UV-visible Spectroscopy Solutions - University Of Houston
UV-visible spectroscopysolutionsfor pharmaceutical analysisAgilent 8453 UV-visible spectrophotometerOur measure is your success.products applications software services
Agilent’s UV-visible systemsUV-visible spectroscopy solutions that satisfy the diverse needs of analystsin routine QA/QC, research, and method development laboratories.Tungsten lampDeuterium lampLensShutterLensSlitGrating1024-elementdiode arrayAgilent 8453 opticsThe Agilent 8453 UV-visiblespectrophotometer offers the latestin diode-array technology: Small footprint to save bench space Prealigned deuterium and tungstenlamp light sources for trouble-freemaintenance Built-in buttons to measure sample,standard, and blank for convenientmeasurements even when wearinggloves Thermally stable ceramic spectrograph for a wide operating temperature range Communication through GPIB or LANfor dedicated or networked PC control Firmware upgrade from PC for easyparticipation in future developments Built-in GPIO interface for control ofaccessories Compliance with all requirements ofthe European Pharmacopoeia (EP) andUnited States Pharmacopeia (USP)Good Laboratory PracticeThe diode-array advantagesThe Agilent 8453 supports compliancewith GLP regulations:Backed by over two decades ofexperience in the development andmanufacture of diode-array spectrophotometers, the Agilent 8453 givesyou clear advantages. Serial and firmware revision numberheld in firmware Own clock for time and date stampsof the spectra Extensive self-test procedures thatcheck the electronics and key opticalcharacteristics to ensure consistentperformance between validation Built-in electronic logbooks, whichcontain the results of self-tests, notesin instrument maintenance, eventsand errorsOptical performanceThe Agilent 8453 offers the advantagesof a diode array plus significantimprovements in optical performance: 190–1100 nm wavelength range 1 nm slit width 0.03 % stray light Fast spectral scanning for completespectral information useful for:- proof of identity and pureness ofthe sample- additional information for “out ofspecification test result” investigationin a regulated environment- re-evaluation with different method- multi-wavelength applications suchas user-defined equations- multicomponent analysis of mixtures Open sample area for convenientsample handling High throughput optics guaranteesexcellent signal-to-noise for highsensitivity Virtually absolute wavelengthresettability allows selection ofoptimum wavelength and use ofelectronic standards Exceptional ruggedness and reliability2
Sipper operation is easy with built-inmeasurement buttonsSide door for easy lamp changeOpen sample area means large accessories areeasy to use – here the Peltier cell holderSpecifications – Agilent 8453 UV-Visible spectrophotometerOptical performanceWavelength range190–1100 nmSlit width1 nmEP resolution test 1.6toluene in hexane, ratio abs. at 269 nm/266 nmStray light 0.03 %at 340 nm (NaNO2, ASTM) 0.05 % 1%at 220 nm (NaI, ASTM)at 198 nm (KCl, EP) 0.5 nm0.5-second scan (NIST 2034) 0.2 nmat 486.0 and 656.1 nmWavelength reproducibility 0.02 nmten consecutive scans (NIST 2034)Photometric accuracy 0.005 Aat 440.0, 465.0, 546.1, 590.0,and 635.0 nm, 1 A (NIST 930e) 0.01 Aat 235, 257, 313, 350, 430 nm,(potassium dichromate, EP method)Wavelength accuracyPhotometric noise 0.0002 Asixty 0.5 second scans at 0 A, 500 nm, rmsPhotometric stability 0.001 A/hat 0 A, 340 nm, after 1-hour warm up,measured over 1 hour, every 5 seconds,constant ambient temp.Baseline flatness 0.001 A0.5-second blank, 0.5-second scan, rmsTypical scan time1.5 secondfull rangeShortest scan time0.1 secondfull rangeTime until next scan0.1 secondfull range, 0.1-second scan,up to 150 consecutive scansHeight x width x depth185 x 344 x 560 mm (7.3 x 13.5 x 22.0 inches)Weight16.5 kg (36.3 lb)Power requirementsLine voltageLine frequency90–264 V AC47–63 HzPower consumption70 VA typicalAbsorbance (AU)Physical dimensionsRatio: 1.63Abs 0.246Abs 0.402Environmental conditionsOperating temperatureNon-operating temperature0–50 C (32–122 F)-40–70 C (-4–158 F)Humidity 95 %, at 25–40 C (77–104 F)Wavelength (nm)Spectrum of a 0.02 % v/v solution of toluenein hexane3
