CXT ConCreTe Tie CaTalog - L.B. Foster
CXT Concrete Ties CXT ConCreTe Tie CaTalog
CXT Concrete Ties — Specifications 100-06 COnCRETE TIE 100S-09 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: Fastclip Elastic Fastener System: Fastclip Design Weight: 610 lbs Design Weight: 610 lbs Length: 8’ 3” Length: 8’ 3” Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 278 in-kips Center negative 153 in-kips Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 278 in-kips Center negative 153 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 6.5 mm pad Pad: 6.5 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 115 lb rail or other 5½” base rail sections Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections 429-20 COnCRETE TIE 419-22 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Design Weight: 595 lbs Design Weight: 610 lbs Length: 8’ 3” Length: 8’ 3” Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 268 in-kips Center negative 150 in-kips Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 277 in-kips Center negative 152 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 6.5 mm pad Pad: 6.5 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 115 lb rail or other 5½” base rail sections Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Specifications for reference only. CXT Concrete Ties 2
lbfoster.com CXT Concrete Ties L.B. Foster offers a complete line of CXT concrete railroad ties. Our catalog of concrete ties includes standard track, turnout, gantry and specialty ties, such as guard rail, restraining rail and grade crossing ties. All CXT concrete ties are designed in accordance with AREMA specifications and can be customized to meet customer requirements. CXT concrete ties will improve reliability of existing tracks and build longterm performance into tomorrow’s industrial applications, shipping ports, transit systems and high speed trains. L.B. Foster’s dedicated sales and engineering staff can work closely with you to optimize tie design and develop spacing based on axle load impact, speed and tonnage. Our concrete ties are engineered to require minimum maintenance to maintain track gauge in the harshest conditions over long periods of time. CXT concrete ties have high flexural strength and are developed to work in conjunction with their fastening system and track ballast to resist lateral, longitudinal and vertical movement. When compared to traditional wood and steel ties, CXT concrete ties will provide longer in-track life and reliability. Cost benefits can also be realized with the increased tie spacing of concrete ties when compared to wood or steel ties. CXT concrete ties are manufactured at strategically located facilities in Spokane, Washington and Tucson, Arizona. These plants are ISO 9001:2008 certified and produce a complete series of concrete ties for all applications. ISO 9001:2008 Certified PCI Certified
CXT Concrete Ties — Specifications 100-06 COnCRETE TIE 100S-09 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: Fastclip Elastic Fastener System: Fastclip Design Weight: 610 lbs Design Weight: 610 lbs Length: 8’ 3” Length: 8’ 3” Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 278 in-kips Center negative 153 in-kips Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 278 in-kips Center negative 153 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 6.5 mm pad Pad: 6.5 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 115 lb rail or other 5½” base rail sections Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections 429-20 COnCRETE TIE 419-22 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Design Weight: 595 lbs Design Weight: 610 lbs Length: 8’ 3” Length: 8’ 3” Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 268 in-kips Center negative 150 in-kips Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 277 in-kips Center negative 152 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 6.5 mm pad Pad: 6.5 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 115 lb rail or other 5½” base rail sections Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Specifications for reference only. CXT Concrete Ties 2
lbfoster.com CXT Concrete Ties — Specifications 200S-13 COnCRETE TIE 200S-50 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: Safelok I Elastic Fastener System: Safelok III Design Weight: 700 lbs Design Weight: 700 lbs Length: 8’ 6” Length: 8’ 6” Flexural Strength: –Railseat positive 319 in-kips –Center negative 218 in-kips Flexural Strength: –Railseat positive 319 in-kips –Center negative 218 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 8.0 mm pad Pad: 7.5 mm – 3-part pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Rail Section: 141 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections CT6S-66 COnCRETE TIE 399-21 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Design Weight: 700 lbs Design Weight: 530 lbs Length: 8’ 6” Length: 6’ Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 312 in-kips Center negative 217 in-kips Flexural Strength: Center negative 152 in-kips 24” on center Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24” to 30” on center Tie Spacing: Concrete: Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 9.0 mm pad Pad: 5.0 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: Flat Rail Seat Cant: 1:20 Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Rail Section: 135 lb crane rail 171 lb crane rail 175 lb crane rail Specifications for reference only. 3
