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TheFreestoneA Publication of the Colorado State University English DepartmentSpring 1995Ph.D. Program Closer to Realityby susan l. siegalThe long process of developing a Ph.D. program for theEnglish Department is finally nearing its end. For at least fiveyears now, a Ph.D. program in Discourse Studies has been in theworks. Now, the finished proposal is ready to be sent to theUniversity curriculum committee and, pending its approval there,to the Colorado Commission of Higher Education (CCHE).According to Graduate Coordinator Carol Cantrell, there aremany reasons for deciding to add a Ph.D. program: It's good forthe Department and the University. It's time for CSU to say thatwe ve matured to that point. Cantrell pointed out that there areonly two other Ph.D. programs in the College of Liberal Arts, inPolitical Science and Economics.Trimble Leaves Legacyof Change for CLAby jake hartvigsenThis past spring, the College of Liberal Arts lost one of itspioneering women. Martha Trimble, a scholar in WesternAmerican literature and former professor of Englishcomposition, died on April 19, 1994, in Fort Collins. Trimblewas 79 years old.Throughout her career at Colorado State University,Trimble championed the cause of women on campus. As oneof the earlier women instructors on the CSU campus, Trimbleplayed an active role in strengthening the compositioncurriculum within the College of Liberal Arts and inpromoting the growing role of women instructors throughoutthe University. She was also a tireless and enthusiastic advisorfor undergraduate students.Continued on page 8INSIDEOutcomesAssessmentNewVoicesThe Foundation of the A Thomas Mark: A ProfileLaura Mullen: A ProfileThis new course of studywill combine three focuses:composition, literature, andlinguistics with specificrequirements in reading/writingtheory and rhetoric, linguistictheory, and literary theory.Candidates in the program willbe required to choose two ofthe above areas and form aconcentration.While the program willdraw on the already strongresources of the Department,Carol Cantrell has led effortsthe Ph.D. program hasto create the Ph.D. programdefinitely been in mind while(photo by David Lindstrom)recent decisions have beenmade. We ve been hiring forthe last five years with the Ph.D. in Discourse Studies in mind, Cantrell said. We have a wealth of resources to draw from, shesaid, pointing to the alliance of the English Department with thedepartments of Speech Communication, Technical Journalism,and Foreign Languages. This cooperation allows the fulfillment ofa goal -- the desire for a truly interdisciplinary program of study.A commitment to diversity is central to the development of theprogram.While there is no concrete time line for the actualimplementation of the program, Cantrell hopes to see Ph.D.students here within the next two to three years. Cantrell estimatesthat when in full swing, the program will have 20 to 25 students.Cantrell said that while the program is in its approval stages,letters of support from Colorado businesses and organizations areimportant. It's important for the Commission to see how thiswould benefit Colorado, she said.If you would like more information on the program, or wouldlike to send a letter of support, please contact either Carol Cantrell,or Pattie Cowell, Department Chair.GoWest!Eddy'sHummingHallsDeconstruction in the orado State University1

TheFreestoneThe Freestone is published annually by theEnglish Department atColorado State University. If you have anycomments, suggestions,or know of news itemsthat should be includedin the next edition, pleasewrite to Mike Palmquistat the Department ofEnglish, Colorado StateUniversity, Fort Collins,CO 80523 or call (970)491-7253. Palmquist canalso be reached on theinternet at mpalmquist@vines.colostate.edu.Editorial Staff:Jeffrey BarnesDave BrookingKerri ConradLaura PritchettSusan SiegalTheresa WaggonerShelley WidhalmJen ZamoraFacultyAdviser:Mike PalmquistAbout Freestone:We chose the nameFreestone -- which refersto a mountain streamwith a bed composed ofslowly shifting stones -because it is an aptmetaphor for the natureof change in Englishdepartments. Exceptduring the spring runoff(or massive budgetreallocations), thosechanges typically comeslowly, and aren't alwaysnoticed by a student whois here for only four orfive years. Nonetheless,over time, accumulatedchanges can result inprofound differences.CSU s Programs of Researchand Scholarly Excellenceby steve hillIn 14 years some things have changed -- but others have remained the same.It was 1981 when composition specialists in Colorado State University s Department of English firstgained national recognition by establishing one of the nation s first computer-supported writinglaboratories. That work led, in 1991, to the establishment of The Center for Research on Writing andCommunication Technologies -- a joint effort between the departments of English, SpeechCommunications, and Technical Journalism. In December 1992, the Colorado Commission on HigherEducation (CCHE) named the Center one of three Programs of Excellence in the state of Colorado. Thisspring, the Center was recognized once again, this time as one of 14 Programs of Research and ScholarlyExcellence across the University.The Center s