THE LUCIFER PRINCIPLE - WordPress
THE LUCIFER PRINCIPLEA SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITIONINTOTHE FORCES OF HISTORYby Howard BloomCopyright 2000 by Howard Bloom Introduction copyright 1997 by David Sloan WilsonComments on The Lucifer Principle"A revolutionary vision of the relationship between psychology and history. The Lucifer Principle will have a profound impact on ourconcepts of human nature. It is astonishing that a book of this importance could be such a pleasure to read." Elizabeth F. Loftus, immediatepast president, American Psychological Society, author of Witness for the Defense and The Myth of Repressed Memory"Readers will be mesmerized by the mirror Bloom holds to the human condition, and dumbfounded by the fusillade of eclectic data thatarrives with the swiftness and intensity of a furious tennis volley. His style is effortless, engaging, witty and brisk. He draws on a dozenyears of research into a jungle of scholarly fields.and meticulously supports every bit of information." Washington Post"Unlike anything you've ever read before. An act of astonishing intellectual courage." Leon Uris"a philosophical look at the history of our species, which alternated between fascinating and frightening. Reading it was like reading DeanKoontz or Stephen King: I couldn't put it down. .Masterful. Best Non-Fiction Book of the year." Mark Graham, Rocky Mountain News"Bloom's work marshals a quantity of evidence reminiscent of Darwin's 1859 Origin of Species." Dorion Sagan, Wired"Addresses a topic that more timid and conventional sources are not inclined to confront: the nature and causes of human evil.Vigorous.fervent.a freshly viable theory of human social evolution." The Washington Times"Great fun to read, and crammed with fantastic information." Martin Gardner, creator and author of The Scientific American's"Mathematical Games" section 1956-1986, author of over 100 books, including The Annotated Alice: The Definitive Edition
"Provocative.explosive.feisty.a string of rhetorical firecrackers that challenge our many forms of self-righteousness." Chet Raymo,Boston Globe"Elegant.the highest quality of brain food.[a] revolutionary new vision of human nature.[a] monumental work.heady stuff from awonderful, original thinker.simply stunning." Lawrence Hall, Newark Star-Ledger"The Lucifer Principle is a tour de force, a brilliant and seminal work." Sol Gordon, founder, The Institute for Family Research andEducation, author of When Living Hurts"Draws heavily on biological and anthropological evidence to show that human beings are not by nature isolated, self-interested individualsbut have powerful natural inclinations toward social groups, and that much of the violence and cruelty that has characterized human historyis rooted in competition between groups for status and domination." Francis Fukuyama, Foreign Affairs"Challenging" Horace Barlow, Royal Society Research Professor of Physiology, Cambridge UniversityPart 1 - When Evil Comes Disguised as LovePart 2 - Bloodstains in ParadisePart 3 - Why Humans Self-DestructvPart 4 - One Man's God Is Another Man's DevilPart 5 - Man - Inventor of the Invisible WorldPart 6 - The Mysteries of the Evolutionary Learning MachinePart 7 - Ideology is TheftPart 8 - Who Are the Next Barbarians?Part 9 - The Rise and Fall of the American EmpireThe Luciferian ParadoxPart 1 WHEN EVIL COMES DISGUISED AS LOVETABLE OF CONTENTSWHEN EVIL COMES DISGUISED AS LOVE
Introductionby David Sloan WilsonPrologueWho Is Lucifer?The Clint Eastwood ConundrumThe Whole Is Bigger Than the Sum of Its PartsThe Chinese Cultural RevolutionNotesIntroductionThe author of this book is an intellectual, originally trained in science, who decided to avoid the limitations of an academic career. Insteadof conducting laboratory experiments and competing for federal grant dollars, he put his interest in mass human behavior to work byplaying a key role in the careers of rock stars such as Michael Jackson and John Cougar Mellencamp. Meanwhile, he continued to readwidely and do what all scientists, as intellectuals, should do; attempt to understand and explain the nature of the world around him. Hisexperience "at the center of our culture's myth-making machinery" may have taught him more about human nature than a university career.Perhaps we should regard him as an anthropologist who has spent many years observing a strange tribe--us.In the course of his inquiry, Howard Bloom became convinced that evolution could explain the fundamentals of human nature and thebroad sweep of human history. He is not alone. It is no longer heretical to study our own species as one of evolution's creations, and manybooks are appearing on the subject. However, The Lucifer Principle does not merely report on the rapid developments that are taking placewithin academia. Howard Bloom has his own vision of evolution and human nature that many scientific authorities would dispute. He is aheretic among former heretics.The bone of contention is the organismic nature of human society. Thomas Hobbes and many others