SC-300 REV-B 11-7-02 - Snap Circuits
SNAP CIRCUITSTMProjects 102-305Instruction ManualREV-BRevised 2002
ADDITIONAL PARTS LIST (Colors and styles may vary) Symbols and NumbersQty.-1-IDNameSymbolPart #311-Snap Wire6SC30001322-Snap Wire131Qty.IDNameSymbolPart #1C310µF Capacitor6SC300326SC300021C4100µF Capacitor6SC300333-Snap Wire6SC300031C5470µF Capacitor6SC3003444-Snap Wire6SC300041R21kΩ Resistor6SC30041177-Snap Wire6SC300071R35.1kΩ Resistor6SC300421B1Battery Holder - uses2 1.5V type AA (not Included)6SC300191R410kΩ Resistor6SC300431A1Antenna Coil6SC300251R5100kΩ Resistor6SC300441D2Green Light EmittingDiode (LED)6SC300261U5High FrequencyIntegrated Circuit6SC300451L26V Lamp Socket6V Bulb (6.2V, 0.5A)Type 425 or similar6SC300276SC30027B1Q1PNP Transistor6SC300511X1Microphone6SC300281Q2NPN Transistor6SC300521U4Power AmplifierIntegrated Circuit6SC300291RVAdjustable Resistor6SC300531C10.02µF Capacitor6SC300301CVVariable Capacitor6SC300541C20.1µF Capacitor6SC30031
HOW TO USE ITThe Electronic Snap Circuit Kit has 204 projects. They are simple to build andunderstand.The snap circuit kit uses building blocks with snaps to build the differentelectrical and electronic circuits in the projects. Each block has a function:there are switch blocks, lamp blocks, battery blocks, different length wireblocks, etc. These blocks are in different colors and have numbers on themso that you can easily identify them. The circuit you will build is shown in colorand numbers, identifying the blocks that you will use and snap together toform a circuit.For Example:This is the switch block which is green and has the marking S1 on it.OFFONThis is a wire block which is blue and comes in different wire lengths.This one has the number 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , or 7 on it depending on thelength of the wire connection required.There is also a 1-snap wire that is used as a spacer or for interconnectionbetween different layers.To build each circuit, you will have two (2) power source blocks marked B1that need two (2) “AA” batteries each (not included with the snap circuit kit).A large clear plastic base grid is included with this kit to help keep the circuitblock together. You will see evenly spaced posts that the different blocks snapinto. You do not need this base to build your circuits, but it does help inkeeping your circuit together neatly. The base has rows labeled A-G andcolumns labeled 1-10.Some circuits use the jumper wires to make unusual connections. Just clipthem to the metal snaps or as indicated.Note: While building the projects, be careful not to accidentally make a directconnection across the battery holder (a “short circuit”), as this will damageand/or quickly drain the batteries.Creating Your Own CircuitsAfter building the circuits given in this booklet, you may wish to experiment onyour own. Use the projects in this booklet as a guide, as many importantdesign concepts are introduced throughout them. Every circuit will include apower source (the batteries), a resistance (which might be a resistor, lamp,motor, integrated circuit, etc.), and wiring paths between them and back. Youmust be careful not to create "short circuits" (very low-resistance paths acrossthe batteries) as this will damage components and/or quickly drain yourbatteries. Only connect the ICs using configurations given in the projects,incorrectly doing so may damage them. Elenco Electronics is notresponsible for parts damaged due to incorrect wiring.For all of the projects given in this book, the parts may be arranged in differentways without changing the circuit. For example, the order of parts connectedin series or in parallel does not matter — what matters is how combinationsof these sub-circuits are arranged together.You are encouraged to tell us about new circuits you create. Upon review, wewill post them with your name, age, and hometown in a special section on ourwebsite.TroubleshootingMost circuit problems are due to incorrect