SakuTari Saxeli QarTul Originalur Agiografiul MwerlobaSi
avtoris stili daculiaivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetihumanitarul mecnierebaTa fakultetiqarTveluri enaTmecnierebadarejan kirTaZesakuTari saxeli qarTul originalur agiografiul Zeglebsada saistorio wyaroebSi (V-X ss.)ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis filologiisdoqtoris (Ph. D) akademiuri xarisxis mosapoveblad warmodgenilid i s e r t a c i asamecniero xelmZRvaneli: filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtoriprofesori patiko (paata) cxadaiaTbilisi2009
Sesavali!enis leqsikur saganZurSi arsebiT saxelTa Soris gamoiyofa gansakuTrebuli fena, romelsac qmnis sakuTari saxelebi: adamianTa saxelebida gvarebi, agreTve geografiuli obieqtebis saxelebi da sxv. maTi erTobliobis aRsaniSnavad miRebulia termini onimia, xolo onomastika ( saxelis Serqmevis xelovneba ) aris enaTmecnierebis dargi, romlis kvlevisobieqti uxvi leqsikuri fondia, Sedgenili anTroponimebisa, toponimebisada sxva kategoriis sakuTari saxelebisagan.bunebasa da sazogadoebaSi yvela sagani (obieqti) TavisTavad arsebuli Tu adamianis xeliT Seqmnili, sulieri Tu usulo, realuri Tu mogonili aRiniSneba saganTa klasis aRmniSvneli sityviT, romelsac sazogado saxeli ewodeba. amasTanave, konkretul obieqts (adamians, rogorc wesi, aucileblad, xolo sxva saxis obieqts saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi) SeiZleba miemarTos iseTi saxeli, romelic mas gamoyofs msgavs saganTa simravlisagan, e.i. axdens individualizacias. aseTi saxeli ki sakuTari saxelia. amis Sesabamisad, enaTmecnierebaSi enis leqsikuri fondiiyofa or jgufad:sazogado da sakuTar saxelebad.sakuTar saxelTa erToblioba, anu onimia, enis leqsikuri fondisganuyofeli nawilia da mis simdidres gviCvenebs. sakuTar da sazogadosaxelebs bevri ram aqvT saerToc da ganmasxvavebelic: sakuTari saxeli enis leqsikuri fondis specifikur fenas warmoadgens, specifikurs rogorc mniSvneloba-daniSnulebiT, aseve formawarmoebiTac. yuradRebas iqcevs igi Tavisi warmomavlobisa da istoriuliTvalsazrisiTac (290, 3).sazogado saxeli erTmaneTis msgavs, erTnair sagnebs (nivTebs, movlenebs) aRniSnavs. fiqroben, rom yvela sakuTari saxeli, anu individualuri saxeli, sazogado saxelisagan momdinareobs. . sazogado saxelTasamyaro aris is nayofieri niadagi, romelSiac istoriulad saTavesiRebs anTroponimika (198, 11).azrovnebisa da metyvelebis unaris ganviTarebis kvalobaze adamianma daiwyo Tavis TvalsawierSi moqceuli obieqtebis aRniSvna jer sazogado, Semdeg sakuTari saxelebis meSveobiT. maSasadame, sakuTar saxelTa
sistemac (onimuri sistema) viTardeboda da viTardeba enasTan erTad,oRond Taviseburi kanonzomierebebiT, romelTa gamovlenac didZali masalis saguldagulod damuSavebas saWiroebs.droTa ganmavlobaSi sakuTari saxeli iseve ganicdida cvlilebebs,rogorc sazogado saxeli da metyvelebis sxva nawilebi: qreboda Zvelisaxelebi, Cndeboda axali, icvleboda saxelis darqmevis Cveulebani.sakuTar saxelTa Soris, mkvlevarTa TvalsazrisiT, yvelaze ZveliadamianTa saxelebi unda iyos. bgeriTi metyvelebis ganviTarebis adrindel safexurze gaCnda adamianebis erTmaneTisagan gasarCevad maTTvis saxelis darqmevis saWiroeba. saxeldebis procesi kacobriobis gariJraJzeunda momxdariyo. saxeldeba umaRlesi SemoqmedebiTi principia. rogorcadre fiqrobdnen, saxelis darqmeva, saxeldeba raimes gaCenis badalia.onomastikuri fondis erT-erT uZvirfases wyaros gvar-saxelebi(patronimebi mamis an mamis xaziT winapris, saxelisa Tu metsaxelisaganmomdinare zewodeba, metsaxeli, mamisaxeloba (238, 90)) Seadgendnen, romlebic, Cveulebriv, sakuTari saxelis msazRvrelad gvevlinebian da warmoadgenen ojaxis wevrTa oficialurad dakanonebul meoreul saxels,azusteben da akonkreteben pirovnebis vinaobas.qarTvel tomebSi ZvelTaganve yofila gavrcelebuli adamianisaTvismeore saxelis Serqmevis tradicia, rac imTaviTve aisaxa mwerlobaSi dadResac ar miscemia daviwyebas. Serqmeuli saxelebi uZevs safuZvlad Zveli da axali aRTqmis onomastikonis mTavar nawilsac.adreul saukuneebSi metsaxeli, romelic pirovnul saxels emateboda, marTalia, meore damakonkretebeli saxeli iyo, magram ara gvaridRevandeli gagebiT. sityva gvarma is erTi umTavresi mniSvneloba, racdRes aqvs, gvian SeiZina. Zvel droSi igi niSnavda mxolod jiSs, saxeobas, rac am sityvas dRemde cocxlad SemorCa.metsaxels zogjer safuZvlad Cveuleba, rwmena, sadauroba, gamoCenili adamianis saxeli, winapris saqmianoba, Tanamdeboba, piradi Tviseba,miswrafeba, mosaqmeoba, fizikuri garegnoba. edeboda. amitom adamianTagonebamaxvilobasa da SemoqmedebiTs niWze iyo damokidebuli piris Sinagani Tu garegani Tvisebis saaSkaraoze warmoCena.2
