Electricity - Prince Edward Island
ElectricityLeaders’ GuidePrince Edward Island 4-H
This Leader’s Project Guide is a joint effort of thePrince Edward Island Department of Agricultureand the Prince Edward Island 4-H Council.Material for this project book was adapted from theManitoba 4-H Electricity Project. We would like to thankManitoba 4-H for sharing this resource with us.Printed 20072
4-H Pledge4-H MottoI pledgeMy HEAD to clearer thinkingMy HEART to greater loyaltyMy HANDS to larger serviceMy HEALTH to better livingFor my club, my community and my country.Learn to do bydoing.ELECTRICITYAchievement Day RequirementsElectrical GadgetSimple Electrical Circuit (mounted on wood)A Parallel Circuit (mounted on wood)A Series Circuit (mounted on wood)40202020100 MarksYou mustcomplete all ofthe listedaspects in orderto show at Fairsand Exhibitions.Exhibition RequirementElectrical Gadget(must be strong enough to laston the summer’s exhibition circuit)Project Meeting 1: What is electricity?Project Meeting 5: Control the Flowelectricity is the movement of electronsswitcheshow electrical charges workunderstanding through static electricity Project Meeting 6: Complications forImprovementProject Meeting 2: Play it safeseries circuitselectrical safetyparallel circuitscircuitry diagramsProject Meeting 3: Energy Flowdifferent source of energyProject Meetings 7 & 8: Putting It Allbasics of an electric circuitTogetherdesign an electricalProject Meeting 4: A Simple ElectricgadgetCircuitbuild an electricalcompleting an electric circuitgadgetunderstanding insulators andtest an electricalconductorsgadget3
Electricity Leader’s GuideINTRODUCTIONElectricity figures everywhere in our daily lives, it lights up our homes, cooks our food, powers our computers,television sets, and other electronic devices. Electricity from batteries keeps our cars running and makes ourflashlights shine in the dark.Here’s something you can do to see the importance of electricity. Take a walk through your house or farmand take note of all the different appliances, devices and machines that use electricity. You’ll be amazed athow many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.In this project, you will discover how electricity works and how we harness its power to work for us. There areactivities and tips throughout this book on how to make this a great “learn to do by doing” project. This projectrequires a minimum of 8 project meetings to complete. Of course each project group can always explore theworld of electricity further by creating more adventures.In this project, members will learn, through a hands-on approach, how electricity works. Theproject meetings are designed to engage the members in the discovery process. It is important tostress to members that we can learn as much from our mistakes as from our successes in theexperimenting and design processes. The final project meetings have members putting their newfound knowledge to use. This project is written with the expectation that the project leader(s) willhave a basic knowledge of how electricity works (it does not require a certified electrician!). If thisis not the case, you may need to do some pre-work or research on the activities or recruitassistance for certain sections to avoid frustrations. Success will occur if the member has followed the projectmeetings as set out in this guide and at each step undergone at least a minimum amount of self evaluation.Success:You are encouraged to do all the activities, but they are not mandatory. Substitutions of activities to teachthe material are certainly welcome.The Internet has lots of interesting websites and educational activities on electricity. If this is of interest toyou, use a search engine to explore key words such as "electricity".It is a good idea to read this Leader's Guide from beginning to end before you begin teaching the project.One meeting builds on the next and knowing what is coming is useful for collection of supplies, messagesto the members for the needs of the next meeting and to keep your eyes open for final project ideas.Safety must be modeled, promoted and practices, as a quality experience is a safe experience.4
Project Meeting 1WHAT IS ELECTRICITYScience Background for LeadersWhere Does the Word “Electricity” Come From?Electrons, electricity, electronic and other words that begin with "electr." all originate from the Greek word"elektor," meaning "beaming sun." In Greek, "elektron" is the word for amber. Amber is a very pretty yellowishbrown "stone" that sparkles orange and yellow in sunlight. Amber is actually fossilized tree sap. AncientGreeks discovered that amber behaved oddly - like attracting feathers - when rubbed by fur or other objects.They didn't know what it was that caused this phenomenon. But the Greeks had discovered one of the firstexamples of static electricity. The Latin word, electricus, means to "produce from amber by friction." So, weget our English word electricity from Greek and Latin words that were about amber.What is Electricity?In simple terms, electricity can be described as free electrons (subatomic particles) moving from one atom toanother