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The Complete Bookof Locks andLocksmithingBill PhillipsSixth EditionMcGraw-HillNew YorkChicago San Francisco Lisbon London MadridMexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan SeoulSingapore Sydney Toronto
Copyright 2005 by Bill Phillips. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under theUnited States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, orstored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.0-07-158896-5The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144829-2.All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps.McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporatetraining programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212)904-4069.TERMS OF USEThis is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to thework. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store andretrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative worksbased upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it withoutMcGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work isstrictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms.THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIESAS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THEWORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TOIMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and itslicensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation willbe uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, erroror omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for anyindirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, evenif any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or causewhatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise.DOI: 10.1036/0071448292
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For more information about this title, click hereContentsForeword by Greg Mango, Editor, The National LocksmithPrefacexiAcknowledgmentsxiiChapter 1. A Short History of the LockWho Invented the Lock?EgyptGreeceRomeEuropeEnglandAmericaEarly American Lock CompaniesA Brief History of Automobile Locks in the United StatesChapter 2. Tools of the TradeElectric DrillsCordless DrillsKey Cutting MachinesWorkbenchChapter 3. Types of Locks and KeysWhat Is a LockLock NamesLock GradesKey TypesKey Blank IdentificationKey Blank ExamplesLook-Alike KeysNeuter Bowsix1112256912131515171818373738464748505457iii
ivContentsChapter 4. Warded LocksTypesConstructionOperationRepairWarded KeysChapter 5. Lever Tumbler LocksPartsOperationRepairsVarieties of Lever Tumbler LocksLever Tumbler Lock KeysChapter 6. Disc Tumbler LocksOperationDisassemblyKeyingSecurityCam LocksReading Disc Tumbler LocksDouble-Bitted Disc Tumbler LocksChapter 7. Pin Tumbler LocksConstructionDisassemblyAssemblyChoosing a Pin Tumbler LocksetPin Tumbler Cylinder Mortise LocksThe Cylinder KeyChapter 8. High-Security Mechanical LocksUnderwriters Laboratories ListingKey ControlLock and Key PatentsTypes of High-Security Mechanical LocksChapter 9. MasterkeyingCoding SystemsMaster Key SystemsMasterkeying Warded LocksMasterkeying Lever Tumbler locksMaterkeying Disc Tumbler locksMasterkeying Pin Tumbler 54
ContentsDeveloping the Master Key SystemMaster Key System VariationsA Simple Master Key SystemChapter 10. Detention Locks and HardwareTypes of LocksElectric StrikesChoosing the Right EquipmentChapter 11. Buying and Selling SafesTypes of SafesSafe StylesInstalling an In-Floor SafeMoving SafesSpecial Safe FeaturesUnderwriters Laboratories Fire Safe RatingsUnderwriters Laboratories Burglary Safe StandardSelling More SafesChapter 12. Keyed PadlocksChoosing a PadlockWarded PadlocksWafer Disc PadlocksPin Tumbler PadlocksMajor Padlock Manufacturers and Their ProductsHelpful 8190195195196198199201215Chapter 13. Home and Business Services217Common Problems and TroubleshootingCorbin Cylindrical LocksetsThe MAG Ultra 700 DeadboltM.A.G. Engineering and Mfg., Inc.The Schlage G Series LocksetStrike PlatesM.A.G.’s Install-A-LockExit Alarm Locks and Panic Bar Deadlocks217219234236245268272276Chapter 14. Lock Picking and ImpressioningPicking Pin Tumbler LocksWhy Pin Tumbler Locks Can be PickedRakingUsing a Pick GunLock Picking TipsPicking High-Security Cylinders297297297300301301305
