Transportation Security Awareness And All -Hazards Emergency Training

Transportation SecurityAwareness and All-HazardsEmergency TrainingFebruary 3, 2016

Today’s Presenters Moderator: Laurel Radow, FHWA Incorporating Transportation Security Awareness intoRoutine DOT Operations and Training, Jeff Western,Western Management and Consulting, LLC Interactive Training for All-Hazards EmergencyPlanning, Preparation, and Response forMaintenance and Operations Field Personnel, Dr.Yuko Nakanishi and Pierre Auza, Nakanishi Researchand Consulting LLC

NCHRP is.A state-driven national program The state DOTs, through AASHTO’s StandingCommittee on Research.– Are core sponsors of NCHRP– Suggest research topics and select final projects– Help select investigators and guide their workthrough oversight panels

NCHRP delivers.Practical, ready-to-use results Applied research aimed at stateDOT practitioners Often become AASHTOstandards, specifications,guides, manuals Can be directly applied acrossthe spectrum of highwayconcerns: planning, design,construction, operation,maintenance, safety

NCHRP uses.A range of research approaches Traditional NCHRP research reports Syntheses of highway practice Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis program studiesDomestic scans of innovative practicesQuick-response research for AASHTO committeesResearch for AASHTO and state DOT leadershipLong-range strategic studies

NCHRP Webinar Series Part of TRB’s webinar program Opportunity to interact with expertsand learn about challenges,opportunitiesand updates Complementary to other productsthat spread resultsand foster implementation– Reports and Syntheses– Research Results Digests– Legal Research Digests– Web-Only Documents and CD-ROMs

Today’s First Presenter NCHRP 793: Incorporating TransportationSecurity Awareness into Routine StateOperations and TrainingJeff Western, Western Management andConsulting, LLC

Today’s Second Presenters NCHRP Synthesis 468: Interactive Trainingfor All-Hazards Emergency Planning,Preparation, and Response for Maintenanceand Operations Field StaffYuko Nakanishi and Pierre Auza, NakanishiResearch and Consulting, LLC

NCHRP REPORT 793Incorporating Transportation Security AwarenessInto Routine State DOT Operations And Training

AgendaTeamApproachFindingsGuide OverviewCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC2

Research TeamPrincipalInvestigator Jeff WesternCountermeasuresAssessment &Security ExpertsErnest “Ron” Frazier, Dave Ekern, MikeSmithWesternManagement andConsultingPat Bye (Assistant PI)CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC3

The GoalObjective: Develop a guide for incorporating transportation security awarenessinto routine state DOT operations and training.Research ApproachCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC4

Literature Review: Focus Federal Security Training RequirementsTransportation Security Training Guidance and Available TrainingSecurity Awareness ProgramsAcademic Research on Security Training and Employee TrainingSecurity Awareness Training Components and Effective DeliveryMethodsCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC5

Requirements & Guidance 9/11 Act “Implementing Recommendations of 9/11 Commission Act of 2007” HazMat Transportation Law (49 U.S.C. § 5101 et seq.) Federal Security Grant Guidance FDA Guidance for Food Producers, Processors, and Transporters 2010 Department of Homeland Security Quadrennial ReviewAPTA Recommended Practice: Security Awareness Training forTransit Employees issued March 2012Security Awareness Training should be provided to ALL transitemployeesNCHRP Report 525, Vol. 14 Security 101: A Physical SecurityPrimer For Transportation AgenciesOutlines security program elements including training for DOT securityawareness programCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC6

Highway Security AwarenessSecurity Awareness Training TSA security awareness brochures,tip cards, and posters FHWA resources including courses: Freight Security Awareness First Responder Awareness toTerrorist Threats for Bridges andTunnels Risk Management TrainingSecurity Awareness ProgramsFirst ObserverDHS/TSABrochuresFHWA HighwayInfrastructure Security &Emergency ManagementProfessional CapacityBuilding WebsiteCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC7

Transit Security AwarenessSecurity Awareness TrainingSecurity Awareness Programs Mass Transit Security TrainingProgram Curriculum guidance Transit Security Grant Programfunding FTA/TSA & FEMA courses National Transit Institute (NTI) Security Awareness for TransitEmployees Employee Guide to SystemSecurityCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC8

Cross-Cutting TrainingState Security Awareness TrainingOther Security Awareness TrainingState Emergency ManagementAgency (SEMA) Training CoursesTRB’s NationalCooperative HighwayResearch Program Report525: SurfaceTransportation Security,Volume 7: SystemSecurity Awareness forTransportation EmployeesFirstObserverFood DefenseModuleCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC9

Survey Results: Security Training 60% of the survey respondents indicated that their organizationrequired or encouraged training in transportation security. However nn other types of training had substantially higher levels of response.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC10

Conclusions from Research There are less and less resources for training in general. Rich body of course material exists for DOTs to use. Transit has established and adopted practices for security awarenesstraining. Security responsibility is either perceived or in reality rests with otherorganizations.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC11

Principles of Guide Development Promote the importance of security awareness for use by DOTmanagers. Provide guidance for incorporating security awareness intoroutine DOT operations and training. Focus on awareness campaign to enhance or add to the training,operations and exercises state DOTs and other organizations arecurrently doing or performing. Use a format that works within the frameworks that already exist.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC12