uZvelesi rwmenis Tanaxmad, adamiani SemTxveviT ar atarebda ama Tu imsaxels. saxeli ganusazRvravda kacs Tavis gzasa da mizandasaxulobas,gamoxatavda adamianis pirovnul arss da zemoqmedebda mis srulqmnilebaze.sakuTar saxelTa fondis Tavmoyra-gaanalizeba metad sapasuxismgeblo, Sromatevadi da, amasTanave, uaRresad saintereso saqmea.anTroponimiis calkeul sakiTxebze yuradReba gamaxvilebulia i. maisuraZis qarTul gvarsaxelebSi (1979, 1981), z. WumburiZis mravalgziTgamocemul (pirveli gamocema 1966, bolo 2003) SromaSi: ra gqvia Sen? ;al. Rlontis qarTvelur sakuTar saxelebSi (1986), a. silagaZisa da a.ToTaZis leqsikonSi gvar-saxelebi saqarTveloSi (1997), r. TofCiSvilisnaSromSi qarTuli gvarsaxelebis istoriidan (2003) da sxv.geografiuli obieqtebis saxelwodebaTa mniSvnelobis axsna-ganmartebis cdebs vxvdebiT jer kidev Cvens eramde. am mxriv gansakuTrebiT gamoirCeodnen Zveli berZeni da romaeli geograf-istorikosebi: herodote(daaxl. Zv.w. 485-424), straboni (daaxl. Zv.w. 64/63-ax.w. 23/24), tacite (daaxl.55-116) da sxv., magram qarTuli onomastikis mecnieruli Seswavlis fuZemdeblad XVIII saukunis istorikosi da geografi vaxuSti bagrationi iTvleba Tavisi TxzulebiT aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa . qarTuli toponimiis Seswavlis saqmeSi mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitanes XIX saukunisqarTvelma da ucxoelma mkvlevrebma: m. brosem, n. CubinaSvilma, d. baqraZem, n. marma, g. yazbegma, a. pavlinovma, GJan muriem, e. veidenbauerma, n. nadeJdinma, v. nikonovma, n. podolskaiam, a. superanskaiam, m. melxevma, v. murzaevma da sxv. toponimiisadmi interesi CvenSi gansakuTrebiT XX saukuneSi gaRvivda. istoriuli toponimia gaxda specifikuri kvleva-Ziebis sagani iv. javaxiSvilis, e. TayaiSvilis, T. saxokias, m. janaSvilis, k. kekeliZis, a. SaniZis, s. janaSias, g. axvledianis, arn. Ciqobavas, n. berZeniSvilis, d. musxeliSvilis, d. berZeniSvilis, p. ingoroyvas, a. xaxanaSvilis,j. gvasalias, i. sixaruliZis, T. Jordanias, s. gorgaZis, al. cagarelis, s.jiqias, m. beriZis, i. abulaZis, a. Rlontis, e. metrevelis, s. kakabaZis, b.jorbenaZis, u. saxlTxuciSvilis, i. yifSiZis, f. erTeliSvilis, g. meliqiSvilis, p. cxadaias, g. bedoSvilis, m. Ciqovanis, n. cecxlaZis, f. makalaTias, g. zardaliSvilis, S. gogatiSvilis, k. xaraZisa da sxvaTa istoriul-eTnografiul da literaturul-saenaTmecniero naSromebSi.3
ebasuwevs 1969 wlidan axali qarTuli enis kaTedrasTan arsebuli toponimikis laboratoria da mis mier gamocemuli krebulebi: toponimika I (1976), toponimika II (1980), onomastika I (1987); p. cxadaias onomastikurterminTa ganmartebiTi leqsikoni (1988) da onomastikis Sesavali (2005),g. xornaulis qarTuli onomastika (2003),g. bedoSvilis qarTul to-ponimTa ganmartebiT-etimologiuri leqsikoni (2002) da sxv.miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTuli sakuTari saxelebis SeswavlisaTvisdidi muSaobaa gaweuli (garkveulia piris saxelis erTi nawilis semantika da struqtura, dadgenilia toponimTa agebuleba, Semadgeneli nawilebis urTierTmimarTeba, etimologiebi), jer kidev bevri ramaa gasakeTebeli: Sesaswavlia zogierTi piris saxelis warmomavloba, i;gadasaWreliagvar-saxelebTan dakavSirebuli problemebi; dasadgenia zogi toponimis lokalizacia, Tavdapirveli mniSvneloba. Aamdenad, interesmoklebuli ar iqneba imis garkveva, Tu ra saxis Taviseburebebi axasiaTebs lingvisturiTvalsazrisiT istoriuli saqarTvelos onimias.warmodgenil naSromSi SevecadeT yuradReba gagvemaxvilebina qarTuli originaluri agiografiuli Zeglebisa da saistorio wyaroebis (V-Xss.) onomastikonze. kerZod, es Txzulebebia: martÂlobaÁÎ wmidisa SuSanikisi , romelic daiwera V s. bolo meoTxedSi (476-483 wlebSi) iakob xucesis mier (zogierTi agiografiuli Zeglis irgvliv (moqmedebis dro,daweris wlebi) arsebobs gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi. Cven veyrdnobiT k.kekeliZis mosazrebebs); ucnobi avtoris martÂlobaÁÎwmidisa evstaTimcxeTelisaÁ , romelic dawerili unda iyos araugvianes VI s. 70-ianwlebSi da romlis uZvelesi, Cvenamde moRweuli xelnaweri daaxloebiTX s. bolosa da XI s. damdegs ekuTvnis; ,,martÂlobaÁÎwmidisa habo tfilelisaÁ , dawerili araugvianes VIII s. gasulisa (kerZod, 780-790 wlebsSoris) ioane sabanisZis mier; ucnobi avtoris martÂlobaÁÎ wmidisa kostanti kaxaÁsi , dawerili IX s. II naxevarSi (kerZod, 853-856 wlebSi); stefane mtbevaris martÂlobaÁÎwmidisa gobronisi , dawerili X s-is damdegs (kerZod, 914-918 wlebSi); ucnobi avtorebis martÂlobaÁÎyrmaTa kolaelTaÁ (moqmedebis dro IV s.) da yrmaTa orTa ZmaTa daviTisi da ti-4
riWanisi sakiTxavi (moqmedebis dro VI s.). es Zeglebi Seqmnili unda iyosaraugvianes IX s-isa; arsen II kaTalikosis cxorebaÁÎ wmidisa ioane zedaznelisaÁ ; cxorebaÁÎ Siosi da evagresi (warmoadgens ioane zedaznelis cxorebis gagrZelebas); cxorebaÁÎwmidisa abibos nekreselisaÁ , dawerili unda iyos X s-Si; ucnobi avtoris cxorebaÁ daviT garejelisaÁ (mokle redaqcia X s., xolo vrceli – XII s. I naxevarSi); giorgi merCulis cxorebaÁÎ grigol xanZTelisaÁ (moqmedebis dro VIII-IX ss.), dawerili Xs-Si (kerZod, 951 wels); basili zarzmelis cxorebaÁ serapion zarzmelisaÁ (moqmedebis dro IX s-is II naxevari), dawerili X s-is I meoTxedSi;juanSeris cxovreba vaxtang gorgaslisa (V-VII ss.); leonti mrovelis mefe qarTlisa arCili (VIII s.); matiane qarTlisa (VIII-XI ss.).Cveni mizania sakuTar saxelTa Seswavla qarTul originalur agiografiul Zeglebsa da saistorio wyaroebSi (V-X ss.), maTi stuqturis, semantikisa da brunebis TaviseburebaTa kvleva da analizi.naSromi ori nawilisagan Sedgeba. pirvel nawilSi mimovixilavT agiografiuli Zeglebisa da saistorio wyaroebis anTroponimebs (adamianis sakuTar saxelebsa da gvarebs), xolo meore nawilSi geografiul saxelebs.kvlevisas veyrdnobodiT umdidres sailustracio masalas, magramnaSromSi, garkveuli mizezebis gamo, mxolod nawili warmovadgineT.5
nawili IadamianTa sakuTari saxelebibibliis mixedviT, saxeldeba sakraluri qmedebaa. saxeldeba SesaqmisgagrZelebaa. saxeli ganisazRvreba saxiT, saxeli saxis gagrZeleba, misidasrulebaa.adamianTa sakuTari saxelebis warmoSobas xangrZlivi istoria aqvs.adamianisaTvis saxelis darqmevis aucilebloba uxsovar droSi, moazrovne adamianis gaCenasTan erTad warmoiSva. dRes SeuZlebelia imis garkveva, ra erqvaT Cvens Soreul winaprebs, ra saxelebiT mimarTavdnen isini erTmaneTs, romelia im uZvelesi droidan SemorCenili saxeli an, saerTod, gauZles Tu ara maT saukuneebis qartexilebs.bgeriTi metyvelebis ganviTarebis adrindel safexurzeve gaxda aucilebeli adamianebis erTmaneTisagan gasarCevad maTTvis saxelebis darqmevis saWiroeba. maSasadame, piris saxelis gaCena TviT cxovrebam, kerZod,pirovnebis identifikaciis saWiroebam, gaxada aucilebeli.Tavdapirvelad pirovnebis aRsaniSnavad nivTis, cxovelis, frinvelis,mweris, ciuri mnaTobebis, feris, Tvisebis, moqmedebisa da sxvaTa aRmniSvneli sityvebi gamoiyeneboda. amisi nimuSebi kargadaa Semonaxuli imsakuTar saxelTa Sinagan struqturaSi, romelTac Zveli werilobiTi Zeglebidan da xalxis warmarTuli yofis Cvenamde moRweuli gadmonaSTebidan vicnobT. es saxelebi CvenSi dRes naklebadaa gavrcelebuli. axalmareligiurma rwmenam Tavisi asaxva pova sakuTar saxelebSi.6