viContentsThe Need for PracticeImpressioning LocksOther Useful Equipment and SuppliesPopular Impressioning TechniqueAlternative Impressioning MethodProblems with ImpressioningImpressioning PracticeWarded Bit-Key Locks306306307308310310311311Chapter 15. Servicing Automotive Locks313Vehicle Identification NumbersBasics of Automobile Lock ServicingDoor LocksIgnition LocksGlove-Compartment LocksTrunk LocksTranspondersAmerican Motors CorporationAudiBMWChryslerDatsunFordGeneral MotorsServicing General Motors Vehicles with VATSHondaChapter 16. Opening Locked CarsOpening Locked CarsCar-Opening TechniquesThe Long-Reach ToolCar-Opening Dispatch ProcedureChapter 17. Emergency and Forced Entry ProceduresDrilling Pin Tumbler LocksCylinder RemovalWindow EntrancesOffice LocksDoorsUnlocking Thumbcuffs, Handcuffs, and LegcuffsForced EntryChapter 18. Combination 353355359361361362
ContentsDrillingChanging CombinationsOther Keyless Locksvii363363368Chapter 19. Electrical Access and Exit Control Systems401Electric Release Latch StrikesCircuitryElectric Door OpenersElectrified Mortise LocksElectrified Knob LocksElectromagnetic LocksElectrical Keyless LocksKey-Actuated Switches401411418429432441449455Chapter 20. Working as a Locksmith461Finding a JobBusiness ConsiderationsThe Locksmith and the Law461472483Chapter 21. Key Duplicating Machines487Critical Design FactorsFramon’s DBM-1 Flat Key MachineIlco’s KD50A487490493Chapter 22. Test Your Knowledge501Registered Professional Locksmith Answer Sheet509Chapter 23. Making Locks by Hand511A Warded Bit-Key Lock with DeadboltEnglish Iron Rim Lock511521Chapter 24. Answers to Frequently Asked QuestionsAppendix A. Manufacturers 533Appendix B. Locksmith Suppliers’ Profiles and Addresses545Appendix C. Miscellaneous Important Addresses, Phone Numbers, Web SitesAppendix D. Locksmithing Schools and Training Programs553Appendix E. Depth and Space Charts559Index 571About the Author589525549
To Patricia Bruce not only because she isa good friend and a fine writer but alsobecause she listened . . . and listened . . .and listened.
ForewordThe knowledge, skill, and expertise of any true professional often can be gauged bythe library of literature that he or she keeps and has read. In the often mysterious,secretive, and intriguing world of locks and locksmithing, no true professional,aficionado, or curiosity seeker would be without The Complete Book of Locks andLocksmithing, 6th edition. Just as the title states, this is by far the most complete,informative, and all-encompassing piece of literature ever assembled between twocovers on this subject.As a 21-year veteran of the locksmith trade, I can tell you that the scope of thisbook (covering one of the oldest trades known to humans) is much broader thanone would think. The locksmith profession is also often one of the most challenging and rewarding. There are few things in life that are dearer to anyone than thesecurity of their family and worldly possessions. Having the knowledge and abilityto instill and incorporate security, eliminating the helpless sense of vulnerability,is what locksmithing is all about. However, to accomplish this task, knowledge ofall the available security devices and an intimate knowledge of their operation andapplications are necessary. Enveloping yourself within the pages of this book certainly will set you on the right path.The test of any good source of information is that it is one that you refer to againand again. This is sure to be the case with The Complete Book of Locks andLocksmithing, 6th edition. This is so much more than a “book” on locks and locksmithing. It is an encyclopedia of locks and locksmithing. It is a reference manualfrom which anyone at any level of skill or experience can glean a wealth of information. It is an informative, well-studied, impeccably presented piece of work thatrequired an exhaustive amount of research, cataloging, organizing, and writing toassemble and publish. This is a daunting task, demanding the talents of a skilledwriter and locksmith, and Bill Phillips certainly possesses the necessary requirements to accomplish it.Bill Phillips is a knowledgeable locksmith and talented writer. He is one ofthose individuals who possess the rare ability to make a wide variety of complicated topics enjoyable to read and easy to understand. This is a sure sign of atalented, versatile writer.When Bill Phillips asked me to write this Foreword, I was honored and flattered. I am privileged to have Bill Phillips’ name included on my masthead ofcontributing writers. As editor of The National Locksmith magazine, I cherish hiscontributions on security-related topics. The National Locksmith is the oldestand most respected locksmith trade journal in the industry, serving locksmiths andsecurity professionals since 1929. This monthly magazine has a group of the mostexperienced and well-respected writers in the field of locksmithing. In 2004, BillPhillips became one of the distinguished elite to join The National Locksmith’s outstanding team of contributing writers, and I couldn’t be more excited to have him.ixCopyright 2005 by Bill Phillips. Click here for terms of use.
