Heart Rate Monitor AD8232 Interface Arduino - TheoryCIRCUIT

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Simple Unbelievable Arduino projects from theoryCIRCUIT.comArduino brings lot of possibilities in electronics for Electronic designers, Hobbyist, Makers andstudents, the best way to learn arduino programming is just to try one more experiment. Hence wegiven interesting top five easy to make Arduino projects with code and library link. Happy learningArduino 1. Heart Rate Monitor AD8232 Interface Arduino2. Fingerprint sensor-scanner with Arduino3. Giving Voice Recognition Ability to Arduino4. Soil Moisture Sensor and Arduino5. How to Interface RFID with Arduino?Heart Rate Monitor AD8232 Interface ArduinoThe AD8232 from Analog Devices is a deticated single lead heart rate monitor front endintegrated circuit. The AD8232 is an integrated signal conditioning block for ECG and otherbiopotential measurement applications. It is designed to extract, amplify, and filter smallbiopotential signals in the presence of noisy conditions, such as those created by motion orremote electrode placement. This design allows for an ultralow power analog-to-digitalconverter (ADC) or an embedded microcontroller to acquire the output signal easily.

HeartHeart Diagram Credit : Wikipedia.orgHeart Beat with corresponding ECG signalHeart Beat diagram Credit: Wikipedia.orgWhat is ECG?Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is the method of recording the electrical activity of heartover a period of time using the electrodes placed on the skin.

Image Credit: Wikipedia.orgThis ECG wave has two sections as PR interval and QT interval, by using the AD8232 IC wecan get noise less information.Heart Monitor AD8232 BoardThe simple and easy to use breakout board for heart rate monitoring from Sparkfun. Thisboard measures electrical activity of heart through the Electrode pads placed on the skin. ByInterfacing this board with Arduino we can get ECG graph through Processing IDE window.Pin ConfigurationBoard LabelPin FunctionArduino ConnectionGNDGroundGND3.3v3.3v Power Supply3.3vOUTPUTOutput SignalA0LO-Leads-off Detect –11

LO Leads-off Detect 10SDNShutdownNot usedElectrode PadsCable ColorSignalBlackRA (Right Arm)BlueLA (Left Arm)RedRL (Right Leg)AD8232 Hookup with ArduinoWe can use the electrode jack or else pin holes for electrodes. Connect correspondingelectrode pads in skin and then provide 3.3V and GND power supply from the Arduinoboard, the SDN (shutdown) pin is not connected to any part. Output from the breakout boardis taken to Arduino’s A0 (Analog input 0) pin. To detect the Leads off situation LO – , LO are connected to Arduino digital pin D11 and D10 respectively.Arduino *********************************Heart Rate Display.inoDemo Program for AD8232 Heart Rate sensor.Casey Kuhns @ SparkFun Electronics 6/27/2014

https://github.com/sparkfun/AD8232 Heart Rate ***********************************/void setup() {// initialize the serial communication:Serial.begin(9600);pinMode(10, INPUT); // Setup for leads off detection LO pinMode(11, INPUT); // Setup for leads off detection LO -}void loop() {if((digitalRead(10) 1) (digitalRead(11) 1)){Serial.println('!');}else{// send the value of analog input 0:Serial.println(analogRead(A0));}//Wait for a bit to keep serial data from saturatingdelay(1);}

Processing *********************************Heart Rate Display.inoDemo Program for AD8232 Heart Rate sensor.Casey Kuhns @ SparkFun Electronics 6/27/2014https://github.com/sparkfun/AD8232 Heart Rate ***********************************/import processing.serial.*;Serial myPort;// The serial portint xPos 1;// horizontal position of the graphfloat height old 0;float height new 0;float inByte 0;void setup () {// set the window size:size(1000, 400);// List all the available serial portsprintln(Serial.list());// Open whatever port is the one you're using.myPort new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);// don't generate a serialEvent() unless you get a newline character:

