UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) - Technology Introduction .
UMTS Long Term Evolution(LTE) - Technology IntroductionApplication NoteProducts: R&S SMU200A R&S FSW R&S SMBV100A R&S FSQ R&S SMJ100A R&S FSV R&S SMATE200A R&S FSG R&S AMU200A R&S TS8980 R&S AFQ100A/B R&S TSMW R&S EX-IQ-BOX R&S ROMES R&S WinIQSIM2 R&S FSH R&S CMW500C. Gessner, A. Roessler, M. KottkampJuly 2012, 1MA111 3ELTE Technology IntroductionEven with the introduction of HSPA, evolution ofUMTS has not reached its end. To ensure thecompetitiveness of UMTS for the next 10 yearsand beyond, UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE)has been introduced in 3GPP Release 8. LTE also known as Evolved UTRA and EvolvedUTRAN - provides new physical layer conceptsand protocol architecture for UMTS. Thisapplication note introduces LTE FDD and TDDtechnology and related testing aspects.
Table of ContentsTable of Contents4E1Introduction . 52Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution. 73LTE Downlink Transmission Scheme . 103.1OFDMA .103.2OFDMA parameterization .123.3Downlink data transmission.153.4Downlink control channels.163.4.1Resource Allocation Types in LTE .193.5Downlink reference signal structure and cell search .223.6Downlink Hybrid ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request).254LTE Uplink Transmission Scheme . 264.1SC-FDMA .264.2SC-FDMA parameterization .274.3Uplink data transmission.294.4Uplink control channel PUCCH.324.5Uplink reference signal structure .334.6Random access .354.7Uplink Hybrid ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request).365LTE MIMO Concepts . 385.1Downlink MIMO modes in LTE as of Release 8.395.2Channel State Information (CSI) .425.3Uplink MIMO.446LTE Protocol Architecture. 456.1System Architecture Evolution (SAE) .456.2E-UTRAN .456.3Layer 3 procedures .476.4Layer 2 structure .496.5Transport channels .516.6Logical channels .516.7Transport block structure (MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU)) .52Rohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 2
Table of Contents4E7UE capabilities. 548Voice and SMS in LTE . 558.1Solutions .559LTE Testing. 569.1General aspects.569.2LTE base station testing (enhanced NodeB, eNB).569.2.1Power amplifier design aspects.579.2.2eNB transmitter characteristics .589.2.3eNB receiver characteristics .649.2.4eNB performance aspects .669.2.5LTE test case wizard .689.2.6Overload testing .709.2.7LTE logfile generation – SMx-K81 .739.2.8Digital IQ interface – CPRI .739.3LTE terminal testing (User Equipment, UE).769.3.1Rohde & Schwarz CMW500 Wideband Radio Communication Tester .769.3.2LTE RF parametric testing.779.3.3Testing the physical layer of a LTE-capable device .809.3.4LTE UE protocol testing .849.3.5LTE UE conformance testing .869.3.5.1RF / RRM conformance.879.3.5.2Protocol conformance .909.3.5.3Network-operator specific testing .929.3.6Data throughput testing, End-to-end testing.939.3.6.1Maximum throughput testing.939.3.6.2CMW – Performance Quality Analysis (PQA) .949.3.6.3Data Application Unit (DAU).979.4Network deployment, optimization and maintenance .999.4.1Spectrum clearing .999.4.2LTE network deployment, optimization – Drive test solution.1009.4.3LTE base station maintenance.10210Abbreviations . 10411Additional Information. 107TMRohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 3
Table of Contents4E12Literature. 10813Ordering Information . 110Rohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 4
Introduction1 IntroductionMost of the UMTS networks worldwide have been already upgraded to High SpeedPacket Access (HSPA) in order to increase data rate and capacity for packet data.HSPA refers to the combination of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) andHigh Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). While HSDPA was introduced as a 3GPPRelease 5 feature, HSUPA is an important feature of 3GPP Release 6. However, evenwith the introduction of HSPA, evolution of UMTS has not reached its end. HSPA is asignificant enhancement in 3GPP Release 7, 8, 9 and even 10. Objective is to enhanceperformance of HSPA based radio networks in terms of spectrum efficiency, peak datarate and latency, and exploit the full potential of WCDMA based 5 MHz operation.Important