ICE Analysis Manual
ICE Analysis Manual Maryland State Highway Administration DRAFT Indirect and Cumulative Effects Analysis Manual Revised 05.2007 Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 1
ICE Analysis Manual Table Tableof ofContents Contents Table TableofofContents Contents 22 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTIONTO TOICE ICEAnalysis Analysis 4 ICE Analysis Training Goals ICE Analysis Training Goals 4 Understanding Understandingthe theFundamentals FundamentalsofofICE ICEAnalysis Analysis 55 6 NEPA and CEQ Regulations NEPA and CEQ Regulations 6 What Whatare areIndirect Indirectand andCumulative CumulativeEffects? Effects? 77 Understanding UnderstandingSHA SHAICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisGuidelines Guidelines 88 9 The SHA ICE Analysis Process The SHA ICE Analysis Process 9 The 10 TheSHA SHAProject ProjectPlanning/ICE Planning/ICEAnalysis AnalysisProcess Process 10 Levels 11 LevelsofofEnvironmental EnvironmentalDocumentation Documentation 11 STAGE STAGEI:I: ICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisScoping Scoping ICE Analysis Scoping 12 ICE Analysis Scoping 12 Identify 15 IdentifyICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisResources Resources 15 Define 16 DefineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary 16 Determine 19 DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime Timeframe frame 19 Determine Past Time Frame 19 Determine Past Time Frame 19 Determine 22 DetermineFuture FutureTime TimeFrame Frame 22 STAGE STAGEII:II: ICE ICEAnalysis Analysis ICE 24 ICEAnalysis Analysis 24 Determine 26 DetermineLevel LevelofofDetail Detail 26 Collect and Map Appropriate 27 Collect and Map AppropriateData Data 27 Identify 28 IdentifyRegulatory RegulatoryPrograms Programs 28 Map 30 MapEnvironmental EnvironmentalResources Resourcesand andLand LandUse Use 30 Develop/Map 31 Develop/MapPast PastLand LandUse Use 31 Develop/Map 32 Develop/MapPresent PresentLand LandUse Use 32 33 Develop Future Land Use Develop Future Land Use 33 Coordinate Coordinatewith withLocal LocalOfficials Officialsregarding regarding Indirect Development Indirect Development 35 35 The 36 TheRole Roleofofthe theExpert ExpertLand LandUse UsePanel Panel 36 Determine 37 DetermineBest BestMethodologies MethodologiesFor ForICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisAnalysis Analysis 37 44 Document Methodologies and Rationales Document Methodologies and Rationales 44 Reach 45 ReachICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisConclusion Conclusion 45 Spring 2007 Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 2
ICE Analysis Manual Table Tableof ofContents Contents STAGE STAGEIII: III: Mitigation Mitigation ICE Analysis Mitigation ICE Analysis Mitigation 47 47 Recommend Mitigation Strategies Recommend Mitigation Strategies 49 49 Coordinate with Local Resource Agencies Coordinate with Local Resource Agencies 50 50 STAGE STAGEIV: IV: Documentation Documentation Documentation Documentation 52 52 Present ICE Analysis Present ICE AnalysisininEnvironmental EnvironmentalDocument Document 54 54 Scoping Activities 55 Scoping Activities 55 ICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisAnalysis Analysis 56 56 ICE Analysis Conclusions ICE Analysis Conclusions 57 57 ICE Analysis Mitigation 57 ICE Analysis Mitigation 57 Additional AdditionalSupporting SupportingInformation Information 57 57 Presenting Presentingthe theICE ICEAnalysis Analysis Presenting the ICE Analysis Presenting the ICE Analysis 59 59 The ICE Analysis Presentation The ICE Analysis Presentation(Other (OtherInformation) Information) 60 60 Typical ICE Analysis Outline 61 Typical ICE Analysis Outline 61 ICE ICEAnalysis Analysisfor forCategorical CategoricalExclusions Exclusions(CE) (CE) 62 62 Spring 2007 Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 3
ICE Analysis Manual Introduction Introduction GOALS GOALSOF OFTHIS THISMANUAL MANUAL Provide ProvideSHA SHAemployees, employees,federal federaland andstate stateresource resource agencies, agencies,local localgovernments governmentsand andconsultants: consultants: Consistent Consistentprocedures proceduresininconducting conductingan anindirect indirect and cumulative effects analysis. and cumulative effects analysis. AAclear cleardefinition definitionof ofdirect directimpacts, impacts,indirect indirectimpacts impacts and andcumulative cumulativeeffects. effects. AAclear clearunderstanding understandingof ofhow howICE ICEAnalysis Analysisapplies applies to toproject projectdevelopment. development. Knowledge Knowledgeto tofacilitate facilitatethe thereview reviewof ofICE ICEAnalysis Analysis documentation. documentation. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 4
