BHUTAN CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS
BHUTAN CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS(BCAR's)BCAR- General Aviation(Aeroplanes)Issue 1October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationNote: - For the purpose of assuring compatibility with international safetystandards and to fulfil Bhutan's obligations as an ICAO Member State,this BCAR-General Aviation is comparable with ICAO Annex 6 Part II International General Aviation (Aeroplanes).CONTENTSAbbreviations and symbolsPublicationsCHAPTER 1. DefinitionsCHAPTER 2. ApplicabilityCHAPTER 3. GeneralCHAPTER 4. Flight preparation and in-flight procedures4.1 Adequacy of operating facilities4.2 Aerodrome operating minima4.3 Briefing4.4 Aeroplane airworthiness and safety precautions4.5 Weather reports and forecasts4.6 Limitations imposed by weather conditions4.7 Destination alternate aerodromes4.8 Fuel and oil supply4.9 Oxygen supply4.10 Use of oxygen4.11 In-flight emergency instruction4.12 Weather reporting by pilots4.13 Hazardous flight conditions4.14 Fitness of flight crew members4.15 Flight crew members at duty stations4.16 Instrument flight procedures4.17 Instruction — general4.18 Refuelling with passengers on boardCHAPTER 5. Aeroplane performance operating limitationsCHAPTER 6. Aeroplane instruments and equipment6.1 All aeroplanes on all flights6.2 All aeroplanes operated as VFR flights6.3 All aeroplanes on flights over water6.4 All aeroplanes on flights over designated land areas6.5 All aeroplanes on high altitude flights6.6 All aeroplanes operated in accordance with the instrument flight rules6.7 All aeroplanes when operated at night6.8 All aeroplanes complying with the noise certification Standards in Annex 16, VolumeI6.9 Aeroplanes required to be equipped with ground proximity warning systems (GPWS)6.10 Flight recorders6.11 Mach number indicator6.12 Emergency locator transmitter (ELT)6.13 Aeroplanes required to be equipped with a pressure-altitude reporting transponder6.14 Aeroplanes required to be equipped with an airborne collision avoidance system(ACAS II)6.15 MicrophonesInitial Issue-1-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationCHAPTER 7. Aeroplane communication and navigation equipment7.1 Communication equipment7.2 Navigation equipmentCHAPTER 8. Aeroplane maintenance8.1 Responsibilities8.2 Maintenance records8.3 Continuing airworthiness information8.4 Modifications and repairs8.5 Maintenance releaseCHAPTER 9. Aeroplane flight crew9.1 Qualifications9.2 Composition of the flight crewAPPENDIX 1. Lights to be displayed by aeroplanes1. Terminology2. Navigation lights to be displayed in the air3. Lights to be displayed on the waterAPPENDIX 2. Altimetry system performance requirements for operations in RVSM airspaceATTACHMENT A. Flight recordersIntroduction1. Flight data recorder (FDR)2. Cockpit voice recorder (CVR)3. Inspections of flight data and cockpit voice recorder systemsATTACHMENT B. Carriage and use of oxygenIntroduction1. Oxygen supply2. Use of oxygenINTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKInitial Issue-2-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationABBREVIATIONS AND ACASEATCATSCAT ICAT IICAT IIICAT IIIACAT IIIBCAT aIFRIMCINSkgkmkm/hktmMDAInitial Issue-Airborne collision avoidance systemAccident/incident reportingAutomatic dependent surveillence — contractAutomatic flight control systemAerodromes, air routes and ground aidsAccident investigation and preventionAsia/PacificAltimetry system errorAir traffic controlAir traffic servicesCategory ICategory IICategory IIICategory IIIACategory IIIBCategory IIICControlled flight into terrainCentimetreCockpit voice recorderDecision altitudeDecision altitude/heightDecision heightDistance measuring equipmentElectronic centralized aircraft monitorElectronic flight instrument systemExhaust gas temperatureEngine indication and crew alerting systemEmergency locator transmitterAutomatic fixed ELTAutomatic portable ELTAutomatic deployable ELTSurvival ELTEngine pressure ratioEuropean Organization for Civil Aviation EquipmentFlight data acquisition unitFlight data recorderFlight levelFrequency modulationFootNormal accelerationGround proximity warning systemHectopascalInstrument flight rulesInstrument meteorological conditionsInertial navigation systemsKilogramKilometreKilometres per hourKnotMetreMinimum descent altitude-3-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil RVSMSISICASPBCAR- General AviationTLSTVEUTCVDVFRVMCVS0-WXR-Minimum descent altitude/heightMinimum descent heightMegahertzMinimum navigation performance specificationsNavigationNautical mileHigh pressure turbine speedObstacle clearance altitudeObstacle clearance altitude/heightObstacle clearance heightRequired communication performanceRequired navigation performanceRunway visual rangeReduced vertical separation minimaInternational System of UnitsSecondary Surveillance Radar Improvements and CollisionAvoidance Systems PanelTarget