Good Laboratory PracticeEasy compliance to GLP for increased productivityAgilent Technologies and GLPAgilent plays a leading role in definingthe GLP-related responsibilities ofmanufacturers and users. And, Agilentimplements features in its productsthat enable users to comply with GLPregulations quickly, reliably, andproductively.Standards kitOQ/PV is made even easier usingAgilent standards kit, which meets theneeds of both the United States andEuropean Pharmacopoeias. The kitcomprises standard solutions insnap-open glass ampules which areinexpensive, easy-to-use and traceable.The standards let you check forphotometric accuracy, wavelengthaccuracy, stray light and resolution.Validation begins with themanufacturer .Agilent designs and develops productsaccording to documented procedures.Each product is validated before itleaves the factory. The Declaration ofConformity document is your assurancethat the spectrophoto-meter meetsspecifications. The Declaration of SystemValidation describes procedures usedin software and system development andis your assurance of software quality. and continues on siteAll you need for Installation Qualification(IQ) and Operational Qualification/Performance Verification (OQ/PV) isprovided for both the spectrophotometerand system software. Full documentationis included and, where appropriate,procedures are supported by softwareto save time. IQ and OQ/PV can beperformed by the user or are availableas services from Agilent.Access ControlTwo levels of permissions are defined andmanaged by the system administratoras user groups within Windows. Allaccess control features of Windowscan be applied such as passwordaging, uniqueness or account lock.The Agilent UV-visible ChemStationlogin is based on these user groupsand checks the permission rights ofthe users. For example, at the managerlevel, you can develop, modify and savemethods, at the operator level you onlycan load and run these methods butcannot save new methods or changeexisting ones. In the absence of theuser, the running system can be lockedfor unattended operation.Method integrityThe software saves all methodparameters (meta data) in a single,checksum-protected binary fileincluding method history. Existingmethod files cannot be overwritten.Electronic records and signaturesThe Agilent UV-visible ChemStationsoftware in combination with Windowsand the optional Security Pack can beconfigured to support the requirementsfor electronic records and signaturesfor a closed system as defined in FDA21 CFR part 11. Tools and products forsystem installation and operationalqualification also complete this solution.4Data integrityAgilent systems measure and save fullspectra, even if your current methodonly uses a single wavelength. Data isautomatically annotated with date,time, instrument identifier, operatorname, and sample information addedby the user. Result files include allinformation to reprocess the resultssuch as raw data, the complete methodas well as logbooks on the run. Even inthe case of the operator having deleteda spectrum from the set of spectra, thedeleted spectrum and the operatorscomment are saved with the result fileand are available for review.