ICE Analysis Manual UNDERSTANDING UNDERSTANDINGTHE THEFUNDAMENTALS FUNDAMENTALSOF OFICE ICE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS NEPA NEPAand andCEQ CEQregulations regulations “Indirect” versus “Indirect” versus“Cumulative” “Cumulative”effects effects SHA’s SHA’sICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisGuidelines Guidelines ICE ICEAnalysis Analysisand andthe theSHA SHAProject ProjectPlanning PlanningProcess Process Levels Levelsof ofEnvironmental EnvironmentalDocumentation Documentation Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 5
ICE Analysis Manual NEPA NEPAAND ANDCEQ CEQREGULATIONS REGULATIONS Compliance Compliancewith withthe theNational NationalEnvironmental EnvironmentalPolicy PolicyAct Act (NEPA) (NEPA)and andCouncil Councilon onEnvironmental EnvironmentalQuality Quality(CEQ) (CEQ) regulations regulationsrequire requirethat thatthe theindirect indirectand andcumulative cumulativeeffects effectsofofaa project projectbe beexamined examinedalong alongwith withdirect directimpacts impacts (40 (40CFR CFR1508.25 1508.25(c)). (c)). Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 6
ICE Analysis Manual What Whatare areIndirect Indirectand andCumulative CumulativeEffects? Effects? Indirect vs. Cumulative CFR Definition: Effects which are caused by the action and are later in time or farther removed in distance, but are still reasonably foreseeable. Indirect effects may include growth inducing effects and other effects related to induced changes in the patterns of land use, population density or growth rate, and related effects on air and water and other natural systems, including ecosystems (40 CFR 1508.8 (b)) CFR Definition: The impact on the environment which results from the action when added to other, past, present and reasonably foreseeable future actions regardless of what agency (federal, or nonfederal) or person undertakes such actions (40 CFR 1508.7) Common Definition: Development or land use change that will occur as a result of the proposed transportation improvement and related effects Common Definition: Total impacts that occur from all responsible parties, including direct and indirect impacts Examples: Commercial and residential development following construction of a highway or new access points on highway When local governments or developers identify planned development that will not proceed without a specific project or transportation alternative Zoning/land use change as a result of each project alternative retained for detailed study Rate of development changes because of shorter commute times Examples: Increase stormwater peak flows and polluting loadings from commercial and residential development Incremental loss of wetlands under the Nationwide Permit Program Decrease in active farmlands due to development pressures Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 7
ICE Analysis Manual UNDERSTANDING UNDERSTANDINGTHE THESHA SHAICE ICEANALYSIS ANALYSIS GUIDELINES GUIDELINES The TheGuidelines Guidelinesprovide providegeneral generalprocedures proceduresand andaa consistent consistentframework frameworkfor forpreparing preparingan anindirect indirectand and cumulative cumulativeeffects effectsanalysis, analysis,including: including: Introduction Introduction Scoping/Initial Scoping/InitialICE ICEAnalysis Analysisactivities activities Analysis Analysis Mitigation Mitigation KEY KEYPOINTS POINTSTO TOREMEMBER REMEMBER Each EachICE ICEAnalysis Analysisisisunique uniquebased basedupon uponits its“Project “Project Purpose Purposeand andNeed” Need”and andits its“Alternatives “AlternativesRetained Retained for forDetailed DetailedStudy.” Study.”Do Donot notapply applyaa“cookie “cookiecutter” cutter” approach! approach! The TheICE ICEAnalysis Analysisguidelines guidelinesprovide provideaaframework frameworkinin which whichto toconduct conductyour youranalysis. analysis.Technical Technical components componentsincluding includingkey keyresources, resources, and anddata data availability will vary between projects, thus availability will vary between projects, thusmaking making each approach unique. each approach unique. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 8
ICE Analysis Manual The TheSHA SHAICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisProcess Process Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 9
ICE Analysis Manual Introduction Introduction The TheSHA SHAProject ProjectPlanning Planning/ /ICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisProcess Process SHA PROJECT PLANNING STAGES STAGE III STAGE II STAGE I SHA PROJECT PLANNING ACTIVITIES Interagency Field Review Purpose & Need (IRM) Alternatives Retained for Detailed Study (IRM) Alternates Public Workshop SHA Selected Alternative (IRM) & Conceptual Mitigation Draft Environmental Document Location / Design Hearing Selection of Alternative Final Environmental Document ICE ANALYSIS ACTIVITIES Scoping Indirect and Cumulative Effects Analysis Final Documentation/ Mitigation AGENCY COORDINATION AGENCY COORDINATION IS CONDUCTED THROUGHOUT THE SHA PLANNING PROCESS Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 10