myPort.bufferUntil('\n');// set inital background:background(0xff);}void draw () {// everything happens in the serialEvent()}void serialEvent (Serial myPort) {// get the ASCII string:String inString myPort.readStringUntil('\n');if (inString ! null) {// trim off any whitespace:inString trim(inString);// If leads off detection is true notify with blue lineif (inString.equals("!")) {stroke(0, 0, 0xff); //Set stroke to blue ( R, G, B)inByte 512;// middle of the ADC range (Flat Line)}// If the data is good let it throughelse {

stroke(0xff, 0, 0); //Set stroke to red ( R, G, B)inByte float(inString);}//Map and draw the line for new data pointinByte map(inByte, 0, 1023, 0, height);height new height - inByte;line(xPos - 1, height old, xPos, height new);height old height new;// at the edge of the screen, go back to the beginning:if (xPos width) {xPos 0;background(0xff);}else {// increment the horizontal position:xPos ;}}}How to use Processing IDE to Plot Graph?

Fingerprint sensor-scanner with ArduinoThe Fingerprint is one of the safest way to detect and identify the Authorized person, Weknow that fingerprint is unique even identical twins do not have identical fingerprints. Byusing this we can make pretty sure about security needs. To add fingerprint verification inmicrocontroller projects we can use this all in one optical fingerprint sensor-scanner (R305),It makes fingerprint detection and verification super simple.By using this sensor we can make Bio-metric authentication and access control basedElectronic projects easily.R305 Optical Fingerprint Sensor-ScannerThis optical fingerprint reader devices uses high powered DSP chip AS601 form Synochip,that does the image rendering, calculation, feature finding and searching. It provides TTLserial out hence we can connect to any microcontroller or system. The DSP processor hason board FLASH memory which can store 120 finger prints. Thanks to the Adafruit here wehave Fingerprint library so that connect this sensor to Arduino as well.Fingerprint sensor Arduino HookupThe fingerprint identification process has two steps that is1. Enrolling Fingerprint,2. Matching Fingerprint.These two steps makes microcontroller / System to authenticate right fingerprint.

To use this sensor with Computer(Only windows operating system)Image credit: adafruit.comConnect the white wire from the sensor to Arduino D0 pin and green wire to Arduino D1 pin.Put red & black in ( 5V & GND) respectively. After the wiring over upload the followingsketch to Arduino board.Arduino Code// this sketch will allow you to bypass the Atmega chip// and connect the fingerprint sensor directly to the USB/Serial// chip converter.// Red connects to 5V// Black connects to Ground// White goes to Digital 0// Green goes to Digital 1void setup() {}void loop() {}The “blank” sketch won’t work for ATmega32u4-based Arduinos hence use the followingsketchArduino Code for (ATmega32u4)

//Leo passthru// Allows Leonardo to pass serial data between// fingerprint reader and Windows.//// Red connects to 5V// Black connects to Ground// Green goes to Digital 0// White goes to Digital 1void setup() {Serial1.begin(57600);Serial.begin(57600);}void loop(){while hile }To read fingerprint through windows system we need special GUI software called“SFGdemo” just google it to get one.After Loading the above code open the “SFGdemo” software.

Screenshot

Credit : http://www.elecrow.com/wiki/index.php?title Fingerprint SensorTo use this sensor with Arduino BoardConnect wires as per the hookup diagram shows.Get the fingerprint library here and put it in Arduino ide library section.