level of safetyTotal vertical errorCoordinated universal timeDesign diving speedVisual flight rulesVisual meteorological conditionsStalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landingconfigurationWeather-Degrees CelsiusPer cent-Symbols C%INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKInitial Issue-4-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationPUBLICATIONS (referred to in this Part)Convention on International Civil Aviation (Doc 7300)International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea European Organization for CivilAviation Equipment (EUROCAE) Documents ED55 and ED56APolicy and Guidance Material on the Economic Regulation of International Air Transport(Doc 9587)Annexes to the Convention on International Civil Aviation:Annex 1 — Personnel LicensingAnnex 2 — Rules of the AirAnnex 3 — Meteorological Service for International Air NavigationAnnex 5 — Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground OperationsAnnex 6 — Operation of AircraftPart I — International Commercial Air Transport — AeroplanesPart III — International Operations — HelicoptersAnnex 8 — Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 10 — Aeronautical TelecommunicationsVolume III (Part I — Digital Data Communication Systems, Part II — VoiceCommunication Systems)Volume IV (Surveillance Radar and Collision Avoidance Systems)Annex 11 — Air Traffic ServicesAnnex 12 — Search and RescueAnnex 13 — Aircraft Accident and Incident InvestigationAnnex 14 — AerodromesVolume I — Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 15 — Aeronautical Information ServicesAnnex 16 — Environmental ProtectionVolume I — Aircraft NoiseAnnex 18 — The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air Procedures for AirNavigation ServicesOPS — Aircraft Operations (Doc 8168)Volume I — Flight ProceduresVolume II — Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight ProceduresATM — Air Traffic Management (Doc 4444)Protocol Relating to an Amendment to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Article83 bis) (Doc 9318)Regional Supplementary Procedures (Doc 7030)Manuals:Accident/Incident Reporting Manual (ADREP Manual) (Doc 9156)Initial Issue-5-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationAirport Services Manual (Doc 9137)Part 1 — Rescue and Fire FightingPart 8 — Airport Operational ServicesAirworthiness Manual (Doc 9760)Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine (Doc 8984)Manual on Implementation of a 300 m (1000 ft) Vertical Separation Minimum Between FL290 and FL 410 Inclusive (Doc 9574)Manual on Required Communications Performance (RCP) (Doc 9869)Manual on Required Navigation Performance (RNP) (Doc 9613)INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKInitial Issue-6-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationCHAPTER 1. - DEFINITIONSWhen the following terms are used in this Part for the operation of aeroplanes in domestic andinternational general aviation, they have the following meanings:Aerial work. An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized services such asagriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search andrescue, aerial advertisement, etc.Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations andequipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure andsurface movement of aircraft.Aerodrome operating minima. The limits of usability of an aerodrome for:a) take-off, expressed in terms of runway visual range and/or visibility and, if necessary,cloud conditions;b) landing in precision approach and landing operations, expressed in terms of visibilityand/or runway visual range and decision altitude/height (DA/H) as appropriate to thecategory of the operation;c) landing in approach and landing operations with vertical guidance, expressed in termsof visibility and/or runway visual range and decision altitude/height (DA/H); andd) landing in non-precision approach and landing operations, expressed in terms ofvisibility and/or runway visual range, minimum descent altitude/height (MDA/H) and,if necessary, cloud conditions.Aeroplane. A power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly fromaerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.Aircraft. Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the airother than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface.Alternate aerodrome. An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it becomes eitherimpossible or inadvisable to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of intended landing.Alternate aerodromes include the following:Take-off alternate. An alternate aerodrome at which an aircraft can land should thisbecome necessary shortly after take-off and it is not possible to use the aerodrome ofdeparture.En-route alternate. An aerodrome at which an aircraft would be able to land afterexperiencing an abnormal or emergency condition while en route.Destination alternate. An alternate aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed should itbecome either impossible or inadvisable to land at the aerodrome of intended landing.Note.