inside a conductor, such as wire or an electrical cable. We know when it is working, but it is hard toknow exactly what it is. Before we can understand electricity, we need to learn about atoms.What are Atoms?Everything is made of atoms—every star, every tree, every animal. Even you and I are made of atoms. Theair and water are, too. Atoms are the building blocks of the universe. Scientists so far have found only 115different kinds of atoms. An atom looks like the sun with the planets spinning around it. The center is calledthe nucleus. It is made of tiny protons and neutrons. Electrons move around the nucleus in clouds, orshells, far from the nucleus. When an atom is in balance, it has the same number of protons and electrons. Itcan have a different number of neutrons. Electrons stay in their shells because a special force holds themthere. Protons and electrons are attracted to each other. We say protons have a positive charge ( ) and theelectrons have a negative charge (-). Opposite charges attract each other.Have you ever rubbed a balloon over your head? Did your hair stand straight up on your head? If so, yourubbed electrons off the balloon. The electrons moved into your hair from the balloon. They tried to get faraway from each other. They moved to the ends of your hair. They pushed against each other and made yourhair move— they repelled each other.A charged object will also attract something that is neutral. Think about how you can make aballoon stick to the wall. If you charge a balloon by rubbing it on your hair, it picks up extraelectrons and has a negative charge. Holding it near a neutral object will make the charges inthat object move. If it is a conductor, many electrons move easily to the other side, as far fromthe balloon as possible. If it is an insulator, the electrons in the atoms and molecules can onlymove very slightly to one side, away from the balloon. In either case, there are more positivecharges closer to the negative balloon. The balloon sticks. (At least until the electrons on theballoon slowly leak off.) It works the same way for neutral and positively charged objects.The same applies in winter with a toque and our dry hair. When you pull your toque off, it rubs against yourhair. Electrons move from your hair to the toque. Each of your hairs now has the same positive charge.Things with the same charge repel each other. So the hairs try to move away from each other. The farthestthey can get is to stand up and away from all the other hairs. Moving electrons is called electricity. Using thecommon example of the charged balloon or the flyaway hair will help bring this concept to life for members.Key Objectives Highlighted by this Project MeetingBy the end of this meeting, members should be able to:understand the concept of electricity through using the examples of static electricity5
Please note, you are not required to do all the Zappit Zone activities. Do at least 2 - 3 activitiesso members can gain an understanding of what electricity is. Feel free to substitute withactivities of your own.Zappit Zone 1: What's Your Charge?Scotch tape can gain or lose negatively charged electrons when you stick it to a surface and rip it off. Aplastic comb will enable you to identify whether the pieces of tape are positively or negatively charged.Required Materials4 plastic drinking straws with flexible ends.2 plastic 35 mm film canistersModeling clay (Enough to fill the film canisters halfway)A roll of 3-M Scotch Magic Tape, 3/4 inch (2 cm) width. (Note: Don't substitute the tape with otherbrands of tape the first time you try. Once you know what to expect, you can experiment with othertapes.)A plastic combHair or a piece of wool cloth.1. Press enough modeling clay into each of the film canisters to fill them halfway to the top.2. Press the inflexible ends of two drinking straws into the clay in each can, and bend the flexible ends toform horizontal arms that extend in opposite directions. The heights of the straws should be the same.3. Tear off two, 4 inch (10 cm) pieces of tape.4. Press each piece firmly to a tabletop or other flat surface, leaving one end of each tape sticking up as ahandle.5. Quickly pull the tapes from the table.6. Stick one piece on an arm of a straw in one film canister.7. Stick the other piece on an arm of a straw in the other film canister.8. Move the canisters so that the two tapes are face to face, about 6 inches (15 cm) apart.9. Move the cans closer together. The two tapes should repel each other.10. Tear off two more pieces of tape and press the sticky side of one against the smooth side of the other,leaving one end of each tape sticking out as a handle.11. Quickly pull the tapes apart and stick them to the two remaining arms. Bring the arms close together.Notice that these two tapes attract each other.12. Run the comb through your hair, or rub the comb with the wool cloth.13. Hold the comb near the dangling tapes. The comb repels the piece of tape whose smooth side was in themiddle of the "sandwich" and attracts the tape whose sticky side was in the middle. When you hold thecomb near the tapes pulled from the flat