Open the code directly by the path in Arduino IDE: File - Example Adafruit Fingerprint enrollCode to Enrolling with Arduino#include Adafruit Fingerprint.h #include SoftwareSerial.h uint8 t getFingerprintEnroll(int id);// pin #2 is IN from sensor (GREEN wire)// pin #3 is OUT from arduino(WHITE wire)SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);Adafruit Fingerprint finger Adafruit Fingerprint(&mySerial);void est");// set the data rate for the sensor serial portfinger.begin(57600);if (finger.verifyPassword()) {Serial.println("Found fingerprint sensor!");} else {

Serial.println("Did not find fingerprint sensor :(");while (1);}}void loop()// run over and over again{Serial.println("Type in the ID # you want to save this finger as.");int id 0;while (true) {while (! Serial.available());char c Serial.read();if (! isdigit(c)) break;id * 10;id c - '0';}Serial.print("Enrolling ID #");Serial.println(id);while (!getFingerprintEnroll(id) );}uint8 t getFingerprintEnroll(int id) {int p -1;Serial.println("Waiting for valid finger to enroll");while (p ! FINGERPRINT OK) {

p finger.getImage();switch (p) {case FINGERPRINT OK:Serial.println("Image taken");break;case FINGERPRINT NOFINGER:Serial.println(".");break;case FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR:Serial.println("Communication error");break;case FINGERPRINT IMAGEFAIL:Serial.println("Imaging error");break;default:Serial.println("Unknown error");break;}}// OK success!p finger.image2Tz(1);switch (p) {case FINGERPRINT OK:Serial.println("Image converted");

break;case FINGERPRINT IMAGEMESS:Serial.println("Image too messy");return p;case FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR:Serial.println("Communication error");return p;case FINGERPRINT FEATUREFAIL:Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");return p;case FINGERPRINT INVALIDIMAGE:Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");return p;default:Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;}Serial.println("Remove finger");delay(2000);p 0;while (p ! FINGERPRINT NOFINGER) {p finger.getImage();}p -1;

Serial.println("Place same finger again");while (p ! FINGERPRINT OK) {p finger.getImage();switch (p) {case FINGERPRINT OK:Serial.println("Image taken");break;case FINGERPRINT NOFINGER:Serial.print(".");break;case FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR:Serial.println("Communication error");break;case FINGERPRINT IMAGEFAIL:Serial.println("Imaging error");break;default:Serial.println("Unknown error");break;}}// OK success!p finger.image2Tz(2);switch (p) {

case FINGERPRINT OK:Serial.println("Image converted");break;case FINGERPRINT IMAGEMESS:Serial.println("Image too messy");return p;case FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR:Serial.println("Communication error");return p;case FINGERPRINT FEATUREFAIL:Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");return p;case FINGERPRINT INVALIDIMAGE:Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");return p;default:Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;}// OK converted!p finger.createModel();if (p FINGERPRINT OK) {Serial.println("Prints matched!");} else if (p FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR) {

Serial.println("Communication error");return p;} else if (p FINGERPRINT ENROLLMISMATCH) {Serial.println("Fingerprints did not match");return p;} else {Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;}Serial.print("ID "); Serial.println(id);p finger.storeModel(id);if (p FINGERPRINT OK) {Serial.println("Stored!");} else if (p FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR) {Serial.println("Communication error");return p;} else if (p FINGERPRINT BADLOCATION) {Serial.println("Could not store in that location");return p;} else if (p FINGERPRINT FLASHERR) {Serial.println("Error writing to flash");return p;} else {Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;

}}After uploading this code to Arduino board open the serial monitor, it will ask for you to typein the ID to enroll – use the box up top to type in a number and click Send. choose carriagereturn with 9600 baud rate. After placing finger two to three times the serial monitor indicatedimage stored in specific id.Code to Matching with ArduinoOpen the code directly by the path in Arduino IDE : File - Example Adafruit Fingerprint fingerprint#include Adafruit Fingerprint.h #include SoftwareSerial.h int getFingerprintIDez();// pin #2 is IN from sensor (GREEN wire)// pin #3 is OUT from arduino(WHITE wire)SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);Adafruit Fingerprint finger Adafruit Fingerprint(&mySerial);void est");