assembly, always double-check thatyour circuit exactly matches the drawing for it. Be sure that parts withpositive/negative markings are positioned as per the drawing. Sometimes thelight bulbs come loose, tighten them as needed. Try replacing the batteries.Next to each part in every circuit drawing is a small number in black. This tellsyou which level the component is placed at. Place all parts on level 1 first,then all of the parts on level 2, then all of the parts on level 3, etc.The 2.5V bulb comes packaged separate from its socket. Install the bulb inthe lamp socket L1 whenever that part is used. Do the same for the 6V bulband socket L2 .Place the fan on the motor M1 whenever that part is used, unless the projectyou are building says not to use it.-2-
PROJECT LISTINGSProject 135-3-DescriptionPage #Batteries in Series5Batteries in Parallel5Spacey Fan6Two-Transistor Light Alarm6Light-Controlled Alarm6Automatic Street Lamp7Voice-Controlled Rays of Light7Blowing Off the Electric Light7Adjustable Tone Generator8Photosensitive Electronic Organ 8Electronic Cicada8Light & Sounds9More Light & Sounds9More Light & Sounds (II)9More Light & Sounds (III)9More Light & Sounds (IV)9Motor Speed Detector10Old-Style Typewriter10Space War Sounds11Space War Sounds Controlled by Light 11Space War Radio12The Lie Detector12NPN Amplifier13PNP Amplifier13Sucking Fan14Blowing Fan14PNP Collector14PNP Emitter14NPN Collector15NPN Emitter15NPN Collector - Motor15NPN Emitter - Motor15Buzzing in the Dark16Touch Buzzer16Project 169DescriptionPage #16High Frequency Touch BuzzerHigh Frequency Water Buzzer16Mosquito16High Sensitivity Voice Doorbell 17Louder Doorbell17Very Loud Doorbell17Doorbell with Button17Darkness Announcer17Musical Motion Detector17Radio Music Alarm18Daylight Music Radio18Night Music Radio18Night Gun Radio18Radio Gun Alarm18Daylight Gun Radio18Blow Off a Space War19Series Lamps19Parallel Lamps19Fire Fan Symphony20Fire Fan Symphony (II)20Fan Symphony20Fan Symphony (II)20Police Car Symphony21Police Car Symphony (II)21Ambulance Symphony21Ambulance Symphony (II)21Static Symphony22Static Symphony (II)22High-Power Symphony22High-Power Symphony (II)22Water Detector23Salt Water Detector23NPN Light Control24NPN Dark Control24Project 203DescriptionPage #PNP Light Control24PNP Dark Control24Red & Green25Current Limiters25Current Equalizing25Battery Polarity Tester25Blow Off a Doorbell26Blow Off a Candle26Blow On a Doorbell26Blow On a Candle26Screaming Fan27Whining Fan27Light Whining27More Light Whining27Motor Than Won’t Start27Whiner28Lower Pitch Whiner28Hummer28Adjustable Metronome28Quiet Flasher28Hissing Foghorn29Hissing & Clicking29Video Game Engine Sound29Light Alarm30Brighter Light Alarm30Lazy Fan30Laser Light30Water Alarm31Drawing Resistors31Pitch32Pitch (II)32Pitch (III)32Flooding Alarm32Make Your Own Battery33
PROJECT LISTINGSProject 237DescriptionPage #Make Your Own Battery (II)33Make Your Own Battery (III)33Tone Generator34Tone Generator (II)34Tone Generator (III)34Tone Generator (IV)34More Tone Generator35More Tone Generator (II)35More Tone Generator (III)35Music Radio Station36Alarm Radio Station36Saved Electricity36Motor & Lamp by Sound37Fading Siren37Fast Fade Siren37Laser Gun with Limited Shots38Symphony of Sounds38Symphony of Sounds (II)38Transistor Amplifiers39Pressure Meter39Resistance Meter39Auto-Off Night-Light40Discharging Caps40Changing Delay Time40Morse Code Generator41LED Code Teacher41Ghost Shriek Machine41LED & Speaker41Dog Whistle41Electronic Golf Game42Enhanced Quiet Zone Game43Capacitor Charge & Discharge 43Sound Wave Magic44Space War Amplifier44Project 271DescriptionPage #Trombone45Race Car Engine45Power Amp46Electronic Kazoo46AM Radio47Fire Engine Symphony48Fire Engine Symphony (II)48Vibration or Sound Indicator48Two-Finger Touch Lamp49One-Finger Touch Lamp49Space Battle50Space Battle (II)50Multi-Speed Light Fan50Light & Finger Light50Storing Electricity51Lamp Brightness Control51Electric Fan51Radio