Tavi Iagiografiuli Zeglebis anTroponimiisZiriTadi sakiTxebi 1. kalendaruli da arakalendaruli piris saxelebienaSi uamravi anTroponimi arsebobs. maTgan zogi mSobliuri enobrivifondis kuTvnilebaa, ZirZvelia, zogic nasesxebi. droTa ganmavlobaSiqreboda Zveli sakuTari saxelebi da maTs adgils iWerda sxva, axali.icvleboda aseve saxelTa darqmevis principebic.qarTuli anTroponimiis ganviTarebaze Taviseburi gavlena iqoniaqarTlis moqcevam. qarTvel tomebSi gavrcelebuli warmarTuli anTroponimia TandaTanobiT Seaviwrova da daviwyebas misca qristianulma mwignobrobam. qristianobis saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebas mohyva saxeldebis ritualis gadasvla samRvdeloebis xelSi, tradiciuli anTroponimiis gandevna da kalendaruli saxelebis damkvidreba. eklesiis moTxovniT, yovel qristians unda darqmeoda qristianuli saxeli, romelic specialur saeklesio kalendarSi (wmindanis dabadebis, an gardacvalebisdRes) iyo Setanili. amdagvar saxelebs kalendarul saxelebs uwodeben.saeklesio ,,kalendari Sedgenil iqna bizantiaSi da masSi Sevida ZiriTadad berZnuli da laTinuri saxelebi, romelTac daemata agreTve imdros bizantiaSi gavrcelebuli Zvelebrauli, siriuli da egvipturi saxelebi (256, 12). naTlobis dros mRvdeli Caxedavda saeklesio kalendarsda bavSvs im wmindanis saxels SeurCevda, romlis xsenebac imave an maxlobel dReebSi iyo dawesebuli. es wmindani iTvleboda Semdeg naTelRebulis mfarvelad.qarTul anTroponimiaSi kalendaruli warmomavlobis saxelebi origziT gavrcelda. erTia zepiri tradicia da meore mwignobroba. ucxouri warmomavlobis saxelebi CvenSi manamdec arsebula, vidre qristianuli mwignobroba gaCndeboda (qarTuli warmoSobis saxelebis gverdiTuxvad gamoiyeneboda xurituli, sparsuli, arabuli, ris gamoc, warmarTuli onomastikoni erTsaxovani ar yofila). rogorc samecniero literaturaSia aRniSnuli, mwignobruli saSualebiT bibliuri saxelebi Zve-7
li da axali aRTqmis wignebis TargmniT damkvidrebula. es wignebi saqarTveloSi jer kidev IV-V saukuneebSi arsebula.naSromSi srulad warmovaCenT im kalendarul piris saxelebs, romlebic uxvadaa dadasturebuli V-X ss. qarTul agiografiul ZeglebSi(kalendaruli saxelebis Sesadareblad gamoviyeneT msoflio marTlmadidebeli eklesiis SeerTebuli kalendari (2001)). qvemoT CamoTvlili adamianis sakuTari saxelebi (teqstidan gamomdinare) sxvadasxva brunvis formiTaa mocemuli. piris saxelTa brunebis sakiTxs Cven calke TavSi SevexebiT da amjerad am Temaze aq ar SevCerdebiT:mefobasa. Teodora dedoflisa [4, 165];miuvlina angelozi RmerTman elia patriarqsa [10, 238];saba, romelsa ewoda saban [12, 252];da saswaulTa mier Semkuli dedaÁ febronia [12, 261];maSin movida zaqaria anCeli episkoposi [12, 261];. akurTxen qristeman amona [12, 277];romelsa pirvel saxeli ewoda bevreulis da merme anastasia [2, 298];xolo kaci igi ia Tanamogzaur gueqmna.[13, 329];romelsa ukunaÁskneli Tekla ewoda [13, 179];da amisa Semdgomad esaia ityÂs. [12, 179];viTarca Tqua ieremia winaswarmetyuelman [5, 174];rameTu iTxova igi ana cremliTa da locviTa [8, 193];da sanatrelTa mowameTa kozman da damianÀsTa [1, 29];hrqua evstaTis da stefanes. [2, 35];xolo nerse. Sevida queyanasa mas CrdiloÁsasa [3, 58];mefobasa.qristianeTa zeda konstantinÀssa, Zisa leonissa,sarkinozTa Soris mefobasa mose amira mumnisa [3, 63];Jamsa. herakle mefisasa [7, 186];viTarca igi. herodes [4, 170];. vinme mTavari, saxeliT evagre [9, 219];ese netari ise Seipyra wmidaman mamamTavarman [9, 222];Sewuxna lukiane da hrqua.[10, 230];Tevdore neZÂsa maSenebeli da mamaÁÎ [12, 252];movides mamaÎ etÂfane. qarTliT [12, 263];8
mefeman. demetre. adgilsa keTilsa daamkÂdra [12, 267];da anatole, romelsa uwodes antonios [12, 285];gvedia efrosine [12, 303];xolo mamasa amis netarisasa ewodeboda kÂpriane [13, 321];romelTa ewodeboda amona, andria, petre da makari [12, 322];. pavle vinme xucesi [12, 322];. Ãma-yo da Tqua: lazare, gamoguale! [2, 40];qristefore kÂrikeTisa maSenebeli da mamaÁÎ [12, 267];da mociquli. miswers timoTÀsa [3, 49];xolo netari habo ganZlierda qristÀs mier [3, 64];da erCda brZanebasa missa wmida dodo [10, 234];da ixila wmidaÁÎigi Sio mjdomare quabsa Sina[9, 213];dedaÁ Cueni nino daadgra locvasa cremliTa [8, 199];romelsa saxeli erqua kostanti [4, 165];Tqmuli arseni didisa kaTalikosisaÁÎ[11, 240];da iyo ZmaÁ dedisa maTisaÁÎTevdosi [7, 187];romelsa saxeli ewoda giorgi [13, 324];xolo iyo matoi. TÂssa mas sayofelsa [12, 284];rameTu TÂT daswera basili. [13, 345];ierusalÀms patriarqobasa agaTonissa [12, 316];Ãsenebasa wmida mamisa antonissa [12, 60];moÃsenebad saZagelTa sodomelTa loTis ze.[5, 173];da Semdgomad. efTÂmi [13, 320];romeli. mowafisa xaralampisiTa ganedlda [13, 322];viTarca ufalman saxlsa zaqessa. [13, 346];viTarca sakurTxeveli igi. enuqisi. [3, 80];mivida netari SuSanik maxlobelad eklesiasa [1, 19];samoel qarTlisa kaTalikozisaÁTa [3, 46];. wariyvanna mRdelni: iovane da sahak [7, 191];aha mirian mefe da yoveli simravle qarTlisaÁ [8, 200];erTi mTavarTagani, saxeliT konon [9, 221];netari abibos nekreseli [11, 241];da kuerTxi wmidisa sÂmion mesuetisaÁ [11, 243];9