CXT Concrete Ties — Specifications 505S-50 COnCRETE TIE 529S COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: Safelok III Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Design Weight: 735 lbs Design Weight: 610 lbs Length: 8’ 6” Length: 8’ 6” Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 381 in-kips Center negative 224 in-kips Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 280 in-kips Center negative 157 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for 24” on center tie spacing Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for 24” to 28” on center tie spacing Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 7.5 mm – 3-part pad Pad: 6.5 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 141 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Rail Section: 100 lb rail 115 lb rail or other 5½” base rail sections 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections 200S-67 COnCRETE TIE 200S-V1 VOSSLOh COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip Elastic Fastener System: Vossloh Design Weight: 700 lbs Design Weight: 710 lbs Length: 8’ 6” Length: 8’ 6” Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 319 in-kips Center negative 205 in-kips Flexural Strength: Railseat positive 319 in-kips Center negative 205 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for 24” - 30” on center tie spacing Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for 24” - 30” on center tie spacing Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Concrete: 7,000 psi minimum 28 day compressive strength with air entrainment Pad: 5.0 mm pad Pad: Vossloh Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Rail Section: 115 lb rail or other 5½” base rail sections 136 lb rail or other 6” base rail sections Specifications for reference only. CXT Concrete Ties 4
lbfoster.com CXT Concrete Ties — Specifications ApplicAtions FAstening systems Transit Industrial /Port Mainline (Low Density) 100-06 n n n 100S-09 n n n 429-20 n n n n 419-22 n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n Tie 200S-13 200S-50 CT6S-66 Mainline (heavy haul) 200S-67 Fastclip Safelok l Safelok lll n n n n n n n n CXT Concrete Ties can be coated with epoxy or polyurethane at customer’s request. Flexural strength is determined by AREMA specifications based on speed, tonnage and tie spacing. The Fastclip, Safelok III and Vossloh are fully captive (clip, pad and insulator are pre-installed by the manufacturer prior to shipment). The Safelok I is semi-captive (clip and pad are pre-installed by the manufacturer prior to shipment). Custom ties made to your design application. CXT can customize our concrete ties for most rail sections using specialized insulators. Specialty Ties RESTRaInIng RaIL COnCRETE TIE e-Clip, Fastclip or Safelok fastening systems available 6” or 5 1/2” rail base guaRD RaIL TIE e-Clip, Fastclip or Safelok fastening systems available 6” or 5 1/2” rail base CROSSIng RaIL TIE LVT BLOCk e-Clip, Fastclip or Safelok fastening systems available 10’ grade e-Clip, Fastclip, Safelok or Vossloh fastening any rail base can be accommodated 5 Vossloh n n 505S-50 200S-V1 e-Clip n 399-21 529-S gantry
Turnouts and Crossing Trackwork TuRnOuTS Turnouts, crossovers and double crossovers are available in the following sizes: #6, #7, #11, #14, #15, #20, #24 and #30 Formations Tie spacing: Ties are spaced 30” on center between switch and frog and at least 24” or greater in the switch and frog. This reduces the number of ties in a typical turnout by approximately 25% and less ties require fewer special trackwork plates and reduces the installation cost. STRaIghT CROSSIng LEFT hanD TuRnOuT RIghT hanD TuRnOuT FROg CROSSIng unDER 30 EquILaTERaL TuRnOuT ThREE-Way TuRnOuT CXT Concrete Ties RIghT hanD CROSSOVER LEFT hanD CROSSOVER DOuBLE TuRnOuT 6
lbfoster.com Fastening Systems e-CLIP – STanDaRD ELaSTIC FaSTEnIng SySTEM FaSTCLIP – FuLLy CaPTIVE FaSTEnIng SySTEM SaFELOk I – SEMI-CaPTIVE FaSTEnIng SySTEM SaFELOk III – FuLLy CaPTIVE FaSTEnIng SySTEM FaSTCLIP FE SySTEMS VOSSLOh FaSTEnIng SySTEMS 7