Release 7 features of HSPA are downlink MIMO (Multiple Input MultipleOutput), higher order modulation for uplink (16QAM) and downlink (64QAM),improvements of layer 2 protocols, and continuous packet connectivity. Generallyspoken these features can be categorized in data-rate or capacity enhancementfeatures versus web-browsing and power saving features. With higher Release 8, 9and 10 capabilities like the combination of 64QAM and MIMO, up to four carrieroperations for the downlink (w/o MIMO), and two carriers operation for the uplink arenow possible. This increases downlink and uplink data rates up to theoretical peaks of168 Mbps and 23 Mbps, respectively. In addition the support of circuit-switchedservices over HSPA (CS over HSPA) has been a focus for the standardization body interms of improving HSPA functionality in Release 8. For further details and moreinformation on HSPA please take a look at [Ref. 12].However to ensure the competitiveness of UMTS for the next decade and beyond,concepts for UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) have been first time introduced in3GPP Release 8. Objectives are higher data rates, lower latency on the user plane andcontrol plane and a packet-optimized radio access technology. LTE is also referred toas E-UTRA (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) or E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTSTerrestrial Radio Access Network). Based on promising field trials, proving the conceptof LTE as described in the following sections, real life LTE deployments significantlyincreased from the start of the first commercial network in end 2009. As LTE offers alsoa migration path for 3GPP2 standardized technologies (CDMA2000 1xRTT and 1xEVDO) it can be seen as the true mobile broadband technology.This application note focuses on LTE/E-UTRA technology. In the following, the termsLTE, E-UTRA or E-UTRAN are used interchangeably. LTE has ambitious requirementsfor data rate, capacity, spectrum efficiency, and latency. In order to fulfill theserequirements, LTE is based on new technical principles. LTE uses new multiple accessschemes on the air interface: OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division MultipleAccess) in downlink and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division MultipleAccess) in uplink. Furthermore, MIMO antenna schemes form an essential part of LTE.In order to simplify protocol architecture, LTE brings some major changes to theexisting UMTS protocol concepts. Impact on the overall network architecture includingthe core network is referred to as 3GPP System Architecture Evolution (SAE).LTE includes an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) mode of operation and a TDD(Time Division Duplex) mode of operation. LTE TDD which is also referred to as TDLTE provides the long term evolution path for TD-SCDMA based networks. Thisapplication note gives an introduction to LTE technology, including both FDD and TDDmodes of operation.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 5
Introduction Chapter 2 outlines requirements for LTE.Chapter 3 describes the downlink transmission scheme for LTE.Chapter 4 describes the uplink transmission scheme for LTE.Chapter 5 outlines LTE MIMO concepts.Chapter 6 focuses on LTE protocol architecture.Chapter 7 introduces LTE device capabilities.Chapter 8 summarizes voice and SMS delivery via LTEChapter 9 explains test requirements for LTE.Chapters 10 - 13 provide additional information including literature references.For detailed information on LTE enhancements coming with 3GPP Release 9 pleasetake a look at [Ref. 14]. An introduction to LTE-Advanced (3GPP Release 10) isprovided in [Ref. 15].4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 6
Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution2 Requirements for UMTS Long TermEvolutionLTE is focusing on an optimum support of Packet Switched (PS) services. Mainrequirements for the design of an LTE system were identified in the beginning of thestandardization work on LTE in 2004 and have been captured in [Ref. 1]. They can besummarized as follows:Data Rate: Peak data rates target 100 Mbps (downlink) and 50 Mbps (uplink) for 20MHz spectrum allocation, assuming 2 receive antennas and 1 transmit antenna at theterminal.Throughput: Target for downlink average user throughput per MHz is 3-4 times betterthan 3GPP Release 6. Target for uplink average user throughput per MHz is 2-3 timesbetter than 3GPP Release 6.Spectrum Efficiency: Downlink target is 3-4 times better than 3GPP Release 6.Uplink target is 2-3 times better than 3GPP Release 6. The following table summarizesthe data rate and spectrum efficiency requirements set for LTE.Downlink (20 MHz)Uplink (20 equirement502.52x2 MIMO172.88.616QAM57.62.94x4 MIMO326.416.364QAM86.44.3Table 1: Data rate and spectrum efficiency requirements defined for LTELatency: User plane latency. The one-way transit time between a packet beingavailable at the IP layer in either the device or radio access network and the availabilityof this packet at IP layer in the radio access network/device shall be less than 30 ms.Test in a lab environment show that the time can be less than that [see Figure 1].Control plane latency. Also C-plane, that means the time it takes to transfer thedevice from a passive connection with the network (IDLE state) to an active connection(CONNECTED state) shall be further reduced, e.g. less than 100 ms to allow fasttransition times.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 7
Requirements for UMTS Long Term EvolutionFigure 1: PING test (about 12 ms) using Data Application Unit (DAU) in R&S CMW500 WidebandRadio Communication Tester while doing data end-to-end (E2E) testing for UMTS LTE (FDD)Bandwidth: LTE supports a subset of bandwidths of 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz.Interworking: Interworking with existing UTRAN/GERAN systems and non-3GPPspecified systems was ensured. Multimode terminals shall support handover to andfrom UTRAN and GERAN as well as inter-RAT measurements. Interruption time forhandover between E-UTRAN and UTRAN/GERAN shall be less than 300 ms for realtime services and less than 500 ms for non-real time services.Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (MBMS): MBMS shall be furtherenhanced and is then referred to as Enhanced-MBMS (E-MBMS). Note: Physical layeraspects for E-MBMS have been taken into account already in 3GPP Release 8, wherethe support by higher layers has been largely moved to 3GPP Release 9.Costs: Reduced CAPEX and OPEX including backhaul shall be achieved. Costeffective migration from 3GPP Release 6 UTRA radio interface and architecture shallbe possible. Reasonable system and terminal complexity, cost and power consumptionshall be ensured. All the interfaces specified shall be open for multi-vendor equipmentinteroperability.Mobility: The system should be optimized for low mobile speed (0-15 km/h), but highermobile speeds shall be supported as well including high speed train environment asspecial case.Spectrum allocation: Operation in paired (Frequency Division Duplex / FDD mode)and unpaired spectrum (Time Division Duplex / TDD mode) is possible.Co-existence: Co-existence in the same geographical area and co-location withGERAN/UTRAN shall be ensured. Also, co-existence between operators in adjacentbands as well as cross-border co-existence is a requirement.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 8
Requirements for UMTS Long Term EvolutionQuality of Service: End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) shall be supported. Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP) should be supported with at least as good radio andbackhaul efficiency and latency as voice traffic over the UMTS circuit switchednetworks.Network synchronization: Time synchronization of different network sites shall not bemandated.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 9