da erqua mas saxeli gabriel dafanCuli [12, 258];meuRlÀ misi mariam. miegeba. grigols [12, 258];da warmoudgina winaSe missa. patrik. [12, 259];. bagrat. Sewires. yoveli uxuebiT [12, 263];ixila ZÀ TÂsi sayuareli daviTi mokluli [7, 189];saxel-sdves tiriWan [7, 186];rameTu. iSva urCebaÁ igi adamisi [8, 203];warmoavlina. stefanoz [3, 61];vidre. yrma-Ra iyo. miqael [4, 165];. ZÀ abrahamisi [4, 168];amas ewoda pirvelad miqel da merme gobron [5, 177];da zenon guls etyoda [12, 263];efrem mravlisa keTilisa momatyuebel eqmna queyanasa Cuensa [12, 290];ilarion, mamaÁ da maSenebeli wyaroÁsTavisaÁÎ [12, 275];didi sofron. Satberdisa eklesiisa ganaxlebiT aRmaSenebeli [12, 294];. netari serapion [13, 432];da esua isaks iakobi [2, 37];Semdgomad. solomon mefobda [2, 38];.Cuen viciT mamaÁ misi iosebi [2, 40];gedeon sawumisi dadga gamocdad [13, 334];.wmidasa mas bersa besarions [13, 331];. emsgavsa bervarsa ahronissa [3, 80];viTarca ityÂs iob. [4, 173];ityÂs danielis CvenebiTa. [5, 179];viTarca samoelis mier saTno iyo [5, 180].arakalendaruli piris saxelebi agiografiul ZeglebSi sul ramdenime SemTxvevaSi dasturdeba:. karad samefod waremarTa varsqen pitiaxSi, ZÀ arSuSaÁsi [1, 11];romelsa saxeli erqua buRa [4, 16];da aRdga dedakaci igi Tagine [7, 189];ZÀ adrnese kurapalatisa da erismTavrisaÎ [3, 55];welsa meaTesa xuasro mefisasa.[2, 30];. pirvel aRmaSenebeli amaspo. dis-wuli mcxuedaÁsaÁ [12, 317];10
. da jibrilisa ZmaÁÎ [12, 277];. ukeTurman man cqirman [12, 305];nugeSinis-sca dasa missa latavris [13, 339];romeli iwama. jafaris mier [14, 164];mamisagan saxeliT vardan [1, 11];da jojik aRdga da cremliT gare ganvida [1, 16];romelsa saxeli erqua afoc [1, 12];naTel iRo bubaqr [10, 236];. RmrTis-msaxuri ÃelmwifÀ. aSot [12, 258];. oTxni igi Zeni. patrik, guaram, arSuSa da abusalaT [12, 259];Jamsa. arSak mefisasa [7, 186];. sumbaT ukunvida kualad [5, 178];ÃeliTa xsarTan mRvdelisa. [3, 46];romeli iyo gurgen erisTavTa erisTavisa [5, 17];Ze liparitisi [12, 317];Zisa beSqen bahlaundisi [13, 339].zemoT moyvanili masalis safuZvelze SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom agiografiul TxzulebebSi kalendaruli warmoSobis anTroponimebi ufrometi sixSiriT ixmareba, vidre arakalendaruli, rac, ra Tqma unda, bunebrivi movlenaa. qarTlSi qristianobis saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebam, rogorc Cans, sabolood ganapiroba qristianuli (kalendaruli)piris saxelebis gabatoneba. 2. ,,qarTlis cxovrebaSi dadasturebuli kalendaruli daarakalendaruli piris saxelebiistoriuli Txzuleba ,,qarTlis cxovreba’’, romelic agiografiuliZeglebis Sesadareblad gamoviyeneT, aseve mdidaria onimuri leqsikiT.masSi gvxvdeba sakvlev ZeglebSi dadasturebuli piris saxelebis isnawili, romlebic ganekuTvnebian rogorc kalendarul, ise arakalendarul saxelebs (yovel piris saxelTan vuTiTebT qarTlis cxovrebis Sesabamisi tomisa da gverdis nomers):abibosi, 1, 208.amona, 1, 372.abrahami, 1, 373.arSaki, 1, 28.11
aqabi, 1, 372.iakobi, 2, 3.aSoti, 1, 381.ieremia, 1, 372.beSqeni, 2, 206.iobi, 1, 373.bubaqri, 1, 209.konstantine, 1, 262.gobroni, 1, 263.lipariti, 1, 258.grigoli, 1, 142.miriani, 1, 60.guarami, 1, 218.mose, 1, 273.daviTi, 1, 98.nerse, 1, 132.damiane, 2, 492.noe, 1, 372.demetre, 1, 258.solomoni, 1, 373.enuqi, 2, 244.stefane, 1, 298.vardani, 1, 216.xuasro, 1, 246.varsqeni, 1, 216.jafari,1, 263.Teodosi 1, 216. 3. piris saxelTa kninobiT-alersobiTi formebipiris saxelTa ZiriTad specifikur niSnad miCneulia is, rom maTewarmoebaT kninobiT-alersobiTi formebi. moferebiToba-alersobiTobisgadmocema genetikurad dakavSirebulia sazogado saxelTa kninobiTis gamoxatvis saSualebebTan da warmoadgens sakuTar saxelTa morfologiurTaviseburebas. igi uSualo kavSirSia anTroponimTa ZiriTad funqciasTanmimarTva-daZaxebis daniSnulebasTan, rac, Tavis mxriv, garkveul zegavlenas axdens piris saxelTa morfologiur struqturaze.yuradsaRebia is faqti, rom pirTa saxelebis kninobiT–alersobiTiformebi dasturdeba adreqristianuli periodis ZeglebSi. agiografiulZeglebSi gvxvdeba ramdenime SemTxveva, rodesac adamianis sakuTari saxeli nawarmoebia kninobiTis -a sufiqsiT. -a aq derivatia, TarsaxelTaTanrigSigadaitana:romelsa ewoda kupra [12, 298];da saxeli misi werta [12, 317];romelsa ewoda sula [12, 317];12
