. I completed my internship at theGuangxi University Hospital in Nanning, China whereI also received additional training in gynecology andpediatrics. I have taught at the South AustralianCollege of Natural Medicine and also at the11
University of the Western Cape in South Africa.Together with teaching, delivering seminars andhaving served at the Allied Health ProfessionsCouncil of South Africa I have been practicing andteaching hijamah/cupping for the last 15 years.In this time I have heard of many irresponsiblepractices being performed in the name of Hijamah,these have often led to many side-effects includingbut not limited to miscarriages, severe blood loss,permanent scarring etc. that can be experiencedwhen Hijamah is done incorrectly andinappropriately.Many well-meaning individuals have also sprung upin numerous countries who aggressively advertiseHijamah and perform it whilst ignoring its most basicprinciples, some doing it solely for monetaryincentive. They seek to profit both from people’sdesire to practice on the “Sunnah”, and the hope thatthe sick hold for finding a cure for their ailments. As aresult of being ignorant of the finer details ofHijamah, they end up doing more harm than good.It is my hope that by writing this guide, patients andpractitioners alike will have adequate knowledge touse hijamah properly and gain the true benefits inthis form of treatment, which when done correctly islike no other in terms of its healing effects on thebody. Those contemplating having it done willhave a better understanding of when, how and ifit should be performed in their case, and thoseperforming it will do so with sound knowledge andeliminate the serious side-effects inherent in itsincorrect practice. They will then serve as a means12
for bringing this “Sunnah” treatment to many who aredesperately in need of it.The book is a complete guide to the basis andpractice of Hijamah for the layperson andinterested medical professionals. It discusses allthe aspects of Hijamah in detail, but since it isprimarily meant for the public who want to beeducated about Hijamah, it excludes how to performthe procedure and also does not provide details ontreating specific illnesses with Hijamah. I haveincluded this practitioner level information in myHijamah Treatment Guide for Practitioners, which isa series of manuals that detail exactly how to useHijamah in the treatment of hundreds of healthconditions and disorders, it includes procedures,special Hijamah points, diagnostic and differentiationmethods, as well as ancillary therapeutic methodsand is available at this link:www.hijamahbook.com/treatmentDr Feroz Osman-Latibwww.DrLatib.comTwitter: @DrLatib13
IntroductionHijamah ( )ﺡحﺝجﺍاﻡمﺓة comes from the Arabic root word ﺡحﺝجﻡم which means “to diminish in volume”, and refers tothe reduction in blood volume or to the vacuum effectused to draw blood from the body. In the case of theAhaadeeth (sayings of the Nabi [SAW]) regardinghijamah it refers to the drawing of blood from thebody for therapeutic purposes, either to maintainhealth in the case of one who is not sick or to cure aspecific illness or ailment.The vacuum or sucking effect can be achieved bymany different methods including sucking with themouth directly over a cut or wound (as in the case ofpoisonous bites), using a leech to draw blood, theuse of instruments such as animal horns as wasdone in ancient times, or the more modern methodsof using bamboo, glass or plastic “cups”, either withfire or a pump mechanism.The practice of applying a partial vacuum by thesemeans causes the tissues beneath the cup to bedrawn up and swell, thereby increasing blood flow tothe affected area. This enhanced blood flow drawsimpurities and toxins away from the nearby tissuesand organs towards the surface for elimination viathe break in the skin layer created through theincisions made prior to the application of the "cup" orsimilar device.14
Bamboo cups were popular in Traditional ChineseCupping before the arrival of plastic and glass cups.Many practitioners still prefer to use bamboo cups asthey can be infused with an herbal decoction beforeapplication. Today it is not preferred for wet cuppingas one cannot see the amount of blood beingcupped and they are also impossible to sterilize.Nowadays plastic cups are commonly used for thecupping procedure and represent a safe andaffordable method of creating the vacuum needed.These cups however must be disposed of aftertherapy, as the valve mechanism cannot beadequately sterilized.15