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeOFDMA3 LTE Downlink Transmission Scheme3.1 OFDMAThe downlink transmission scheme for E-UTRA FDD and TDD modes is based onconventional OFDM. In an OFDM system, the available spectrum is divided intomultiple carriers, called subcarriers. Each of these subcarriers is independentlymodulated by a low rate data stream. OFDM is used as well in WLAN, WiMAX andbroadcast technologies like DVB. OFDM has several benefits including its robustnessagainst multipath fading and its efficient receiver architecture.Figure 2 shows a representation of an OFDM signal taken from [Ref. 2]. In this figure, asignal with 5 MHz bandwidth is shown, but the principle is of course the same for theother E-UTRA bandwidths. Data symbols are independently modulated andtransmitted over a high number of closely spaced orthogonal subcarriers. In E-UTRA,downlink modulation schemes QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM are available.In the time domain, a guard interval is added to each symbol to combat inter-symbolinterference (ISI) due to channels delay spread. The delay spread is the time betweenthe symbol arriving on the first multi-path signal and the last multi-path signalcomponent, typically several µs dependent on the environment (i.e. indoor, rural,suburban, city center). The guard interval has to be selected in that way, that it isgreater than the maximum expected delay spread. In E-UTRA, the guard interval is acyclic prefix which is inserted prior to each OFDM symbol.Figure 2: Frequency-time representation of an OFDM Signal [Ref. 2]In practice, the OFDM signal can be generated using IFFT (Inverse Fast FourierTransform) digital signal processing. The IFFT converts a number N of complex datasymbols used as frequency domain bins into the time domain signal. Such an N-pointthIFFT is illustrated in Figure 3 where a(mN n) refers to the n subcarrier modulateddata symbol, during the time period mTu t (m 1)Tu.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 10
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeOFDMAmTutime(m 1)Tua(mN 0)mTua(mN 1)time(m 1)Tua(mN 2)sm(0), sm(1), sm(2), , sm(N-1)IFFT.sma(mN N-1)Figure 3: OFDM useful symbol generation using an IFFT [Ref. 2]The vector sm is defined as the useful OFDM symbol. It is the time superposition of theN narrowband modulated subcarriers. Therefore, from a parallel stream of N sourcesof data, each one independently modulated, a waveform composed of N orthogonalsubcarriers is obtained, with each subcarrier having the shape of a frequency sincfunction (see Figure 2).Figure 4 illustrates the mapping from a serial stream of QAM symbols to N parallelstreams, used as frequency domain bins for the IFFT. The N-point time domain blocksobtained from the IFFT are then serialized to create a time domain signal. The processof cyclic prefix insertion is not shown in Figure 4.QAM symbol rate N/T u symbols/secSource(s)QAMModulator1:NN symbolstreams1/T usymbol/secIFFTOFDMsymbols1/T usymbols/sN:1Useful OFDMsymbolsFigure 4: OFDM Signal Generation Chain [Ref. 2]In contrast to an OFDM transmission scheme, OFDMA allows the access of multipleusers on the available bandwidth. Each user is assigned a specific time-frequencyresource. As a fundamental principle of E-UTRA, the data channels are sharedchannels, i.e. for each transmission time interval (TTI) of 1 ms, a new schedulingdecision is taken regarding which users are assigned to which time/frequencyresources during this TTI.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 11
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeOFDMA parameterization3.2 OFDMA parameterizationTwo frame structure types are defined for E-UTRA: frame structure type 1 for FDDmode, and frame structure type 2 for TDD mode. The E-UTRA frame structures aredefined in [Ref. 3]. For the frame structure type 1, the 10 ms radio frame is divided into20 equally sized slots of 0.5 ms. A subframe consists of two consecutive slots, so oneradio frame contains ten subframes. This is illustrated in Figure 5.One radio frame, Tf 307200 Ts 10 msOne slot, Tslot 15360 Ts 0.5 ms#0#1#2#3#18#19One subframeFigure 5: Frame structure type 1 [Ref. 3]Ts (sampling time) is expressing the basic time unit for LTE, corresponding to asampling frequency of 30.72 MHz. This sampling frequency is given due to the definedsubcarrier spacing for LTE with f 15 kHz and the maximum FFT size to generate1the OFDM symbols of 2048 . Selecting these parameters ensures also simplifiedimplementation of multi-standard devices, as this sampling frequency is a multiple ofthe chiprate defined for WCDMA (30.72 MHz / 8 3.84 Mcps) and CDMA2000 1xRTT(30.72 MHz / 25 1.2288 Mcps).For the frame structure type 2, the 10 ms radio frame consists of two half-frames oflength 5 ms each. Each half-frame is divided into five subframes of