Gas-Insulated-Substations SF6 Gas Handling
Gas-Insulated-SubstationsSF6 gas handlingEPA‘s 2012 Workshop on SF6-emission reduction strategiesAtlanta, Georgia; April 17-18, 2012Peter GlaubitzChristian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector – Power Transmission – High Voltage Substations
Content Introduction SF6 in a lifecycle process CO2-footprint reduction of GIS Handling of SF6 Regulations on SF6 ConclusionPage 2Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Power Transmissionis a Part of the Power MatrixHigh Voltage Substations are the backbone of the Transmission SystemPage 3Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Requirements forGas-Insulated Substations High system reliability High flexibility of its solutions (modularity(modularity, expandability) Compact space saving solutions Innovative solutions (devices, switchgears) Low lifef cycle costs Reliable and competent partners (operator, manufacturer) Smart and Power grid adaptation Environmental-sustainabilityPage 4Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Characteristics of SF6 SF6 is colorlessly, odorless and achemical neutral (inerted) gas SF6 is 5x heavier than air, is not toxic andhas no dangerous components inside SF6 is no hazardous material SF6 has no eco-toxic potential SF6 has no impact for the ozonosphere SF6 is a potent greenhouse gas (GWP* Æ 22,800** x CO2) SF6 hash excellentll t electricall t i l characteristicsht i ti* Global Warming Potential; ** according to EU-F-Gas regulationPage 5Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
ntwicklungManufacturingPr ü fungindustriaalpprocessinngSF6-emissionsin the lifecycle process of switchgearCommissioningRecycling of SF6for reusedecommissioningindividualproocessingSF6 is used in a closed cycleUse(Page 6Christian Wallner possible emission)Copyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Definition of SF6 – EmissionSF6EmissionSF6-handling lossesTechnical recommendation in e.g.Cigré SF6-Handling Guide No. 276Page 7Christian Wallner SF6-leakageDefinition in IEC-standards,like IEEE C37.122, IEC 62271-203,Cigré SF6-Tightness Guide No. 430Copyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Permanent CO2-footprintfootprint reduction of GIS8D2[[%]]Size of buildingexample: the development of theSiemens GIS 145 kV100Space requirementPacking volume9080708D68D88DN9608DN85040302010source: e developments within the last decades have led to smaller gascompartments of the switchgear and thus to considerably less usedamount of SF6 at the same performance data.Page 8Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Significant reduced amount of SF6 in the equipment- 75%- 77%- 68%type of GIS8D.68DN8145 kV8D.48DN9245 kV8D.58DQ1420 kVSiemens GIS, Cable bay with double busbar system including 2 BB DS, 1 line DS, 1 CB, 3 ESA significant reduction of SF6 was reached by using modern developmenttools, new materials and optimized production processes since theintroduction of the GIS-technology in 1968Page 9Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Reduction of SF6-emissions in the factory –Type testing internal arc Test object is insidetest box Test box is equippedwith inspectionwindows All connections aregastight Operation of rupturedisc will allow SF6 toemitt in the test boxonly SF6 will be collectedin a closed cycle aftertestingInternal arc testing without SF6-emissionPage 10Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Reduction of SF6-emissions in the factoryThe componentt ti mustt assuretestingvery low SF6emission by usingstate-of-the-arthandling equipmentin the factoriesInternal tightness of componentsPage 11Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Reduce SF6-emissions in the factoryState-of-the-art-handlingStateof the art handlingequipment regularly checks and trainedstaffs Achieving low SF6 emission during productionPage 12Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Reduce SF6-emissions in the factoryEnvironmentally respondsiblebehavior and state-of-the-artequipmentsit leadsl d tto llow SF6emission in the 0Source: GIS Factory BerlinPage 13Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Optimized gas work needs„State-of-the-ArtState-of-the-Art“ equipment – especially on site1 mbar SF6maintenanceunitSF6- measurementdevice%- SF6,dew-point temperature,SF6-byproductsbyproductsSF6- collecting devicefor measurement of gasSource: DILOPage 14Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
