TM DEF Quality And Maintenance. - Cummins Inc.

The following service bulletins can be found atquickserve.cummins.com.n Technical Service Bulletin 150002: Diesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Cleanlinessn Technical Service Bulletin 140093: RecommendedPractices If Contamination Is Foundn Technical Service Bulletin 110168: High-EfficiencyDiesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Tank Filtern Technical Service Bulletin 4021566: Diesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Specificationsn ISO 22241-1: Diesel Engines Oxides Of Nitrogen(NOx) Reduction Agentn ISO 22241-3: Handling, Transportation AndStorage Of Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)Cummins Emission Solutions301 Jackson St.Columbus, IN 47201For more information, contact your local distributoror visit QuickServe Online.Phone: 1-800-DIESELSTM (1-800-343-7357)Internet: cumminsemissionsolutions.comThese and your equipment manufacturer’srecommendations are intended to optimize systemperformance and minimize the risk of contaminationin your system, keeping your operation running andlowering your risk of derates. Keep adequate recordsof maintenance events to help determine and predictfuture maintenance needs and to keep track of pastexposure. These practices will help in achievingmaximum performance.Bulletin 4973789 Printed in U.S.A. 11/15 2015 Cummins Emission SolutionsAchieving Maximum Performance.DEF Quality AndMaintenance.For Selective CatalyticReduction (SCR) Systems.

Why Is DEF Needed?Many engines use Cummins Emission Solutionsproven Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems todeliver ultra-low oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions tomeet regulations while optimizing fuel efficiency. SCRefficiency is dependent on Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF),so it is important to understand how to properly handleand store your DEF for a properly maintained and fullyoptimized engine system.DEF Handling.DEF is not hazardous,but short-term exposurecan be mildly irritatingto eyes and skin, andproper personal protectiveequipment should be usedwhen handling DEF. Somematerials may corrode ifcontact with DEF occurs foran extended period of time.Such materials include:n Carbon steel, zinc-coated carbon steel and mild ironn Non-ferrous metals and alloys: copper, copper alloys,zinc and leadn Solder-containing lead, silver, zinc or coppern Aluminum alloysn Magnesium and magnesium alloysn Plastics or metals coated with nickelIt is important to keep the system and tools clean;however, if material contact with DEF occurs, clean thesurface immediately. Reference Service Bulletin 4021566for additional information.DEF Transportation And Storage.Only approved containers should be used to transportand store DEF. Containers made of polyethylene,polypropylene or stainless steel (Grade 316) arerecommended.Some DEF containers include a paper seal under the cap. Theseal will degrade over time and contribute to DEF contamination.Such containers must be inspected regularly once opened, inorder to prevent contamination. To avoid crystal precipitation orhydrolysis of the DEF, store it at a temperature of 77 F (25 C).Avoid direct contact of DEF with sunlight.When stored between 10 F (-12 C) and 90 F (32 C), DEF willremain stable for at least one year. Bulk (1,000-gallon) dispensershave climate-control systems, but intermediate bulk containers(IBCs) do not. Therefore, in cold temperatures, IBCs should bekept in a storage unit. In warm temperatures, IBCs should bestored in a shaded area to avoid potential water evaporation andconversion to ammonia. DEF’s freezing point is 12 F (-11 C).Cummins recommends the use of Fleetguard DEF, which is inaccordance with the requirements of ISO 22241-1.Minimum Cleanliness Requirements.Materials that come into contact with DEF must be freefrom contamination, oil, fuel, dust, detergents and any otherchemicals. Containers, funnels and other equipment that willcontact or store DEF should be cleaned before use. Washthoroughly and rinse with distilled water. If distilled water isunavailable, rinse with tap water, then rinse with DEF.To avoid contamination when filling the tank:n Clean the in-vehicle DEF tank before removing the capn Clean the in-tank neck and neck filter, if applicable, afterremoving the capn Wipe the DEF container prior to opening for refilln Clean the dispensing nozzle prior to fillingn Ensure that the dispensing nozzle is kept in the DEF tank tominimize drips and mishandlingTo avoid contaminating DEF during routine maintenance tasks:n Close DEF ports during operation or repairn Remove dust and debris before using a coupler or insertconnectionn Ensure that a proper DEF storage container is being usedand inspected as necessaryn Conduct periodic inspections, and remove crystallized DEF,if presentVisual Inspection.Periodic inspections of the system are critical topreventing contamination and its associated risks.Recommendations include:n Periodically inspecting the tank neck and tankventing filters for cleanliness. Use a refractometerto measure the quality of in-tank DEF on theapplication or in storage (refractometer partnumber 4919554)n Watching for signs of possible contamination,debris or other fluid mixturesn Checking for damaged parts that couldcompromise DEF quality due to exposuren Inspecting maintenance areas for possiblecontaminants that could be introduced duringservicingn Following manufacturer-recommendedprecautions during service and systemmaintenancen Ensuring that the DEF label shows certificationfor proper purity levels and concentration of ureain your DEFn Inspecting and replacing the DEF tank ventingfilter, per the owner’s manual specifications, ifapplicableIf the application or operation of the equipmentdoes not allow for a clean environment for refillingthe DEF tank, a closed system will keep the systemfree from contamination. If any contamination isnoticed during routine inspection, schedule yourequipment for service.

