NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS) Pitman’s Shorthand .
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialLESSON – 2VOWELSYou are thorough with all the stroke consonants, joining of strokesand grasped sounds of the language and phonetic basis of Pitman’sshorthand system.Now, this is the time to learn the very important lesson on VOWELS.Definition of a Vowel:“If the mouth passage is left so open as not to cause audiblefriction, and voiced breath is sent through it, we have a vowel.”(Prof. Sweet).The difference between the consonant and vowel is given below:A consonant is a sound whichcannot be produced distinctlywithout the aid of a vowel.A vowel is a sound which can beproduced without the assistanceof any other.There are six simple long vowels and six corresponding short vowelsin English language, represented by heavy dot and heavy dash; lightdot and light dash respectively.LONG VOWELSThe six long vowels are divided into two groups, AH, A, E and AW, O, OO.The first group of three vowels AH, A, E are called Lingual vowelsbecause, in their production, the tongue is mainly concernedconandthese three vowels are represented by heavy dot ( ).PageThe threeee vowels in each group are numbered and are called as firstplace vowel, second place vowel and third place vowel. The order ofthe vowels in each group corresponds with their utterance by thevocal organs.In the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com1The next group of three vowels AW, O, OO are called Labial vowelsbecause, in their production, the lips are mainly concerned andthese three vowels are represented by heavy dash (-))
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialThe table below shows the usage of long vowels:LingualLabialVowelSound As inSignPlaceSound As in1st placeAHPa1st placeAWall2nd placeĀmay2nd placeŌgo3rd placeĒwe3rd placeŌŌtooSignBased on the above table, the long vowels are to be called by theirdistinct names, thus,First place heavy dot vowelConsonants inthe wordcalm, palm, balm k-m,kp-m, b-mĀSecond place heavy dot vowelPlate, rate, mateĒThird place heavy dot vowelPeak, ream, meet p-k,pr-m, m-tAWFirst place heavy dash vowelPaul, rod, topVowelAHŌOOName of vowelAs inpp-l-t,R-t, m-tp R-d, t-pp-l,Second place heavy dash vowel Goat, shore, boat g-t,gsh-r, b-tThird place heavy dash vowelTour, shoot, boot t-r,tsh-t, b-tOn every stroke, there are three places either side to write thevowels.The first place vowels are written at the beginning of a stroke.strokeThe second place vowels are written at the middle of a stroke.strokeThe third place vowels are placed at the end of a stroke.strokeIn the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.comPagePlaces are to be counted from the beginning of the stroke in thedirection in which it is written.2Vowels are placed either before the stroke (preceding vowel) orafter the stroke (following vowel) according to the occurrence ofvowel, before or after the consonant.
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialThe following tables shows the places of vowels,ls, before or after the strokes.HorizontalStrokesPage3Downward StrokesIn the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialUPWARD STROKESThe following sentence reminds you the sequence of long vowels.māy2nd placeheavy dotwē3rd placeheavy dotall1st placeheavy dashgōō2nd placeheavy dashtōō3rd placeheavy dashPage1st placeheavy dot4PahIn the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialWhile forming outlines for the words, the consonants heard in theword are written first by joining them together, without lifting thepen. Then the vowels are placed as they occur naturally in theword. See the following examples:In this word, the consonants heard in the word are t & k.There is a vowel before ‘t’ which is written on the left sideof stroke. One more vowelowel occurred after ‘t’ which iswritten on the right side of stroke. The consonant ‘k’tat ata attack occurred after ‘t’. In the natural pronunciation of word‘attack’, t is followed by k. Hence, one vowel before ‘t’ andFind the natural way ofoccurring consonants and the subsequent vowel after ‘t’ are written, forming thevowels in the above word. outline for the word ‘attack’ in its natural way.Some more such examples are given below:While writing the outlines, all the consonants heard in theword are written together without lifting the pen.pen Soconsonantsoccurredinthewordi.e.‘b’and‘d’ are tobbobod bodybewritteninitially.Thenvowelsheardintheword arePlease note that the aboveis to explain the naturalplaced accordingly.First place heavy dash vowelway in which the wordoccurred after ‘b’. It is placed after ‘b’.heard is written inThen third place light dot vowel is placed after ‘d’.shorthand.This way, the outline for the word ‘body’ is formed.In this example outline for the word ‘followed’ is written.The consonants occurred are f – l – d. They are written together.Vowels are placed after writing the outline.The vowels occurred in the word are a firstplace heavy dash vowel after ‘f’ (f aw fo);and then a second place heavy dash vowelafter ‘l’ (l o lo) and there is no vowel afterf–l-df-o-l-o-dthe last consonant ‘d’. Hence the vowels areplaced accordingly to form the outline for theword ‘followed’.Page5The dash vowels may be written at the right and convenient angle to the straightstrokes and like spokes in a wheel direction to the curves.In the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialRead and practice each of the following outlines,, as many times aspossible (in a separate exercise book) to gain knowledge of longvowels represented by heavy dot and heavy aOffOreRootEraManageLakeSHORT VOWELSThe six corresponding short vowels are Ă, Ĕ, Ĭ and Ŏ, Ŭ,Ŭ OO.The first group of three vowels Ă, Ĕ, Ĭ are Lingual vowels and theseare represented by light dot ( ).The next group of three vowels Ŏ, Ŭ, OO are Labial vowels and theseare represented by light dash (-)The three vowels in eachh group are numbered and are called as firstplace light dot/dash vowel, second place light dot/dashdash vowel andthird place light dot/dash vowel. The order of the vowels in eachgroup corresponds with their utterance by the vocal organs.