— The aerodrome from which a flight departs may also be an en-route or a destination alternate aerodrome for that flight.Altimetry system error (ASE). The difference between the altitude indicated by the altimeterdisplay, assuming a correct altimeter barometric setting, and the pressure altitude corresponding to the undisturbed ambient pressure.Approach and landing operations using instrument approach procedures. Instrumentapproach and landing operations are classified as follows:Non-precision approach and landing operations. An instrument approach and landingwhich utilizes lateral guidance but does not utilize vertical guidance.Approach and landing operations with vertical guidance. An instrument approach andlanding which utilizes lateral and vertical guidance but does not meet the requirementsestablished for precision approach and landing operations.Precision approach and landing operations. An instrument approach and landing usingprecision lateral and vertical guidance with minima as determined by the category ofoperation.Initial Issue-7-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationNote.— Lateral and vertical guidance refers to the guidance provided either by:a) a ground-based navigation aid; orb) computer generated navigation data.Categories of precision approach and landing operations:Category I (CAT I) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with adecision height not lower than 60 m (200 ft) and with either a visibility not less than800 m or a runway visual range not less than 550 m.Category II (CAT II) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with adecision height lower than 60 m (200 ft), but not lower than 30 m (100 ft), and arunway visual range not less than 350 m.Category IIIA (CAT IIIA) operation. A precision instrument approach and landingwith:a) a decision height lower than 30 m (100 ft) or no decision height; andb) a runway visual range not less than 200 m.Category IIIB (CAT IIIB) operation. A precision instrument approach and landingwith:a) a decision height lower than 15 m (50 ft) or no decision height; andb) a runway visual range less than 200 m but not less than 50 m.Category IIIC (CAT IIIC) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing withno decision height and no runway visual range limitations.Note.— Where decision height (DH) and runway visual range (RVR) fall into differentcategories of operation, the instrument approach and landing operation would be conducted in accordance with the requirements of the most demanding category (e.g. anoperation with a DH in the range of CAT IIIA but with an RVR in the range of CAT IIIBwould be considered a CAT IIIB operation or an operation with a DH in the range of CATII but with an RVR in the range of CAT I would be considered a CAT II operation).Commercial air transport operation. An aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire.Dangerous goods. Articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety,property or the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in theTechnical Instructions or which are classified according to those Instructions.Note.— Dangerous goods are classified in BCAR Part 18 and ICAO Annex 18, Chapter 3.DCA. Department of Civil Aviation in Bhutan.Decision altitude (DA) or decision height (DH). A specified altitude or height in theprecision approach or approach with vertical guidance at which a missed approach must beinitiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been established.Note 1.— Decision altitude (DA) is referenced to mean sea level and decision height (DH)is referenced to the threshold elevation.Note 2.— The required visual reference means that section of the visual aids or of theapproach area which should have been in view for sufficient time for the pilot to havemade an assessment of the aircraft position and rate of change of position, in relation tothe desired flight path. In Category III operations with a decision height the requiredvisual reference is that specified for the particular procedure and operation.Note 3.— For convenience where both expressions are used they may be written in theform “decision altitude/height” and abbreviated “DA/H”.Emergency locator transmitter (ELT). A generic term describing equipment which broadcastdistinctive signals on designated frequencies and, depending on application, may beautomatically activated by impact or be manually activated. An ELT may be any of thefollowing:Automatic fixed ELT (ELT(AF)). An automatically activated ELT which is permanentlyattached to an aircraft.Initial Issue-8-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General AviationAutomatic portable ELT (ELT(AP)). An automatically activated ELT which is rigidlyattached to an aircraft but readily removable from the aircraft.Automatic deployable ELT (ELT(AD)). An ELT which is rigidly attached to an aircraft andwhich is automatically deployed and activated by impact, and, in some cases, also byhydrostatic sensors. Manual deployment is also provided.Survival ELT (ELT(S)). An ELT which is removable from an aircraft, stowed so as tofacilitate its ready use in an emergency, and manually activated by survivors.Flight crew member. A licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the operationof an aircraft during a flight duty period.Flight manual. A manual, associated with the certificate of airworthiness, containing limitations within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy, and instructions andinformation necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation of the aircraft.Flight plan. Specified information provided to air traffic services units, relative to anintended flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft.Flight recorder. Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing accident/incident investigation.Flight time — aeroplanes. The total time from the moment an aeroplane first moves for thepurpose of taking off until the moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight.Note.— Flight time as here defined is synonymous with the term “block to block” time or“chock to chock” time in general usage which is measured from the time an aeroplanefirst moves for the purpose of taking off until it finally stops at the end of the flight.General aviation operation. An aircraft operation other than a commercial air transportoperation or an aerial work operation.Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). Meteorological conditions expressed in termsof visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling*, less than the minima specified for visualmeteorological conditions.Note.— The specified minima for visual meteorological conditions are contained in BCARPart 4 and Chapter 4 of ICAO Annex 2.Maintenance. The performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing airworthiness of anaircraft, including any one or combination of overhaul, inspection, replacement, defectrectification, and the embodiment of a modification or repair.Maintenance programme. A document which describes the specific scheduled maintenancetasks and their frequency of completion and related procedures, such as a reliability programme, necessary for the safe operation of those aircraft to which it applies.Maintenance release. A document which contains a certification confirming that themaintenance work to which it relates has been completed in a satisfactory manner, eitherin accordance with the approved data and the procedures described in the maintenanceorganization’s procedures manual or under an equivalent system.Meteorological information. Meteorological report, analysis, forecast, and any otherstatement relating to existing or expected meteorological conditions.Minimum descent altitude (MDA) or minimum descent height (MDH). A specified altitudeor height in a non-precision approach or circling approach below which descent must notbe made without the required visual reference.Note 1.— Minimum descent altitude (MDA) is referenced to mean sea level and minimumdescent height (MDH) is referenced to the aerodrome elevation or to the thresholdelevation if that is more than 2 m (7 ft) below the aerodrome elevation. A minimumdescent height for a circling approach is referenced to the aerodrome elevation.Note 2.— The required visual reference means that section of the visual aids or of theapproach area which should have been in view for sufficient time for the pilot to haveInitial Issue-9-1st October 2010
Bhutan Civil Aviation RequirementsDepartment of Civil AviationBCAR- General Aviationmade an assessment of the aircraft position and rate of change of position, in relation tothe desired flight path. In the case of a circling approach the required visual reference isthe runway environment.Note 3.— For convenience when both expressions are used they may be written in the form“minimum descent altitude/height” and abbreviated “MDA/H”.Night. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civiltwilight or such other period between sunset and sunrise, as may be prescribed by theappropriate authority.Note.— Civil twilight ends in the evening when the centre of the sun’s disc is 6 degreesbelow the horizon and begins in the morning when the centre of the sun’s disc is 6 degreesbelow the horizon.Obstacle clearance altitude (OCA) or obstacle clearance height (OCH). The lowest altitudeor the lowest height above the elevation
Airworthiness Manual (Doc 9760) Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine (Doc 8984) Manual on Implementation of a 300 m (1000 ft) Vertical Separation Minimum Between FL 290 and FL 410 Inclusive (Doc 9574) Manual on Required Communications Performance (RCP) (Doc 9869) Manual on Required Navigation Performance (
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