research mission focuses on the impact of emerging communication technologies ontwo broad areas -- instructional and professional issues. Mike Palmquist, Co-Director of the Center, said, We are an information society, but if people can t communicate what they know, others won t benefitfrom that knowledge. We not only help students improve the quality of their message, but we create newmedia to convey that information. One example of this new media is the development of software to support writing and speakinginstruction. Made possible by a five-year, 250,000 grant from the CCHE, the software will give studentsall over campus easy access to information about writing and speaking and will provide tutorials to helpthem complete assignments. These programs will help students learn skills that will benefit them beforeand after graduation, Palmquist said. We hope the programs will make it easier for content-area facultyto incorporate communication assignments into their courses. The Center s impact outside of the CSU has been significant as well. An early series of seminalstudies, conducted in collaboration with AT&T Bell Labs, focused on the effectiveness of style-checkingprograms for student writers. Subsequent research has focused on innovative teaching strategies incomputer-supported writing classrooms, the impact of computer-networks on teaching and learning, andthe impact of computer technologies on professional communication. An important outgrowth of theseresearch initiatives is the leading journal in the study of computer-supported writing instruction,Computers and Composition, which was co-founded by Kate Kiefer, a founding member of the Center.As a result of these efforts, faculty affiliated with the Center have developed national reputations for theirwork in computers and writing.Much has changed in communications technologies in recent years, but one thing has remained thesame -- CSU is still at the forefront of this field.The Staff: (Left to Right) Laura Pritchett, Kerri Conrad, Jen Zamora, Theresa Waggoner, Susan Siegal,Shelley Widhalm, Jeffrey Barnes, Dave Brooking, Mike Palmquist (Photo by Gilbert Findlay)2 The Freestone

Outcomes Assessment HelpsDepartment Define Teaching Missionby kerri conradIn 1991, the English Department submitted its first progressreport of the Outcomes Assessment Program to the ColoradoCommission of Higher Education (CCHE). To ensure studentsaccess to high-quality education, all Colorado universities andcolleges participate in this program as mandated by the legislaturethrough the CCHE. According to Ward Swinson, UndergraduateCoordinator for the English Department, it is the Department sresponsibility to set goals for its students and to initiate methodsof assessment to show how students meet these goals. Additionally, outcomes assessment aids the English Department inmaintaining a unique program of study: The CCHE preventsduplication of statewide education programs.Annually, the English Department submits its goals andassessment methods to the CCHE, which determines whether thestudents are being properly assessed. The Department produced itsfirst accountability report in 1992, and since then, the OutcomesAssessment Program has served as a communication link betweenEnglish students and faculty.The Department has established three methods of assessment:the senior survey, the graduating senior s portfolio, and the alumnisurvey. All graduating seniors are required to complete acomputer survey, which asks them to rate their own levels ofeducational achievement in areas such as linguistics, literature,critical thinking, and writing. This survey allows students toevaluate courses in the above areas and in the quality of teachingand advising. Additionally, graduating seniors must submit aportfolio consisting of at least three essays written for upper-levelEnglish courses that demonstrate the student s abilities relevant to. . . general goals of the major and specific goals for anyconcentration the student might be pursuing, as outlined in theAccountability Report of 1993-1994. As a final step in outcomesassessment, the Department surveys its alumni on how theirexperience with the English program has affected them in terms ofcareers, career goals, and personal life. This information is madeavailable to students through presentations at English Clubmeetings, while faculty members receive written reports.The 1993-1994 senior and alumni surveys demonstrate highsatisfaction with the program and instruction the Department ofEnglish provides. For example, based on a five-point scale,graduating seniors rated themselves on average 4.29 for the abilityto write for myriad audiences and 4.05 for knowledge ofShakespeare s works. Students graduating with a creative writingconcentration felt they received superior instruction; the averagerating for the ability to apply the concepts of the crafts of [fiction,poetry, or creative non-fiction] . . . to produce a body of originalworks was 4.39. When asked if they would complete the Englishprogram if they had it to do over again, 85% of our alumnianswered yes.Although most survey responses are positive, a high rate ofnegative student responses to particular survey questions doesinfluence the University s English program. For instance, studentscontinually requested