CXt RfID tracker Concrete tie RemOte mOnItORIng ImPROveS COnCRete tIe LIfe CyCLe management L.B. Foster is casting an integrated circuit chip into a specialized CXT concrete tie to provide Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) of their product for remote monitoring applications. All associated component attributes are easily retrievable in real time, enabling more efficient supply chain and product life cycle management. This remote system tracks a tie’s location from manufacturing through customer inventory to track installation. A remote search by product type, serial number or specification will return a geographic location of each tie with GPS coordinates. The search can determine tie type, reinforcement characteristics, customer and internal specifications, fastening components, material composition and part drawings. The CXT RFID Tracker is a passive transponder and chip cast into the top surface of the concrete tie under approximately oneeighth inch of grout cover. The chip is embedded in a polymer laminate that is waterproof, shock and impact resistant, and UV protected. It has memory retention of 50 years and features an optical barcode and human-readable backup. The RFID Tracker has an operating temperature range of -50 C to 85 C. Each time the RFID tie is scanned, information, such as date, time, user ID, and GPS coordinates, is uploaded to a database via a wireless network or Wi-Fi internet connection and associated to the tie’s unique serial number. Online map indicators present GPS coordinates of a product search query and provide detailed product information for the user. Data capture in the plant is via mobile handheld devices, such as Apple iPads. Personnel can easily retrieve relevant drawings and specification documentation from the engineering database. In track, automated RFID readers are attached to rail mounted equipment. CXT’s RFID Tracker will increase the railroads’ productivity by improving communication between all the players in the product life cycle. PRODuCt BenefItS Accessible product data Efficient inventory control Improved maintenance Optimal life cycle management Online map location eaSILy aCCeSSeD PRODuCt Data CXT concrete tie type Reinforcement characteristics Customer and internal specifications Fastening components Raw materials (aggregate, cement) Part drawings 8
lbfoster.com Industrial and Port facility track Structures CXt COnCRete tIeS aDD SuStaInaBILIty anD LeSSen COSt fOR InDuStRIaL anD PORt PROjeCtS For more than two decades L.B. Foster has worked closely with owners and engineering firms to standardize a CXT concrete tie design that is environmentally-sound, economically-effective and provides proven life cycle cost benefits. Our CXT industrial ties offer solutions that save time and money while providing a better track structure compared to that of wood or steel ties. CXT concrete ties also have the flexibility to be customized to meet our customer’s specific requirements. CXT concrete ties can provide an estimated cost savings of 10% to 15% when compared to timber ties using conventional track construction methods. When mechanized track laying systems are used, the CXT expense can be as much a 20% to 30% lower than wood ties. Life cycle maintenance expenses for concrete ties are also lower than wood tires. Our concrete ties are more environmentally-friendly than wood ties. Greenhouse gas emissions associated with the manufacture and life cycle of concrete ties appear to be less than those produced by timber ties. CXT concrete ties also require no toxic preservatives and avoid the disposal issue associated with treated timber ties removed from service. CXT fully pre-stressed concrete ties have a minimum length of 8’3’’, weigh 600 pounds or less and can be spaced up to 28” centers provided there is a minimum ballast section of 8” below the tie. CXT concrete ties have been used on major West Coast and Columbia River port projects, food processing plants, oil refineries, cement plants, landfills, wood processing plants, intermodal facilities, coal fire generation plants, ethanol plants, and coal and ore mines. Speed (mph) tie Spacing 24” 26” 28” 30” 10 70 65 55 50 15 70 65 55 50 20 70 65 55 50 25 65 60 50 45 30 60 55 45 40 40 50 45 35 30 50 40 35 30 25 60 35 30 20 15 70 30 20 15 N/A 80 20 15 N/A N/A Note: These allowances are exclusive to the tie design and do not take into consideration other factors such as subgrade condition, ballast pressure, ballast type and ballast section, which may limit tie spacing or speed from the values shown. 9
