Sheep Heart Dissection Lab - Somersetcanyons

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Pig heart dissection LabMaterials:Preserved pig heartSpray bottle filled with waterDissecting panDissecting suppliesPurpose of this lab: To review the structural characteristics of the human heart andto examine the major features of a mammalian heart.Before proceeding to Procedure, read through the Analysis Questions as you shouldbe answering these as you dissect the pig heart.Procedure A—Dissection of a Pig Heart.1. Obtain a preserved pig heart. Rinse it in water thoroughly to remove as much ofthe preservative as possible. Also run water into the larger blood vessels to forceany blood clots out of the heart chambers.2. Place the heart in a dissecting tray with its ventral surface up (See Figure 1below). Proceed as follows:a. Locate the visceral pericardium, which appears as a thin, transparent layeron the surface of the heart. Use a scissors to remove a portion of thislayer and expose the myocardium beneath. Also note the abundance of fatalong the paths of various blood vessels. This adipose tissue occurs in theloose connective tissue that underlies the visceral pericardium.b. Identify the following on the exterior (outside) of the heart:right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle, coronaryarteriesFigure 1: Ventral view of HeartFigure 2: Dorsal view of Heart

3. Examine the dorsal surface of the heart (Figure 2). Locate the stumps of tworelatively thin-walled blood vessels that enter the right atrium. Demonstrate thisconnection by passing a slender probe through them. The upper vessel is the superiorvena cava, and the lower one is the inferior vena cava.4. Open the right atrium. To do this, follow these steps:a. Insert a blade of the scissors into the superior vena cava (Figure 3) and cutdownward through the atrial wall.b. Open the chamber, locate the tricuspid valve and examine its cusps.c. Using a spray bottle, run some water through the tricuspid valve to fill thechamber of the right ventricle. Be sure to answer question #5 in your labreport while doing this.d. Gently squeeze the ventricles and watch the cusps of the valve as the watermoves up against them.5. Open the right ventricle as follows:a. Continue cutting downward through the tricuspid valve and the rightventricular wall until you reach the apex of the heart.b. Find the opening to the pulmonary trunk and the pulmonary valve.c. Examine the valve and its cusps.6. Open the left side of the heart. To do this, follow these steps:a. Insert the blade of the scissors through the apex of the heart at the leftventricle. Cut upward, dividing the heart into “front” and “back” halves by cuttingalong the left ventricle, up through the left atrium.b. Open the left atrium and locate the four openings of the pulmonary veins.Pass a slender probe through each opening and locate the stump of itsvessel.c. Examine the bicuspid valve (mitral valve) and its cusps.d. Also examine the left ventricle and compare the thickness of its wall withthat of the right ventricle.7. Locate the aorta, which leads away from the left ventricle, and proceed asfollows:a. Compare the thickness of the aortic wall with that of the pulmonary trunk.b. Use scissors to cut along the length of the aorta to completely divide theheart into two halves and expose the aortic valve at its base.c. Examine the cusps of the valve and locate the openings of the coronaryarteries just distal to them.

8. As a review, locate and identify the stumps of each of the major blood vesselsassociated with the heart.9. Discard the specimen as directed.10. Locate the parts of the heart (labeled on the human heart diagram of your labreport) on a dissectible heart model.11. Complete your lab report.Figure 3: Interior view of HeartIdentification List:aortaaortic valvebicuspid valve (mitral valve)coronary arteriesinferior vena cavaleft atriumleft ventriclemyocardiumpericardiumpulmonary trunkpulmonary valvepulmonary veinsright atriumright ventriclesuperior vena cavatricuspid valve

Pig Heart Dissection LabNamePeriod #Analysis Questions1. How can you tell which side of the heart is the ventral surface?2. How many chambers are found in the mammalian heart? List these chambers.3. Which chambers are the pumping chambers of the heart?4. Which chambers are the receiving chambers of the heart?5. Describe the action of the tricuspid valve when you squeezed the water-filled right ventricle.6. Compare the structure of the tricuspid valve with that of the pulmonary valve.7. How do the walls of the atria compare with the walls of the ventricles and why are they different?8. What is the purpose of heart valves?9. Name & compare the heart valves found between the upper & lower chambers of the right and leftsides of the heart.

10. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called , while carryblood toward the heart.11. Which artery is the largest and why?12. What is the purpose of the coronary artery and what results if there is blockage in this vessel?13. Can an artery carry deoxygenated blood? Explain using an example.14. Using words, fill in the flow chart below tracing blood flow through the major blood vessels andheart, starting with deoxygenated blood returned from the body.inferior/superior vena cava aorta

Jan 29, 2016 · Pig heart dissection Lab Purpose of this lab: To review the structural characteristics of the human heart and to examine the major features of a mammalian heart. Before proceeding to Procedure, read through the Analysis Questions as you should be answering these as you dissect the pig heart. P

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