Data securityChoose the testyou needThe protection of electronic records isone of the most important aspects ofdata security. The Agilent UV-visibleChemStation software saves data inchecksum-protected binary files. Incombination with Windows file systempermission settings, Agilent ChemStationoperators can not modify, rename, deleteor move any of the data or method files.Audit trailThe run logbook is automaticallygenerated by the Agilent UV-visibleChemStation and is part of the resultfile. It contains information such as,who and when the spectra weremeasured, saved, reprocessed, thecalibration modified or methodparameters changed.Electronic signaturesUsers can sign result files electronicallywith their user ID and password. Thepurpose of the signature as well as theuser name, date and time are stored inthe signature logbook that is integratedin the individual result file.Agilent traceablestandards kits forUV-visible instrumentoperationalqualification (OQ)and performanceverification (PV)and optional OQ/PVhardware kit savingtime and supportingOQ/PV procedures.5
Solutions for general purpose tasksEasy to learn and easy to use for increased productivityEasy to useCompatibilityThe Agilent 8453 UV-visible spectroscopysystem may well be the easiest UV-visiblesystem you will ever use. Three stepsare all you need to get results.The Agilent UV-visible ChemStation usesthe Microsoft Windows environmentso you can run other programs, suchas word processors and spreadsheets,at the same time, and transfer datausing copy-and-paste.Graphical user interfaceUsability tests performed with actualusers in their own labs initiated acompletely new approach to userinterface design. The Agilent 8453UV-visible spectroscopy system usessymbolic graphics to: make the system intuitive,easy to learn, and easy to use, provide confirmation of current statusat a glance, provide visual confirmation of actions, provide fast access to frequentlyperformed activities.AutomationA single dialog box makes setup forautomated analyses easy and quick.You can use automation to guide anoperator through a series of manualmeasurements, or combine it withsampling accessories to providesemi- or fully automated analysis.The automation function controls the Agilent sipper system the Agilent XY autosampler the Agilent multicell transportThe optional control samples allow youto run an automatic system suitabilitytest before quantitative analyses.61.Select the task you want2.Enter the parametersClear and simple reportsGenerating reports could not be easier.Simply click the printer icon in thetoolbar and a standard report is printed.When possible this standard report isprinted on a single sheet of paper. Thereport format depends upon the taskin use but all reports include essentialGLP information such as method anddata file name, date, time, operator,overlay of sample spectra and resulttable.3.Do the measurementProductivityThe Agilent 8453 system is a highlyproductive UV-visible spectroscopysystem. Its combination of ease oflearning, ease of use, fast spectralacquisition, fast data evaluation, reportgeneration, and automation lets youget results fast – even if you only usethe system occasionally.Add diagnostic tools such asperformance verification, systemdocumentation, and the extremereliability of the system and you willspend the minimum time withadministration or maintenance andrepair.Your results areautomatically displayedYou may print a report
Solutions for biochemical analysisKey biochemical applications in a single, easy-to-use systemEase of useMicrosamplingThe biochemical analysis softwarebuilds on the Agilent 8453 UV-visiblespectros-copy system. It provides theadditional tasks that the biochemistneeds and uses the same easy-to-usegraphical user interface. Preprogrammedmethods for protein and nucleic acidanalysis help you get up and running fast.A frequent problem for the biochemistis the small sample volume availablefor analysis. With the Agilent 8453spectrophotometer you can use microcells requiring as little as 15 µL of samplefor qualitative and precise quantitativeanalysis.Multicell kineticsProteins and nucleic acidsStandard methods are provided for thequalitative and quantitative analysis ofnucleic acids and proteins: 260/280 nm ratios (with optionalreference at 320 nm) for nucleic acidpurity Warburg-Christian calculation ofconcentration of nucleic acid orprotein in mixtures Biuret, Lowry, Modified Lowry,Bradford, Bicinchoic acid, andTrinitrobenzene sulfonate proteinquantification methodsFor productivity with enzyme kineticmeasurements the optional eightposition multicell transport can beused. You can freely configure whichpositions contain samples and blanksand you can select to subtract the rate ofone cell from the others.You can evaluate kinetic rates at a singlewavelength or subtract a referencewavelength. Rate calculation methodsinclude initial rate, zero order, firstorder, and delta absorbance. For asingle cell you can also display andcalculate rates at up to six individualwavelengths.Full spectra are always acquired, even inmulticell kinetics, so you can reevaluateresults at leisure7
Solutions for research and developmentThe power and flexibility to develop the optimum method and solve the toughest problemsPowerful data analysisMethod development toolsCustomizationThe advanced software providesunprecedented interactive andprogrammable data analysis capability:Four special utilities are provided toassist the user in developing the bestparameters for quantitative analysis:Virtually every aspect of the systemcan be customized through macroprogramming. 