// set the data rate for the sensor serial portfinger.begin(57600);if (finger.verifyPassword()) {Serial.println("Found fingerprint sensor!");} else {Serial.println("Did not find fingerprint sensor :(");while (1);}Serial.println("Waiting for valid finger.");}void loop()// run over and over again{getFingerprintIDez();delay(50);//don't ned to run this at full speed.}uint8 t getFingerprintID() {uint8 t p finger.getImage();switch (p) {case FINGERPRINT OK:Serial.println("Image taken");break;case FINGERPRINT NOFINGER:Serial.println("No finger detected");

return p;case FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR:Serial.println("Communication error");return p;case FINGERPRINT IMAGEFAIL:Serial.println("Imaging error");return p;default:Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;}// OK success!p finger.image2Tz();switch (p) {case FINGERPRINT OK:Serial.println("Image converted");break;case FINGERPRINT IMAGEMESS:Serial.println("Image too messy");return p;case FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR:Serial.println("Communication error");return p;case FINGERPRINT FEATUREFAIL:

Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");return p;case FINGERPRINT INVALIDIMAGE:Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");return p;default:Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;}// OK converted!p finger.fingerFastSearch();if (p FINGERPRINT OK) {Serial.println("Found a print match!");} else if (p FINGERPRINT PACKETRECIEVEERR) {Serial.println("Communication error");return p;} else if (p FINGERPRINT NOTFOUND) {Serial.println("Did not find a match");return p;} else {Serial.println("Unknown error");return p;}// found a match!

Serial.print("Found ID #"); Serial.print(finger.fingerID);Serial.print(" with confidence of "); Serial.println(finger.confidence);}// returns -1 if failed, otherwise returns ID #int getFingerprintIDez() {uint8 t p finger.getImage();if (p ! FINGERPRINT OK)return -1;p finger.image2Tz();if (p ! FINGERPRINT OK)return -1;p finger.fingerFastSearch();if (p ! FINGERPRINT OK)return -1;// found a match!Serial.print("Found ID #"); Serial.print(finger.fingerID);Serial.print(" with confidence of "); Serial.println(finger.confidence);return finger.fingerID;}After Upload the Code,Open up the serial monitor at 9600 baud rate and when promptedplace your finger against the sensor that was already enrolled. It shows found Id withnumber If it is the stored fingerprint.Tutorial itle Fingerprint Sensor

Giving Voice Recognition Ability to ArduinoThe voice Recognition module V2 gives perfect way for voicecontrolled Automation, this module can be easily interfaced withArduino board and other Microcontrollers which supports TTL orUART that is Tx & Rx. This module has a IC called “SPCE061A”it is a 16-bit sound controller with 32K X 16 flash memeory. Thissound controller IC is the heart of this module.SPCE 061A Block DiagramIt is a 16-bit Architecture Microprocessor developed by SUNPLUS technology. It is capableof handling complex digital signal in sound process and voice Recognition. It contains 32-Kword flash memory plus a 2K-word working SRAM, 32 programmable multifunctional I/Os,two 16-bit timers/counters, 32.7KHz Real Time Clock, eight channels 10-bit ADC and 10 bitDAC output and Mic Amplifier with auto gain controller.

Voice Recognition Module V2It can store 15 voice instructions in 3 groups with 5 voice instructions in one group. It has twopower supply pins Vcc & Gnd and consumes 4.5 V to 5.5 Volt with less than 40mA current.The Tx & Rx pins makes UART communication possible to microcontrollers.We cannot directly plug and play this module with Arduino or any other microcontrollers toget Voice Recognition ability follow these steps.1. Recording Voices2. Making Hardware connections3. Uploading CodeRecording VoicesInitially the module don’t know who you are? so we need to teach them and make our voiceas familiar one.Connect the module with UART to USB converter and Interface with computer make surethe following connections.