SF6 Recollectionduring measurements of gas qualityGas flows through theinstrument into recovery bag(SF6-recollecting pipe)No emission!Source: DILO, GAS-WIKA-SiemensPage 15Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Handling of SF6 on site Use of “strong and big” maintenance units - should be able to recovergas to a residresidualal presspressurere of 1mbar Minimum Residual pressure to be achieved 20mbar - according to IEC62271-303 Target Æ below 1 mbar - nevertheless due to the design and size of gascompartments it's not always possible.Page 16Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Optimized SF6 handlingSF6 residual quantity [kkg]SF6-residual quantity (emission) dependence on the SF6 rated filling pressure /compartment size / SF6 residual pressure109420 kV-circuit breaker, 3-pole420 kV-disconnector, 3-pole8- volume:7approx. 7000 l- volume:approx. 870 l- working pressure: 6,6 bar abs.- working pressure: 4,8bar abs.6- SF6-amount:approx. 300 kg- SF6-amount:approx. 27 kg5- SF6-density:43 g/l- SF6-density:26,7 g/l43210020406080100Source: Cigré-Guide no. 276; Application of table 25120140160180200SF6 residual pressure [m bar]With State-of-the-art-handling equipment SF6 recovery of each gas compartmenttill very lowlpressure (1 - 20 mbar)b ) iis possible,ibl ththus securingi llosses off att lleasttless than 2% during maintenance and end of life.Page 17Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Gas-tightness –Functionality and environmental protection Gas-tightness essential for the functionalitystatic and dynamic solutions Design and material assure extreme low leakage rateIEC 62271-203 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 203: Gas-insulatedmetal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kV (09/2011)Ö required leakage rate 0.5% / year / gas compartmentstate-of-the-artt t f tht designd i 0.1%0 1% / year / gas compartmenttt¾ Extreme low emissions protect the environmentAxial directionof rotationMovementof main contactsDynamic solution,example for 145 kV GIS CB¾ Proven tightness on installed GIS for decadesPage 18Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Type testing on SF6-tightness according toIEC/IEEE part of the quality assurance processNowadays SF6-tightness can be confirmed (integral measuringprocess with state-of-the-art measurement devices) in the range of 0,01%/year/gas, %yg compartmentpcomparedpwith the requiredq 0,5%/year/gas compartment in the relevant standardsPage 19Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Expected life-time of GIS1968State-of-the-artGISS evolutioon145 kV145 kVNumber ofinstalled baysThe image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert itagain.Today’sexperienceAcc. to CIGRÈ studyAcc- No generic life limitation- Issues of aging and deterioration¾ Gas leakages¾ Specific material design issues¾ Secondary systems¾ CorrosionOriginallyexpectedlife-timeThe image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert itagain.FirstInstallation010202012304050Years in serviceContinuous development assures the sustainable performancePage 20Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
GIS-Concepts for low SF6-emissionIn the PastState-of-the-art-technologyLarge gas compartmentsOptimized gas compartmentsShort maintenance intervals (frequentopening of gas compartments)2 openings during life time: once after 25years of service, once during end-of-lifeprocedure after 40-50 years.Limited SF6-handling instructionDetailed explained SF6-handling instructionand regulationsSF6-maintenance units with a minimumSF6-recoveringrecovering pressure of 5050-100100 mbarHigh power SF6-maintenance units withSF6-recoveringrecovering pressure till 1 mbarInsensitive SF6-leakage detectorsSensitive SF6-leakage detectors to findsmallest leaksSF6-measuringmeasuring instruments withoutcollecting the used gasSF6-measuringmeasuring instruments collecting thegas are now offeredFundamental tests and implementation ofnew production processesUsing Helium for leakage detection wherepossible (e.g. housing leakage test)Since the implementation is a continuous improvementPage 21Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
SF6 History – 2005 Implementationof the German Voluntary Commitment Based on the previous voluntary commitment((1996)) Agreed with and recognized by the GermanGovernment in 2005 Scope:p Switchgeargand Componentsp 1 kV Quantified and dedicated targets for 2020 bylifecycles and responsibilities Annual monitoringg of activityy data andemissions according to IPCC 2006Guidelines for verificationMission:SF6-emissions should be avoided wherever possible.The specific quantity of SF6 used to fulfill functions isto be minimized.minimizedPage 22Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
German SF6 data bank1.200.0001,1Bestand ((kg)g)Emissionsrate ((%))1.150.00011.100.0000,91.050.0000,81 000 0001.000.000in kg950.0000,6900.0000,5in 92010Source: ZVEI (Zentralverband ElektrotechnikElektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie e.V.eVEmission on electric power equipment 2000 - 2010Page 23Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
ntwicklungManufacturingPr ü fungindustriaalpprocessinngSF6-emissionsin the lifecycle process of switchgearCommissioningRecycling of SF6for reusedecommissioningUseThe EU-F-Gas regulation concentrateson the individual processingPage 24Christian WallnerindividualproocessingSF6 is used in a closed cycle( possible emission)Copyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