of his time regarded individuals as thecells and organs of a giant social organism--a Leviathan--"which is but an artificial man, though of greater stature and strength than thenatural, for whose protection and defence it was intended." Today this idea is regarded as no more than a fanciful metaphor. Evolution isthought to produce individuals who are designed to relentlessly pursue their own reproductive success. Society is merely the byproduct ofindividual striving and should not be regarded as an organism in its own right. Even individuals can be decomposed into selfish geneswhose only purpose is to replicate themselves.It is a mark of Howard Bloom's independence of thought that he resisted the extreme reductionism that pervades modern evolutionarybiology. He believes that the Leviathan, or society as an organism, is not a fanciful metaphor but an actual product of evolution. TheDarwinian struggle for existence has taken place among societies, as well as among individuals within societies. We do strive as
individuals but we are also part of something larger than ourselves, with a complex physiology and mental life that we carry out but onlydimly understand. That is the vision of evolution and human behavior found in The Lucifer Principle and at the moment it can be found nowhere else.When Howard Bloom wrote The Lucifer Principle, he studied numerous developments taking place within the halls of academe, but wasunaware of others. Evolution is increasingly being studied as a process that operates on a hierarchy of units. Even individual organisms arehigher level units, composed of parts that were themselves free-living organisms in the distant past. Truly organismic societies haveevolved in insects and even some recently discovered mammal species. As for ourselves, human society may turn out to be far moreorganismic than the vast majority of evolutionary biologists imagined only a few years ago. These discoveries are unfolding within thescientific community, and many of them have been anticipated by Bloom. Scientists and other Academicians might find themselvestreading a path forged by an outsider.As a scientist who has been developing a hierarchical view of evolution from within academia, I have learned from Howard Bloom andvalue him as a fellow traveler. I do not agree with everything he says and I sometimes blush at the way he says it--not with the reserve of ascientist but with the brashness of a mass media denizen. Of course, that only makes the book more fun for the average reader. Many ofHoward Bloom's ideas must be passed through the scientific verification machine before they can be accepted. Until then, your motto forThe Lucifer Principle should be not "read it and believe," but "read it and think."--David Sloan WilsonBinghamton, New YorkPrologueThe Lucifer Principle is a book with a peculiar mission. Its goal is to provide the reader with a new way of looking at his world. TheLucifer Principle takes fresh data from a variety of sciences and shapes them into a perceptual lens, a tool with which to reinterpret thehuman experience. It attempts to offer a very different approach to the anatomy of the social organism, a new way of understanding theoperation of its tendons, bones and joints.In the process, The Lucifer Principle contends that "evil" is a by-product of nature's strategies for creation and is woven into our mostbasic biological fabric. This argument echoes a very old one. St. Paul proposed it when he put forth the doctrine of original sin. Thomas
Hobbes resurrected it when he called the lot of man brutish and nasty. Anthropologist Raymond Dart brought it to the fore again when heinterpreted fossil remains in Africa as evidence that man is a killer ape. Old as it is, the concept has often had revolutionary implications.Why? Because it has been the thread on which men like Hobbes and St. Paul have hung dramatic new visions of the world.I've attempted to employ the subject of man's inborn "evil" like those who turned to the subject in the past--to offer up a restructuring ofthe way we see the business of being human. I've taken the conclusions of cutting-edge sciences--ethology, sociobiology,psychoneuroimmunology and the study of complex adaptive systems, among others--to suggest a new way of looking at culture,civilization, and the mysterious emotions of those who live inside the social beast. The goal is to open the path toward a new sociology,one which escapes the narrow boundaries of Durkheimian, Weberian and Marxist concepts, theories that have proven invaluable to thestudy of mass human behavior while simultaneously entrapping it in orthodoxy.The Lucifer Principle is organized as a dessert tray for the intellect. But is the tasting worth the effort? That's for you to say. I can onlypromise one small thing. When you've finished The Lucifer Principle, you are unlikely to see the daily events around you in the same oldway again.Who is Lucifer?Then Lucifer set forth to conquer the earth, using as his pawn a fresh godly invention, an innocent pair Jehovah had planted in