21 mathematical functions forprocessing spectra that you cancombine in any sequence Evaluate Standards for linearity –performs a single componentcalibration at each wavelength overa user-specified wavelength. Itdetermines the correlation coefficientand uncertainty at each wavelength.A series of predefined reports areavailable in the software. However,to fulfill specific needs, the user candefine their own customized reportsbased on the predefined reports oruser defined template. Flexible use of any number of singleor multiple wavelengths, or averagea range of values Evaluation using user-enteredequations, single-component ormulti-component analysis Up to four different types of dataanalysis performed on one set of datain parallel Comparison of data evaluation resultsusing different analysis parameters Use confirmation analysis withquantitative methods to check theidentity and purity of samples, and todetect if measurements are beingmade outside the linear range of theanalysisEnterprise content managementAgilent OpenLAB enterprise contentmanager (ECM) facilitates creation ofa knowledge base of UV-visibleChemStation methods and data acrosslarger entities based on web services.8 Compare Calibrations – puts theresults from two independentcalibrations side by side on thescreen for comparison. Optimize Wavelength for selectivityand accuracy – quantifies a userselected sample at all wavelengthsand plots the quantification resultsagainst wavelength. Test Method for precision – calculatesthe average and standard deviation ofmultiple analyses of an identicalsample.Multicomponent analysisMulticomponent UV-visible analysiscan provide a real alternative totime-consuming separations. Fastelectronic scanning, spectral curvefitting of standards to unknowns,excellent wavelength reproducibility,and maximum-likelihood statistics makesure that results are superior to thoseobtained with conventional mechanicalscanning spectrophotometers.Calibration is simple and fast usingpure standards or mixtures of standards.Statistics for the fit of the standardsto the sample spectra give youconfidence in your results.Electronic records and signaturesThe advanced mode can be combinedwith the security pack to support 21CFR part 11.Advanced automationWith the advanced automationcapability you can perform fullyautomatically complex measurement,data evaluation, and report generationsequences using single or multiplemethods for different types of samples.It can also be used to guide anoperator through a complex sequenceof manual measurement operations.Complex methods or automationprocesses that you develop on theadvanced system can be transferred toand executed on the general purposesystem.
Multi-componentanalysis withdiagnostic tools thatshow the quality ofthe resultsThe OptimizeStandards functionshows thewavelengths thatgive the bestcalibration9
Solutions for for dissolution testingThe most flexible and adaptable system for formulation development and routine testingEase of useCalculations and reportsThe dissolution testing software buildson the Agilent UV-visible ChemStationplatform. It provides the additional tasksthat are required for automated sampling,data evaluation and reporting, andapplies the same easy-to-use pictorialuser interface. All parameters necessaryto perform a dissolution test are storedin a single method file. Methods includeprocedures that guide the operatorthrough the specified tasks.Dissolution results are calculated inreal-time and reported based on differentoptions. The software can compensatefor volume changes caused, for example,by pH change, sampling or evaporation.This volume change function can beused to allow processing of dissolutiondata from the flow-through and ”Biodiss”apparatuses (USP 3, 4). A variety ofreport templates for different purposesare provided, including all GLP relevantinformation. Report templates formethod reports, calibration reports anddissolution test results are also available.To adapt the report to your specificneeds the report layouter can be usedto create custom report templates.Real-time displayDuring the dissolution test you get fulloverview of the system and bath statusand the progress of the dissolutionprocess. The graphical profile displayshows in real-time the progress in allvessels. A numeric display shows youthe actual values for each vessel atthe measurement time as well as theaverage and statistics. A spectralwindow always shows all spectra ofthe last cycle.Integration of third-party equipmentThe open architecture of the third-partyinterface allows integration of bathsthrough Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE).Major bath manufacturers provide thenecessary drivers to allow control andmonitoring of the baths through AgilentUV-visible ChemStation. Data acquiredfrom the baths become part of thecommon result file and can be integratedin the final report.10Standards and samples are measuredand stored in the result file as spectrathat are useful for positive sampleidentification and for a purity check.In the rare case of something goingwrong, the availability of all samplespectra is also very useful and canshorten an investigation dramatically.All method parameters (meta data) aswell as different logbooks are alsostored in the result file for completedocumentation and reprocessingcapabilities based on a single source.In addition, all features are availablewhich are built in the verification anddiagnostic software.Enterprise content managementGood Laboratory PracticeThe dissolution testing softwarefeatures specific tools for dissolutiontesting to help to comply with GLPregulations such as user defined preand post-dissolution sequences: Users can load only those methodsfor which they have permission Flow rate check of pumpAgilent OpenLAB enterprise contentmanager (ECM) facilitates creationof a knowledge base of UV-visibleChemStation methods and data acrosslarger entities based on web services.Electronic records and signaturesThe dissolution testing mode can becombined with the security pack tosupport 21 CFR part 11. Transfer of bath parameters to the bath Wash cycle to clean the tubing Remeasure standard Measure control for a systemsuitability test Medium testOffline dissolution testingIn offline dissolution testing the samplesare collected independently from theanalytical system. These samplesare measured by the Agilent 8453UV-visible dissolution testing systemusing standard cells or, for moreconvenience, with a sipper. In bothcases the operator is prompted forthe specific sample. For unattendedoperation an autosampler can be used.In all cases the sampling for blank,sample and control, is user-definable.