more literature courses offered outside theAmerican and British traditions. As a result, Introduction toChicano Literature and Gay and Lesbian Literature classes havebeen added to course offerings. Another change made in responseto students needs was to reduce the number of total credits in themajor from 45 to 39 and increase the number of elective coursesin English, thus allowing students to explore more fully theirinterests in non-traditional literatures. Please direct all questions/comments concerning outcomesassessment to Ward Swinson. He can be reached by mail to theDepartment, by phone at (970) 491-6067, and by internet atwswinson@vines.colostate.edu.Vigil Receives Martin LutherKing Jr. Awardby mike palmquistAnthony Vigil, an MFAcandidate in the Department ofEnglish, was awarded this year sMartin Luther King Jr. Award. Theaward, which recognizes academicachievement and contributions tominority education at Colorado StateUniversity, is given each year by theGraduate School.Vigil was nominated byProfessor of English Bill Tremblay,Anthony Vigil (Photowho called attention to Vigil sby Carolee Ritter)extensive and wide rangingcontributions to minority education, to his strong academicrecord, to his outstanding artistic achievements as a poet, and tohis recognized excellence as a teacher in the composition andcreative writing programs at the University. In every sense,Anthony Vigil has been a young man who embodies the spiritof Martin Luther King, Jr., the namesake of this award, saidTremblay. Anthony is a mature individual with enormousabilities -- intellectual, artistic, cultural, and personal. Recalling his reactions to learning of the award, Vigilobserved, My immediate reaction was one of undeniablehonor, mostly because the legacy and inheritance of MartinLuther King, Jr., and the civil rights movement is the spirit inwhich I have attempted to embody and advance in my personal,professional, and creative life. That spirit has led Vigil on a journey spanning more than adecade of volunteer work and civil rights activism. In addition,it has shaped his work as a poet and a teacher. Among hisContinued on page 11Colorado State University3

New Voices Launched by Departmentby theresa waggonerListen carefully. Colorado State University student writerscan now be heard through New Voices, an anthology of shortstories and poetry written by current and former students,published last summer by the English Department s Center forLiterary Publishing. As a creative writing program, we have an investment in thefuture of our students and getting their work before the public, David Milofsky, Director of the Creative Writing Program, said. Right now, it is very difficult for new and young writers to getpublished. New Voices does more than just provide an opportunity forstudent publication. The anthology is also being used inintroductory literature (E140) and creative writing classes (E210),along with more traditional material. We wanted a vehicle to suggest to students that literature isstill being written, that it is a living process, not simply anhistorical artifact, Pattie Cowell, Department chair, said.Andrew Love, a graduate teaching assistant who uses NewVoices in his E210 class, agreed with Cantrell. He said theanthology makes writers accessible to his students. "Too oftenstudents see writers as these high on the hill inaccessible intellectsthat move in atmospheres and orbits that they could never aspireto, Love said. This is simply not the case, and having livingbreathing writers there in front of them reminds them that humanbeings wrote all these stories. One of Love s students, Deborah Sattler, said New Voices hasmade the writing process more real and available to her, especiallyafter reading Kevin Foskin s story, Secret Agent Man. I wasdelighted to find Foskin s name on a door during my wanderingshere in Eddy, Sattler said. I poked my head in to tell him howmuch I had enjoyed his story. I am sure he appreciated the input. Not only does New Voices help undergraduates in theclassroom, it also helps the financially troubled Greyrock Review,the undergraduate literary magazine. According to Milofsky, partof the profits made from the volume s sales will support theGreyrock. Any additional profits will be used for studentfellowships and scholarships.Professor Richard Henze said the idea for New Voicesactually came about in early September 1993 when he was talkingto a student about raising funds for the Greyrock. Henze said hespoke to both Milofsky and Cowell about the idea, and they wereenthusiastic and willing to take on the project. He said theyrealized how beneficial such a book could be for the students. Wecouldn t imagine a different kind of text that would accomplishthese benefits as well as this one, Henze said.To publish the anthology, Milofsky, Henze, and Cowellformed the Center for Literary Publishing. Cowell became thepublisher, Milofsky became the general editor, and Henze becameexecutive editor. They sent out a letter calling for manuscripts toas many current and former students that could be found. A couplehundred manuscripts were received. Then, the editorial board -Carol Cantrell, Ann Goegla, Theresa Bokros Sandelin, and BillTremblay -- chose which poems and short stories to publish.4 The FreestoneFinally, the book was