Standards & Regulations Cabling And Bracing Standard .
tci mag 3 06 front v3.qxp02/27/20063:25 PMPage 26Standards & RegulationsCabling and Bracing Standard Proposed RevisionThis is an excerpt from the draft version of theANSI standard for supplemental support systems– cabling and bracing – used in tree care that iscurrently open for public review. The reviewperiod opened Feb. 10 and closes March 27,2006. The entire proposed revision, along withinstructions for submitting comments, can bedownloaded on the Web at www.treecareindustry.org/Public/gov standards review.htm. Scrolldown to “Current Public Review Documents”and click as directied.SR A300 Part 3 Draft 1 Version 1, arevision of the American NationalStandard for Tree Care Operations –Tree, Shrub, and Other Woody PlantMaintenance–StandardPractices(Supplemental Support Systems).BContents:Foreword1 ANSI A300 standards scope, purpose, application, and implementation30 Part 1 – Supplemental Support Systems standards31 Normative references32 Definitions33 Supplemental Support Systems practices34 Supplemental Support Systems inspectionand maintenanceAnnex A Additional hardware informationAnnex B Supplemental Support Systems specification flow chartAnnex C Applicable ANSI A300 interpretationsover arboricultural safework practices.30.3.3 Operations shallcomply with applicableOccupational Safety andHealth Administration(OSHA) standards, ANSIZ133.1, as well as stateand local regulations.31 Normative referencesThe following standardscontain provisions which,through reference in thetext, constitute provisionsof this American National Fig. 33.9.2.2 Tree-to-tree. In this example a point of attachment in the upper half of thesupported tree and the lower half of the anchor-tree.Standard. All standardsare subject to revision, anding on-the-job training to obtain the experienceparties to agreements based on this Americanand the competence required to provide for, orNational Standard shall apply the most recentsupervise the management of, trees and woodyedition of the standards indicated below.ornamentals. Such trainees shall be under the(See entire revision for list of references)direct supervision of an arborist.32 Definitions32.6 bond: An electrical connection between an32.1 amon-eye nut: A drop-forged eye nut.electrically conductive object and a component32.2 anchor: A cable to tree attachment.of a lightning protection system that is intendedto significantly reduce potential differences cre32.3 anchor-tree: A tree used as an anchor inated by lightning currents.guying.32.4 arborist: An individual engaged in the profession of arboriculture who, through experience,education and related training, possesses thecompetence to provide for, or supervise the management of, trees and other woody ornamentals.32.5 arborist trainee: An individual undergo-The Foreword, Scope and Purpose are notincluded here, but explain what an ANSI standard is, that it is intended as a guide in thedrafting of maintenance specifications for public and private authorities, how it should beused, and that this public review document isnot intended for trial use.32.10 cabling: The installation of a steel wirerope, steel strand, or syntheticfiber systembetween leaders, limbs, and branches within atree.30.1 PurposeThe purpose of this clause is to provide standards for writing specifications forsupplemental support systems.30.2 Reasons for supplemental supportsystemsSupplemental support systems are used to provide additional support or limit movement of atree or tree part.30.3.1 Tree maintenance shall only be performed by an arborist or arborist trainee.30.3.2 This standard shall not take precedence2632.8 cable: 1) Zinc coated strand per ASTM A475 for dead-end grip applications. 2) Wire ropeor strand for general applications. 3) Syntheticfiber rope or synthetic-fiber webbing forgeneral applications.32.9 cable grip: A mechanical device that temporarily grasps and holds a cable duringinstallation.30 Part 3 – Supplemental Support Systemsstandards30.3 Safety32.7 bracing: The installation of lag-threadscrew or threaded-steel rods in limbs, leaders, ortrunks to provide supplemental support.32.11 compartmentalization: Physiologicalprocess that creates the chemical and physicalboundaries that act to limit the spread of diseaseand decay organisms.32.12 connector clamp: A device meetingANSI/UL-96 standard, used to bond a conductor to a steel cable.Fig. 33.9.2.1 Tree-to-ground. In this example apoint of attachment 24 feet (7.3 m) up the trunkwould place the anchors a minimum of 16 feet (4.9m) away from the base of the tree.TREE CARE INDUSTRY – MARCH 200632.13 dead-end brace: A brace formed bythreading a lag-thread screw rod directly intothe limb, leader, or trunk, but not through theside opposite the installation.32.14 dead-end grip: A manufactured wirewrap designed to form a termination in the end