The run-time displayshows profiles,actual values andthe last spectra aswell as the statusof instrumentat a glanceThe user-definedsequence guides theoperator through thetasks done beforea dissolution runHigh-throughputQA/QC dissolutiontesting on up to fourbaths simultaneously11
Online sampling systemsAutomated systems with up to four dissolution bathsMulticell-based sampling systemMultichannel pumpThe multicell system is the mostcommonly used sampling system withsingle bath testing. It uses a multicelltransport with eight flow cells, one forthe blank, up to six for the individualvessels and one for a control, and amulti-channel pump to sample all vesselssimultaneously. A minimum cycle timeof two minutes is possible. Thedissolution medium is recycled so thatthere is no change in medium volumeduring the test. This system is themost versatile one and ideally suitedfor low volume QA testing as well asformulation development.Blank ControlMulticell transportSingle-bath multicellbased sampling systemDissolution vesselsControlWasteValve-based sampling systemBlankPumpThe valve-based system is the mostcost-effective solution. It uses aneight-port valve to switch betweenblank, control and the six dissolutionvessels, and has a single channel totransfer the sample. Because thesampling is sequential, the minimumcycle time is five minutes. At eachsampling cycle a small volume (about4 mL) of dissolution medium is lost butthe software can correct for this lossduring calculation of the results.ValveSingle-bath valvesampling systemDissolution vesselsMulti-bath sampling for increasedproductivityWhen you have large numbers ofsamples to analyze the Agilent 8453dissolution testing system incombination with the valve-based,multi-bath sampling system gives youthe highest productivity. The systemcan measure a blank, six vessels and acontrol in up to four baths all withinfive minutes. On each of the baths anindividual method can be used. Themethods and features are identical as withthe single-bath, valve-based system.12ControlBlank4 nkControlBlankMulti-bath dissolutionsampling system
Solutions for pharmaceutical analysisAt a glanceSelection of software modulesSelecting the dissolution sampling systemAdapt the 8453 spectroscopy system to your needs byadding different software modules to the general-purposesoftware. One or more modules can be added to at thesame time to support different applications. Agilent OpenLAB ECM allows you to manage data and methods acrosslarge entities.For offline dissolution testing, you can add a sipper orautosampler for increased productivity. For online dissolutiontesting, two kinds of sampling systems are available, parallelsampling using a multicell transport or sequential samplingusing a valve.If you work in a regulated environment, add the securitypack software for help with compliance to 21 CFR part 11.Please note that either the ECM module or Security packcan be installed on a UV-visible system.Increasing productivitySelect the valve system if: Upgrade to a multibath system is planned Only one flow cell should be used Staggered tablet drop is not a problem Budgets are tightSelect the multicell-based system, ifThe ChemStation software allows control of differentsampling systems to increase throughput. A commonfeature of the general purpose, advanced and dissolutionsoftware is that the predefined methods work with differentsampling systems – without changing parameters. A closed loop system is required Minimum cycle times must be achieved Parallel sampling is required for automatedtablet drop or basket methodsTherefore, a method developed for manual sampling caneasily be used with a sipper or autosampler, depending onthe actual demand.Sampling systemsAdd-on software modulesSecurity Packfor 21 CFR Part 11AdvancedSipperXY AutosamplerDissolutionDissolution testingMultibath dissolution testingCombined reportBiochemical AnalysisKineticsThermal denaturationECM AccessGeneral PurposeStandard tasksVerification and diagnostics8453PC8453 spectroscopy system with general purpose UV-visible ChemStation software13