typeset by students -- Kevin Foskin, CaitlinHamilton, and Erik Simon -- giving them experience in bookproduction. It went from a conversation to a book in less than sixmonths, Milofsky said.New Voices is also quickly finding an audience beyond CSU.Milofsky said it has sold well at the Stone Lion Bookstore in FortCollins, and the Tattered Cover Bookstore in Denver is veryinterested. He said the Tattered wants to do a reading and asigning of the anthology. It has been very well received by those who have seen it, notjust by people here, but all over the country, Milofsky said.The Center for Literary Publishing plans to publish a secondvolume, New Voices: The Essay this summer. Both the fictionand nonfiction volumes will be updated every few years.New Voices could be the first of its kind, a landmarkpublication. I m not sure, but I don t think there s another writingprogram in America that has ever done anything like this for itsstudents, Milofsky said.SUBSCRIPTION FORMColorado Review (2 issues/year) for:1 Year: 15.002 Years: 28.00Greyrock Review (1 issue/year) for:1 Year: 6.00New Voices (1 issue/year) for:1 Year: 10.002 Years: 18.00NAMEADDRESSCITYSTATEPAYMENT METHOD:Card Number:Check EnclosedZIPVisaMasterCardExp. Date:(Include 1.00 for shipping/handling)

WritingThe Greyrock ReviewThe Colorado Review:Just Read Itby caitlin hamiltonby shelley a. widhalmTo further supportundergraduate writing andartwork, the English Departmentwill invest more of its financesand personnel in The GreyrockReview. The EnglishDepartment is making acommitment to improvingthe overall quality of themagazine, BronwynShone, graduate advisorto the magazine, said.Shone s primary responsibility is to guide the Greyrock staffthrough the publishing process and to ensure thatworking on the Greyrock is a valuable learning experience.According to Ward Swinson, the Greyrock s faculty advisor,Shone was hired to provide the Greyrock staff with more directionand practical advice than it has had in the past.The Greyrock is not only an important venue for publication,it also provides practical experience for the student staff. Selectingwhich submissions to be published in the Greyrock helped BarbGodlew, Greyrock s co-editor from 1992 to 1994, evaluate thestrengths and weaknesses in her own writing. Similarly, AaronAbeyta, a graduate student who served on the staff from 1993 to1994, learned that his themes were different from those of otherColorado State University students. This realization encouragedhim to pursue his writing subject -- his hometown of Antonito,Colorado and the people he knew growing up.The Department allows undergraduate students to take onecredit of independent study to work on the staff. During the 1995spring semester, seven students took advantage of thisopportunity. At editor Eric Spery s suggestion, the Departmentalso hopes to offer a regular course on the Greyrock. Similar to theinternship on the Colorado Review designed for graduate students,the course would be an internship designed to teach studentsediting and publishing skills.The financial support that the English Department now provescomes at a crucial time for the Greyrock. While ASCSU continuesto support the magazine, its contribution is not enough to coverpublication costs. Funded in part by revenues raised from thepublication of New Voices, the Department s monetary supportgives Greyrock a more secure financial future. In fact, theDepartment s support gives Greyrock a future.The Greyrock is planning a reading in May, post-publication.While the reading will be a time to celebrate publication, it willalso be a time to look ahead. Shone hopes that in the future theGreyrock will return to being a magazine that is able to publishmore artwork, photography and music compositions than recentbudget constraints have allowed.The colors of the cover may change, but what remains thesame is the student-based staff.For the past 21 years, graduate students in the Colorado StateUniversity English Department have worked on the ColoradoReview selecting, proofreading, and editing short stories, poems,and book reviews. According to editor David Milofsky,the atmosphere is anything but stuffy and academic whenstudents are involved in the overall publication process and whenthey hold most of the editorial positions. Students give themagazine more life, he said. I like learning about publishing and editing, said BronwynShone, a copy editor on the review who is earning her MFA. Iwant to see what writers are doing out there. I get that by workingwith the slush pile. The Center for Literary Publishing has expanded itspublishing market by taking on two additional enterprises -- NewVoices and the Colorado Prize. New Voices is an anthology ofworks written by CSU graduate students and alumni. TheColorado Prize is an endeavor to publish a book of poems writtenby one author. Independent judges from around the nation willchoose the poet to be awarded the Colorado Prize this spring.Charles Simic, a Pulitzer Prize-winning-poet and professor at theUniversity of New Hampshire, will be the final judge. In essence,we are becoming our own publishing house, Erik Simon,managing editor of the review and a graduate student, said.The review has also increased its readership. It currently hasmore than 1,200 subscribers, 50 to 60 of those who are Friends,the review s donors. Last year, the review had 700 subscribers.The high quality of theColorado Review has attractedsome of the nation s best writers. It s astounding who we have inthe upcoming issue, Simon said.Works will appear by poetsJohn Ashbery, Marvin Bell,Gerald Stern, and Mark Strandand by fiction writer AlbertoRios.Three poemspublished in the ColoradoReview have won the 1995Best American PoetryAward, and three poemshave won the 1994/1995Pushcart Prize. I m very pleased with theway it s going, Milofsky said. We re getting tothe point where we have a respectable publication. Colorado State University5