Why Is DEF Needed?Many engines use Cummins Emission Solutionsproven Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems todeliver ultra-low oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions tomeet regulations while optimizing fuel efficiency. SCRefficiency is dependent on Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF),so it is important to understand how to properly handleand store your DEF for a properly maintained and fullyoptimized engine system.DEF Handling.DEF is not hazardous,but short-term exposurecan be mildly irritatingto eyes and skin, andproper personal protectiveequipment should be usedwhen handling DEF. Somematerials may corrode ifcontact with DEF occurs foran extended period of time.Such materials include:n Carbon steel, zinc-coated carbon steel and mild ironn Non-ferrous metals and alloys: copper, copper alloys,zinc and leadn Solder-containing lead, silver, zinc or coppern Aluminum alloysn Magnesium and magnesium alloysn Plastics or metals coated with nickelIt is important to keep the system and tools clean;however, if material contact with DEF occurs, clean thesurface immediately. Reference Service Bulletin 4021566for additional information.DEF Transportation And Storage.Only approved containers should be used to transportand store DEF. Containers made of polyethylene,polypropylene or stainless steel (Grade 316) arerecommended.Some DEF containers include a paper seal under the cap. Theseal will degrade over time and contribute to DEF contamination.Such containers must be inspected regularly once opened, inorder to prevent contamination. To avoid crystal precipitation orhydrolysis of the DEF, store it at a temperature of 77 F (25 C).Avoid direct contact of DEF with sunlight.When stored between 10 F (-12 C) and 90 F (32 C), DEF willremain stable for at least one year. Bulk (1,000-gallon) dispensershave climate-control systems, but intermediate bulk containers(IBCs) do not. Therefore, in cold temperatures, IBCs should bekept in a storage unit. In warm temperatures, IBCs should bestored in a shaded area to avoid potential water evaporation andconversion to ammonia. DEF’s freezing point is 12 F (-11 C).Cummins recommends the use of Fleetguard DEF, which is inaccordance with the requirements of ISO 22241-1.Minimum Cleanliness Requirements.Materials that come into contact with DEF must be freefrom contamination, oil, fuel, dust, detergents and any otherchemicals. Containers, funnels and other equipment that willcontact or store DEF should be cleaned before use. Washthoroughly and rinse with distilled water. If distilled water isunavailable, rinse with tap water, then rinse with DEF.To avoid contamination when filling the tank:n Clean the in-vehicle DEF tank before removing the capn Clean the in-tank neck and neck filter, if applicable, afterremoving the capn Wipe the DEF container prior to opening for refilln Clean the dispensing nozzle prior to fillingn Ensure that the dispensing nozzle is kept in the DEF tank tominimize drips and mishandlingTo avoid contaminating DEF during routine maintenance tasks:n Close DEF ports during operation or repairn Remove dust and debris before using a coupler or insertconnectionn Ensure that a proper DEF storage container is being usedand inspected as necessaryn Conduct periodic inspections, and remove crystallized DEF,if presentVisual Inspection.Periodic inspections of the system are critical topreventing contamination and its associated risks.Recommendations include:n Periodically inspecting the tank neck and tankventing filters for cleanliness. Use a refractometerto measure the quality of in-tank DEF on theapplication or in storage (refractometer partnumber 4919554)n Watching for signs of possible contamination,debris or other fluid mixturesn Checking for damaged parts that couldcompromise DEF quality due to exposuren Inspecting maintenance areas for possiblecontaminants that could be introduced duringservicingn Following manufacturer-recommendedprecautions during service and systemmaintenancen Ensuring that the DEF label shows certificationfor proper purity levels and concentration of ureain your DEFn Inspecting and replacing the DEF tank ventingfilter, per the owner’s manual specifications, ifapplicableIf the application or operation of the equipmentdoes not allow for a clean environment for refillingthe DEF tank, a closed system will keep the systemfree from contamination. If any contamination isnoticed during routine inspection, schedule yourequipment for service.