MSHA - Accident Prevention - Guarding Converyor Belts At Metal And .
This guide provides compliance information to help the metal and nonmetal mining industry meet current requirements of the Mine Safety and Health Administration’s (MSHA’s) guarding standards addressing conveyor belts. This document is also intended to enhance awareness of guarding compliance for miners’ representatives, miners, independent contractors, and MSHA’s Metal and Nonmetal enforcement personnel with compliance issues related to guarding conveyor belts. This guide should be used to supplement existing guarding guidance contained in "MSHA's Guide to Equipment Guarding" issued in 2004, and in MSHA’s existing Program Policy Manual.
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Guarding Conveyor Belts at Metal & Nonmetal Mines Mine Safety & Health Administration – June 2010
MSHA’s Goals & Objectives Improve inspection and enforcement consistency to ensure proper guarding compliance This will result in REDUCED : Serious and Fatal accidents Risk of injury posed to miners
Injuries Related to Equipment Guarding Reached past or around guard 14% Inadequate guard size / position 14% Removed guard during operation 10% Climbing on guard 5% Inherently hazardous guard 12% Handling/Dropped oversized and heavy guards 45%
30 CFR § 56/57.14107 Moving Machine Parts MNM’s most-cited standard Citations Issued 11,687 23,966 35,653 *Data is from 2005-May 20, 2010 S&S Y N
30 CFR § 56/57.14107 Moving Machine Parts (a) Moving machine parts shall be guarded to protect persons from contacting gears, sprockets, chains, drive, head, tail and take-up pulleys, flywheels, couplings, shafts, fan blades and similar moving parts that can cause injury. (b) Guards shall not be required where the exposed moving parts are at least seven feet away from walking or working surfaces.
Preamble: § 56/57.14107 [FR, Page 32509] Guards are meant to protect persons from: “inadvertent, careless, or accidental contact” or “deliberate or purposeful work-related actions ” (inspection, testing, cleaning, maintenance, troubleshooting, lubrication, adjustment, servicing, etc ) Standard does not address deliberate or purposeful, NON-work-related actions
Belt Conveyor Components to Guard Head & tail pulleys Take-up & bend pulleys Return rollers (Subject to miner’s exposure) Drive & power transmission components
Types of Guarding Point-of-contact guarding Location guarding Area guarding
Point-of-Contact Guards OK
Point of Contact Guards OK
Guarding by Location The distance from the head drive pulley to the ground is greater than 7 feet. OK
Guarded by Location? 8 feet
Area Guarding from MSHA’s 2004 “Guide to Equipment Guarding” Handbook An area guard is a barrier which prevents entry of a miner into an area containing moving machine parts, thus preventing contact with the moving parts. Effective area guards may require additional practices and provisions, such as signage, locks, color coding, etc., in addition to the physical barrier. When designing, installing, and/or using area guards, consider: Security of the area Is the area guard difficult to defeat? Is it locked or bolted? Does the guard prevent entry into the area and is the guard difficult to defeat? How will the moving machine parts be shut down before entry? Will the guard be interlocked with the hazardous equipment so entry will automatically shut down the moving parts? Will manual shutdown be used? Is the area guard easily recognized as a guard? Are warning signs or color coding in use? Frequency of entry into the guarded area Frequently accessed areas may not be suitable for area guarding. Number of people requiring access into guarded area If a large number of people need access to an area, then area guarding may not be suitable. Education and training in proper procedures Does the work force understand who may enter area guards? Have lock-out, tag-out procedures been addressed?
Area Guarding OK
Chains used as an area guard are easily bypassed. Non-compliant.
Area Guarding This area guard is not securely fastened and it is easily bypassed.
Area Guarding Noncompliant and ineffective. Frequent access is required under the unguarded return roller.
Inadvertent Contact Guard removed
Work-Related Contact Head pulley must be guarded.
Inadvertent or Work-Related Contact Tail pulley must be guarded underneath to prevent inadvertent contact.
Inadvertent or Work-Related Contact Tail pulley guards must extend closer to the ground along sides and in front.
Inadvertent or Work-Related Contact The tail pulley can be accessed by the unguarded opening.
Purposeful NonWork-Related Actions OK
Purposeful NonWork-Related Actions OK
Materials for Guard Construction Preamble: § 56/57.14107 [FR, Page 32509] “ the standard is intended to clarify the performance objective of guards. The standard does not specify the type of material to be used for guarding, but expanded metal or transparent safety plastics are examples of alternatives.”