tci mag 3 06 front v3.qxp02/27/20063:25 PMPage 2732.28 prop: Rigid support placed between atrunk, limb, or branch and the ground.in tree dynamics shall be considered prior toinstalling a supplemental support system.32.29 propping: The installation of a prop.33.2.3 If a condition is observed requiring attention beyond the original scope of work, thecondition shall be reported to an immediatesupervisor, the owner, or the person responsiblefor authorizing the work.32.30 shall: As used in this standard, denotes amandatory requirement.32.31 should: As used in this standard, denotesan advisory recommendation.32.32 specifications: A document stating adetailed, measurable plan or proposal for provision of a product or service.32.33 standards, ANSI A300: Performanceparameters established by industry consensus asa rule for the measure of quantity, weight,extent, value, or quality.Fig. 33.6.3.2 Correct cable installation.of 1 x 7, left-hand lay cable that meets the specifications of ASTM A-475 for zinc coatedstrand.32.15 dead-end hardware: Anchors or bracesthat are threaded directly into the tree but notthrough the side opposite the installation. Deadend hardware includes but is not limited to: laghooks, lag eyes, and lag-thread screw rod.32.16 eye bolt: A drop-forged, closed-eye bolt.32.17 eye splice: A closed-eye terminationformed into common grade cable by bending itback on itself and winding each wire around thecable a minimum of two complete turns.32.18 ground anchor: A cable to groundattachment.32.19 guying: The installation of a steel cableor synthetic-fiber cable system between a treeand an external anchor to provide supplementalsupport.32.20 lag eye: A lag-thread, drop-forged,closed-eye anchor.32.21 lag hook (J-hook): A lag-thread, Jshaped anchor.32.22 lag thread: A coarse screw threaddesigned for self tapping.32.23 lag-thread hardware: Anchors or braceswith lag-threads. Lag-thread hardware includes,but is not limited to, lag eyes, lag hooks, andlag-thread screw rod.32.24 lag-thread screw rod: A lag-thread, steelrod used for dead-end and through-brace installations.32.25 machine thread: A fine screw threaddesigned for fittings (such as nuts).32.26 machine-threaded rod: A machinethread, steel rod used for throughbraceinstallations.32.27 peen: The act of bending, rounding orflattening the fastening end(s) of through-hardware for the purpose of preventing a nut from“backing-off.”33.3 Tools and equipment33.3.1 Climbing spurs shall not be used whenclimbing trees to install supplemetal supportsystems, except in the case of emergencies, such32.34 supplemental support system: A systemdesigned to provide additional support or limitmovement of a tree or tree part.32.35 swage: A crimp-type holding device forwire rope.32.36 swage stop: A device used to seal the endof cable.32.37 taut: Tightened to the point of eliminating visible slack.32.38 termination: A device or configurationthat secures the end of a cable to the anchor in acabling or guying installation.32.39 termination hardware: Hardware usedto form a termination. Termination hardwareincludes, but is not limited to, dead-end grips,thimbles used in eye-splice configurations, andswages.32.40 thimble: An oblong galvanized or stainless steel fitting with flared margins and anopen-ended base.32.41 through-brace: A brace formed byinstalling through-hardware into a limb, leader,or trunk completely through the side oppositethe installation.32.42 through-hardware: Anchors or bracesthat pass completely through the limb, leader, ortrunk, secured with nuts and heavy-duty washers. Throughhardware includes but is notlimited to: eyebolts, lag-thread screw rod, andthreaded-steel rod.32.43 turnbuckle: A drop-forged, closed-eyedevice for adjusting tension.32.44 wedge-type ferrule: A tapered device forterminating and anchoring a cable or strand.32.45 wire rope clamps: A clamp consisting ofa “U” bolt, saddle plate, and fastening nuts.33 Supplemental support system practices33.1 Supplemental support system objectivesObjectives for supplemental support systemsshall be clearly defined prior to installation.33.2 Tree inspection33.2.1 A qualified arborist or arborist trainee shallvisually inspect each tree before beginning work.33.2.2 Structural integrity and potential changesTREE CARE INDUSTRY – MARCH 2006Please circle 30 on Reader Service Card27