each 1 ms, asshown in Figure 6 below. All subframes which are not special subframes are definedas two slots of length 0.5 ms in each subframe. The special subframes consist of thethree fields DwPTS (Downlink Pilot Timeslot), GP (Guard Period), and UpPTS (UplinkPilot Timeslot). These fields are already known from TD-SCDMA and are maintained inLTE TDD. DwPTS, GP and UpPTS have configurable individual lengths and a totallength of 1ms.One radio frame Tf 10 msOne half- frame Thf 5 msT 1 msSubframe #0Subframe #2 Subframe #3 Subframe #4 Subframe #5One subframe,Tsf 1 msOne slot,Tslot 0.5 msDwPTSSubframe #7 Subframe #8 Subframe #9GPUpPTSDwPTSGPUpPTSFigure 6: Frame structure type 2 (for 5 ms switch-point periodicity) [Ref. 3]14EfS 15 kHz * 2048 30.72 MHz 1/TSRohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 12
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeOFDMA parameterizationSeven uplink-downlink configurations with either 5 ms or 10 ms downlink-to-uplinkswitch-point periodicity are supported. In case of 5 ms switch-point periodicity, thespecial subframe exists in both half-frames. In case of 10 ms switch-point periodicitythe special subframe exists in the first half frame only. Subframes 0 and 5 and DwPTSare always reserved for downlink transmission. UpPTS and the subframe immediatelyfollowing the special subframe are always reserved for uplink transmission. Table 2shows the supported uplink-downlink configurations, where “D” denotes a subframereserved for downlink transmission, “U” denotes a subframe reserved for uplinktransmission, and “S” denotes the special ationSwitch-point-periodicitySubframe number012345678905 msDSUUUDSUUU15 msDSUUDDSUUD25 msDSUDDDSUDD310 msDSUUUDDDDD410 msDSUUDDDDDD510 msDSUDDDDDDD65 msDSUUUDSUUDTable 2: Uplink-Downlink configurations for LTE TDD [Ref. 3]There is always a special subframe when switching from DL to UL, which provides aguard period. Reason being is that all transmission in the UL from all the different UEsmust arrive at the same time at the base station receiver. When switching from UL toDL only the base station is transmitting so there is no guard period needed. Beside ULDL configuration there are also 9 special subframe configurations. Theseconfigurations are listed in [Ref. 3] and the length of the DwPTS, Guard Period (GP)and UpPTS is given in numbers of OFDM symbols. As it can be seen there aredifferent lengths for GP, which is necessary to support different cell size, up to 100 km.Normal cyclic prefix in downlinkSpecialUpPTSsubframeGuard Normal Extendedconfig. DwPTS PeriodcycliccyclicprefixExtended cyclic prefix in downlinkDwPTSUpPTSGuardNormalExtendedPeriod cyclic prefix cyclic prefixprefixin uplinkin 2693917102-8111-1212Table 3: Special Subframe configurations in TD-LTE4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 13
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeOFDMA parameterizationIt can be also extracted that downlink and uplink in TD-LTE can utilize different cyclicprefixes, which is different from LTE FDD. Figure 7 shows the structure of the downlinkresource grid for both FDD and TDD.Figure 7: Downlink Resource grid [Ref. 3]In the frequency domain, 12 subcarriers form one Resource Block (RB). With asubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz a RB occupies a bandwidth of 180 kHz. The number ofresource blocks, corresponding to the available transmission bandwidth, is listed forthe six different LTE bandwidths in Table 4.Channel bandwidth [MHz]1.435101520Number of resource blocks615255075100Table 4: Number of resource blocks for different LTE bandwidths (FDD and TDD) [Ref. 4]4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 14