Metals OK Metal floor grating Sheet metal Expanded metal mesh
Metals OK Punched plate Chain link fence Metal mesh
Screen Cloth OK
Rubber Violation of 56.14112(b). Not securely in place
Rubber OK Violation of 56.14112(b). Not securely in place OK
Tensar OK Tensar is a high strength polyethylene mesh used for roof and rib control in underground salt or coal mines. Here the Tensar is stretched over a sturdy aluminum tube frame and well-secured with heavy-duty plastic wire ties. * Please note that Tensar can degrade in direct sunlight or in contact with limestone.
Plastics Plastic construction fencing Custom shapes or cut-to-fit plastic OK
Wood Head pulley guard OK Deteriorating and delaminating
Tail Pulley Guards OK
Return Rollers Considered to be “similar moving parts” and are to be guarded when miners are exposed to injury during work or travel activities. For instance, when cleaning or working under, or crossing under an operating belt conveyor that is not guarded by location.
Return Rollers Not guarded
Return Roller Location OK
Return Roller Location OK
OK
Alternative Methods for Guarding Return Rollers OK Illustrations from Guide to Equipment Guarding Handbook - 2004
Alternative Return Roller Guarding Methods OK OK Guard not secured in place
Alternative Methods for Guarding Return Rollers In-running nip point guarded full width of belt. Note that guard extends past end of roller. OK
Alternative Methods for Guarding Return Rollers OK Belting location. Adjust guard to minimize gaps.
Other standards to consider when inspecting belt conveyors 1 56/57.14108 Overhead drive belts 2 56/57.14109 Unguarded conveyors with adjacent travelways 3 56.57.14112 Construction and maintenance of guards
Whipping Action of V-Belts OK 56/57.14108 – Overhead drive belts. Overhead drive belts shall be guarded to contain the whipping action of a broken belt if that action could be hazardous to persons.
§ 56/57.14109 - Unguarded conveyors w/ adjacent travelways Unguarded conveyors next to travelways shall be equipped with – (a) Emergency stop devices to readily deactivate the drive motor or (b) Railings positioned to prevent persons from falling on or against the conveyor
Emergency Stop Devices OK How low or slack & still compliant? Able to readily deactivate.
Conveyor Railings OK
56/57.14112 – Construction and maintenance of guards (a) Guards shall be constructed and maintained to – (1) Withstand the vibration, shock and wear to which they will be subjected during normal operations; and (2) Not create a hazard by their use
56/57.14112 – Construction and maintenance of guards (b) Guards shall be securely in place while machinery is being operated, except when testing or making adjustments which cannot be performed without removal of the guard. Consider also: 56/57.14105 – Procedures during repairs or maintenance
Securely in Place - not easily dislodged Fastened Held in place by its own weight, bulk or method of attachment
Securely in Place This Tensar mesh guard is not secure at the bottom and is easily bypassed. The grease line must be extended outside the guard. * Please note that Tensar can degrade in direct sunlight or in contact with limestone.
Fasteners & Fastening Systems Many types of fasteners are acceptable * * Fastener locking devices are not required. Tools are not required to remove a fastener.
Fasteners & Fastening Systems OK
Pins & Sleeves OK
Clamps, Bars & Wedges OK
Plastic Wire Ties OK
Hinging OK
Hinging - Improvement 1 OK
Hinging - Improvement 2 OK
Guard a Hazard in Itself
Tripping Hazard
DRAFT – Do Not Copy or Distribute w/o OK We Can Build Better Guards Aim High !! Go Beyond Compliance
Point-of-contact guarding Location guarding Area guarding. There are three types of strategies for guarding moving machine parts: guarding at the point of contact, guarding by locating \൭oving machine parts out of normal reach, and enclosing multiple moving parts in a single guard or preventing access to moving p對arts in a specific .
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machine guarding system with new mesh panels, doors and locks. ISO 12100 ISO 14120 ISO 14119 ISO 10218-2 ISO 13857 ISO 14121-1 Better Safe Guarding. WHEN TESTING OUR PRODUCTS, WE USE A METHOD THAT ITSELF IS CERTIFIED BY TÜV. 08 MACHINE GUARDING TROAX SLIDING DOOR ON W HEELS
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ILO regulatory approach to the guarding of machinery The Guarding of Machinery Convention, 1963 (No. 119) and the Guarding of Machinery Recommendation, 1963 (No. 118) aim to protect workers from hazards related to machinery. These instruments deal with a single specific hazard, within the category of instruments dealing with specific risks.
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