Sustainable CXT Concrete Tie Technology CXT Concrete Ties offer a sustainable alternative to other types of ties currently used in the North American rail industry. Concrete ties provide superior environmental and energy benefits in their manufacturing and use. EnVIROnMEnTaLLy FRIEnDLy PRODuCT DESIgn Concrete ties are not treated with any chemicals that have the possibility of leaching into the ground. The steel clips, castings and inserts, as well as steel wire reinforcement, are manufactured using upwards of 90% recycled scrap steel. Concrete ties can be crushed and all components can be recycled. 1. Produced with environmentally friendly concrete. No creosote or residue Lower carbon footprint compared to wood 2. Castings, clips and inserts are made from recycled scrap steel. 3. Reinforcing steel wires are made from recycled scrap steel. REDuCED gREEnhOuSE gaS (ghg) EMISSIOnS The manufacturing and use of concrete ties can result in one-half to as little as one-sixth the amount of GHG emissions associated with the use of wood ties over their expected life. A variety of factors provide this advantage: Depletion of critical natural resources Greater track strength (requiring fewer ties per length of track) Mining and use of raw materials to produce concrete ties vs. timber harvesting Lower maintenance requirements Track constructed using concrete ties is stiffer, providing a higher track modulus. Higher track modulus results in reduced rolling resistance. Reduced rolling resistance allows railroads to improve their fuel efficiency. Up to a 7% reduction in rolling resistance provides a 1.2% to 4.5% reduction in fuel consumption. CXT Concrete Ties Energy Savings OuR COMMITMEnT TO SuSTaInaBILITy Minimize the use of natural gas to heat production beds through increased utilization of ambient conditions. Investigate the use of biofuels in manufacturing. Conserve lighting needs through the use of high efficiency lighting to illuminate facilities. Minimize contaminants in waste water by increased use of filter presses. Minimize hazardous waste by controlling the use of toxic chemicals during manufacturing and investigate the use of other alternative chemicals. Reduce electrical demand by installing high efficiency motors. Establish a “Go Green” committee to focus on developing and implementing new sustainability initiatives. all components of CXT Concrete Ties are recyclable. 10
lbfoster.com CXT Concrete Ties Benefits EaSE OF InSTaLLaTIOn CXT concrete ties, using any fastening system with a pre-set gauge, can be installed at rates of up to 1,200 ties per day. gREaTER EFFICIEnCy Fewer concrete ties per track mile are required versus timber or other types of ties. gREaTER LIFE EXPECTanCy CXT concrete ties outlast other types of ties. REDuCED MaInTEnanCE A stiffer foundation for the track system reduces required lining and surfacing maintenance and provides accurate track gauge. gREaTER FuEL ECOnOMy Less friction and stiffer track structure allow rolling stock to move with less resistance and decreases fuel consumption. EnVIROnMEnTaLLy SaFE CXT concrete ties contain no hazardous chemicals to harm the environment. EXCELLEnT gaugE hOLDIng Our elastic fastening system increases resistance to longitudinal rail movement developed by thermal stress and traffic loads. SaFETy Limited lateral and longitudinal movement of rail reduces derailments and minimizes derailment damage.
L.B. FOSTER RAIL PRODUCTS SUPPORT RAIL SYSTEMS WORLDWIDE L.B. Foster Rail Products has grown for more than a century to become a leading supplier and manufacturer of quality railroad equipment for mainline, transit, mining, port and industrial markets worldwide. Today, our company supplies rail, rail accessories and project services that meet the diverse needs of major rail systems around the globe. We provide a complete catalog of products necessary to build and maintain mainline, transit and industrial track structure. Our full line of rail products includes new rail, crane rail, insulated rail joints, rail lubrication systems, rail monitoring technology, concrete rail ties, transit rail systems and trackwork materials. L.B. Foster’s Allegheny Rail Products manufacturers quality insulated rail joints and related products for use by all rail customers. Transit Products provides commuter and light rail transit systems with direct fixation fasteners, contact rail and related products. CXT Concrete Ties manufactures high performance concrete ties for use in heavy haul, transit and industrial rail operations. Our Rail Technologies group provides innovative solutions for a variety of wheel/rail interface challenges that include hi-rail, on-board and wayside lubrication and performance monitoring systems. INFRASTRUCTURE PRODUCTS FOR INTERNATIONAL MARKETS L.B. Foster is a leading manufacturer, fabricator and distributor of quality transportation and construction materials. Our company supplies transportation, construction, utility, energy, recreation and agriculture markets with the materials necessary to build and maintain their infrastructure. L.B. Foster is committed to meeting customer requirements and increasing buyer satisfaction through the continual improvement of its products and services. Toward this end, L.B. Foster maintains ongoing programs to enhance product quality, improve operational processes and assure employee safety. CXT Concrete Ties 12