4. fuZegaorkecebuli kompoziti piris saxeladrogorc cnobilia, fuZis gaorkeceba erT-erTi saSualebaa kompozitebis Sesadgenad rogorc saxelebSi, ise zmnebSi.agiografiul ZeglebSi gvxvdeba fuZis gameorebiT miRebuli pirissaxeli:. romelsa ewoda. laklaki [13, 339]. 5. tomisa da cxovelis saxeli piris saxelada) tomis saxeli adamianis saxelad:romelsa ewoda kaxaÁÎ saxelad mamulisa mis queyanisa [4, 165].b) cxovelis saxeli adamianis saxelad:. romlisaÎ ars saxeli kravi [12, 270]. 6. berZnuli warmoSobis piris saxelebiagiografiul ZeglebSi gvxvdeba piris saxelTa erTi jgufi, romelic ,,gadmocemulia im saxiT, rom sityvis fuZed miRebulia berZnulisnominativis forma (204, 145). qarTulSi aseTi formebi wminda literaturuli gziT aris damkvidrebuli:markelaoz [13, 321];klementoz [9, 229];Ãuedios [12, 253];dimitrios [12, 286];antonios [12, 285];anastos [12, 285]. 7. erobisa da berobis aRmniSvneli piris saxelebicnobili faqtia, rom Zveladac berad (monazvnad) aRkvecis SemTxvevaSi saxeldebis rituali swored iseTive pirobebiT sruldeboda, rogoriTac axla. RvTis samsaxurSi mudmivad yofnis msurvel pirs usaTuodSeucvlidnen saxels, kalendarulsac ki.agiografiul Zeglebs SemounaxavT personaJTa rogorc berad (monazvnad) aRkvecis SemTxvevaSi darqmeuli, ise maTi eriskacobis saxelebic:13
. ewoda pirvel miqael da merme gobron [5, 177];romelsa saxeli ewoda bevreulis da merme anastasia [12, 298];anatole, romelsa uwodes antonios [12, 285];. nugeSinis-sca dasa missa latavris, romelsa ukuanaÁsknel Teklaewoda [13, 339];saba, romelsa ewoda saban [12, 252];gÂrobandak, romelsa uwodes saxeli evstaTi [2, bic,rodesac personaJebs mxolod berobis saxelebiT vecnobiT:. da Cuen saxeli arseni uwodeT [12, 270];romelsa saxeli ewoda dimitrios, rameTu netarsa dedasa febronias ganezarda da mamisa grigolisda daemowafa [12, 286]. 8. piris saxelTa variantuli formebierTsa da imave an sxvadasxva agiografiul TxzulebebSi piris saxelebi warmodgenilia or an met variantad. variantebs qmnis fonetikuricvlilebebi: bgeris dakargva an CarTva, xmovnis an Tanxmovnis Senacvleba:abraham [4, 168] // abraam [4, 194];abusalasad [12, 292] // abulasaT [12, 292];adrnese [3, 55] // adarnase [5, 180] // adarnese [12, 263] // adarnerse [12, 315];ana [8, 193] // anna [12, 278];aroni [8, 201] // ahroni [13, 338];burzo [2, 32] // borzo [2, 32];demetre [12, 267] // dimitri [12, 268] // dimitrios [12, 268];etÂfane [12, 263] // epifane [12, 263];miqael [4, 165; 8, 192; 13, 322] // miqel [5, 177; 12, 280];noe [5, 173] // nove [12, 259];sofron [12, 294] //safron [12, 294];sÂmion [11,243] // sÂmeon [11, 243].unda SevniSnoT, rom erTi avtoris nawarmoebSi paraleluri formebi metyvelebs imaze, rom Ppiris saxelis daweriloba imdroindelsamwerlobo enaSi sabolood ar aris Camoyalibebuli.14
9. agiografiul ZeglebSi dadasturebuli piris saxelebiTanamedrove saqarTveloSiagiografiul TxzulebebSi dadasturebuli piris saxelebi ZiriTadad Zveli ebrauli, berZnuli (//Zveli berZnuli), laTinuri, arabuli,sparsuli, arabul-sparsuli, arameuli da qarTuli warmoSobisaa. ufroproduqtiulia berZnuli da Zveli ebrauli warmoSobis adamianTa saxelebi. bevri piris saxelis warmomavloba jer kidev Seuswavlelia. ZvelsaqarTveloSi gavrcelebuli piris saxelebi imave formiT davadastureTTanamedrove saqarTveloSi ormocdaCvidmet, xolo saxecvlili formiTocdasam SemTxvevamde.dRevandel saqarTveloSi farTod gavrcelebul saxelebad iTvlebapiris saxelebi, romlebic ormocdaaT adamians mainc hqvia.qvemoT warmovadgenT Zvel qarTul ZeglebSi dadasturebuli pirissaxelebis nusxas, xolo paralelurad vuCvenebT Tanamedrove saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul imave an saxecvlil formebs maTi gavrcelebismixedviT (agiografiul ZeglebSi warmodgenili piris saxelebis Sesadareblad gamoviyeneT: a. silagaZe, a. ToTaZe, gvar-saxelebi saqarTveloSi,1977).Zvel saqarTveloSiTanamedrove saqarTveloSiaabdila (?)abdula (382)abeli (ebr.)abeli (770)abibos (Zv. berZ.)abibo (54)abo//habo (arab.)abo (116)abrahami//abraami (Zv.ebr.)abrami (926)ana//anna (Zv. ebr.)ana (37180)anatole (berZ.)anatoli(3117)anatolia (52)andria (berZ.)andria (406)antoni (berZ.)antoni (1924)15