ICE Analysis Manual Introduction Introduction LEVELS LEVELSOF OFENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATION SHA's SHA'sICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisGuidelines Guidelinesapply applyto: to: Environmental EnvironmentalImpact ImpactStatements Statements(EIS), (EIS), including includingSupplemental SupplementalEnvironmental EnvironmentalImpact Impact Statements Statements(SEIS's) (SEIS's) Environmental EnvironmentalAssessments Assessments(EA's) (EA's) SHA SHAhas hasalso alsodeveloped developedspecific specificICE ICEAnalysis Analysis guidelines guidelinesfor forCategorical CategoricalExclusions Exclusions(January (January 2002, 2002,revised revisedApril April2007) 2007) Some Somelevel levelofofICE ICEAnalysis Analysismay maybe berequired requiredfor for Categorical CategoricalExclusions Exclusionsdepending dependingon onthe thescope scope ofofthe theproject. project.Although Althoughaasimilar similarmethodology methodology based basedon onthis thistraining trainingcan canbe beutilized utilizedto toconduct conduct ICE ICEAnalysis Analysisfor forprojects projectsqualifying qualifyingasas Categorical CategoricalExclusions, Exclusions,consultation consultationofofthe the specific specificguidance guidanceisisrecommended. recommended. Spring 2007 DRAFT New to ICE Analysis Page 11
ICE Analysis Manual ICE ICE Analysis Analysis Scoping Scoping Resources ICE Analysis Boundary Time Frames Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 12
ICE Analysis Manual Where Whereare arewe weininthe theSHA SHAProject ProjectPlanning PlanningProcess? Process? SHA PLANNING ACTIVITIES (STAGE I) ICE ANALYSIS SCOPING Spring 2007 Purpose and Need Public Alternates Workshop Interagency Field Review DRAFT Page 13
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Step Action 1 Determine Determinewhether whetheran anIce IceAnalysis Analysisisisnecessary necessary Do Doproject projectalternatives alternativesresult resultinindirect directororindirect indirectimpacts impactson onaaresource? resource? The goal of the ICE Analysis is to determine if the direct impacts The goal of the ICE Analysis is to determine if the direct impactsofofthe the project projecton onaaresource, resource,when whenadded addedtotopotential potentialindirect indirectimpacts impactsplus plusall all other past/present/future impacts by others, is enough to significantly other past/present/future impacts by others, is enough to significantly impair impairthat thatresource. resource. 2 Coordinate Coordinatewith withlocal localplanners, planners,developers, developers,resource resourceagencies agencies AAsuccessful successfulICE ICEAnalysis Analysiswill willseek seekguidance guidanceand andcomment commentfrom from resource resourceagencies agenciesearly earlyininthe thescoping scopingprocess. process. Coordination Coordinationwith with developers will identify future development projects in the ICE developers will identify future development projects in the ICE Analysis Analysisarea. area. 3 Begin Begininitial initialscoping scopingactivities activities The TheMain MainComponents ComponentsofofICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisScoping Scopingare: are: Define Resources (Step 3a) Define Resources (Step 3a) Establish EstablishICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary (Step (Step3b) 3b) Establish EstablishTime TimeFrame Frame(Step (Step3c) 3c) Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 14
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping ScopingDefine DefineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisResources Resources Step 3a Action Identify IdentifyICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisResources Resources Identify IdentifyResources Resourcesthat thatmay maybe bedirectly directlyimpacted impactedby byproject project alternatives. (More resources may be identified based on alternatives. (More resources may be identified based onpotential potential indirect impacts or if new alternatives with other/new impacts indirect impacts or if new alternatives with other/new impactsare are considered.) considered.) Typical ICE Analysis Resources Resources Not Considered Wetlands Surface/Groundwater Parks Wildlife/Sensitive Species Farmlands Cultural Resources Communities Air Quality Noise Quality Land Use Consideration/Selection Consideration/SelectionofofResources Resourcesare arebased basedupon uponaavariety varietyofoffactors, factors, including: including: Data DataAvailability Availability Relevancy RelevancytotoProject Project Recommendations Recommendationsfrom fromResource ResourceAgencies Agencies Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 15