surface, the comb will repel both tapes if they were pulled from aFormica tabletop; the comb may attract tapes pulled from other surfaces.14. Continue to experiment by pulling other kinds of tape from various surfaces or rubbing various objectstogether and then bringing the tape or objects near the tapes on the arms. Bring your hand near the tapesand notice what happens.What’s Going On?When you rip the two pieces of tape off the table, there is a tug-of-war for electric chargesbetween each piece of tape and the table. The tape either steals negative charges(electrons) from the table or leaves some of its own negative charges behind, depending onwhat the table is made of (a positive charge doesn't move in this situation). In any case, bothpieces of tape end up with the same kind of charge, either positive or negative. Since likecharges repel, the pieces of tape repel each other. When the tape sandwich is pulled apart,one piece rips negative charges from the other. One piece of tape therefore has extranegative charges. The other piece, which has lost some negative charges, now has anoverall positive charge. Since opposite charges attract, the two tapes attract each other. When you run a6
plastic comb through your hair, the comb becomes negatively charged. Tapes repelled by the comb have netnegative charge, and tapes attracted by the comb either have net positive charge or are uncharged. You mayhave found that your hand attracts both positively and negatively charged tapes. Your body is usuallyuncharged, unless you have acquired a charge -- by walking across a carpet, for example. An unchargedobject attracts charged objects. When you hold your hand near a positively charged tape, the tape attractselectrons in your body. The part of your body nearest the tape becomes negatively charged, while a positivecharge remains behind on the rest of your body. The positive tape is attracted to the nearby negative chargesmore strongly than it is repelled by the more distant positive charges, and the tape moves toward your hand.Zappit Zone 2: Triboelectric SeriesWe often think that "static electricity is caused by friction." This is not quite right. While friction sometimesplays a secondary role in surface charging, it’s the contact and the electron-stealing which are the keyprocesses. Static electricity is caused by the charge imbalance created by contact and peeling. Staticelectricity is not an invisible substance called "static." Instead, we are creating an imbalance between thequantities of negative and positive charges which were already there in the matter. Once they are separated,it's not necessary that the charges remain "static" upon the surfaces. The charge does not need to remainunmoving. It's not the static-ness of the charge that creates all the interesting effects, it's the imbalancing andseparation of the plus and minus.When we rub two different materials together, which becomes positively charged and which becomesnegative? Friction aids the charging effect, but friction does not create it. Scientists have ranked materials inorder of their ability to hold or give up electrons. This ranking is called the triboelectric series. A list of somecommon materials is shown here. Under ideal conditions, if two materials are rubbed together, the one higheron the list should give up electrons and become positively charged. You can experiment with things on thislist for yourself.Human Hands ---- Most Positive (greatest tendency to give up electrons and become highly )Rabbit Fur (often used to create static electricity)Glass (the dust on the TV screen is an example)Human Hair (flyaway hair is the result of a charge)NylonWoolAluminum (only gives up some electrons)Paper (very little charge)Cotton --- Neutral (best for non-static clothes)Steel ----Neutral (can't be used to create static electricity)Wood -- almost neutralNickelCopperPolyester (clothes have static cling)Styrene (Styrofoam) (seems to stick to everything)Saran (why saran wrap sticks)Polyvinylchloride plastic(PVC) (becomes quite a collector of static)Teflon ----- Most Negative chargeWhat's going on?To create the best sources of static electricity would be to use one from the positive charge and one from thenegative charge list. Have the members experiment with rubbing different materials together and judge whatcreates the best static electricity. In ideal circumstances, it should be a combination from the top and thebottom of the list.7