xForewordBill Phillips and The National Locksmith share one common goal—to provideinformative, timely, useful, and cutting-edge information to beginning and experienced locksmiths. Bill Phillips accomplishes this through his writings and personalpresentations. The National Locksmith does it through its monthly publication, as well as books, software, The Institutional Locksmith magazine, thewww.TheNationalLocksmith.com Web site, and membership organizations suchas the National Safeman’s Organization (NSO) and the National LocksmithAutomobile Organization (NLAA).Few people have as much knowledge or experience writing about locks or locksmithing as Bill Phillips does. He has written for most of the locksmith tradejournals, many general consumer magazines, and the World Book Encyclopedia(the “Lock” article), and he has been published by one of the most respected anddistinguished publishing houses—McGraw Hill. Those are claims and accomplishments few others can make.If you want to become a locksmith or are just fascinated with locks and wantan insider’s view, you won’t find a better book than The Complete Book of Locksand Locksmithing, 6th edition. It’s a tremendous treasure of information thatyou will refer to for years to come.Greg MangoGreg Mango is a 21-year veteran of the locksmith industry. He is currentlyeditor of The National Locksmith magazine and director of the National LocksmithAutomobile Organization (NLAA). He has authored numerous security-relatedarticles for multiple publications over the last 15 years and his monthly “Mango’sMessage” editorial column is read by thousands.
PrefaceI’ve read a lot of great reviews for earlier editions of The Complete Book of Locksand Locksmithing. For the last edition, the most memorable one came from AlanT. Peto, who works for the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department.He wroteThis is a great “catch-all” book about locksmithing. Although it looks like it isdesigned for beginners, it still has invaluable information on a variety of locks, etc.,so it will remain in your shop for years to come. . . . The book is also invaluable tohomeowners . . . and anyone who wants to know more about locks, safes, and more!Mr. Peto’s book review summed up what The Complete Book of Locks andLocksmithing has been about since the first edition in 1976. Today, it’s the world’sbest-selling locksmithing book, and it is used often as a textbook in locksmithingschools and programs.I know what beginning locksmiths and seasoned professionals want from abook. My first exposure to locksmithing was through reading books. In thosedays, the books that were available didn’t provide much practical information, soI took a couple of locksmithing correspondence courses—which were virtuallyworthless. I ended up moving to New York City for about a year to study at theNational School of Locksmithing and Alarms. That was the best investment Iever made, because I learned a lot.A certified master locksmith, who was an avid writer of locksmithing articles,hired me right out of school. He taught me some things, but we never did getalong. We were both opinionated, and we often had toe-to-toe shouting matchesabout how things should be done. Therefore, we parted ways. I worked for another shop for a while, and then I started my own shop. I’ve been workingfor myself ever since.Over the years, I went on to write 13 security books and hundreds of articles. Mywork appeared in Consumers Digest (reviewed over 150 door locks, safes, and caralarms), Keynotes (the trade journal of the Associated Locksmiths of America), theLos Angeles Times, Locksmith Ledger International (was a contributing editor),The National Locksmith (am a contributing writer), Safe and Vault Technology(was a contributing editor), and many other periodicals. I also wrote the “Lock”article for the World Book Encyclopedia—the world’s most read print encyclopedia.I love to teach, and I love to learn. I’m constantly learning new things about locksmithing, which is why I felt the need to revise this book. This sixth edition continues the tradition of being heavily illustrated and providing lots of useful informationabout locks and locking devices. I updated every page and added four new chapters—including one on automotive lock servicing and one on lock picking and impressioning. I added information about selling safes and finding a job as a locksmith.This edition includes a new chapter on frequently asked questions (Chap. 24)with candid answers to lots of questions such as: Do I need to be licensed orxiCopyright 2005 by Bill Phillips. Click here for terms of use.