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeDownlink data transmissionTo each OFDM symbol, a cyclic prefix (CP) is appended as guard time, compareFigure 2. One downlink slot consists of 6 or 7 OFDM symbols, depending on whetherextended or normal cyclic prefix is configured, respectively. The extended cyclic prefixis able to cover larger cell sizes with higher delay spread of the radio channel, butreduces the number of available symbols. The cyclic prefix lengths in samples and sare summarized in Table 5.ConfigurationResourceblock sizeNRBsymbNumberofSymbolsNDLCyclic prefixlength insamplesCyclic prefixlength in s160 for first symbol5.2 s for first symbol144 for other symbols4.7 s for other symbols51216.7 ssymbNormal cyclic prefixf 15kHz127Ext. cyclic prefixf 15kHz126Table 5: Downlink frame structure parameterization (FDD and TDD) [Ref. 3]With a sampling frequency of 30.72 MHz 307200 samples are available per radioframe (10 ms) and thus 15360 per time slot (0.5 ms). Due to the maximum FFT sizeeach OFDM symbol consists of 2048 samples. With usage of normal cyclic prefixseven OFDM symbols are available or 7*2048 14336 samples per time slot. Theremaining 1024 samples are the basis for cyclic prefix. It has been decided that thefirst OFDM symbol uses a cyclic prefix length of 160 samples, where the remaining sixOFDM symbols using a cyclic prefix length of 144 samples. Multiplying the sampleswith the sampling time TS, results in the cyclic prefix length in µs.Please note that for E-MBMS another cyclic prefix of 33.3 µs is defined for a differentsubcarrier spacing of f 7.5 kHz in order to have a much larger cell size.3.3 Downlink data transmissionData is allocated to a device (User Equipment, UE) in terms of resource blocks, i.e.one UE can be allocated integer multiples of one resource block in the frequencydomain. These resource blocks do not have to be adjacent to each other. In the timedomain, the scheduling decision can be modified every transmission time interval of 1ms. All scheduling decisions for downlink and uplink are done in the base station(enhanced NodeB, eNodeB or eNB). The scheduling algorithm has to take into accountthe radio link quality situation of different users, the overall interference situation,Quality of Service requirements, service priorities, etc. and is a vendor-specificimplementation. Figure 8 shows an example for allocating downlink user data todifferent users (UE 1 – 6).The user data is carried on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). ThePDSCH(s) is the only channel that can be QPSK, 16QAM or 64QAM modulated.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 15
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeDownlink control channelsFigure 8: OFDMA time-frequency multiplexing (example for normal cyclic prefix)3.4 Downlink control channelsThe Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) serves a variety of purposes.Primarily, it is used to convey the scheduling decisions to individual UEs, i.e.scheduling assignments for downlink and uplink.The PDCCH is located in the first OFDM symbols of a subframe. For frame structuretype 2, PDCCH can also be mapped onto the first two OFDM symbols of DwPTS field.An additional Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) carried on specificresource elements in the first OFDM symbol of each subframe is used to indicate thenumber of OFDM symbols used for the PDCCH (1, 2, 3, or 4 symbols are possible).PCFICH is needed because the load on PDCCH can vary, depending on the numberof users in a cell and the signaling formats conveyed on PDCCH. The number ofsymbols that are used to carry the PDCCH are also dependent on the configuredbandwidth, so for example for a 1.4 MHz the minimum number of symbols is alwaystwo, at maximum 4 whereas for a 10 MHz channel the minimum is only one symbol,but the maximum is three OFDM symbols. Figure 9 visualizes this with the help of theOFDMA time plan available on all Rohde & Schwarz signal generator products, in thisparticular case using the R&S SMU200A Vector Signal Generator.4ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 16
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeDownlink control channelsFigure 9: Number of OFDM symbols used for PDCCH are depending on bandwidthThe information carried on PDCCH is referred to as downlink control information(DCI). Depending on their purpose different formats of DCI are defined. Table 6 showsthe DCI formats and there purposes as they are defined in 3GPP Release 8.DCIFormatContent and Tasks0Scheduling of PUSCH1Scheduling of one PDSCH codewordAllocationType used20, 11ACompact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword and random accessprocedure initiated by a PDCCH order21BCompact scheduling of one PDSCH code word with pre-coding21CVery compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword, RACH responseand dynamic BCCH scheduling21DCompact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword with precoding and poweroffset information222A33AScheduling PDSCH to UE’s configured in closed-loop spatialmultiplexing mode0, 1Scheduling PDSCH to UE’s configured in open loop spatial multiplexingmode0 ,1Transmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bitpower adjustments-Transmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with single bitpower adjustments-Table 6: DCI formats carried on PDCCH as defined in 3GPP Release 84ERohde & Schwarz LTE Technology Introduction 17