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Define DefineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary Step 3b Action Identify IdentifyICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary The TheICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundaryisisaasynthesis synthesisofofmany manyfactors factors into intoaasingle singleICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary. Boundary. Potential Sub-Boundaries Sub-Boundary Example Resource Boundaries Parks, Forests, Historic Districts, Sensitive Species Areas, Chesapeake Bay Critical Area Boundaries, watersheds, sub-watersheds Extent of Preliminary Alternatives Project Study Area Census Tracts U.S. Census Bureau Census Tract Boundaries Area of Traffic Influence Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) State and Local Planning Areas Montgomery and Prince George’s County Planning Areas Sewer and Water Service Locations Projects within close proximity to urban and rural areas of Baltimore and Harford County. Other Project-Specific Sub-Boundaries Coastal Zone Management Areas Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 16
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Define DefineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary Step 3b Action Identify IdentifyICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary Consideration/Selection of Sub-Boundaries are based upon a variety of factors, including: Consideration/Selection of Sub-Boundaries are based upon a variety of factors, including: Data Availability Data Availability Relevancy to Project Relevancy to Project Recommendations from Resource Agencies Recommendations from Resource Agencies Complete CompleteSub-Boundary Sub-BoundaryChecklist Checklist Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 17
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Define DefineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary Step 3b Action Identify IdentifyICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisBoundary Boundary Complete CompleteSupporting SupportingDocumentation DocumentationFor ForICE ICEAnalysis Analysis Boundary Boundary Document Documentgraphically graphicallyand andininnarrative narrativethe therationale rationale for forconsidering consideringcertain certainfactors factorsininhow howthe theoverall overallICE ICE Analysis boundary is a synthesis of all considered. Analysis boundary is a synthesis of all considered. Clearly Clearlyrecord recordcomments commentsand andrecommendations recommendations received receivedfrom fromresource resourceagencies agenciesto touse useinindeveloping developing ICE ICEAnalysis Analysisboundary. boundary. Include IncludeSub-Boundary Sub-BoundaryChecklist Checklistand and/ /or orprocess processofof determination determinationininProject ProjectFiles Files/ /Administrative AdministrativeRecord Record Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 18
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrames Frames Step Action Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime Timeframe frame 3c Determine DeterminePast PastTime TimeFrame Frame Factors to Consider Major Events within the ICE Analysis Boundary Dates of Major Road Construction/Expansion Private and Public Actions affecting population growth Land Use Changes Agency Input Availability of Data NOTE: All Information should be reviewed collectively to determine the past time frame Potential Past Time Frame “Triggers” Event Significance New Roadway Construction (i.e., I-270, I-295, I-95, etc.) Roadway construction resulted in changes in employment, population, and consequently on environmental resources Opening of a Military Base, Airport, or other large government installment Resulted in changes in employment, population, etc. Lifting/Enactment of Building Moratoriums Resulted in changes in land use, employment, population, etc. Establishment of Comprehensive Zoning Affected the growth patterns of a given area Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 19
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrames Frames Step 3c Action Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrame Frame Complete CompletePast PastTime TimeFrame FrameChecklist Checklist Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 20