Zappit Zone 3: Electrical FleasRequired MaterialsA sheet of acrylic plastic (like plexiglass) (about 30 cm square and 3 mm thick)A piece of wool cloth or fur4 supports about 2.5 to 5 cm high (Salmon or tuna cans work).A large piece of white paper, 11 x 17 inches (28 x 43 cm).Tiny bits of puffed wheat or rice cereal, or styrofoam packing chips work well.1. Put the piece of paper on the table.2. Place the supports on the paper beneath the four corners of the plastic.3. Scatter the tiny bits of Styrofoam or cereal under the plastic. (You can set this assembly up on anytabletop.)4. Charge the plastic by rubbing it vigorously with the piece of wool cloth or fur.5. Watch the "fleas" dance!6. Try different types of material for charging the plastic, including your hand; experiment with othermaterials for fleas; and try the plastic at different heights.What’s Going On?Both the plastic and the fleas start out electrically neutral. That is, they have an equal number of positive andnegative charges. When you rub the plastic with the wool cloth, the cloth transfers negative charges to theplastic. These negative charges polarize the fleas, attracting the positive charges to the tops of the fleas andpushing the negative charges to the bottoms of the fleas. The attraction between the negative plastic and thepositive charge concentrated on the top of the fleas makes the fleas jump up to the underside of the plastic.When a flea actually touches the plastic, some of the plastic's negative charge flows to the flea. The top ofthe flea becomes electrically neutral. But since the whole flea was originally neutral, the flea now has someexcess negative charge. The negatively charged flea and the negatively charged plastic repel each otherstrongly, which causes the flea to jump quickly back to the table. As the flea's excess negative charge slowlydrains away to the tabletop, or to the air, the flea again becomes neutral and is ready to jump up to the plasticonce more.Zappit Zone 4: Electrifying BreakfastRequired MaterialsPlastic comb or balloonThreadPieces of dry O-shaped cereal1. Tie a piece of the cereal to one end of a 30 cm length of thread.2. Find a place to attach the other end so that the cereal does not hang close to anything else. (Like tapingthe thread to the edge of a table).3. Wash the comb to remove any oils and dry it well.4. Charge the comb by running it through long, dry hair several times, or rubbing the comb on a woolsweater.5. Slowly bring the comb near the cereal. It will swing to touch the comb. Hold it still until the cereal jumpsaway by itself.6. Try to touch the comb to the cereal again. It will move away as the comb approaches. A static chargeballoon can substitute for the comb.What’s Going On?Combing your hair moved electrons from your hair to the comb. The comb had a negative charge. Theneutral cereal was attracted to it. When they touched, electrons slowly moved from the comb to the cereal.Now both objects had the same negative charge, and the cereal was repelled.8
Zappit Zone 5: Bending Water to Your WillMaterials RequiredA plastic comb or balloonA sink and water faucet.1. Turn on the faucet so that the water runs out in a small, steady stream, about the thickness of a pencil.2. Charge the comb by running it through long, dry hair several times, or rubbing the comb on a woolsweater.3. Slowly bring the comb near the water and watch the water "bend."This project can also be done with a balloon.What’s Going On?The neutral water was attracted to the charged comb, and moved towards it.Zappit Zone 6: Light Up My LifeMaterials RequiredPlastic comb or balloonA dark roomFluorescent light bulb (not an incandescent bulb) (Handle the glass light bulb with care to avoid breakage.The bulb can be wrapped in transparent tape to reduce the chance of injury if it does break.)1. Take the light bulb and comb into the dark room.2. Charge the comb by running it through long, dry hair several times, or rubbing the comb on a woolsweater. Make sure to build up a lot of charge for this experiment.3. Touch the charged part of the comb to the light bulb and watch very carefully. You should be able to seesmall sparks. Experiment with touching different parts of the bulb.This project can also be done with a charged balloon. It is very neat but needs a lot of charge to work.However for safety reasons, never consider applying a charge from a stronger electrical source than staticelectricity.What’s Going On?When the charged comb touched the bulb, electrons moved from it to the bulb, causing the small sparks oflight inside. In normal operation, the electrons to light the bulb come from the electrical power lines through awire in the end of the tube.Zappit Zone 7: Battle ZoneMaterials RequiredScotch tape1. Pull a couple of 20cm strips of tape from the roll.2. Hold the tape up by its ends so they hang downwards.3. Slowly bring them side by side. Notice that they repel each other. If you try to force the dangling lengthsof tape to touch together, they'll swerve and dance to stop you.4. Stick the strips to a door jamb and on a dry day they will keep repelling each other for several minutesand will “attack" anyone who passes through the door. Obviously the tape has become electricallycharged.What's Going On?Electricity at work - positive and negative charges attracting and repelling. After several experiments, themembers should be able to understand that electricity is based on the movement of positive protons andnegative electrons.9