LTE Downlink Transmission SchemeDownlink control channelsAs an example, the contents of DCI format 1 are shown in Table 7. DCI format 1 isused for the assignment of a downlink shared channel resource when no spatialmultiplexing is used (i.e. the scheduling information is provided for one code wordonly). The information provided contains every
Data Rate: Peak data rates target 100 Mbps (downlink) and 50 Mbps (uplink) for 20 MHz spectrum allocation, assuming 2 receive antennas and 1 transmit antenna at the terminal. Throughput: Target for downlink average user throughput per MHz is 3-4 times better than 3GPP Release 6. Target for uplink average user throughput per MHz is 2-3 times
Apr 05, 2017 · Cisco 4G LTE and Cisco 4G LTE-Advanced Network Interface Module Installation Guide Table 1 Cisco 4G LTE NIM and Cisco 4G LTE-Advanced NIM SKUs Cisco 4G LTE NIM and Cisco 4G LTE-Advanced NIM SKUs Description Mode Operating Region Band NIM-4G-LTE-LA Cisco 4G LTE NIM module (LTE 2.5) for LATAM/APAC carriers. This SKU is File Size: 2MBPage Count: 18Explore furtherCisco 4G LTE Software Configuration Guide - GfK Etilizecontent.etilize.comSolved: 4G LTE Configuration - Cisco Communitycommunity.cisco.comCisco 4G LTE Software Configuration Guide - Ciscowww.cisco.comCisco 4G LTE-Advanced Configurationwww.cisco.com4G LTE Configuration - Cisco Communitycommunity.cisco.comRecommended to you b
Samsung Galaxy S4 Active with LTE Samsung Galaxy Note LTE / Note II LTE / Note 3 LTE Samsung Galaxy ACE 3 LTE Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 LTE / Note 8.0 with LTE Samsung Galaxy Mega 6.3 with LTE . 5 Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 10.1 LTE / Tab 3 7.0 LTE Sony Xperia V / Z / SP / Z Ultra / Z1
TD-HSDPA/HSUPA: 2.8Mbps DL, 2.2Mbps UL EDGE: Multi Slot Class 12 236.8 kbps DL & UL GPRS: Multi Slot Class 10 85.6 kbps DL & UL Frequency Bands: LTE Band B1 (2100MHz) LTE Band B2 (1900MHz) LTE Band B3 (1800MHz) LTE Band B4 - AWS (1700MHz), LTE Band B5 (850MHz), LTE Band B7 (2600MHz) LTE Band B8 (900MHz) LTE Band B12 (700MHz) LTE
Cisco 819 Series 4G LTE ISRs, Cisco C880 Series 4G LTE ISRs, and Cisco C890 Series 4G LTE ISRs also support integrated 4G LTE wireless WAN. Cisco 4G LTE EHWICs and Cisco 800 Series 4G LTE ISRs support the following 4G/3G modes: † 4G LTE—4G LTE mobile specificati
UMTS FDD (W-CDMA) UMTS Release 4 (2001) Separation of user data flows and control mechanisms, UMTS TDD Time Division CDMA (TD-CDMA), zHigh data rate with UMTS TDD 3 84 Mchips /s z High data rate with UMTS TDD 3. 84, z Narrowband TDD with 1.28 Mchips/s, Position location functionality. Mobile Communication Wireles
Call admission control in LTE is presented in section 4, and section 5 concludes the paper. 2.Method 2.1 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is one of the wireless broadband technologies that focused on QoS provision for different users. Long Term Evolution (LTE) is an evolving wireless standard
Universal Small Cell 8738 Band 2/4 Dual-mode UMTS and LTE FDD small cell. Supports 32 3G/HSPA channels, up to 64 active LTE users, 250 mw peak transmit per band class, 2x2 MIMO for LTE, Rx Diversity for UMTS. Band 2/4 USC8738-E24-K9 Universal Small Cell 8738 Band 1/7 Dual-mode UMTS and LTE FDD small cell. Supports 32 3G/HSPA
ETSI is the copyright holder of LTE, LTE-Advanced and LTE Advanced Pro and 5G Logos. LTE is a trade mark of ETSI. Grandmetric is authorized to use the LTE, LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro and 5G logos and the acronym LTE. All information that will be discussed is provided "as is" and Grandmetric gives no guarantee or warranty that the information