Leeches were also commonly used for drawingblood and have been approved by the FDA in the USfor use in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Thesemedicinal leeches are valued because while drawingblood they release natural anticoagulant andanesthetic substances and are therefore able toefficiently restore blood flow. Some cupping clinicsemploy the use of medicinal leeches and while itmay be unpleasant it is in fact a safer and preferredoption, which also leaves less scarring.16
Cupping, Hijamah orBloodlettingThough ﺡحﺝجﺍاﻡمﺓة is commonly translated as “cupping”amongst English speakers, this is not an accuratetranslation because cupping in the modern sensecan refer to both “dry” (where no blood is removed)and “wet” forms (which is )ﺡحﺝجﺍاﻡمﺓة . Cupping is thepractice of using cups, which can be of differentmaterials, to create suction at the skin level in orderto draw blood to the surface, which may then beremoved in the case of "wet" cupping.Even amongst those who practice cupping, “wet”cupping is regarded the curative modality whereasdry cupping (in which no blood is removed), is a"relaxation therapy" and often practiced as part ofrelaxation massage techniques. Chinese medicinepractitioners however do use dry cupping in order to"invigorate blood flow" in cases of blood "stasis", yetthis is a relatively new phenomenon in Chinesemedicine where practitioners especially in westerncountries avoid drawing of blood.While dry cupping has its uses, it is limited in itstherapeutic effectiveness since the blood is drawn tothe surface but not released, hence the effect ofimproving blood flow as well as release of some heatthrough the pores is achieved, but it is a temporaryeffect.“Bloodletting” is the preferred term for ﺡحﺝجﺍاﻡمﺓة and willbe used throughout this book as it is more true to the17
meaning of Hijamah as implied by the Hadeeth. Thisis more so relevant since “cups” or similarinstruments are not always used in the Hijamahprocedure, as even an incision in the right part of thebody intended to release blood from that area can beconsidered Hijamah, so can the use of leeches todraw blood. Both do not involve the use of cups, butare true to the essence of Hijamah. In fact there areAhadeeth where the “blade of the Hajjaam” ismentioned as having the cure and is a indication thatthe act of releasing blood is the curative factor inHijamah and not which instrument is used to drawthe blood.In keeping with this understanding, the one whoperforms Hijamah will be referred to as the ﺡحﺥخّﺍاﻡم (Hajjaam) in this book."18
History of HijamahIt is recorded in the books of Ahadeeth that amongstother things, such as the use of the turban andmiswak, hijamah was a practice of every Nabi (AS).Considering that the Quran clearly states that everynation was sent a guide, and the fact that at least124 000 Ambiyaa (AS) were sent to this world,Hijamah as a treatment is to be found throughout theworld as a result of this long history of continuoususe. Indeed historical texts prove that this is the casewith depictions of cupping equipment being seen onancient stone tablets and markings fromarcheological findings throughout the world.The earliest historical evidence of the use of Hijamahis from the ancient Egyptians. One of the oldestEgyptian medical textbooks, written in approximately1550 BC, describes “bleeding” used to ‘removepathogens from the body’. It is evident thatbloodletting was considered a remedy for almostevery type of disease as well as an important meansof preserving good health and life.Hippocrates and Galen were also great advocates ofHijamah. In Hippocrates’ time bloodletting wastopological and not used in terms of the theory of the4 humors. Specific points were bled for specificillnesses. Galen explains that the principle indicationfor bloodletting is to eliminate residues or divertblood from one part of the body to another. Hisapproach was based on two key Unani conceptsprevalent at the time. First, that blood did notcirculate well in the body, and that it eventually19
went stagnant until it was “let out”. Secondly, theconcept of the balance of the four humors(blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile) wasthe source of health or illness, in which casebloodletting is used to bring about balancebetween these humors. Mapping out the bloodvessels of the body, Galen would cut his patients indifferent areas; depending on what area he wantedto treat.In the middle east region we find that the practice ofHijamah was already present before the arrival of thefinal Rasul (SAW) and the final Nabi (SAW) bothencouraged and used it himself on many occasions.Ibn Sina, the famous Muslim physician said:‘Hijamah is not preferred in the beginning or theend of the month. It is preferred in the middle ofthe month when the substances (of theconstitution or the condition) accumulate andbecome agitated.The Talmud included rules for days wherebloodletting could be practiced and early Christianwritings also outlined which days were the best forbloodletting therapy.In the East, Bloodletting and wet cupping was alwaysan integral part of the medical practices, and remainsso to this day. The ancient Chinese medical textwhich is widely regarded as the oldest medical text inexistence, the Nei Jing, or Inner Classic says that:“if there is stagnation it must be first be resolvedthrough bloodletting before the application ofacupuncture or moxibustion.”20