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrames Frames Step 3c Action Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrame Frame Complete CompleteSupporting SupportingDocumentation DocumentationFor ForPast Past Time TimeFrame Frame Document Documentininnarrative narrativethe therationale rationalefor for considering consideringcertain certainfactors factorsininhow howthe thepast pastTime Time Frame Frameisisaasynthesis synthesisofofall allfactors factorsconsidered. considered. Clearly Clearlyrecord recordcomments commentsand andrecommendations recommendations received receivedfrom fromresource resourceagencies agenciesto touse useinin developing developingpast pasttime timeframe. frame. Include IncludePast PastTime TimeFrame FrameChecklist Checklistand/or and/or process processofofdetermination determinationininProject Project Files/Administrative Files/AdministrativeRecord Record Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 21
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrames Frames Step 3c Action Determine DetermineICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisTime TimeFrame Frame Determine DetermineFuture FutureTime TimeFrame Frame The TheProject’s Project’sDesign DesignYear Yearshould shouldbe beused usedfor forthe the Future FutureTime TimeFrame, Frame,asasdesign designyear yeartraffic trafficisisnormally normally based basedon onthe theland landuse useagency’s agency’sfuture futureland landuse use assumptions. assumptions. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 22
ICE Analysis Manual Scoping Scoping Have Haveyou youConsidered Consideredthe theFollowing FollowingRegarding Regarding the theICE ICEAnalysis AnalysisScoping? Scoping? Incorporated Incorporatedthe theICE ICEAnalysis Analysisinto intothe theproject project planning planningprocess processduring duringpreliminary preliminaryalternatives alternatives development? development? Identified Identifiedall allenvironmental environmentalresources resourcesand andICE ICE Analysis Analysisissues issuesininthe theproject projectarea? area? Identified Identifiedresources resourcesthat thatare aredirectly directlyimpacted impactedby by each eachproposed proposedproject projectalternative? alternative? Identified Identifiedall allpotential potentialsub-boundaries sub-boundariesand and synthesized synthesizedinformation informationinto intoone, one,overall overallICE ICEAnalysis Analysis Boundary? Boundary? Determined Determinedthe thePast Pastand andFuture FutureTime TimeFrames? Frames? Documented Documentedrationales rationalesfor forselecting selectingall allofofthe theabove? above? Coordinated Coordinatedwith withresource resourceagencies? agencies? STOP! STOP! Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 23
ICE Analysis Manual ICE ICE Analysis Analysis Level of Detail Data Collection Regulatory Programs Resource & Land Use Mapping Identify methodology Analysis Conduct Analysis Conclusions Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 24
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis Analysis Where Whereare arewe weininthe theSHA SHAProject ProjectPlanning PlanningProcess? Process? SHA PLANNING ACTIVITIES (STAGE II) ICE ANALYSIS Alternatives Retained For Detailed Study Draft Environmental Document Location/Design Hearing Indirect and Cumulative Effects Analysis Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 25
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Determine DetermineLevel Levelof ofDetail Detail Step Action 1 Determine DetermineLevel Levelof ofDetail Detail The Thelevel levelof ofdetail detailof ofthe theICE ICEAnalysis Analysisshould shouldbe be tailored tailoredto tothe theproject projecttype. type. Factors to Consider Availability of Data Presence of Direct or Indirect Impacts Resources within the ICE Analysis Boundary Agency Input NOTE: Do not develop predictive models to fill in data gaps. Instead, use existing, readily available data. Complete CompleteSupporting SupportingDocumentation DocumentationFor ForLevel Level of ofDetail Detail Document Documentthe therationale rationalefor forlevel levelofofanalysis analysisconducted. conducted. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 26
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Data DataCollection Collection Step 2 Action Collect Collectand andMap MapAppropriate AppropriateData Data ItItisisnecessary necessaryto tocollect collectand andmap mapall allresource resourcedata dataprior prior to toperforming performingany anyofofthe theanalytical analyticalmethodologies methodologies necessary necessaryto toassess assessindirect indirectand andcumulative cumulativeimpacts. impacts. Some Someofofthis thisdata datamay mayhave havebeen beencollected collectedininthe theinitial initial ICE ICEAnalysis Analysisscoping scopingprocess. process. The Thedata dataavailable availablewill will often oftendetermine determinewhich whichanalysis analysismethodology methodologywill willbe be implemented. implemented. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 27