tci mag 3 06 front v3.qxp02/27/20063:26 PMPage 28hook threads other hardware shall be selected.installed in compliance with minimumdistance Table 1 inANSI Z133.1 foroverhead, energizedconductors.Fig. 33.4.4 Equations for finding the percentage of soundwood.Symbol Key for Equations:X sound wood depth, working side.Y sound wood depth, opposite side.Z total trunk/branch diameter, bark diameter notincluded.Equation for percentage of sound wood for through-boltapplications:[ (X Y) Z ] x 100 % of sound wood for through-boltapplications.Equation for percentage of sound wood for dead-endapplications:(X Z) x 100 % of sound wood for dead-end applications.as aerial rescue, or when the tree cannot beclimbed safely by other methods.33.3.2 Equipment and work practices that damage bark, cambium, live palm tissue, or anycombination of these, beyond the scope of thework, should be avoided.33.5.9 Lag hooks shall be installed to preventthe termination from coming loose. Bark shouldnot be damaged beyond the scope of the workduring installation.33.5.10 Heavy-duty or heat-treated, heavy-dutyround steel washers shall be installed betweenthe nut(s) and the wood (see Fig. 38.3).33.4.7 Steel hardwareshallbecorrosion resistant.Synthetic fiber cablesystems shall beultra-violet(UV)light resistant.33.4.8 Wire ropeclamps shall not beused to form terminations in cableslarger than 1/8 inch(3 mm).33.5.11 Washers shall not be countersunk intothe wood.33.5.12 Fasteners for threaded hardware, suchas nuts, amon eyes, and turnbuckles, shall besecured to prevent loosening.33.5.13 Excess portion of the through-hardwareshall be removed.Fig. 33.5.1Correct brace positioning.33.4.9 Treatment of cavities by filling, shall notbe considered to provide support.33.5 Installation practices33.5.1 Holes should not be drilled closer together than the diameter of the branch or trunk beingdrilled or 12 inches whichever is less. Thediameter of the hole shall not be greater than 1/6the diameter of the limb, trunk, or branch at thepoint of installation.33.5.2 Longitudinal alignment of anchorsand/or braces should be avoided.33.4.1 System design shall be specified.33.4.4 Anchors and braces shall not be installedinto decayed areas where sound wood is lessthan 30 percent of the trunk or branch diameter(refer to Fig. 33.4.4).33.4.5 Steel cables or guys in trees with existinglightning protection conductors, shall be bonded to the lightning protection system. Aconnector clamp, designed for use in lightningprotection systems, shall be used to bond steelcables or guys to the lightning protection system refer to ANSI A300 Part 4 – LightningProtection Systems.33.4.6 Supplemental support systems shall be2833.5.16 Terminations formed by eye-splice configurations shall incorporate thimbles.33.5.17 Dead-end grip terminations shall onlybe used on cable that meets the specifications ofASTM A-475.33.5.18 Dead-end grip terminations shall incorporate extra heavy-duty wire rope thimbles –Type III, that meet the performance specifications of federal standard FF-T276b.33.5.20 Installations shall follow manufacturers’ recommendations. Synthetic cable systemsrelying on a loop anchor shall not girdle thetrunk, limb or branch.33.4 General33.4.3 Prior to installation, the owner orowner’s agent should be notified of the need forperiodic inspection by an arborist. Inspectionsshall be the responsibility of the tree owner andshould include supplemental support system:condition; position; cable tension; and the tree’sstructural integrity.33.5.15 Termination hardware shall be theappropriate size and type for the cable to beinstalled.33.5.19 All hardware within a system shall meetor exceed the minimum strength required toachieve the objective (see Annex A).33.3.3 Cable grips used to tension the cableshall be designed for use with the type of cablebeing installed.33.4.2 When necessary to reach the objective,pruning should be performed prior to installinga supplemental support system. Pruning shall bein accordance with ANSI A300 Part 1 –Pruning.33.5.14 Terminations shall be specified in thesystem design specifications.33.6 CablingFig. 33.5.3 Correct cable and hardware alignment.33.5.3 Anchor(s) shall be installed in alignmentwith the cable and termination hardware, andnot be subjected to side loading (see Fig.33.5.3).33.6.1 Cabling objectivesCabling objectives shall be established prior tobeginning any cabling operation.33.6.2 Cabling typesCabling system specifications should includeone or more of the following types:33.5.4 Synthetic cable systems relying on a loopanchor shall have a slide restraint.33.5.5 Only one termination shall be attached toan anchor.33.5.6 Lag-thread hardware shall only beinstalled in sound wood. The hole for the lagthread hardware shall be 1/16" to 1/8" (1.5-3mm) smaller than the diameter of the lag.33.5.7 Holes for through-hardware should notbe drilled greater than 1/8" (3 mm) of the diameter of the hardware being installed.33.5.8 Lag hooks shall only be used when theycan be seated to the full length of the threads. Ifit is not possible to seat the full length of lagTREE CARE INDUSTRY – MARCH 2006Fig. 33.6.2.133.6.2.1 Direct: Direct cabling consists of a single cable between two tree parts (three directcables shown).33.6.2.1.1 Location of hardware shall bespecified.