Music Burglar Alarm52Light Dimmer52Motion Detector53Fan Modulator53Oscillator 0.5 - 30Hz54Sound Pulse Oscillator54Motion Detector (II)54Motor Rotation55Motor Delay Fan55Motor Delay Fan (II)55High Pitch Bell56Steamboat Whistle56Steamship56Steamship Horn56Noise-Activated Burglar Alarm 57Motor-Activated Burglar Alarm 57Light-Activated Burglar Alarm57Project 305DescriptionPage #Optocoupler with LED58Optocoupler with Speaker58Pressure Alarm59Power Microphone59LED Fan Rotation Indicator60Space War Sounds with LED60Sound Mixer61Sound Mixer Fan Driver61Electric Fan Stopped by Light62Motor & Lamp62Start-Stop Delay63Mail Notifying System63Mail Notifying Electronic Bell64Mail Notifying Electronic Fan64Twice-Amplified Oscillator64Quick Flicking LED64AM Radio with Transistors65AM Radio (II)65Music Amplifier66Delayed Action Lamp66Delayed Action Fan66Police Siren Amplifier67Lasting Doorbell67Lasting Clicking67Leaky Capacitor68Transistor Fading Siren68Fading Doorbell68Blowing Space War Sounds69Adjustable Time Delay Lamp69Adjustable Time Delay Fan69Adjustable Time Delay Lamp (II) 70Adjustable Time Delay Fan (II) 70Watch Light70Delayed Bedside Fan70-4-
Project #102Batteries in SeriesOBJECTIVE: To show the increase in voltage whenWhen you close the slide switch (S1), current flows from the batteriesthrough the slide switch (S1), the 1kΩ resistor (R1), the LED (D1),through the LED (D2), and back to the second group of batteries (B1).Notice how both LEDs are lit. The voltage is high enough to turn onboth LEDs when the batteries are connected in series. If only one setof batteries is used, the LEDs will not light up.Some devices use only one 1.5 volt battery, but they make hundredsof volts electronically from this small source. A flash camera is anexample of this.Project #103Batteries in ParallelOBJECTIVE: To show how batteries in parallel areBuild the circuit shown on the left by placing all of the parts with a black1 next to them on the board first. Then, assemble the parts marked witha 2 (including the 1-snap wire at base grid location C5). Finally, place a2-snap wire at grid location C4, leaving the other end of it unconnected asshown.The light should be on and the brightness of the lamp will depend on thequality of the batteries in the holder on the left. Put weak batteries in theleft holder and strong batteries in the right holder. Snap in the loose endof the 2-snap wire to grid point C5. Now the lamp will get brighter as thefresh batteries take over and supply the current to the light.Batteries are placed in parallel when the voltage is adequate but the loadneeds more current than one group of batteries can supply. Think of eachbattery as a storage tank that supplies water. If you put two in parallel, youcan get more water (current), but the pressure (voltage) stays the same.-5-
Project #104 Spacey FanOBJECTIVE: To build a fan with space war sounds thatPlace the fan onto the motor.Space war sounds are heard iflightshinesonthephotosensitive resistor OR if youpress the press switch (S2), thefan may start to spin, but will onlyget to high speed if you doBOTH. Try various combinationsof shining light and holding downthe press switch.Project #106Project #105Two-Transistor Light AlarmThis light alarm circuit uses two(2) transistors and both sets ofbatteries. Build the circuit withthe jumper connected as shown,and turn it on. Nothing happens.Break the jumper connectionand the light turns on. You couldreplace the jumper with a longerwire and run it across a doorwayto signal an alarm whensomeone enters.Light-Controlled AlarmOBJECTIVE: To show how light is used to turn anThe alarm will sound, as long as light is present. Slowly cover thephotosensitive resistor (RP), and the volume goes down. If you turnoff the lights, the alarm will stop. The amount of light changes theresistance of the photosensitive resistor (less light means moreresistance). The photosensitive resistor and transistor (Q2) act like adimmer switch, adjusting the voltage applied to the alarm.This type of circuit is used in alarm systems to detect light. If anintruder turned on a light or hit the sensor with a flashlight beam, thealarm would trigger and probably force the intruder to leave.-6-