Ăthat1st placeŎnot2nd placeĔpen2nd placeŬmuch3rd placeĬis3rd placeOOgoodPage1st placeSign6The table below shows the usage of short vowels:LingualLabialVowelSound As inSignPlaceSound As inIn the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialBased on the above table, the short vowels are to be called by theirdistinct names, thus,First place light dot vowelBat, cap, packConsonants inthe wordbb-k,c-p, p-kSecond place light dot vowelBell, deck, getb d-k, g-tb-l,Third place light dot vowelBit, chip, millbb-t,ch-p, m-lFirst place light dash vowelcot, talk, shopkk-t,t-k, sh-pSecond place light dash vowelnut, boat, votenn-t,b-t, v-tThird place light dash vowelfoot, push, woodff-t,p-sh, w-dVowelĂĔĬŎŬOOName of vowelAs inThe following sentence reminds you the sequence of short vowels.thăt1st placelight dotpĕn2nd placelight dotĭs3rd placelight dotnŏt1st placelight dashmŭchch2nd placelight dashgood3rd placelight dashPRECEDING VOWELSAs explained above, when a vowel occurs before consonant it iscalled preceding vowel and written before the consonant i.e. onleft hand side to up strokes/down strokes and written above thehorizontal strokes, thusapeaidifaceairillawayearth acheche eggaimFOLLOWING VOWELSdayfeesayraylowwayrow keygomayIn the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.comPagepay7When a vowel occurs after consonant, it is called following voweland written after the consonant i.e. on right hand side to upstrokes/ down strokes and written below the horizontal strokes,strokes thus
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialEXERCISE - 3Decipher the outlines, write the words and verify with the ‘key’.‘key’Practice the outlines,utlines, four lines each, as shown in example.Press the link below to view the Key or copy the link and paste inyour browser address bar:Page8 a href EXERCISE%203.pdftarget ” blank” style KEY TO EXERCISE 3 /a In the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialEXERCISE - 4Write outlines for the following words in the boxes given below.Verify and correct thee mistakes and practice each outline at leastthree lines in your practice oadrogue meparkrope repairepair wake inningWebrakebeat eakeakteachairjuteratejudgeudgefamily TamilWooLeafearthboom ream heathcake memoPress the link below to view the Key or copyopy the link and paste inyour browser address bar:Page9 a href EXERCISE%204.pdftarget ” blank” style KEY TO EXERCISE 3 /a In the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialPage10Now practise the outlines as written in Exercises-3 and 4, at each three lines each, asper the examples given below:In the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
NATIONAL SHORTHAND SCHOOL (BOOKS)Pitman’s Shorthand Online TutorialPage11Take required no. of print outs of this page and practise all the outlines as given inExercises-3 and 4, at least each three lines each, as per the examples given above:In the service of Twin Arts over 25 Years Visit www.nssbooks.com
Pitman’s Shorthand Online Tutorial LESSON – 2 VOWELS You are thorough with all the stroke consonants, joining of strokes and grasped sounds of the language and phonetic basis of Pitman’s shorthand system. Now, this is the time to learn the very important lesson on VOWELS.
Pitman Shorthand is a system of representing an English word or set of related English phrases using Consonants and Vowels (cf. Duployan Shorthand). As mentioned earlier, Pitman Shorthand (is based on simple geometric symbols viz., lines and curves) is written phonetically and not using spelling of each letters.
Pitman Shorthand is a system of representing an English word or set of related English phrases using Consonants and Vowels (cf. Duployan Shorthand). As mentioned earlier, Pitman Shorthand (is based on simple geometric symbols viz., lines and curves) is written phonetically and not using spelling of each letters.
PROLIFERATION OF SHORTHAND IN AMERICA Pitman’s system appeared in America in 1852. Gregg’s in 1893. Before then the only known US shorthand system was A Shorthand Book, authored by John Radcliff in 1650. In America, the growth of shorthand consisted mainly of authors perfecting existing systems and
Pitman’s Shorthand Online Tutorial Page 14 BRIEF ANALYSIS Pitman’s Shorthand is phonetic and is written according to sound and not according to the ordinary spelling . There are 24 consonant sounds represented by 26 shorthand strokes – ‘r’ and ‘h’ are
Blog Archive Pitman’s New Era Shorthand 2015 May p2 A of 21 Blog Archive Pitman’s New Era Shorthand 2015 May p2 B of 21 Images & Text Beryl L Pratt www.long .
PITMAN’S SHORTHAND What is Shorthand: It is an art of writing speeches in English at a fast rate, using short symbols. In most of the offices, Legislative Assemblies, Law Courts for the judges, for news reporting etc., Shorthand writers are essential. You, the student of Shorthand are sure to get a decent job if you practice the art
Gregg shorthand is easy to learn, read and write. Gregg Shorthand may be learned in from one-third to one-half the time required by the old systems. The records made by its writers prove this beyond all questions. Gregg Shorthand is the most legible shorthand in existence. In the public shorthand speed contests, writers of the system
Studying the Korean language is even more challenging and fascinating than studying other languages. Korea has an ancient culture. Over the centuries, it has— amazingly—been able to mix all the influences coming from Central Asia, the Steppes, Manchuria, China, Japan, and the West into a beautiful, brilliant, and unique new culture. This cultural richness has affected the Korean language .