tci mag 3 06 front v3.qxp02/27/20063:26 PMPage 29two or more rods installedin a non-aligned pattern.33.6.3.3 The correct angleof cable installationshould be perpendicular toan imaginary line bisecting the angle between thetree parts being cabled(refer to Fig. 33.6.3.2).Fig. 33.6.2.233.6.2.2 Triangular: Consists of connecting treeparts in combination of threes. This methodshould be preferred, when maximum support isrequired (two triangular systems shown).33.6.2.2.1 Location of hardware shall be specified.33.7.3 Bracing installation33.7.3.1 A cabling systemshould be used to providesupplemental support forthe limbs forming thecrotch being braced.33.6.3.4 If existing cablesare to be replaced, theyshall not be removed untilthe new system isinstalled.33.7 BracingFig. 33.7.2.133.7.1 Bracing objectivesBracing objectives shall be established prior tobeginning any bracing operation.33.7.2 Bracing typesBracing system specifications should includeone or more of the following types:33.7.2.1 Single: Singlebracing consists of oneinstalled rod.Fig. 33.6.2.333.6.2.3 Box: Consists of connecting four ormore tree parts in a closed eries. This systemshould be used only when minimal direct support is needed.33.6.2.3.1 Location of hardware shall be specified.33.7.3.2 The preferredlocation for a single rod fora non-split crotch, shouldbe one to two times thebranch diameter above thecrotch.Fig. 33.7.2.333.7.3.3 Brace systems using multiple rodsshould have at least one rod installed above thecrotch.33.7.3.4 Bracing shall beinstalled in either a throughbrace or dead-end braceconfiguration.33.7.3.5 The minimumhardware requirements forbraces should be in accordance with the followingtable:33.7.2.2 Parallel: Parallelbracing consists of two ormore rods installed in verticalanddirectionalalignment.33.7.3.6 Through-bracing33.7.2.3Alternating:Alternating bracing conFig. 33.7.2.2sists of two or more rodsinstalled in directionalalignment but not in vertical alignment.33.7.3.6.1 Through-bracesshall be used when bracingthrough decayed area/woodor in trees that are poor compartmentalizers or havecharacteristics.33.7.2.4 Crossing: Crossing bracing consists of33.7.3.6.2 Through braces shall be terminatedFig. 33.7.2.4weakwoodFig. 33.6.2.433.6.2.4 Hub and Spoke: Consists of a centerattachment (hub) with spans (spokes) of cableradiating to three or more leaders. Hub andSpoke cabling should only be used when otherinstallation techniques cannot be installed.33.6.2.4.1 Location of hardware shall be specified.33.6.3 Cabling installation33.6.3.1 Steel cables should be taut followinginstallation.33.6.3.2 Anchor(s) should be installed at or neara point two-thirds (2/3) of the length/height ofthe limb or leader to be supported, measuredfrom the trunk or (refer to Fig. 33.6.3.2).Please circle 68 on Reader Service CardTREE CARE INDUSTRY – MARCH 200629
tci mag 3 06 front v3.qxp02/27/20063:26 PMPage 30fastened with a heavy duty or heat-treatedwasher and a nut (see Fig. 33.7.3.7.2).33.8 Propping33.8.1 Propping objectivesPropping objectives shall be established prior tobeginning any propping operation.33.8.2 Propping installation33.8.2.1 Props shall be of sufficient strength tohold the intended load.33.8.2.2 Props shall be fastened to the branch insuch a manner as to minimize damage and prevent the branch from falling off the prop.Fig. 33.7.3.7.2 Bracing a split/dead-end brace installation.with heavy duty washers and nuts.33.7.3.7 Dead-end bracing33.7.3.7.1 Dead-end bracing shall be performedwith lag-thread screw rod.33.7.3.7.2 The brace shall be installed completely through the smaller or equal portion andat least halfway into the other portion (see Fig.33.7.3.7.2).33.7.3.7.3 The exposed end of the lag-threadscrew rod shall be inside the bark or shall be33.9.2.1 Tree-to-ground: Tree-to-ground guyingconsists of installing at least one cable betweena ground anchor and the tree to be guyed.33.9.2.2 Tree-to-tree: Tree-to-tree guying consists of installing at least one cable between ananchor-tree and the tree to be guyed.33.9.3 SafetyPublic safety shall be considered in all aspectsof guying.33.9.4 Guying installation33.8.2.3 Props shall be constructed in a mannerso as not to restrict future growth