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Regulatory RegulatoryPrograms Programs Step 3 Action Identify IdentifyRegulatory RegulatoryPrograms Programs Certain Certainregulatory regulatoryprograms programs(i.e., (i.e.,wetlands wetlandsand andpublic publicparklands) parklands) essentially essentiallyprovide provideaadegree degreeofofprotection protectionfrom fromdirect directimpacts impactsto to applicable applicableresources resourcesdue dueto tothe thefact factthat thatthey theyhave have“teeth” “teeth”and and contain containmitigation mitigationrequirements. requirements. This Thisisisespecially especiallyimportant importantwhen when conducting conductingtrends trendsanalysis analysis(discussed (discussedlater). later). Predicting Predictingaafuture future condition conditionbased basedon onpast pasttrend trendshould shouldfactor factorininhow howrecent recentlaws lawsand and regulations regulationswill willalter alterthe thetrend trendofofimpacts impactsto toaaparticular particularresource. resource. These Theseprograms programsshould shouldbe beconsidered consideredininthe theanalysis analysis portion portionof ofthe theICE ICEAnalysis. Analysis. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 28
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Regulatory RegulatoryPrograms Programs Step 3 Action Identify IdentifyRegulatory RegulatoryPrograms Programs Directly Impacted Resource Applicable Laws/Regulations Forests · Forest and Renewable Resources Planning Act (1974) · National Forest Management Act Wetlands/ Waters of the United States · · · · · · · Clean Water Act (1972) North American Wetland Conservation Act Executive Order 11990 of the Federal Register (Protection of Wetlands) Maryland Tidal Wetlands Act Maryland Nontidal Wetlands Protection Act MDE Section 401 Water Quality Certification Nontidal Wetlands and Waterways Permit Floodplains · · Flood Disaster Protection Act (1973) Executive Order 11988 of the Federal Register (Floodplain Management) Rare, Threatened, or Endangered Species · · · Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act (1973) Maryland Endangered Species Act (1973) Maryland Nongame and Endangered Species Conservation Act (1975) Historic Resources · National Historic Preservation Act (1966) · Section 4(f) of the United States Department of Transportation Act (1966) Maryland Historical Trust Act of 1985, as amended in Article 5A-325 and 5A-326 of the Annotated Code of Maryland Public Parkland/ Recreational/Community Facilities and Wildlife Refuges · Federal Land Policy and Management Act (1976) · Section 4(f) of the United States Department of Transportation Act (1966) · Section 6(f) Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 29
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Resource Resourceand andLand LandUse UseMapping Mapping Step 4 Action Map MapEnvironmental EnvironmentalResources Resourcesand andLand LandUse Use Mapping Mappingenvironmental environmentalresources resourcesand andland landuse usewithin withinthe the ICE ICEAnalysis Analysisboundary boundaryprovides providesaabase basefrom fromwhich whichmany manyofof the theanalytical analyticalmethodologies methodologiescan canbe beperformed. performed. Land Landuse use mapping mappingshould shouldbe beprepared preparedfor forpast, past,present presentand andfuture future time timeframes. frames. This Thisstep stepmust mustbe beconducted conductedprior priorto to performing performinganalysis. analysis. How HowisisLand LandUse UseInformation InformationImportant Importantto tothe theICE ICE Analysis? Analysis? Past PastLand LandUse Use(partially (partiallydetermined determinedby byyour yourpast pasttime time frame) frame)provides providesaabaseline baselinefrom fromwhich whichtrends trendscan canbe be developed. developed. Present PresentLand LandUse Use(partially (partiallydetermined determinedby byyear year conducting conductingstudy) study)provides providesan anintermediate intermediateyear yearfrom from which whichtrends trendscan canbe bedetermined determinedasaswell wellasasaayear yearto to conduct conductan anoverlay overlayanalysis. analysis. Future Land Use (partially Future Land Use (partiallydetermined determinedby bydesign-build design-buildyear year ofofthe theproject) project)provides providesaabuild-out build-outanalysis analysisyear yearto toconduct conduct overlay overlayanalysis. analysis. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 30