arseni (berZ.)arseni (3708)arSaki (iran.)arSaki (688)aSoti (?)aSoti (2047)bbagrati (sp.)bagrati (2093)basili (berZ.)vasili (14890)besarioni (berZ.)besarioni (2768)ggabrieli (Zv. ebr.)gabrieli (1419)gedeoni (Zv. ebr.)gedeoni (105)gerasime (Zv. ebr.)gerasime (489)giorgi (berZ.)giorgi (147454)grigoli (berZ.)grigoli (11554)guarami (arab.-sp.)gurami (28550)gurgeni (iran.)gurgeni (2009)ddaviTi (Zv. ebr.)daviTi (76051)damiane (berZ.)damiane (102)danieli (Zv.ebr.)danieli (699)daCi (qarT.)daCi (289)demetre (berZ.)//dimitri (berZ.)dodo (aq vaJis saxeli) (qarT.)demetre (128)dimitri (12833)dodo (6693)eeva (Zv. Eebr.)eva (1896)elia (Zv.ebr.)elia (76)16
elise (Zv.ebr.)elise (55)enuqi (?)enuqi (126)evstaTi (berZ.)estate (506)efremi (berZ.)efremi (271)efTvimi (berZ.)eqvTime (91)efrosine (berZ.)efrosine (364)vvazgeni (?)vazgeni (496)vardani (iran.)vardeni (582)zzaqaria (Zv. ebr.)zaqaria (4506)zenoni (berZ.)zeno (57)TTekla (berZ.)Tekle (946)Tevdore (berZ.)//TeodoreTeodore (87)Teodora (Zv. berZ.)Teodora (57)iia (aq kacis saxeli)(?)ia (13363)iakobi (Zv. ebr.)iakobi (2413)ilarioni (berZ.)ilarioni (612)ioane (Zv. ebr.)ioane (51)//ivane (18374)iosebi (Zv. ebr.)iosebi (14807)isaaki (Zv. ebr.)isaki (1047)ismaili (Zv. ebr.)ismaili (891)k17
kaxa (qarT.)kaxa (10540)kostantine //konstantine (laT.)konstantine (9010)llukiane (laT.)luka (1075)mmakari (berZ.)makari (362)mariami (Zv. ebr.)mariami (43698)miriani (sp.)miriani (3540)miqaeli (Zv. ebr.)miqaeli (265)mose (Zv. ebr.)mose (628)nnerse (?)nerse (221)nino (?)nino (92937)noe//nove (Zv. ebr.)noe (1900)nove (129)ppavle (laT.)pavle (6145)petre (berZ.)petre (4039)ssaba (aram.)saba (950)samoeli (Zv. ebr.)samueli (79)serapioni (berZ.)serapioni (254)svimeoni (Zv. ebr.)simoni (6669)solomoni (Zv. ebr.)solomoni (2819)sofroni (berZ.)sofromi (95)18
stefane (berZ.)stefane (2516)ttimoTe (berZ.)timoTe (62)ffebronia (?)febrone (404)SSio (iran.)Sio (600)SuSaniki (ebr.)SuSaniki (1710)xxaralampisi (berZ.)xarlampi (234)hherakle (berZ.)erekle (234)zemoT CamoTvlil piris saxelebze dakvirvebis Sedegad SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom Zvel saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul saxelTagan dRevandel saqarTveloSi yvelaze metad gavrcelebuli saxelebi yofila giorgi – 147454,nino – 92937, daviTi – 76051, mariami – 43698, ana – 37180, iosebi – 14807, dimitri – 12833, grigoli – 11554, kaxa – 10540 SemTxveva da naklebad gavrcelebuliioane – 51, elise – 55, Teodora – 57, timoTe – 62, elia - 76 SemTxveva.19
10. agiografiuli Zeglebis zogierTipiris saxelis genetikuri analizionomastikaSi genetikuri analizi gamoavlens saerTo amosavali inebiTadamaTsdazogjervariantebs. kurprocesTasakuTarsaxelTaSe-pirispirebiTi analiziT (241, isanalizsac,anuheterogenuri sakuTari saxelebis gamijvnasac.agiografiuli Zeglebis piris saxelTa genetikuri analizisaTvis gamoviyeneT Tanamedrove mkvlevris, z. WumburiZis sxvadasxva dros gamocemuli naSromebi ra gqvia Sen? da dedaena qarTuli (piris saxelebTancifrebiT vuTiTebT wyaros nomers).abeli (3, 5) (Zv. ebr.) saeWvo etimologiebiT niSnavs neli qarisqrola , wuxili , fusfusi , moCveneba , araraoba (258, 65).abo (3) gaqristianebuli arabis abo Tfilelis saxelia. qristianobisaTvis wamebuli abo qarTulma eklesiam wmindanad Seracxa da Seitanakalendarul saxelebSi, magram igi sul sxva warmoSobis saxels gabos(gabriel) daukavSira. sinamdvileSi abo ( habo) miRebuli Cans arabulisaxelisagan: habib ( sayvareli ) an abu ( mama ) (261, 120).abrahami (//abraami // abrami) (2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 13, 14) ebrauli saxelia,romlis mniSvnelobas ase xsnian mama mravalTa (258, 93).adami (5, 8, 12) (Zv. ebr.) niSnavs Tixa (wiTeli miwa), adamiani (255, 132).ana (//anna) (8, 12) warmoSobiT Zv. ebraulia da niSnavs saamo , madliani , sandomiani , sasurveli (261, 223).anastasia (13) (berZ.) mkvdreTiT aRmdgari , sicocxles dabrunebuli (261, 223).basili (12, 13) (berZ.) mefuri , samefo . amJamad ufro gavrcelebuliforma am saxelisa aris vasili. b da v bgeraTa monacvleobas TviTber-ZnulSive vxvdebiT. zogma enam (maT Soris qarTulma) isesxa ufro adrindeli forma, sadac b aris daculi, zog enaSi ki (rusulSi) gadaiRes v-inianiforma. amitom gvaqvs qarTulSi basili, rusulSi vasili. SemdgomSi zogier20