of the branch.33.9.4.1 Hardware shall be installed so that it isin alignment with the angle of pull from the guy.33.8.2.4 Equipment and work practices thatdamage roots beyond the scope of the workshall be avoided.33.9.4.2 Permanent guys shall be attached to thetree with dead-end hardware or through-hardware.33.8.2.5 Props shall be secured to the ground.33.9.4.3 Tree-to-ground guying33.9 Guying established trees33.9.4.3.1 Guys shall be secured to a groundanchor(s) sufficient to achieve the objective.33.9.1 Guying established trees, objectivesObjectives for guying established trees shall beestablished prior to beginning any guyingoperation.33.9.2 Guying established trees, typesPlease circle 16 on Reader Service Card30Specifications for guying established treesshould include one or more of the followingtypes:TREE CARE INDUSTRY – MARCH 200633.9.4.3.2 Guys should be attached to the tree ator above a point not less than one-half theheight of the tree.33.9.4.3.3 Ground-anchor(s) should be placed
tci mag 3 06 front v3.qxp02/27/20063:26 PMPage 31no closer to the trunk than twothirds the distance from the ground to the height of thelowest point of attachment in the tree.33.9.4.4 Tree-to-tree guying33.9.4.4.1 Anchor-tree(s) shall be inspected forstructural integrity.
32.33 standards, ANSI A300:Performance parameters established by industry consensus as a rule for the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value, or quality. 32.34 supplemental support system: Asystem designed to provide additional support or limit movement of a tree or tree part. 32.35 swage:A crimp-type holding device for wire rope. 32.36 swage stop: Adevice used to seal the end of cable. 32 .
Bracing for steps in floors and ceilings 21 8. Wall bracing 26 9. Walls at angles to bracing lines 27 10. Roof bracing 30 11. Bracing ratings . magazine looks at the bracing requirements for . floors or ceilings
the G 15 stories steel building models is used with same configuration and different bracing systems such as Single-Diagonal, X bracing, Double X bracing, K bracing, V bracing is used. A commercial software package STAAD.Pro V8i is used for the analysis of steel buildings and different parameters are compared.
32 — Build 133 — December 2012/ January 2013 Wall bracing THIS THIRD ARTICLE IN A BUILD SERIES ON CALCULATING BRACING REQUIREMENTS FOR A BUILDING LOOKS AT WALL BRACING. TOM EDHOUSE, BRANZ TECHNICAL ADVISOR DESIGN RIGHT The same building is being used as in the previous article on subfloor bracing (see Build 132, pages 38–41) with additional information in
Network Cabling Replacement (Structured Cabling System) The County of Monroe ("County") requests proposals from qualified and experienced vendors interested in providing compliant data network cabling (structured cabling system) to replace all current CAT5/5e cabling and identified fiber cabling from desktop to and including replacement of
A. The cabling is incorrect because the controllers are cabled from the host port. B. The cabling is incorrect because it usesthe top-down bottom-up cabling method. C. The cabling is correct because it follows the recommended E-Series cabling method. D. The cabling is incorrect because they have been daisy-chained. Answer: D . QUESTION: 50
The guide is divided into six sections intended to supplement and enhance the 2009 IRC wall bracing provisions: Section 1: Basic Concepts for Code-Compliant Wall Bracing Section 2: Wall Bracing Methods Section 3: Applying the Code Section 4: „Beyond Code‟ Bracing Solutions Section 5: Wall Bracing Options for Foam-Sheathed Wall Systems .
Undercarpet Cabling Undercarpet Power, Voice and Data Distribution TE's AMP NETCONNECT undercarpet cabling system is a low profile, flexible system that makes even the most complex cabling job in office, retail, or gaming environments simple, economical and beautifully invisible. The cabling to provide power,
Undercarpet Cabling Undercarpet Power, Voice and Data Distribution The AMP NETCONNECT undercarpet cabling system is a low profile, flexible system that makes even the most complex cabling job in office, retail, or gaming environments simple, economical and beautifully invisible. The cabling to provide power,