EU-F-Gas regulation 842/2006((“aa bit”bit like new regulation of CARB*)CARB )„Regulation (EC) No 842/2006 of the European Parliamentand of the Council on fluorinated greenhouse gases“SF6 is considered in limited products onlyThe use of SF6 in electric powerequipment is permittedCertain measures to be carried out bymanufacturers and users have beenimplementedAmendments have been released todescribe measures more in detail*California Air Resources BoardPage 25Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
European F-Gas-regulation 842/2006 Main articles for SF6 electric equipmentRecovery by certified staff onlyArticle 4 „RecoveryRecovery“Regulation (EC)Nr 842/2006Nr.on certainfluorinatedgreenhousegases*gasesArticle 5 „Trainingg andcertification“(EC) 305/2008 definitions, minimumrequirement on certification of staffArticle 6 „ReportingReporting“(EC) 1493/2007 definitions, formatof reportingArticle 7 „Labelling“(EC) 1494/2007 definitions, formoff labelsl b l*) “certain fluorinated greenhouse gases” means hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)Page 26Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
European F-Gas-regulation 842/2006, article 2„DefinitionsDefinitions“Definitions for SF6-handling RecoveryCollection and storage of SF6 from electric power equipment or containersÆ in practice: taking out SF6 from equipment and putting it into a container RecyclingReuse off recovered SFS 6 followingfa basic cleaning processÆ in practice: recycling of SF6 on site ReclamationReprocessing of recovered SF6 in order to meet a specific standardstandard* ofperformanceÆ in practice: used SF6 is reprocessed (e.g. SF6-production plant) DestructionTransformation or destruction into one or more stable substances which are notfluorinated GHGÆ in practice: burning of SF6*)) - IEC 60376 “Specificationpof technical gradegsulfur hexafluoride (SF( 6) for use in electrical equipment”q p- IEC 60480 “Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) taken from electrical equipment and specification for its re-use”Page 27Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
European F-Gas-regulation 842/2006, article 5„TrainingTraining and certification“certification together with regulation 305/2008*305/2008„Commission regulation No. 305/2008 establishing minimum requirements andthe conditions for mutual recognition for the certification of personnel recoveringcertain fluorinated GHG from HV switchgear“Process and responsibilitiesTraining(not subject toconditions ofregulation)Evaluationbody/ExaminationProof ofcompetenceCertificationb d tent defined)Evaluation body andCertification body haveto be independent*) regulation refers to HV switchgear onlyPage 28Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
European F-Gas-regulation 842/2006, article 6„ReportingReporting“ together with regulation 1493/2007The reporting is a must to do in case of ImportEuropeanUnionExportcountry ASF6 1 tSF6 1 tcountry Boutside EUin containeror bottlesin containeror bottlesoutside EUThe reporting is not necessary for import /exporttinside EUcountriesSF6 inequipmentimport /export 1 t peryear andcompanyIn some countries additional voluntary commitments regarding reporting existPage 29Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
European F-Gas-regulation 842/2006, article 7„LabellingLabelling“ together with regulation 1494/2007Standards required SF6-weight already in the past: declaration of „weight of gas” according toIEEE C37.122 or IEC 62271-203NEWadditional label*The label shall be placed clearly, indelibly andadjacent to the service point of the equipmentWeight of SF6 – filling99 kg*)) Content defined in the regulation but the form can varybetween the different manufacturesPage 30Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Review EU F-Gas-regulation in progress¾ Review required 5 years after implementation (7/06Æ7/11)¾ ReportRt off theth commissioni ipublishedbli h d on SeptemberS t b 26,26 2011Î includes 26 substances, one is SF6Î positive results regarding our electrical power applicationsÎ strong reduction of F-gas-emission demanded in general¾ No modification for electrical power equipment, very small adjustmentsÎ mainly reporting,reporting no restriction on SF6-electricalelectrical power equipment¾ Other branches/ substances strongly affected¾ Draft of modified EU-F-Gas-regulationÎ will be available autumn 2012 (planned by EU-commission)¾ Final decision by the EU ParliamentÎ Scheduled until beginning of 2014Link: http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/f-gas/index en.htmPage 31Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Cigré publications on SF6SF6 RECYCLINGGUIDEAssure long term use of SF6No. 2342003Avoid SF6 handlinglosses due to state-ofthe-art handlingSF6 HANDLINGGUIDENo. 27620122005SF6 TIGHTNESSGUIDENo. 