Ti v-iniani forma qarTulSic Semovida da amJamad gvaqvs paraleluri formebi: basil vasil. igive saxeli basili espaneTSi gavrcelebulia bazilio-sformiT. amaveZirs ukavSirdeba sityva bazilika, rac samefo akldamas niSnavs. basilis Sekvecili formaa qarTulSi basa (260, 99).besarioni (13) (berZ.) tyiani adgili , tyisa , tyexSiri (255, 138).giorgi (4, 5, 12, 13) (berZ.) miwis muSa , mxvnel-mTesveli , miwaTmoqmedi . Sedgeba ori sityvisagan: ge miwa , ergon muSaoba . garda qarTulisa, es saxeli berZnulidan Sesula agreTve somxurSi, sadac gamoiTqmis georq//geurq, rusulSi egor, iuri, frangulSi JorJ, inglisurSijorj, CexurSi irJi, polonurSi eJi da sxv. (259, 270).damiane (1) (berZ.) damSvidebuli , daSoSminebuli , damorCi
ToTaZis leqsikonSi gvar-saxelebi saqarTveloSi (1997), r. TofCiSvilis naSromSi qarTuli gvarsaxelebis istoriidan (2003) da sxv. geografiuli obieqtebis saxelwodebaTa mniSvnelobis axsna-ganmar-tebis cdebs vxvdebiT jer kidev Cvens eramde. am mxriv gansakuTrebiT ga-moirCeodnen Zveli berZeni da romaeli geograf-istorikosebi: herodote (daaxl.
la qarTuli suliTa, ikiTxeba rogorc qarTuli dramebi, warmogvidgeba qarTul nawarmoebebada, avtorebi rom gadaSaloT, moqmed pirebsac rom SeucvaloT saxelebi; anTu rao, ra Secvla undaT, _ imdeni ucxo saxeli Semosula CvenSi. vaxtang WeliZis Targmanebi gancdilia xelaxlada, xelaxladaa gadatanili procesSi Semoqmedebisa, xelaxladaa gadamuSavebuli Tu Seqm-
ver Seesabameba. mkurnalobis finansuri xelmisawvdomoba kiTxvis niSnis qveSaa. magaliTad, detoqsikaciuri mkurnalobis fasi 1,200 laridan 2,500 laramde meryeobs saxelmwifo dafinansebis SemTxvevaSi; mkurnalobis fasi 2,500 lars aRwevs, Tuki pacienti sakuTari jibidan faravs xarjebs (rodesac
socialuri unarebis Terapia . dReisTvis ar arsebobs raime samedicino testi, romelic autiz- . Tarebis rTuli darRvevebis jgufis zogadi saxeli. am darRvevebs axasiaTebs socialuri urTierTobis, verbaluri da araverbaluri komunikaciis da ganmeorebadi qcevebis sxvadasxva simZimis proble-
XIX saukune: epoqa da literatura julieta gaboZe . dainteresebuli mkiTxvelisaTvis gaecno saqarTvelos eklesia, kultura, istoria da . miakuTvna sapatio saxeli mociqulTa swori . mis xsenebas dResaswauloben 14 ianvars.
2. qarTuli saliteraturo enis dasabami da misi ganviTarebis ZiriTadi etapebi. qar- . 15. ricxviTi saxeli. raodenobiTi, rigobiTi da wilobiTi ricxviTi saxelebi. raodeno- . gvar qvemdebareebTan. qvemdebaris brunva sxvadasxva gvaris zmniT gadmocemul erT-
enis „minimaluri leqsikis“ mixedviT, maT Soris aRniSvnis Rirsia palmeris (Palmer 1938) „inglisuri sityvebis gramatika“ (A Grammar of English Words), hornbis da iSikavas (Hornby & Ishikawa 1940) „inglisur-iaponuri leqsikoni damwyebTaTvis“ (A Beginner’s English-Japanese Dictionary).
11. qristianobis oci saukune saqarTveloSi (gzamkvlevi qarTul da inglisur enebze). Tbilisi, 2004. 18 gv. . 1. testebi pedagogTa atestaciisTvis. saqarTvelos istoria. Semdgenlebi sergo vardosaniZe da medea keSelava. Tbilisi, 1996, 65 gv. . 14. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis da eparqiebis sakiTxi 1917-1952 ww._ Jurnali .
Dr. RUMKI BASU Professor of Public Administration Department of Political Science Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi Email: mailtorumkibasu@gmail.com and Dr. Moitri De Assistant Professor of Political Science Matasundri College for Women University of Delhi . 2 Introduction India’s urban population with 377 million (2011 Census) constituting 31.6% of our total population is projected to cross .