agarden--Adam and Eve. The Great Seducer tempted Eve with the apple of knowledge. She could not resist the Luciferian fruit. Eve's sinagainst God corrupted all mankind. Ever since that time, man has aspired to the Lord, but found himself a victim of the devil.Marcion the heretic said God was responsible for evil. Mainstream Christians absolved the Almighty of responsibility by blaming all that'swrong on the Prince of Darkness and on man. But, in a strange way, Marcion had a better handle on the situation than the moreconventional followers of the church, for Lucifer is merely one of the faces of a larger force. "Evil" is a by-product, a component ofcreation. In a world evolving into ever higher forms, hatred, violence, aggression and war are a part of the evolutionary plan. But where dothey fit? Why do they exist? What possible positive purpose could they serve? These are some of the questions behind The LuciferPrinciple.The Lucifer Principle is a complex of natural rules each working together to weave a fabric that sometimes frightens and appalls us. Everyone of the threads in that tapestry is fascinating. But the big picture is more astonishing still.At its heart, The Lucifer Principle looks something like this. The nature scientists uncover has crafted our viler impulses into us--in fact,
they are a part of the process she uses to create. Lucifer is the dark side of cosmic fecundity, the cutting blade of the sculptor's knife.Nature does not abhor evil; she embraces it. She uses it to build. With it she moves the human world to greater heights of organization,intricacy and power.Death, destruction and fury do not disturb the mother of our world. They are merely parts of her plan. Only we are outraged by the LuciferPrinciple's consequences. And we have every right to be. For we are casualties of nature's callous indifference to life, pawns who sufferand die to live out her schemes.One result: from our best qualities come our worst. From our urge to pull together comes our tendency to tear each other apart. From ourdevotion to a higher good comes our propensity to the foulest atrocities. From our commitment to ideals come our excuses to hate. Sincethe beginning of history, we have been blinded by evil's ability to don a selfless disguise. We have failed to see that our finest qualities areoften the generators of the actions we most abhor--murder, torture, genocide and war.For millennia men and women have looked at the ruins of their lost homes, at the people precious to them whom they will never see aliveagain, and they have asked that spears be turned to pruning hooks and that mankind be granted the gift of peace. But prayers are not enough.To dismantle the curse that mother nature has built into us we need a new way of looking at man, a new way of reshaping our destiny andundoing the secret pleasure we take in the shedding of blood.We must build a picture of the human soul that works. Not a romantic vision that nature will take us in her arms and save us fromourselves, but a recognition that the enemy is within us, and that nature has deposited it there. We need to stare directly into nature'sbloody face and realize that she has saddled us with evil for a reason. And we must understand that reason to outwit her.For Lucifer is almost everything men like Milton imagined him to be. He is ambitious, an organizer, a force reaching out vigorously tomaster even the stars of heaven. But he is not a demon separate from nature's benevolence. He is a part of the creative force itself.Lucifer, in fact, is mother nature's alter ego.The Clint Eastwood ConundrumWe think of ourselves as rugged individuals, cocky Clint Eastwood-like characters capable of making up our own minds, no matter whatkind of group pressures might torpedo the less independent thoughts of people around us. Eric Fromm, the psychoanalytic guru of the'60s, turned the idea that the individual can control his own universe into a rabidly popular notion. Fromm told us that needing other peoplewas a character flaw, a mark of immaturity. Possessiveness in a romantic relationship was an illness. Jealousy was a character stain of thehighest magnitude. A mature individual was one who could drift through this world in the self-contained manner of an interstellar
transport, manufacturing its own oxygen and food. That rare healthy soul, Fromm wished us to believe, had an indestructible sense of hisown worth. As a consequence, he had no need for the admiration and reassurance that only the weak simper after.Fromm was trapped by a scientific fallacy that has become mainstream dogma. Current evolutionary theory, as promoted by scientists likeHarvard's E.O. Wilson and the University of Washington's David Barash, says that only the competition between individuals counts--theconcept is called "individual selection." Social groups may glare and posture, threaten, connive and occasionally battle to a grim andbloody death, but none of this really matters. The dogma of the moment declares emphatically that the creature struggling alone, oroccasionally helping