AccessoriesCell holdersAgilent Technologies offers a range ofsingle cell holders, providing you withthe ability to analyze a wide variety ofsamples. Unless otherwise stated theholders accept cells with path lengthsup to 10 mm.Standard cell holder: Ensures quickand precise cell positioning for eachmeasurement. Supplied standard withall Agilent spectrophotometers.Thermostattable cell holder: Whenconnected to a circulating-water bath,ensures constant sample temperaturefor temperature-sensitive analyses.An optional accessory provides waterdriven stirring with magnetic stirringbar for 10-mm cells.Long-path length cell holder: Holdsrectangular and cylindrical cells withpath lengths up to 100 mm.Peltier thermostatted cell holder Random access to all positions Water-thermostattable using externalwater bath, 5–90 C temperature rangeand 0.3 degrees temperature differencebetween any two cells at 37 C Less than 1 second to move betweenadjacent cellsUse the Peltier controller and cell holderwhen you require precise or variabletemperature control: Built-in magnetic stirrer Heat exchanger for sample pre-heatingwhen using sipper system 0.1 mm position repeatability Fully controlled through software andGPIB interface Optional water-driven magneticstirring module External sensor for precise sampletemperature (optional)Sipper systemFor repetitive measurement of liquidsamples a sipper system improvesproductivity and eliminates errors causedby manual cell handling. The Agilentsipper system comprises a peristalticpump and a quartz flow cell: Full control through softwareMulticell transport Variable pump, delay, and return timeThe multicell transport provides asignificant increase in productivitywhen you need to do simple, repetitivemeasurements on a small number ofsamples, or when you want to followchanges in several samples (for example,enzyme kinetic studies). The multicelltransport features: Flow cell with 10 mm path length,3 mm diameter, and 80 µL volume Typical range of 10–100 C (-10 to 80 degrees relative to ambient)without need for water cooling Accuracy of 0.2 degrees at 20–40 C, 0.3 degrees at 0–20 C and 40–60 C, 0.5 degrees at 60–100 C Reproducibility of 0.1 degrees at0–60 C, 0.2 degrees at 60 C Stiring speed of 40–1000 rpm Constant-speed peristaltic pump withTygon pump tubing Minimum sample volume ofapproximately 1 mL Typical sampling time of 20 seconds Full control through software Eight cell positions (for example,one blank and seven samples)Cell holders14Multicell transportPeltier thermostatted cell holder
Agilent supportAutosamplerCombine an XY autosampler with asipper system and you can measurelarge numbers of samples fully automatically in unattended mode. TheXY autosampler features: Full control through software Capacity of up to 240 samples Wash station for optional rinsingbetween samples 10–13-mm diameter sample tubeswith maximum height of 100 mm Typical transit time (adjacent samples)of approximately 6 seconds (includingraising and lowering probe) Typical time per sample of 25 seconds(including sipper operation time) Minimum sample volume of 2 mL.CellsAgilent Technologies offers a range ofquartz cells for standard and flow-throughoperation including: Flow cells of different designs withscrew fittings and path lengths of0.1, 0.2, 0.5 1, 2, 5 and 10 mm Semi-micro and micro cells with pathlengths of 2 and 10 mm for minimumsample volumes of 15 and 60 µLrespectivelyThird-party accessoriesA wide range of accessories, designedfor or compatible with Agilent spectrophotometers are available: Custom Sensors & Technologyfiber optics coupler, fibers andsampling devices DBS Peltier devices for single celland multicell transportAgilent has support centers in 85countries supplying a wide range ofsupport products that can be tailoredto your needs.For example, the Agilent network ofAnalytical Response Centers providesdirect access to support professionalswho help you resolve operationaldifficulties, and offer assistance andadvice on running Agilent chemicalanalysis software. They also help youto solve analytical problems, to keepyour equipment up to date, and tomaintain GLP standards.All of us at Agilent are here to helpyou meet your pharmaceutical analysisgoals, not just now but also long intothe future. Gilson autosamplers that arecontrolled directly from the AgilentUV-visible ChemStation software Labsphere diffuse reflectanceaccessories Regular rectangular cells with pathlengths of 1, 2, and 10 mm Applied Photophysics stopped-flowaccessory for fast kinetics Cylindrical cell with 100-mm pathlength Hi-Tech stopped-flow accessory forfast kinetics Stoppered cells to protect yoursample from air and ideal for usewith the external sensor of thePeltier temperature controller Distek dissolution bathsSipper systemAutosamplerAsk your Agilent representative formore details or see the AgilentColumns and Supplies Catalog.www.agilent.com/chem/suppliesCells15