Another ancient Chinese medical text the Su Wengives detailed instructions for piercing combined withbloodletting but forbidding the letting of blood incertain seasons.The Su Wen states:“When heaven is warm and when the sun is bright,then the blood in man is rich in liquidand the protective qi (energy/lifeforce) is at thesurfaceHence the blood can be drained easily, and the qican be made to move on easily ”Some researchers believe that acupuncture actuallybegan as bloodletting, with sharp objects being usedto bleed the acupuncture points before thewidespread use of needles to perform acupuncture.This is also evidenced by depictions of ancient“needles” which were more akin to bleedinginstruments than the fine acupuncture needles in usetoday.The Lingshu (Spiritual Pivot) and its companionvolume, the Suwen (Simple Questions), writtenaround 100 B.C., established the fundamentals oftraditional Chinese medical ideas and acupuncturetherapy. Originally, there was a set of 9 acupunctureneedles, which included the triangular lance, swordlike flat needles, and fairly large needles. Regardingthe fourth needle, which has a tubular body andlance-like tip, the text states: "This can be used todrain fevers, to draw blood, and to exhaust chronicdiseases." The seventh needle is described as being21
hair fine (corresponding to modern acupunctureneedles); it is said to "control fever and chills andpainful rheumatism in the luo channels." In modernpractice, using the lance as a means to treat chronicdiseases has been marginalized (except to treatacute flare-ups of chronic ailments), while theapplications of the hair-fine needle has been greatlyexpanded beyond malarial fevers and muscle andjoint pain.Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncturepractitioners still use bleeding therapies though it ismore commonly practiced in China than by westernpractitioners due to concerns about infection and thegeneral dislike for dealing with blood in theacupuncture clinic.North American natives are reported to have usedbuffalo horns for wet cupping. The horns werehollowed with a small hole at the top through whichthe cupper would suck the air out of, in order tocreate a vacuum in the horn which would then pullup the blood from the incisions previously made witha blade.Buffalo horns are also reported as being used forHijamah during the Babylon - Assyrian Empire(stretching from Iraq to the Mediterranean).Bloodletting became widespread during the middleages and surprisingly, became a practice common tobarbers who would display a “bloodletting pole”outside their establishment to indicate that theypracticed bloodletting.22
In this way it also became widespread in the US dueto colonial influence from Europe and as a matter offact, George Washington, the first U.S. president,died after having close to 4 liters of blood removed23
from his body on the same day as a treatment for aninfection!The traditional principles of Hijamah were largelybeing ignored during this time with the procedurebeing carried out incorrectly by barbers who had nomedical knowledge and was therefore resulting in alarge number of adverse effects and even manyunnecessary deaths.In Europe, the main process of bloodletting in the19th century as performed by those in the medicalestablishment included the use of leeches to drainblood from a patient. France reportedly importedapproximately 40 million leeches for the purpose ofbloodletting during this period.In Finland, medicinal bleeding has been practiced atleast since the 15th century, and it is still donetraditionally in saunas. Cups made of cow's hornswere commonly used. These had a valve mechanismin it to create the negative pressure within the cup forsuction to take place. (Wet cupping is still commonlyused in Finland as a complementary/alternativemedicine.)By the mid to late 1800’s however, bloodletting wassharply criticized by the medical fraternity and hadfallen away as a popular method. Because of theprocedure not being practiced correctly it wasbecoming responsible for a large number of deathsand therefore was increasingly being discredited bymodern medicine, the newly established scientificmodel of medicine also began discrediting all other24