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Resource Resourceand andLand LandUse UseMapping Mapping Step 4 Action Map MapEnvironmental EnvironmentalResources Resourcesand andLand LandUse Use Develop/Map Develop/MapPast PastLand LandUse Use Data Datasources sourcesthat thatcan canbe beused usedto todevelop developaapast pastland landuse usescenario scenario include, include,but butare arenot notlimited limitedto: to: Past PastAerial AerialPhotography Photography Past Pastland landuse usecomponents componentsofofcounty countymaster masterplans plans Past Pastregional regionaltransportation transportationplans plans Past Maryland Department of Past Maryland Department ofPlanning Planningland landuse usemaps maps Past Pastdevelopment developmenttracked trackedthrough throughSHA’s SHA’sRegional RegionalIntermodal Intermodal Planning PlanningDivision. Division. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 31
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Resource Resourceand andLand LandUse UseMapping Mapping Step Action 4 Map MapEnvironmental EnvironmentalResources Resourcesand andLand LandUse Use Develop DevelopPresent PresentLand LandUse Use Data Datasources sourcesthat thatcan canbe beused usedto todevelop developaapresent presentland landuse use scenario scenarioinclude, include,but butare arenot notlimited limitedto: to: Existing ExistingAerial AerialPhotography Photography Current Currentcounty countymaster masterplans plans Current Currentregional regionaltransportation transportationplans plans Maryland MarylandDepartment DepartmentofofPlanning Planningland landuse usemaps maps Development Developmenttracked trackedthrough throughSHA’s SHA’sRegional RegionalIntermodal Intermodal Planning PlanningDivision. Division. Other OtherPlanned PlannedDevelopment DevelopmentProjects Projects(within (within1-5 1-5years years beyond beyondpresent presentyear) year)asasidentified identifiedthrough throughlocal localofficials, officials, planners, planners,etc. etc. Note: The appropriate development size(s) (i.e., residential subdivisions) to be analyzed must be determined on project-by-project basis. It is not necessary to scour the entire ICE Analysis study area for proposed development such as individual residential lots less than one acre. However; it is important to document the rationale for the level of detail used in identifying development projects. Spring 2007 DRAFT Page 32
ICE Analysis Manual Analysis: Analysis: Resource Resourceand andLand LandUse UseMapping Mapping Step Action 4 Map MapEnvironmental EnvironmentalResources Resourcesand andLand LandUse Use Develop DevelopFuture FutureLand LandUse Use Future Futureland landuse usescenarios scenariosare aredeveloped developedfor foreach eachalternative alternativeincluding includingthe the no-build. Future land use is primarily based on the following data sources:
Present ICE Analysis in Environmental Document 54 Scoping Activities 55 ICE Analysis Analysis 56 ICE Analysis Conclusions 57 . Presenting the ICE Analysis 59 The ICE Analysis Presentation (Other Information) 60 Typical ICE Analysis Outline 61 ICE Analysis for Categorical Exclusions (CE) 62 STAGE III: Mitigation ICE Analysis Mitigation 47 .
The ice-storage box is the destination point where the ice will accummulate via the ice-delivery hose. An ice-level sensor installed in the storage box halts ice production when the box is full. The ice-storage box should be able to hold water and have at least 2" (51mm) of insulation to keep the ice frozen as long as
Here’s why: There’s a difference between sea ice and land ice. Antarctica’s land ice has been melting at an alarming rate. Sea ice is frozen, floating seawater, while land ice (called glaciers or ice sheets) is ice that’s accumulated over time on land. Overall, Antarctic sea ice has been stable (so far) — but that doesn’t contradict the
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Surface Ice Rescue Student Guide Page 5 5. Thaw Hole - A vertical hole formed when surface holes melt through to the water below. 6. Ice Crack - Any fissure or break in the ice that has not caused the ice to be separated. 7. Refrozen Ice - Ice that has frozen after melting has taken place. 8. Layered Ice - Striped in appearance, it is constructed from many layers of frozen and
ice making system is a continuous flow type ice machine, it makes ice when the ice level becomes low and stops when it is full. The ice storage system is an insulated chest with a drain at the bottom for melting ice.
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11 91 Large walrus herd on ice floe photo 11 92 Large walrus herd on ice floe photo 11 93 Large walrus herd on ice floe photo Dupe is 19.196. 2 copies 11 94 Walrus herd on ice floe photo 11 95 Two walrus on ice floe photo 11 96 Two walrus on ice floe photo 11 97 One walrus on ice floe photo
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