Project Meeting 2WHAT IS ELECTRICITYScience Background for LeadersRules for electrical safety around the house:never put your finger or anything metal in an electrical outletnever touch an electrical appliance or switch when your hands are wetnever have electrical appliances plugged in nearby when you are taking a bathnever put your finger in a light socketnever use appliances that have frayed or exposed wiresnever run the wires of appliances under rugs or across large open spacesdo not leave heat-generating appliances (i.e. irons) on or plugged in when not in usedo not overload outlets with too many plugsuse safety covers on outlets if young children are aroundSafety during storms with lightning:if outdoors, do not stand near a tree or polecrouch down if you are in an open fielddo not touch anything made of metalif indoors, stay away from windows and doorsdo not use electrical appliancesstay away from tubs and sinksuse the telephone only for emergenciesChildren should not be working with electricity. Adults working with electricity shoulduse these safety tips.Always without fail turn off the power source before working on an electrical circuit and then double checkby testing that the power is off. For example, if it is house wiring, turn off the power at the main electricalservice panel before working on electrical circuitry. Check the circuit with a voltage tester to be sure it ispowerless.If it is a battery operated device or vehicle, disconnect and/or remove the battery.If it is an electrical appliance or tool, pull the plug out of the wall socket. If it is a piece of machinery,disconnect from the tractor and /or power take off.Use a wooden or fibreglass ladder (insulator) not a metal one (conductor).Never work with electricity while standing on a damp or wet floor or earth.Be sure the electrical circuit is protected by a ground fault circuit interrupter.Key Objectives Highlighted by this Project MeetingBy the end of this meeting, members should know basic electrical safety rules.10
Zappit Zone 1: Staying Safe With ElectricityThis crossword can be copied and circulated to your project members to complete as a Zappit Zone activity.11
Zappit Zone 2: Electricity Can Shock, Burn or Kill YouElectricity flows through water almost as easily as it flows through the wire that brings electricity to yourhouse. Your body is 70% water. Therefore, touching electricity will cause it to flow through you, and you willbe badly hurt. The amperage of the electric current and length of time you’re in contact with it determine theinjury.Ask your project members the following questions 1) If it takes 1 amp to light a 100 watt light bulb, how many milliamps would be needed? 1000 milliamps2) How many milliamps would be needed to operate a 1000-watt appliance? 10,000 milliamps3) From looking at the chart, what would likely happen to a person who accidentally touched 1 amp ofelectricity? It would likely be fatal.Zappit Zone 3: Home Safety Check-UpAs a group, you may want to do a Home Safety Check-Up of a house – focusing on all or sections of thisHome Safety Check-Up. The chart and suggestions for the Home Safety Check can be found on thefollowing pages.12
The Do-It-YouselfHome Safety NoAre wattages of light bulbsthe same as recommended wattages indicated on fixture sockets?NO - An oversized bulb, one of too high wattage may cause a fire if it overheats that fixture.SOLUTION - Replace it with the correct wattage oBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoDoes the fabric or material onthe fixture covering or shade look okay - not scorched or burnt?NO - Material touching or too close to a hot light bulb can overheat and cause a fire.SOLUTION - Replace the covering or shade with one of a larger oBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre all light bulbs in fixturesin operating condition - not broken or cracked?NO - When the glass bulb is broken, exposing electrical conductive parts, a shock hazard could result.SOLUTION - Unplug the fixture or turn off the power and replace the broken bulb. If you don’t have a newbulb, use a burned out one until it can be changed.Electrical Cords& Are all electrical cords andextension cords in good condition - not frayed or cracked?NO - If the cord’s covering is worn or broken exposing the inside wires, you can get an electrical shock whenyou touch the cord. It could also overheat and create a fire hazard.SOLUTION - Replace the cord with a new one. When storing cords, be careful not to bend or twist them.Cords may fray or inside wires NoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre all appliance cordsplaced so they won’t come in contact with a hot surface?NO - Cords can be damaged by excess heat.SOLUTION - Be especially careful when using outlets on or near the kitchen range or electric heaters.Relocate cords away from any heat source.13