previously established traditional therapies in orderto gain medical dominance.There were valid concerns regarding the practice aswell and in 1828, Pierre Charles Alexandre Louisopenly criticized bloodletting for the treatment ofdiseases. His research found that in patients withpneumonia, 44% of those who were bled within thefirst four days died, compared with 25% of thosepatients who were bled later in their illness. Hededuced that bloodletting was not useful in thetreatment of pneumonia.Bloodletting managed to survive however into thefirst part of the 20th century; it was evenrecommended in a 1923 edition of a textbook calledThe Principles and Practice of Medicine. Duringthose days, there were four main bloodlettingmethods practiced by physicians. The first was thecontinued use of leeches as a bloodletting modality.The second was bleeding of superficial arteries. Thethird was phlebotomy (also known as “breathing avein”) where a large external vein would be cut inorder to draw blood and the last was scarification – amethod which involved using tools to make multipleincisions in the skin from which blood was drawnthrough “cupping”.As the 20th century brought new medical knowledge,technology and scientific research based validation(and negation) of medical practices, bloodletting diedout in modern medicine in the western world almostentirely within a few decades. It remained very muchstill a part of Chinese (and Japanese) Medicaltherapy, though practitioners trained outside of China25
or Japan were reluctant to perform the procedure. Italso remained in use in the Muslim world includingthe Middle East and countries with larger Muslimpopulations such as Indonesia, Malaysia etc.In the past 20 to 30 years it has found a tremendousresurgence amongst Muslim communities living inother parts of the world as well, with courses beingoffered to both medical practitioners and the public insome countries like the UK.In most western countries however like the US,Canada and Australia, medical law does not permitthe practice of Hijamah by a non-medical trainedindividual though the practice may still existinformally amongst certain Muslim communities.Since it involves piercing of the skin and exposure toblood and other body fluids and there is therefore ahigh risk of spreading of infections such as HIV andHepatitis, not to mention the possibility of seriousside effects, authorities in these countries haveappropriately seen fit to legislate its use to qualifiedand registered health practitioners such asacupuncturists, medical practitioners etc.26
Ahadeeth on HijamahThe books of Ahaadeeth, which are the sayings andalso the practices of the Nabi Muhammad (SAW) asrecorded by his illustrious companions (RA) arereplete with the mention of Hijamah describing itsvirtues and giving advice about when it is to beperformed etc. In this section I will mention only theAhadeeth regarding its virtues and also the hadithindicating the permissibility of paying a fee for thetreatment. The Ahadeeth regarding payment arementioned because there are many of the belief thatthere should be no payment for Hijamah whereasthis is against the Sunnah of the Nabi (SAW). OtherAhadeeth regarding the specific matters of Hijamahwill be discussed in their relevant chapters.Virtues of HijamahJabir bin Abdullaah (RA) relates that he heardRasulullaah (SAW) saying: “If there is any good inyour treatments it is in the blade of the Hajjaam, adrink of honey or branding by fire (cauterization),whichever suits the ailment, and I do not like to becauterized” (Bukhari and Muslim)Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatada reported: There came toour house 'Abdullaah and another person fromamongst the members of the household whocomplained of a wound. Jabir said: What ails you?He said: There is a wound which is very painful forme, whereupon he said: Lad, bring to me a cupper.He said: 'Abdullaah, what do you intend to do withthe Hajjaam? I said: I would get this wound cupped.27
He said: By Allaah, even the touch of a fly or clothcauses me pain (and cupping) would thus cause me(unbearable) pain. And when he saw him feeling pain(at the idea of Hijamah), he said: I heard Allaah'sRasul (may peace be upon him) as saying: If thereis any effective remedy amongst your remedies,these are (three): Hijamah, drinking of honey andcauterization with the help of fire. Allaah's Rasul(may peace be upon him) had said: As for myself Ido not like cauterization. The Hajjaam was calledand he cupped him and he was all right. (SahihMuslim 26:5468)Narrated By Abu Hurayrah (RA): Abu Hind cuppedthe Nabi (SAW) in the middle of his head. The Nabi(SAW) said: Banu Bayadah, marry Abu Hind (to yourdaughter), and ask him to marry (his daughter) toyou. He said: The best thing by which you treatyourself is Hijamah. (Abu Dawud 5:2097)Narrated By Abu Hurayrah: The Nabi (pbuh) said:The best medical treatment you apply is Hijamah.(Abu Dawud 22:3848)Abu Hurairah (RA) narrates that Rasulullaah (SAW)said: “Whoever has hijamah done on the 17th,19th or 21st of the month, it will be for him a curefrom every illness” (Sahih Al-Jaami’ 5968)Abu Hurairah (RA) narrates that Rasulullaah (SAW)said: “Jibra’eel conveyed to me that the bestamongst the things that mankind uses fortreatment is hijamah” (Sahih Al-Jaami 213)28