4302010Page 32Christian WallnerGuarantee of SF6 tightness due to state-ofthe-art equipment and testingCigré SC B3 delivers and bundlesall technical and environmentallyaspects on SF6Copyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Current CIGRÉ activities on SF6¾WG B3.17 “Residual life concepts applied to HV GIS“(Finished, will be published in 6/2012)¾WG B3.25 “SF6 analysisy for AIS1/GIS and MTS2 Condition Assessment”¾WG B3.30 “Guide to minimize the use of SF6 during routine testing”1 Air2Insulated SwitchgearMixed Technology SwitchgearBrochures can be downloaded on http://www.e-cigre.org/Page 33Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Standards IEC 6227162271-11 Common specificationsCifi tiffor SF6-insulatedil t d anddair-insulated high-voltage switchgear and controlgear IEC 62271-200Standard of medium-voltage SF6-GIS IEC 62271-20362271 203High voltage switchgear and controlgear 52 kVHigh-voltageRevision published in 9/2011IEC 62271-3031 Use and handling of SF6IEC 603762Specification for new SF6-gasIEC 604802Checking and treatment of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)taken from electric equipmentIEEE C37.122Gas Insulated SubstationsIEEE C37.122IEEE Guide for SulphurpHexaflourideASTM D2472-00 SF6-gas1 Revisionin progress: IEC 62271-42 Maintenance of the standard scheduled until 2014.Target: 1 standard only, SF6-Gas mixtures to be included, recommendation on monitoringPage 34Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Conclusion Implementation of adequate maintenancestrategy for aged equipment Evaluation of each SF6-leakage forsystematical or individual failure Gas tight equipment and low SF6-emissionreduce life-cycle costs Residual Life of equipment goes in line withllowSF6-emissioni i For end-of-life procedures, SF6 has to bekept in a closed cyclePage 35Christian WallnerCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Thank you for your attention!GIS Lead-Factory Berlin, GermanyDr. ChDChristiani ti WallnerW llTel. 49 9131 7 33811eMail christian.wallner@siemens.comPage 36Christian WallnerPeterPt GlaubitzGl bitTel. 49 9131 7 35010eMail peter.glaubitz@siemens.comCopyright Siemens AGEnergy Sector - Power Transmission - High Voltage Substations
Sep 26, 2011 · of the German Voluntary Commitmentof the German Voluntary Commitment Based on the previous voluntary commitment (()1996) Agreed with and recognized by the German Government in 2005 Scoppg pe: Switchgear and Components 1 kV Quantified and dedicated targets for 2020 by lifecycles and
20% of new substations in countries with severe space limitations. For countries with space readily available, the higher cost of GIS relative to AIS has limited its adoption to special needs cases. In the US, only about 2 to 5% of new substations are constructed as GIS. 6 An Overview of Gas-Insulated Substations
Merlin Gerin offers an SF6 circuit breaker, the Fluarc FB. 1975 this is innovation ; applying the SF6 technique to switches with the Vercors M6 for MV/LV transformer substations. the Fluarc FB circuit breaker becomes available for systems with a rated voltage of 36 kV. 1977 A new breaking technique, the rotating
.2 Across the open breaker.3 Phase to phase.4 Pole to pole center distance 5.2 Arc quenching Medium.1 Nominal pressure SF6 (@20 C) (Normal).2 Signal loss of SF6 (@20 C) (Alarm).3 General lockout (@20 C) (Lockout).4 Quantity of SF6 gas required per breaker.5 Qty of gas being suppli
This presentation was given at th e US EPA's 2014 Workshop on SF6 Reduction Strategies held May 6-7, 2014. Keywords: Do's and Don'ts of SF6 Gas Handling, Jeff Spoljarick, Dave Smithberger, US EPA, Electric Power Workshop, 2014 Created Date: 5/28/2014 10:48:45 PM
A non-inflammable gas. SF6 is an inert gas and does not sustain combustion. The seal and the for-life lubrication of the rotary seals is provided by an oil film. In the MV circuit breaker field, for example, on more than 20000 SF6 switchgears units insatlled by the French electical utility (EDF)
KIOSK TYPE SUBSTATIONS . NS117 Design and Construction Standards for Kiosk Type Substations Amendment No 6 NW000-S0050 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 2 of 29 For Official use only ISSUE For issue to all Ausgrid and Accredited Service Providers' staff involved with the design and construction of kiosk type substations,
Insulated, and Pre-Insulated Tubing Installation Instructions These instructions provide the user with information for the installation of Swagelok single-jacketed tubing, multijacketed tubing, insulated tubing, and pre-insulated trace tubing bundles. For additional information, see the Swagelok Multijacketed Tubing, Jacketed Tubing and
the installation of Swagelok single-jacketed tubing, multijacketed tubing, insulated tubing, and pre-insulated trace tubing bundles. For additional information, see the Swagelok Multijacketed Tubing, Jacketed Tubing and Insulated Tubing catalog, MS-02-188 and Swagelok Pre-Insulated Tubing Bundles catalog, MS-02-316. Caution