USB-TTL moduleVR module 5VVccGNDGNDTXDRXDRXDTXDInstall or update USB-TTL module driver in your systems device manager. (for morereference).After that we need Serial tool to communicate with the voice recognition module, Get AccessPort Serial tool here.Install and open Access port and set the following in settings, ie. baud rate: 9600, Parity bit:None, data bit : 8, stop bit : 1, send format: HEX, Receive format: Char.Now start recording as follows.Command format is “Head Key”. “Head” is a 0xaa, and “Key” can be any of thecommands that the VR module recognizes:For Example Command0XAA11 (key 0X11) performs the following functionBegin to record instructions of group 10XAA12 (key 0X12)Begin to record instructions of group 20XAA13 (key 0X13)Begin to record instructions of group 30XAA21 (key 0X21)Import group 1 and ready for voice instructions.0XAA22 (key 0X22)Import group 2 and ready for voice instructions.0XAA23 (key 0X23)Import group 3 and ready for voice instructions.0XAA33 (key 0x33)Change the baud rate to 9600bps.0XAA37 (key 0X37)

Switch to compact mode.0XAA01 (key 0X01)Delete the instructions of group 1.0XAA02 (key 0X02)Delete the instructions of group 2.0XAA03 (key 0X03)Delete the instructions of group 3.0XAA04 (key 0X04)Delete the instructions of all the three groups.0XAA70 (key 0X70)Reset serial port to 9600 baud rate, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop Send: 0xaa11Receive (in Common Mode):STARTNo voice // I did not make any sound. So it replied such messageSTARTSpeak nowAgainSTARTSpeak again nowDifferent // I spoke another words for the second time. So it replied such messageSTARTSpeak nowAgainSTARTSpeak again nowFinish one // recording one instruction successfullySTART

AgainSTARTFinish oneSTARTAgainSTARTFinish oneSTARTAgainSTARTFinish oneSTARTAgainSTARTFinish oneGroup1 finished! // recording group 1 successfullyNow group 1 training is done and similarly you can train other groups.Please record the following voice instrctions in order :1.WHITE2.RED3.GREEN4.BLUE5.OFFThen send command 0xAA21 to import group 1. Remove the voice recognition module aftersuccessful recording with command hex code.

Making Hardware ConnectionMake the connections as per the hookup diagram connect the Mic in provided jack andupload the following arduino sketch disconnect TXD and RXD pin while uploading theArduino Code.Arduino Codeint redPin 11; // R petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 11int greenPin 9; // G petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 9int bluePin 10; // B petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 10byte com 0; //reply from voice recognitionvoid setup(){Serial.begin(9600);pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // sets the ledPin to be an outputpinMode(redPin, OUTPUT); // sets the redPin to be an outputpinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT); // sets the greenPin to be an outputpinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT); // sets the bluePin to be an outputdelay(2000);

Serial.write(0xAA);Serial.write(0x21);}void loop() // run over and over again{while(Serial.available()){com Serial.read();switch(com){case 0x11:color(255,255,255); // turn RGB LED on -- whitebreak;case 0x12:color(255, 0, 0); // turn the RGB LED redbreak;case 0x13:color(0,255, 0); // turn the RGB LED greenbreak;case 0x14:color(0, 0, 255); // turn the RGB LED bluebreak;

case 0x15:color(0,0,0); // turn the RGB LED offbreak;}}}void color (unsigned char red, unsigned char green, unsigned char blue) //the color generating function{analogWrite(redPin, red*102/255);analogWrite(bluePin, blue*173/255);analogWrite(greenPin, green*173/255);}DataSheet of SPCE061ASoil Moisture Sensor and Arduino

Want to know and data log the moisture level of soil, here is the sensor to do so, themoisture sensor has two large exposed pads function as probes for the sensor and togetheracting as a variable resistor. Put the sensor into the soil where you want to measuremoisture level depends on the water presence in the soil the sensor’s conductivity betweenthe pads will vary that is more water more conductivity.So the sensor pads reacts as High resistance for dry soil and Low resistance for wet soil, sowe get the signal depends on the soil moisture.Sensor BreakoutSparkfun Soil moisture sensor used in this article, it can be easily interfaced with Arduinoand other Microcontrollers Analog read pin.