Electrical Cords& Is the cord connector or capon any electrical cord solid and complete?NO - If parts are broken or loose exposing electrical conductive parts, a shock hazard could result.SOLUTION - Have the cord connector or cap YesNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre cords placed out of theway of traffic areas, away from doorway and window openings?NO - Tripping over cords could lead to injury. Stepping on or pinching cords by closing doors and windowson them can damage the covering and cause a fire.SOLUTION - Keep cords out of the way of traffic NoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre cords unobstructed byfurniture and carpets?NO - Shock and fire hazards can result from damaged cords.SOLUTION - Keep furniture off cords and do not have then under esNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre extension cords placedaway from traffic areas and secured in the correct manner?NO - Holding cords in place with nails or staples can damage insulation and cause an overheating hazard.SOLUTION - Tape cords in place using approved cord support or look for ways to minimize use of extensioncords in high traffic areas. You may need another electrical sNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre extension cords withthree-prong plug used only with three-hole electrical wall outlets?NO - NEVER break off the third grounding prong so that a plug can fit into a two-hole electrical wall outlet.This prong is there for safety.SOLUTION - Ensure the proper cords are used in the correct electrical wall outlets.Wall Outlets YesNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesDo all unused electrical walloutlets have safety covers on openings?NO - A shock hazard can result if children insert objects into electrical outlets.SOLUTION - Buy inexpensive plastic safety covers for all unused outlets.14NoNoNo
Wall Outlets YesNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoDo all electrical wall outletshave covers (a faceplate)?NO - Exposed wiring can cause a shock.SOLUTION - Install inexpensive plastic switch and outlet sNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoDo all electrical wall outletsand switches operate properly with no wires showing?NO - This indicates an unsafe wiring condition.SOLUTION - Have a qualified electrician check and repair oBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoWhen in use, do electricalwall outlets and switchplate covers feel cool to the touch—not scorched or burnt?NO - A hot cover (faceplate) is warning of a wiring hazard.SOLUTION - Unplug the cord and have an electrician check and repair the sNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre light switches mountedsecurely and all parts intact?NO - If the mounting is loose or parts are missing, the wiring can overheat and create a shock hazard.SOLUTION - Fasten switch mounts securely with a screwdriver. Replace any missing NoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoDo all plugs fit snugly into theelectrical wall outlets?NO - If plugs fall out easily or are loose, the wire can overheat and cause a fire.SOLUTION - Have an electrician repair the electrical wall sNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoDo wall switches operatequietly without a noticeable spark or crackling sound when moving the switch from the “ON” to“OFF” position?NO - A sparkling sound or flickering light indicates a wiring problem.SOLUTION - Have an electrician examine and repair the switch.15
PortableElectric sNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoDo electric portable heatershave a safety logo indicating the equipment has been tested for safety by a Canadian accreditedcertification organization?NO - Exposed wiring can cause a shock.SOLUTION - Install inexpensive plastic switch and outlet sNoBedroomsBathroomsBasementYesYesYesNoNoNoAre portable heaters placed a
"elektor," meaning "beaming sun." In Greek, "elektron" is the word for amber. Amber is a very pretty yellowish brown "stone" that sparkles orange and yellow in sunlight. Amber is actually fossilized tree sap. Ancient Greeks discovered that amber behaved oddly - like attracting feathers - when rubbed by fur or other objects.
and restore Prince Edward Island as a single economic region. This would greatly benefit both the people and the economy of Prince Edward Island. The two-zones policy fails to reflect the fact that Prince Edward Island is a small province and a tightly knit community. As stated earlier, the policy pits Islanders against one another.
Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island SPEECH FROM THE THRONE At the Opening of the Second Session of the Sixty-fifth General Assembly of Prince Edward Island April 5, 2016 at 2:00 p.m. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Cover photo: Rocky Point Tourism PEI/Carrie Gregory.
Cover photo: Mary Kay Sonier Fox Island Elite Seed Farm & Cascumpec Bay. SEED CERTIFICATION IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Certification of seed potatoes in Prince Edward Island, as in all provinces of Canada, is carrie
history and culture of the Maritime Provinces, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island, and Québec. And what better way to access these . CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Discover Prince Edward Island’s rich history and culinary traditions on
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND GRADE 4 MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM GUIDE Page 2 Curriculum Focus There is an emphasis in the Prince Edward Island mathematics curriculum on particular key concepts at each grade which will result in greater depth of understanding. There is also more emphasis on number
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