From Water Psalms toNightlights in the Desertby amy holtIn her thesis entitled Water Psalms, Mary C. Ellisonhas immersed herself in images of water and a lushMidwestern landscape. How then did this Wisconsin nativefind herself spending the summer in the Sonoran desert?ArtsCorps.Ellison is a third year student in the MFA program atColorado State Universitywhere she first learned ofArtsCorps through theEnglish Department. Shewas chosen along with 22other artists of variousdisciplines from schoolsaround the country, toparticipate in thisinnovative program. ANational Endowment forthe Arts Programadministered by theNational Assembly ofLocal Arts Agencies,ArtsCorps was designed toMary Ellison (Photo by Davebring artists toBrooking)underserved communitiesand to create something of artistic value that benefits thesecommunities.The hope behind such a venture, as Ellison said is tohelp people realize that art is part of their daily lives andcan bring meaning to their daily lives; that art isn t sountouchable. Assigned to Catalina, Arizona, a town ofapproximately 5,000 just north of Tuscon, Ellison workedwith eight youth aged 14 -17, to compile an oral history ofthe community. She worked with youths in the past, butnever in the context of creating art. This was a way toconnect my past experience working with youth with myeducation at CSU as a poet, Ellison said. When asked whyArtsCorps interested her, Ellison responded by makingconnections between the power of storytelling shewitnessed as a child and the power of story-making sheexperiences now as an adult. Having grown up in a familythat loves to tell stories, I knew that being able to helpothers to tell and to write their stories would be fun,powerful, and exciting. To witness Ellison s enthusiasm inher voice and facial expressions you have no doubt it waspowerful. In the beginning this young group didn t thinkCatalina had a history and by the end of our seven weekstogether they had 40 pages of history and more of a senseof their roots, she said. The group began their summer6 The Freestoneproject with field trips to the Arizona Historical Society and theUniversity of Arizona History Museum in order to learn moreabout the Native Americans who first lived in the CatalinaMountains as well as the history of ranching and mining in thearea. From there, Ellison organized the group into a magazinestaff, each student having a specific job title and responsibility -from reporters and photographers to a managing editor.After teaching interviewing skills to this new staff, Ellisonset up interviews with 10 local residents. She and her young crewrecorded the stories of people who had lived in Catalina for 20years or more. They worked six hours a day, five days a week toassemble the stories of these individuals, local businesses, andsignificant events in the history of Catalina. Throughout theproject the young people were learning to tell their own storiesand to value them. For Ellison, this transformation was one of thehighlights of this project.One of the biggest challenges Ellison described was how hardit was for the group to imagine the finished product as theycollected and compiled the information. The project really startedto take shape when, with the help of the local newspaper editor,the group discussed and planned the layout for the magazine. Thearticles were edited and titled; photos were chosen. Their visionsstarted to become tangible.When the publication came back from the printer the groupwas surprised and delighted with the professional quality of theirbooklet. Nightlights In The Desert: A History of Catalina waspresented to the community with a party and a mock newscastperformed by the young writers. Through this project, Ellisonsaid, these kids were better able to understand and appreciatetheir community and to realize that they had something to give totheir own community. They had done something important and itmade a difference. Many of the people interviewed came to the celebrationwhich turned into a reunion of sorts for older residents. Thisproject helped to build some bridges -- among the young crewworking together and the older people who were reunited by ourefforts. The youth realized that the older generations held storiesworth telling and the older people realized that the young wouldlisten. Despite record-breaking temperatures and aridity, somethingplanted and tended by hands young and old grew and blossomedin Catalina last summer. The history of a small but growing townwas recorded, shared, and celebrated with the birth of NightlightsIn The Desert.(Editor's Note: Due to the Republican-led Congress, fundingfor ArtsCorps has been denied.)