Arduino HookupJust put Sensors Vcc into Arduino’s 5V pin and Gnd to Gnd, then connect signal pinof sensor to A0 pin of Arduino. Here you don’t need to connect bias or pull up resistor to thesignal pin to just read the analog value.Arduino CodeTo Just Read Sensor outputint sensorPin 0;// select the input pin for the Soil moisture sensorint sensorValue 0;// variable to store the value coming from the sensorvoid setup() {// declare the ledPin as an OUTPUT:Serial.begin(9600);}void loop() {// read the value from the sensor:sensorValue analogRead(sensorPin);

delay(1000);Serial.print("sensor " );Serial.println(sensorValue);}Read Sensor Value for a WhileThe sensor pads gets corrosion when thecurrent continuously passed through the sensor.Here is the code to take reading at particulartime for data logging.Before that make the given circuit betweenArduino board and Soil moisture sensor. Herethe SL100 (NPN) transistor acts as a switch tocontrol the supply to Sensor. When the D10 pinof Arduino goes high the sensor will get powersupply if the D10 goes low the sensordisconnected from the power supply.Codeint sensorPin 0;// select the input pin for the Soil moisture sensorint sensorValue 0;// variable to store the value coming from the sensorint sensorVCC 10;void setup() {// declare the ledPin as an OUTPUT:Serial.begin(9600);pinMode(sensorVCC, OUTPUT);digitalWrite(sensorVCC, LOW);

}void loop() {// power the sensordigitalWrite(sensorVCC, HIGH);delay(100); //make sure the sensor is powered// read the value from the sensor:sensorValue analogRead(sensorPin);//stop powerdigitalWrite(sensorVCC, LOW);//waitdelay(60*1000);//delay time change according to your needSerial.print("sensor " );Serial.println(sensorValue);}Value Range0 300 : Dry Soil300 700 : Humid Soil700 950 : in Water.

How to Interface RFID with Arduino?RFID or Radio Frequency Identification is one of the best identification method, in thismethod a RFID module sends RF (Radio Frequency) signal that powers RF “tag” then thetag responds with unique ASCII and HEX serial number. Here every RF “tag” sends backunique number, it can be used as secure key system or tracking system.Some times Active RF tags transmits HEX code without any external source.ID – 12 LAThe company ID-Innovations makes this simple and easy to use RFID readers that areeasily interfaced into the microcontroller project. The ID innovation series of RFID comes inthree versions ID-2, ID-12 and ID-20. All types have the same pin out and works withdifferent RF tags (Most suitable for 125KHz tags) that are commonly used. There is optionsprovided for antenna to extend sensing coverage range, These RFID readers send their datavia 9600 baud rate serial manner which is easily read by Arduino and other microcontrollers.Arduino Hookup

By the way it is very easy to connect ID 12-LA RFID readerwith Arduino, but note that the pins on these readers are notspaced properly for use with bread board hence you mayuse sparkfun RFID breakout, the pin D0 is connected withArduino D0/Rx pin (digital pin 0). This reader providesLED/Buzzer pin (reader pin 10) that will light/buzz when atag is read.Arduino Code to Read Tag/* RFID ID12 */char val; // variable to store the data from the serial portvoid setup() {Serial.begin(9600); // connect to the serial port}void loop () {

// read the serial portif(Serial.available() 0) {val Serial.read();Serial.print(val);}}This simple Arduino code helps to read RF tag number through serial monitor.After reading the tag code we can use that code to control Arduino pins for specific tagcontrolled operations.RFID ID-12LA Data sheet-----------------------end of top five arduino projects from theoryCIRCUIT.com----------------------

Hence we given interesting top five easy to make Arduino projects with code and library link. Happy learning Arduino 1. Heart Rate Monitor AD8232 Interface Arduino 2. Fingerprint sensor-scanner with Arduino 3. Giving Voice Recognition Ability to Arduino 4. Soil Moisture Sensor and Arduino 5. How to Interface RFID with Arduino?

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