Project #107Automatic Street LampOBJECTIVE: To show how light is used to control aPress the press switch (S2) on and set the adjustable resistor (RV) sothe lamp just lights. Slowly cover the photosensitive resistor (RP) andthe lamp brightens. If you place more light at the photosensitiveresistor the light dims.This is an automatic street lamp that you can turn on by a certaindarkness and turn off by a certain brightness. This type of circuit isinstalled on many outside lights and forces them to turn off and saveelectricity. They also come on when needed for safety.Project #108Project #109Voice-Controlled Rays of Light Blowing Off the Electric LightTurn the slide switch(S1) on. There will beonly a weak lightemitting from the greenLED. By blowing onthe mic (X1) or puttingit near a radio or TVset, the green LED willemit light, and itsbrightness changes asthe loudness changes.-7-Install the parts. Thelamp (L1) will be on. Itwill be off as long asyou blow on the mic(X1). Speaking loudinto the mic willchange the brightnessof the lamp.
Project #110Adjustable Tone GeneratorOBJECTIVE: To show how resistor values change theTurn on the slide switch (S1), the speaker (SP) will sound and the LED(D2) will light. Adjust the resistor (RV) to make different tones. In anoscillator circuit, changing the values of resistors or capacitors canvary the output tone or pitch.Project #111Photosensitive Electronic OrganOBJECTIVE: To show how resistor values change theUse the circuit from Project 110 shown above. Replace the 100kΩ (R5)with the photosensitive resistor (RP). Turn on the slide switch (S1). Thespeaker (SP) will sound and the LED (D2) will light. Move your hand upand down over the photosensitive resistor (RP) and the frequencychanges. Decreasing the light on the photosensitive resistor increasesthe resistance and causes the circuit to oscillate at a lower frequency.Notice that the LED flashes also at the same frequency as the sound.By using your finger, see if you can vary the sounds enough to make thiscircuit sound like an organ playing.Project #112Electronic CicadaOBJECTIVE:To show how capacitors in parallelUse the circuit from Project 110 shown above, replace thephotosensitive resistor (RP) back to the 100kΩ (R5) resistor. Place the0.02µF (C1) on top of the whistle chip (WC). Place the slide switch (S1)on and adjust the resistor (RV). The circuit produces the sound of thecicada insect. By placing the 0.02µF on top of the whistle chip, thecircuit oscillates at a lower frequency. Notice that the LED flashes alsoat the same frequency.It is possible to pick resistors and capacitors that will make the pitchhigher than humans can hear. Many animals, however, can hear thesetones. For example, a parakeet can hear tones up to 50,000 cycles persecond, but a human can only hear to 20,000.-8-
Project #113Light & SoundsTurn on the slide switch (S1). A police siren is heard and the lamplights.Project #114 Project #115 Project #116 Project #117More Light & More Light & More Light & More Light &SoundsSounds (II)Sounds (III)Sounds (IV)OBJECTIVE: To show a OBJECTIVE: To show avariation of the circuit in variation of the circuit inModify the last circuit byconnecting points X and Y. Thecircuit works the same way butnow it sounds like a machinegun.-9-Now remove the connectionbetween X and Y and then makea connection between T and U.Now it sounds like a fire engine.OBJECTIVE: To show a OBJECTIVE: To show avariation of the circuit in variation of the circuit inNow remove the connectionbetween T and U and then makea connection between U and Z.Now it sounds like an ambulance.Now remove the connectionsbetween U and Z and between Vand W, then make a connectionbetween T and U. Now it soundslike a water faucet.