The Foundation of the A:125 Years of the Three Rsby shelley a. widhalmOn December 12, 1923, Colorado State University studentswere not academically qualified, the College ended up functioningwere on a special holiday, and they were checked by roll call.as a preparatory school to train the students to avail themselvesThey had an assignment, not an easy one, since they spent fromof college teaching, James Hansen, a CSU history professor, said.9:30 a.m. until 3:00 p.m.In 1885, Elizabeth G. Belltoiling in the sun, cleaning outwas the first person hired to teachunderbrush, and moving rocks.English. She also taught history,They were clearing a site formodern language, andthe A. composition to freshmen. TheThe A stands for Aggie,next year, she resigned onbut what does the A have toaccount of ill health and wasdo with Colorado Statereplaced by Maud Bell.University?According to James Work, a CSUOn Feb. 11, 1870,English professor, the StateGovernor Edward McCookAgricultural College was serioussigned a bill to designate Fortabout the matter of English, sinceCollins as the site of a landit required students to pass angrant college to be called theentrance exam in grammar andState Agricultural College ofrhetoric, to take penmanship, andColorado. To reaffirm Fortto write compositions for eachCollins right to the college, inclass.November 1874 the ClaimThe name of the CollegeShanty was erected on thechanged as its identity changed.northeast corner of what is nowThe State Agricultural College ofSouth College Avenue andColorado soon became known asLaurel Street.Colorado Agricultural College, orIn 1876, when ColoradoCAC. In the 1930s, studentsjoined the Union as a state, theprotested that CAC did not fit theCollege became a statecollege s changing pedagogy, soinstitution. Two years later, thein 1935, the College was renamedfirst cornerstone of The Mainthe Colorado State College ofThe Beloved A (Photo by Dave Brooking)College Building was put inAgriculture and Mechanic Arts,place. The Old Main wasor Colorado A&M. Even whenrebuilt twice, each time closer to the railroad tracks that run alongon May 1, 1957 the General Assembly designated the College aswhat is now Mason Street. Three times a day, a chuggingColorado State University, the A still remained with us. It maylocomotive interrupted classes with its clanking cars and shrillappear as a vacuous letter on the side of a foothill, providing itswhistles. Students stopped whatever they were doing to cover their readers with little information. Or it can become a symbol forears or to scribble notes on wood desks until a cloud of coughingstories told about the past and for dreams of becoming. The A issmoke could be seen disappearing into the past. Once, while alike the train. The train appears and is, its cars clanking on thestudent in the College Drama Club was performing Hamlet stracks. The cars are something to be counted: one, two, three . . .famous soliloquy: To be . ," the train appeared. The studentuntil the guardrails rise and the flashing red lights still. The train isstood still, waiting in his is-ness, waiting while the traingone, but another train will appear. The endless play of trains cancontinued to be. The train disappeared. . or not to be, thebe counted on, just like th

Trimble Leaves Legacy (photo by David Lindstrom) of Change for CLA by jake hartvigsen This past spring, the College of Liberal Arts lost one of its pioneering women. Martha Trimble, a scholar in Western American literature and former professor of English composition, died on April 19, 1994, in

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