Guide Content: Coordination & IntegrationSecurityAwarenessNCHRP Report 793Operations &MaintenanceNCHRPSynthesis 468ExistingSecurityTrainingContentCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC13

Guide OutlinePrefaceHow to Use This GuideIntroduction Role of State DOT in SecurityPart 1Organizational ReadinessPart 2“Security is Everybody’s Business”Part 3Promoting Security AwarenessPart 4Resources and ReferencesCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC14

How to Use GuideTo help state DOTS improve the security of transportationsystems, Guide highlights the importance of security awarenessand focuses on how incorporate security awareness into existingtransportation operations and maintenance.It includes: Brief overview of the current role of State DOTs in security Key questions to ask ensure organizational readiness tosupport a security awareness program Core components of a security awareness campaign Cost-effective methods for promoting security awareness withina state DOTCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC15

IntroductionState DOTs are not lead security players. In most states security may reside in stateemergency management, homeland security or law enforcement.All transportation employees contribute to security. Because of their continuedpresence in/on infrastructure and assets, transportation employees are: often the first to notice or learn about suspicious activity/objects uniquely positioned to identify issues, problems and deviations from what is usual.Security awareness consists of: being aware of the potential risks recognizing a security risk“Awareness is not training.The purpose of awareness issimply to focus attention onsecurity.” NIST understanding how security fits into daily routines knowing how to respond to a security threat.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC16

Organizational Readiness: Key QuestionsThere are fundamental capabilities that must be in place to ensure thata transportation agency IS READY and can SUPPORT an effectivesecurity awareness program.Five Key Questions to Ask1. Is there management support for security awareness?2. Has a reporting structure been identified and/or articulated, e.g. whatgets reported to whom?3. What awareness behaviors should be recommended and reinforced,e.g. what should employees look out for?4. Are there documented security procedures AND REPORTINGMECHANISMS in place?5. Are there existing organizational relationships with law enforcement,e.g. can employees call an established contact number?CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC17

Security Is Everyone’s ResponsibilityThree key principles underlying transportation Security Awarenessprograms are:1. Security is everybody's business.2. Talking about security is just as important as doing somethingphysical about security.3. It is important that leadership supports and reinforces the securityawareness program.Security is a shared responsibility that is partof everyone’s ‘day job’.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC18

Security Awareness MessagesGeneralMessagesKnowing theRisksObserving &RecognizingReportingPrinciples of Effective Messages Relevant and appropriate Realistic Consistent Actual examples from agencyCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC19

Security Awareness DOs & DON’TsBe Vigilant and Keep Yourself Safe DO report unusual or suspicious people or items right away. DO record as many details as possible. DO NOT take risks that that could harm yourself or others. DO NOT try to “handle it” yourself. DO NOT confront a suspicious individual. DO NOT touch, move or cover a suspicious substance or object. Do NOT allow an unauthorized person access to restricted areas.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC20

ReportingProcedureExample of State DOTreporting process fromTexas Department ofTransportation.CASE, LLC and WMC, LLC21

Promoting Security Within DOTsPotential Approaches Senior leaders/managementinclude security awareness in allcommunications to employees. Discuss security at the small unitlevel, e.g. tailgate sessions. Incorporate security awarenessinto existing training, both newemployee and position-specifictraining.General TipsTo keep security “top of mind”: Look for opportunities to tell thesecurity story. Take easy steps that remindpeople about security. Keep messages short and simple. Repetition is good. Include security messages inregular agency communications,e.g. posters, in-box reminders,attached to paychecks.22

Appendices Current training with links to resources and training courses. Training Center Resources and Contact List. Directory of other related resources including: Transportation Security Training Guidance Transportation Security Awareness Programs such as If You SeeSomething, Say Something and First Observer Research Studies ReferencesCASE, LLC and WMC, LLC23

Thank YouFor additional information please contact:Jeff WesternJeffrey.Western@consultingwestern.comPat ByePat.Bye@consultingwestern.comRon Frazierronfrazier@caseexperts.comC.A.S.E. and Western Mgt & Consulting24

Interactive All-Hazards Training forMaintenance & Operations Field PersonnelHighlights of the NCHRP Synthesis 468 ProjectTRB Webinar February 3, 2016 Dr. Yuko NakanishiPierre Auza

Outline IntroductionProject Background/OverviewImplementation ChallengesStrategies and ToolsThe Toolkit

Above: Creating safe zone for incident response operations by blockinglanes with fire engine & traffic cones. (FHWA/Ronald Moore)

Source: CPG 101Preparedness Cycle(1)(5)(2)(4)(3)

Project Overview

Transportation Field WorkersThey must work:They must:(1) In Traffic, Recognize various hazards(2) Under the Public Eye, Knowwhattodo,whatnottodo(3) With equipment difficultto operate/maneuver, & (Simple Incident Complex)Be ready to be the first on scene(4) With noise, dirt, extremetemperatures Integrate themselves into ENATIONAL0-2 HOURS2-24 HOURSDAYSWEEKS(Ex) Simple to Complex:From minor traffic incidentTo large chemical explosion

National Incident Management SystemSource: 2008 NIMS coredocument(NIMS)NIMSComponents Is comprehensive,nationwide, scalable,and dynamic Takes an All-Hazardsapproach Is a standardizedresource managementprocedure1. Preparedness2. Communications &Information Management3. Resource Management4. Command & Management5. Ongoing Management &Maintenance