xiiPrefacecertified to work as a locksmith? What can I do if a customer refuses to pay me?How can I get started writing about locksmithing? What are the best locksmithing resources on the Internet? Are pick guns worth the money? Which arethe best trade journals? What keys are illegal to duplicate?I’ve also included a new Registered Professional Locksmith (RPL) test that youcan complete to earn a certificate. The certificate can help you to find work andwill allow you to enter restricted areas on the Internet. Also, four appendixes areincluded. The resources all have been updated with current addresses, Web sites,telephone numbers, and so on.If you have questions or comments about the book, contact me at Box 2044,Erie, PA 16512-2044, or e-mail me at LocksmithWriter@aol.com.AcknowledgmentsThis sixth edition of The Complete Book of Locks and Locksmithing is the resultof help from a lot of people, too many to mention each by name. I appreciateeveryone’s help. Special thanks go to Greg Mango, editor of The NationalLocksmith; Earl Halls, president of Adesco Safe Company in Paramount,California; Gordon Little, president of Gordon Safe and Lock, in Houston, Texas;Joe Esposito, of Liberty Lock & Safe in Las Vegas, Nevada; Peter Burns, inventor of “The Bolt” High Security Lock; Billy B. Edwards, CML (“TheLockMan”);Thomas F. Hennessy, curator of the Lock Museum of America; Alex Krai; BillMorrison; Alan T. Peto; Alice Petty; and Donald Streeter. Thanks also go to all thereaders of prior editions who shared their thoughts about the book with me.Their criticisms and suggestions were invaluable in making this edition.The following companies were especially helpful in providing technical information: A-l Security Manufacturing Corp., Abus Lock Co., Adams Rite ManufacturingCo., Alarm Lock Systems, Inc., Arrow Lock, Belwith International, Ltd., Black &Decker U.S. Power Tools Group, Dominion Lock Co., Folger Adam Co., FramonManufacturing Co., Inc., Gardall Safe Corp., Ilco Unican Corp., InternationalAssociation of Home Safety and Security Professionals, Keedex Manufacturing,Kryptonite Corporation, Kustom Key, Inc., Kwikset Corp., Lock Corporation ofAmerica, M. A. G. Engines & Manufacturing, Inc., Makita U.S.A., Inc., MasterLock Co., M. K. Morse Co., Medeco Security Locks, Milwaukee Electric Tool Corp.,Monarch Tool and Manufacturing Co., the National School of Locksmithing andAlarms, Porter Cable Corp., Presto-Matic Lock Co., R&D Tool Co., RofuInternational Corp., Schlage Lock Co., Securitech Group, Securitron, SecurityEngineering, Inc., Sentry Door Lock Guards, Sentry Group, Simplex AccessControls Co., Taylor Lock Co., Trine Consumer Products Division, Square “D” Co.,and Vaughan & Bushnell Manufacturing Co.I also appreciate the support I received from family and friends, including JanetL. Griffin, Merlynn Smith-Coles, and Jonathan Gavin for his help with photographs.Special thanks also go to Cary Sullivan and Carol Levine, my editors atMcGraw-Hill.Bill PhillipsCopyright 2005 by Bill Phillips. Click here for terms of use.
Chapter1A Short History of the LockThis chapter traces the development of the lock from earliest times to the present, focusing on the most important models. Every locksmith should be familiar with them because they form the building blocks for all other locks. Manyof the lock types and construction principles mentioned here are looked at inmore detail in later chapters. This is a quick overview to help you betterunderstand and appreciate the world of locks.Who Invented the Lock?The earliest locks may no longer be around, and there may be no writtenrecords of them. How likely it is for old locks to be found depends on the materials they were made from and on the climate and various geological conditions they have been subjected to over the years. There is evidence to suggestthat different civilizations probably developed the lock independently of
Keying 89 Security 89 Cam Locks 89 Reading Disc Tumbler Locks 90 Double-Bitted Disc Tumbler Locks 99 Chapter 7. Pin Tumbler Locks 103 Construction 103 Disassembly 108 . Master Key Systems 149 Masterkeying Warded Locks 150 Masterkeying Lever Tumbler locks 150 Materkeying Disc Tumbler lock
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Locksmithing, 6th edition. This is so much more than a "book" on locks and lock-smithing. It is an encyclopedia of locks and locksmithing. It is a reference manual from which anyone at any level of skill or experience can glean a wealth of infor-mation. It is an informative, well-studied, impeccably presented piece of work that
We cover what you REALLY need to know about mobile locksmithing Page 3 of 20 INTRODUCTION The UK Locksmiths Association Training Course is an intensive locksmithing course designed to give the maximum learning opportunities in the minimum time with minimum expense. The course is a hands-on learning style that covers all aspects of
Chính Văn.- Còn đức Thế tôn thì tuệ giác cực kỳ trong sạch 8: hiện hành bất nhị 9, đạt đến vô tướng 10, đứng vào chỗ đứng của các đức Thế tôn 11, thể hiện tính bình đẳng của các Ngài, đến chỗ không còn chướng ngại 12, giáo pháp không thể khuynh đảo, tâm thức không bị cản trở, cái được