Abdullaah ibn Abbas (RA) reported that theRasul (SAW) said, "I did not pass by an angel fromthe angels on the night journey except that they allsaid to me: Upon you is Hijamah, OMuhammad." [Saheeh Sunan ibn Maajah (3477).In the narration reported by Abdullaah ibnMas'ud (RA) the angels said, "Oh Muhammad,order your Ummah (nation) withHijamah." [Saheeh Sunan Tirmidhi (3479)]Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) said,‘Jibraaeel (Álayhis salaam) repeatedly emphasizedupon me to resort to Hijamah to the extent that Ifeared that Hijamah will be madecompulsory.’ (Jamúl Wasaail p. 179).Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) praised aperson who performs Hijamah, saying it removesblood, lightens the back and sharpens theeyesight (Jamúl Wasaail p. 179)Hadhrat Abu Kabsha (Radhiallaahu Ánhu) narratesthat Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) usedto undergo cupping on the head and between hiss h o u l d e r s a n d h e u s e d t o s a y,‘Whosoever removes this blood, it will not harmhim that he does not take any othermedical treatment.’ (Mishkãt p. 389)29
Reasons for having HijamahBesides the general effects of Hijamah in improvingand maintaining good health, especially in the hotr e g i o n s , t h e N a b i ( S AW ) a l s o u s e d a n drecommended Hijamah for specific illnesses.InjuryJaabir ibn Abdullaah (RA) reported that the Rasul(SAW) fell from his horse onto the trunk of a palmt r e e a n d d i s l o c a t e d h i s f o o t . Wa k i ' ( R A )said, "Meaning the Rasul (SAW) was cupped on(his foot) for bruising." [Saheeh Sunan ibn Maajah(2807)].HeadachesSalma (RA), the servant of the Rasul (SAW) said,"Whenever someone would complain of aheadache to the Rasul of Allaah (SAW), he (SAW)would advise them to perform Hijamah." [SaheehSunan abi Dawud (3858)].Sihr (black magic)Ibn al-Qaiyum (RA) mentions that the Rasul (SAW)was cupped on his head when he was afflictedwith sihr and that it is from the best of cures for thisif performed correctly. [Zaad al Ma'aad (4/125-126)].30
PoisonAbdullaah ibn Abbas (RA) reported that aJewish woman gave poisoned meat to theRasul (SAW) so he (SAW) sent her a messagesaying, "What caused you to do that?" She replied,"If you really are a Nabi then Allaah will inform you ofit and if you are not then I would save the peoplefrom you!" When the Rasul (SAW) felt pain from it,he (SAW) performed Hijamah. Once he travelledwhile in Ihram and felt that pain and henceperformed hijamah. [Ahmed (1/305) the Hadeeth isHasan].These four conditions mentioned in the Ahadeeth forwhich the Nabi (SAW) had Hijamah done give us anindication as to what type of diseases Hijamah isuseful for viz.:1.External injuries2.Internal disorders which are either due to heat,poor circulation or build up of toxins3.Sihr (black magic)4.Poison (this can also be natural poisons such asheavy metal toxicity etc.)(A detailed list of more than 150 conditions that canbe treated with Hijamah, together with the method oftreating of them are discussed in greater detail in myHijamah Treatment
Thus this book is a basic hand book on the practice of Hijamah for the layman and the medical practitioner. Certain sections, only the one with good medical knowledge will benefit whilst the layman can draw information from other parts. Many answers to commonly asked questions are well documented. Questions such as:-
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200 C. The suction cup can be categorized into four different types; universal suction cups, flat suction cups with bars, suction cups with bellow and depth suction cups as shown in Fig.3 Fig.3: Shape of sectional view of Vacuum Cup The universal suction vacuum cups are used for flat or slightly arched surfaces. Universal suction
The vacuum grippers use suction cups (vacuum cups) as pick up devices. There are different types of suction cups and the cups are generally made of polyurethane or rubber and can be used at temperatures between -500C and 200 C. The suction cup can be categorized into four different types; universal suction cups, flat
1 Archaeological Laboratory Techniques [8/2015]. Suggested Reading. Adkins, Lesley, and Roy Adkins . 2009 . Archaeological Illustration. Paperback ed. Cambridge Manuals in