Learn more:www.agilent.com/chem/uvBuy online:www.agilent.com/chem/storeFind an Agilent customercenter in your country:www.agilent.com/chem/contactusU.S. and Canada1-800-227-9770agilent inquiries@agilent.comEuropeinfo agilent@agilent.comAsia Pacificadinquiry aplsca@agilent.comMicrosoft is a U.S. registered trademarkof Microsoft Corporation. Copyright 2008 Agilent TechnologiesPublished July 1, 2008Publication Number 5989-8681EN
The Agilent 8453 UV-visible spectroscopy system may well be the easiest UV-visible system you will ever use. Three steps are all you need to get results. Graphical user interface Usability tests performed with actual users in their own labs initiated a completely new approach to user interface design. The Agilent 8453 UV-visible spectroscopy .
1. Introduction to Spectroscopy, 3rd Edn, Pavia & Lampman 2. Organic Spectroscopy – P S Kalsi Department of Chemistry, IIT(ISM) Dhanbad Common types? Fluorescence Spectroscopy. X-ray spectroscopy and crystallography Flame spectroscopy a) Atomic emission spectroscopy b) Atomic absorption spectroscopy c) Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy
Visible spectroscopy Fluorescence spectroscopy Flame spectroscopy Ultraviolet spectroscopy Infrared spectroscopy X-ray spectroscopy Thermal radiation spectroscopy Detecting and analyzing spectroscopic outputs The goal of all spectroscopic systems is to receive and analyze the radiation absorbed, emitted, .
3 Relationship to UV-visible spectroscopy Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy or ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry refers to absorption spec-troscopy or re ectance spectroscopy in the untraviolet-visible spectral region. The absorption or re ectance in the visible range directly a ects the perceived color of the chemicals involved.
spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy are used to accurately analyze light in both the visible and ultraviolet light ranges. Both photometric methods measure the same wavelength range, but they differ in the type of samples they UV-VIS Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Part 1 of 2) Fig. 1 Examples of Common Light Emission
Electronic Spectroscopy Ultraviolet (UV) and visible (VIS) spectroscopy This is the earliest method of molecular spectroscopy. A phenomenon of interaction of molecules with ultraviolet and visible lights. Absorption of photon results in electronic transition of a molecule, and electrons are promoted from ground state to higher
Ultraviolet (UV) and Visible Spectroscopy 1.1 Introduction Ultravialet and visible spectroscopy deals with the recording of the absorption of radiations in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The ultaviolet region extends from 10 to 400 nm. It is subdivided into the near ultraviolet (quartz) region (200-
affordable spectroscopy solutions. 2 What is Spectroscopy? Spectroscopy is a powerful non-contact technique for quickly recognizing and characterizing physical materials through the variations in absorption or emission of different wavelengths of light. Spectroscopy can be performed using visible, infrared (IR), or ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths.
BSc Accounting and Finance Department of Accounting Pie chart showing breakdown by country yet to place *Data for registered BSc Accounting and Finance students in years 1-3 in 2013-14 This guide is printed on recycled stock. The programme The BSc Accounting and Finance programme is widely regarded as being at the forefront of international teaching in its field. It is known for pioneering .
