Split-time Artificial Insemination Programs For Beef Cows
April 19, 2018Split-time artificial inseminationprograms for beef cowsJohn R JaegerWestern Kansas Agricultural Research Center - Hays
Estrous Synchronization Enhance the use of artificial insemination Decrease / eliminate the time required for heatdetection Maximize the number of cows conceiving to artificialinsemination
Resources for estrous synchronization Many estrous synchronization protocols to choosefrom Many different company brand name hormonesavailable for estrous synchronization Beef Reproduction Task Force – Applied ReproductiveStrategies in Beef Cattle– https://beefrepro.unl.edu/
Applied Reproductive Strategiesin Beef Cattle
Applied Reproductive Strategiesin Beef Cattle
Estrus Synchronization HormonesControlled internal drug release impregnated with progesterone
Why add split-time breedingto a fixed-time protocol?Hill et al., 2016
Why add split-time breedingto a fixed-time protocol? Numerous studies have shown that 30% of cows donot show estrus by 66 h post-CIDR.– First service conception rate is Delaying fixed-time insemination for those cows notdisplaying estrus by 66 h may improve conceptionrate among those cows.
Treatment protocol to establish theimportance of injecting GnRHPGFTAI GnRH-2E GPGFTAIActive patch at 66 hE‒GGnRH-1CIDR-17 dBSPGFGnRH-2TAI-7 dBSL GPGF0TAI Non-active patch at 66 h65 hEstrous detection patches84 hL‒G
Treatment protocol to establish theimportance of injecting GnRH E G: Cows displayed estrus by 65 h,received GnRH and AI E – G: Cows displayed estrus by 65 h,received no GnRH and AI L G: Cows did not display estrus by 65 h,received GnRH and inseminated at 84 h L – G: Cows did not display estrus by 65 h,received no GnRH and inseminated at 84 h
First service conception rate (%)First service conception rate to fixed-timeAI at 65 or 84 h after CIDR removal8070605061.960.4aaGnRHNo GnRH41.740b3030.8c2010n 385n 373n 226n 2520Early (65 h)Late (84 h)
First service conception rate (%)Effect of estrus and GnRH on FSCR to fixed-timeAI at 84 h after CIDR removal807065.360aGnRH61.7No GnRHa504033.430b201015.0n 97n 103n 1460Estruscn 128No EstrusCows bred at 84 hours after CIDR
Discussion GnRH is not essential to achieve acceptable FSCR( 60%) when cows express estrus before AI at 65 h. For cows not in estrus by 65 h – GnRH was onlyeffective in improving FSCR for cows not displayingestrus by 84 h.– GnRH treatment of non-estrus cows increasedFSCR of those cows by 2
Conclusions GnRH injection at AI improved FSCR only in thosecows that were not detected in estrus before AI. Cows that displayed estrus, regardless of GnRHtreatment, had better FSCR than cows that did notdisplay estrus. The split-time AI program serves as a compromisebetween conventional AI after detecting estrus and astandard one fixed-time AI program.
Two split-time artificial insemination programs Two split-time treatment groups1. Cows in estrus bred at 55 h, non-estrus cowsreceived GnRH and bred at 75 h. (55 – 75 h)2. Cows in estrus bred at 65 h, non-estrus cowsreceived GnRH and bred at 85 h. (65 – 85 h)
Two split-time artificial insemination programs Four treatment response groups55 – 75 h1a. Cows in estrus at 55 h & AI (no GnRH)1b. Cows not in estrus at 55 h, received GnRH & AIat 75 h.65 – 85 h2a. Cows in estrus at 65 h & AI (no GnRH)2b. Cows not in estrus at 65 h, received GnRH & AIat 85 h.
Two split-time artificial insemination programsEstrus AIGnRHPGF55 – 75 hNo estrus GnRHTAICIDR‒7 d0d55 h65 hEstrus AINo estrus GnRHEstrous detection patches75 h85 h65 – 85 hTAI
Proportion of cows in estrus by 55, 65, 75 or 85 hafter removal of CIDR and injection of PGF2αEstrus P 0.001Parity P 0.125T P P 0.00665.361.445.5TrtP 0.001Parity P 0.045T P P 0.13768.374.8 77.253.528.522432830920155657585Hours after PGF2α
First service conception ratePregnancy rate at 36 d (%)100TrtP 0.002Parity P 0.067T P P 0.192908070.570PrimiparousMultiparous64.5 64.9605046.043.349.453.5 56.440302010223326302198758505565Hours after PGF2α
Final (end of breeding) pregnancy rateFinal pregnancy rate .1Multiparous93.973.892.780.8TrtP 0.058Parity P 0.001T P P 0.70822355326307199657585Hours after PGF2α
Conceived, %First service conception and final pregnancyrate by treatment (55 75 vs. 65 85 h)100908070605040302010055 7565 8557.790.092.053052562.8525FSCR524PR
Summary For cows in estrus by 55 or 65 h, pregnancy rate wasgreater compared to cows not in estrus and bred at75 or 85 h. For cows not in estrus by 55 or 65 h, but showedestrus by 75 or 85 h, pregnancy rate was greater forcows displaying estrus than for cows not showingestrus. Overall, (regardless of when estrus occurred) FSCRrate was greater for cows displaying estrus than forthose not showing estrus (67.3 vs. 42.7%).
Summary FSCR was greater for cows assigned to the 65 85 htreatment compared to cows assigned to the 55 75h treatment (62.8 vs. 57.7%, respectively). Final pregnancy rate was not different between the55 75 h and 65 85 h treatments (90.0 vs. 92.0 %,respectively).
Summary – “Cowboy math” (100 cows)FSCR: At 65/85 h Estrus – 67%; No estrus – 43%FTAI at 65 hSplit time AI at 65 85 h63 % in estrus at 65 h63 % in estrus at 65 h37 % not in estrus at 65 h63 estrus cows 67% FSCR 42 cows37 cows 76% estrus @ 85 h 28 cows28 cows 67% FSCR 19 cows9 no estrus cows 43% FSCR @ 85 h 4 cows37 % not in estrus at 65 h63 estrus cows 67% FSCR 42 cows37 no estrus cows 43% FSCR 16 cowsFSCR 58 cowsFSCR 65 cows7% increase for FSCR
Implications It is more economical to use estrus detection patchesand reduce the number of GnRH injections required. Allows for choice of semen and sire selection (cost)for cows detected in estrus (greater PR)– Cows not detected in estrus are placed in a splittime program and less expensive semen is utilized. Split-time insemination programs should result in agreater number of bred cows and recapture costsassociated with estrus synchronization.
J. R. Jaeger, PhD, PASBeef Cattle ScientistKansas State University Agricultural Research Center – Hays785-625-3425 x211jrjaeger@ksu.edu
Split-time artificial insemination programs for beef cows John R Jaeger Western Kansas Agricultural Research Center -Hays. April 19, 2018. . Beef Cattle Scientist Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center - Hays 785-625-3425 x211. jrjaeger@ksu.edu. Title: PowerPoint Presentation
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