out a relative, is the only one whose efforts drive the engines of evolution.However, the accepted view requires a closer look. Among humans, groups have all too often been the prime movers. It is theircompetition which has driven us on the inexorable track toward higher degrees of order.This is one key to the Lucifer Principle.At first glance, the notion seems elementary, scarcely worth exploring further. But it has revolutionary implications. The competitionbetween groups explains the mystery of our self-destructive emotions.depression, anxiety and hopelessness. It explains our ferociousaddiction to mythology, scientific theory, ideology and religion. And it explains one even more disturbing addiction. to hatred.Group competition solves the puzzles of the immune system recently uncovered by researchers in psychoneuroimmunology. It answersthe perceptual riddles revealed by new studies on endorphins and control. And it even offers solutions to some of our most bafflingpolitical dilemmas.Individualism is a personal credo of great importance. I, for one, am a passionate believer in it. But to scientists, it has been a chimeraleading them down a dead-end path. Specifically, individualism has reared its head in science in the form of a simple proposition. If apiece of physiology--a tooth, a claw, an opposable thumb, or the neural circuit underlying an instinct--has emerged from the evolutionaryprocess, it has triumphed for a simple reason--it has helped the individual survive. More specifically, the physiological device has provenuseful in the survival of a long line of individuals, each of whom maintained a competitive edge by virtue of the piece of biologicalequipment in question. The problem: this basic premise is only right up to a point. Individual survival is not the only mechanism of theevolutionary process.Take, for example, recent research on stress. The stress response--with its high levels of corticosteroids and its clammy manifestations ofanxiety--is usually described as part of a fight or flight syndrome, a survival device left over from the days when men were fending offsabertooth tigers. When our primitive ancestors were confronted with a snarling beast, the stress response supposedly prepared them toengage the brute in battle or to hot foot it out of the path of danger.But if the stress response is such a marvelous tool for self defense, why is it so disabling? Why do stress reactions shut down our thoughtprocesses, cripple our immune system, and occasionally turn us into stupefied blobs of jelly? How do these impairments help us survive?
The answer: they don't. Men and animals do not merely struggle to maintain their individual existence. They are members of larger socialgroups. And all too often, it is the social unit, not the individual, whose survival comes first.At first glance, our dependence on our fellow human beings sounds encouragingly angelic. But it is a blessing with a barb. Harvardpsychologist Daniel Goleman, paraphrasing Nietzsche, says "Madness.is the exception in individuals, but the rule in groups."3 A study bysocial psychologist Bryan Mullen shows that the larger the lynch mob the more brutal the lynching.4 Freud declares that groups are"impulsive, changeable and irritable." Those caught up within them, he asserts, can become infantile slaves to emotion, "led almostexclusively by the unconscious."5 Swept up by the emotions of a crowd, humans tend to lose their ethical restraints. As a result, thegreatest human evils are not those that individuals perform in private--the tiny transgressions against some arbitrary social standard we callsins. The ultimate evils are the mass murders that occur in revolution and war, the large-scale savageries that arise when oneagglomeration of humans tries to dominate another. They are the deeds of the social group.The social pack, as we shall see, is a necessary nurturer. It gives us love and sustenance. Without its presence, our mind and body literallyswitch on an arsenal of interior devices for self-demolition. If we ever save ourselves from the scourge of mass violence, it will bethrough the efforts of millions of minds, networked together in the collaborative processes of science, philosophy, and movements forsocial change. In short, only a group effort can save us from the sporadic insanities of the group.This book is about the social body in which we are the unwitting cells. It is about the hidden ways in which that social group manipulatesour psychology, and even our biology. It is about how a social organism scrambles for survival--and works for mastery over otherorganisms of its kind. It is about how we, without the slightest sense of what the long term results may be of our min
The Lucifer Principle is a book with a peculiar mission. Its goal is to provide the reader with a new way of looking at his world. The Lucifer Principle takes fresh data from a variety of sciences and shapes them into a perceptual lens, a tool with which to reinterpret the human experience.
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