L.B. FOSTER RAIL PRODUCTS SUPPORT RAIL SYSTEMS WORLDWIDE L.B. Foster Rail Products has grown for more than a century to become a leading supplier and manufacturer of quality railroad equipment for mainline, transit, mining, port and industrial markets worldwide. Today, our company supplies rail, rail accessories and project services that meet the diverse needs of major rail systems around the globe. We provide a complete catalog of products necessary to build and maintain mainline, transit and industrial track structure. Our full line of rail products includes new rail, crane rail, insulated rail joints, rail lubrication systems, rail monitoring technology, concrete rail ties, transit rail systems and trackwork materials. L.B. Foster’s Allegheny Rail Products manufacturers quality insulated rail joints and related products for use by all rail customers. Transit Products provides commuter and light rail transit systems with direct fixation fasteners, contact rail and related products. CXT Concrete Ties manufactures high performance concrete ties for use in heavy haul, transit and industrial rail operations. Our Rail Technologies group provides innovative solutions for a variety of wheel/rail interface challenges that include hi-rail, on-board and wayside lubrication and performance monitoring systems. INFRASTRUCTURE PRODUCTS FOR INTERNATIONAL MARKETS L.B. Foster is a leading manufacturer, fabricator and distributor of quality transportation and construction materials. Our company supplies transportation, construction, utility, energy, recreation and agriculture markets with the materials necessary to build and maintain their infrastructure. L.B. Foster is committed to meeting customer requirements and increasing buyer satisfaction through the continual improvement of its products and services. Toward this end, L.B. Foster maintains ongoing programs to enhance product quality, improve operational processes and assure employee safety. CXT Concrete Ties 12
Manufacturing facilities sales offices coMpany headquarters Mark Hammons - National Sales Manager Phone: 509.921.8726 Mobile: 509.979.6891 E-mail: mhammons@lbfoster.com Ginger Isaacson - Project Manager Phone: 509.921.8723 Mobile: 509.220.5930 E-mail: gisaacson@lbfoster.com Chuck Parks - Territory Sales Manager Phone: 509.921.8736 Fax: 509.209.1624 E-mail: cparks@lbfoster.com Reid Bryan - Project Coordinator Phone: 509.921.8762 Mobile: 509.209.4935 E-mail: rbryan@lbfoster.com lbfoster.com CXT Concrete Ties
100-06 COnCRETE TIE 100S-09 COnCRETE TIE 429-20 COnCRETE TIE Elastic Fastener System: e-Clip 610 lbs Length: Railseat positive 277 in-kips Center negative 152 in-kips Tie Spacing: Meets AREMA structural performance criteria for tie spacing from 24" to 30" on center 6.5 mm pad Rail Seat Cant: 1:40 Rail Section: 136 lb rail or other 6" base .
www.cxtinc.com 2 0 2 1 CXT concrete buildings are manufactured at our facilities in Nampa, ID, Hillsboro, TX and Williamstown, WV. Our plants are ISO 9001:2015 certified and produce a
70 63 56 50 40 34 32 25 20 16 15 12.5 10 8 7.5 6.3 5 4 3.2 2.8 2.5 2 1.6 1.25 1 M5 2m C M6 3m D ISO FEM CMAA Duty classes CXT7 CXT6 CXT5 CXT4 CXT2&3 WHEN YOU NEED MORE LIFTING CAPACITY, GET TO KNOW OUR CXT WIRE ROPE HOIST CRANES RANGE CXT cranes can be implem
Place the CJ Form-Tie Ring over the outside face of the form-tie rod and slide it along to approximately the middle section. A minimum concrete cover of 75mm from any outside edge of the concrete to the CJ Form-Tie Ring should be followed. Check and make sure that the CJ Form-Tie Ri
Masonic Bolo Tie BBL2937 96/dz 14 each Shrine Bolo Tie BS2508 108/dz 16 each Sphinx Bolo Tie BS2533 108/dz 14 each Shrine/Sunburst Bolo Tie BSF25 108/dz 14 each ANY SMALL EMBLEM AVAILABLE ON SUNBURST Shrine Plain Bolo Tie BS2687 108/dz 14 each Shrine Bolo Tie BS3353 144/dz 24 each www.ralphsingerjewelry.com
I saw Esau sitting on a seesaw. I saw Esau; he saw me.! Ralph rakes leaves really, really lousily. !!!!! Lady Luck dislikes losers ! Kantai can tie a tie. If Kantai can tie a tie, why can't I tie a tie like Kantai can
The failure of tie rod may cause instability of vehicle and cause an accident.so it is important to check the strength of tie rod. The load coming on tie rod is mostly . For this analysis the tie rod with diameter 19 mm and length 405 mm of bolero car is considered. The tie rod is made up of steel material. For material analysis we are .
C-A-2016 2015 SIMPSON STRONG-TIE COMPANY INC. 167 Mechanical Anchors Simpson Strong-Tie Anchoring and Fastening Systems for Concrete and Masonry * See page 12 for an explanation of the load table icons. Wedge-All Design Information — Concrete Carbon-Steel Wedge-All Allowable Tension Loads in Normal-Weight Concrete in. (27.6 MPa) Concrete
The nonlinear springs are defined using API p–y curves at regular depth . intervals, where p represents the lateral soil resistance per unit length of the pile and y is the lateral deflection of the pile (API, 2007). As it was discussed before response of a single pile is different from response of a pile in a pile group due to group effect. One of the most common methods of accounting for .