Project #118Motor Speed DetectorOBJECTIVE: To show how to make electricity in oneWhen building the circuit, be sure to position the motor with thepositive ( ) side snapped to the 470µF capacitor (C5). Turn on theslide switch (S1), nothing will happen. It is a motor speed detector,and the motor isn't moving. Watch the LED (D2) and give the motor agood spin CLOCKWISE with your fingers (don't use the fan blade); youshould see a flash of light. The faster you spin the motor, the brighterthe flash will be. As a game, see who can make the brightest flash.Now try spinning the motor in the opposite direction (counterclockwise) and see how bright the flash is — it won't flash at allbecause the electricity it produces, flows in the wrong direction andwon't activate the diode. Flip the motor around (positive ( ) sidesnapped to the 3-snap wire) and try again. Now the diode lights onlyif you spin the motor counter-clockwise.Project #119Old-Style TypewriterTurn on the slide switch (S1), nothing will happen. Turn the motorslowly with your fingers (don’t use the fan blade), you will hear aclicking that sounds like an old-time manual typewriter keystrokes.Spin the motor faster and the clicking speeds up accordingly.This circuit works the same if you spin the motor in either direction(unlike the Motor Speed Detector project).By spinning the motor with your fingers, the physical effort you exert isconverted into electricity. In electric power plants, steam is used tospin large motors like this, and the electricity produced is used to runeverything in your town.-10-
Project #120Space War SoundsOBJECTIVE: To build a circuit that produces multipleSet the slide switch (S1) to the OFF position. Press the press switch(S2) down and a space sound will be played. If you hold the pressswitch down the sound repeats. Press the press switch again and adifferent sound is played. Keep pressing the press switch to hear allthe different sounds.Next, set the slide switch (S1) to ON position. One of the sounds willbe played continuously. Turn the switch off and then back on. Adifferent sound is played. Keep pressing the press switch to hear allthe different combinations of sounds.The space war integrated circuit has “logic” built into its circuitry thatallows it to switch between many different sounds.Project #121Space War Sounds Controlled By LightOBJECTIVE: To change the sounds of a multiple spaceModify the preceding circuit to look like the one shown on the left.The space war IC (U3) will play a sound continuously. Block the lightfrom the photosensitive resistor (RP) with your hand. The sound willstop. Remove your hand and a different sound is played. Wave yourhand over the photosensitive resistor to hear all the different sounds.Press the press switch down and now two space war sounds areplayed. If you hold the press switch down the sound repeats. Pressthe press switch again and a different sound is played. Keep pressingthe press switch to hear all the different combinations of sounds.-11-
Project #122Space War RadioOBJECTIVE: To transmit Space War sounds to a AMPlace the circuit next to an AM radio. Tune the radio so no stations areheard and turn on the slide switch (S1). You should hear the space warsounds on the radio. The red LED should also be lit. Adjust thevariable capacitor (CV) for the loudest signal.You have just performed the experiment that took Marconi (whoinvented the radio) a lifetime to invent. The technology of radiotransmission has expanded to the point
300 Adjustable Time Delay Lamp 69 301 Adjustable Time Delay Fan 69 302 Adjustable Time Delay Lamp (II) 70 303 Adjustable Time Delay Fan (II) 70 304 Watch Light 70 305 Delayed Bedside Fan 70-5-Pro
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