Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Suppression Design Guide
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)Suppression Design Guide
ESDElectrostatic Discharge(ESD) SuppressionDesign GuideElectrostatic Discharge (ESD) is an electrical transient that poses a serious threat to electroniccircuits. The most common cause is friction between two dissimilar materials, causing abuildup of electric charges on their surfaces. Typically, one of the surfaces is the human body,and it is not uncommon for this static charge to reach a potential as high as 15,000 volts. At6,000 static volts, an ESD event will be painful to a person. Lower voltage discharges may gounnoticed, but can still cause catastrophic damage to electronic components and circuits.ABOUT THIS GUIDEChoosing the most appropriate suppressor technology requires a balance between equipmentprotection needs and operating requirements, taking into account the anticipated threat level. Inaddition to the electrical characteristics of suppression devices, the form factor/package stylemust also be considered. This guide is designed to summarize some of the comprehensive ESDsolutions that Littelfuse offers, and help designers narrow to technologies appropriate to theirend application:Table of ContentsPageESD Suppression Technologies2ESD Damage, Suppression Requirements and Considerations3ESD Data Protocol, Application and Product Selection4Port Protection Examples5-10ESD Suppressor Product Selection Guide Polymer ESD Suppressors Multilayer Varistors (MLVs) TVS Diode Arrays ( SPA Diodes)11-17Legal Disclaimers18 2016 Littelfuse, Inc.Specifications descriptions and illustrative material in this literature are as accurate as known at the time of publication,but are subject to changes without notice. Visit littelfuse.com for more information.
ESD Suppresion Design GuideESD Suppression TechnologiesProtectionTechnologyMultilayer Varistor(MLVs)Data RateSpanPeak/Clamp(8kV)ESD LevelDiscreteOptionsArrayOptionsApplications 06Keypad/switch,audio, analog video,USB1.1, RS232Lowest cost;broad discrete P 8MSOP 10µDFNTDFNKeypad/switch,USB1.1, USB2.0, USB3.0,USB3.1 Type C,audio, analog video,FireWire 1394,HDMI, Ethernet,MMC interface,LCD module.RS232, RS485,CAN, LINLowest peak andclamp voltagesSOT23USB2.0, FireWire 1394,HDMI/USB3.0, RF antennaLowest capacitance 125MbpsTVS Diode Arrays(SPA Diodes)0 - 5GbpsExcellentExcellent0805 (SOD323)0402 (SOD882,SOD-883,SOD723)0201 (Flipchip,µDFN-2)01005 (Flipchip),1103-DFN,0802-DFNPULSE-GUARD ESD Suppressors100Mbps - 5GbpsGoodGood020104020603When to Choose PULSE-GUARD ESD Suppressors The application tolerates very little added capacitance (high speed data lines or RF circuits)ESD is the only transient threatProtection is required on data, signal, and control lines (not power supply lines)When to Choose TVS Diode Arrays (SPA Diodes) The device being protected requires the lowest possible clamp voltage, low capacitance (0.1pF-400pF) and low leakage(0.01µA – 10µA) Board space is at a premium and space-savings multi-line protection is neededTransients other than ESD, such as EFT or lightning, must also be consideredWhen to Choose Multilayer Varistors (MLVs) Surge currents or energy beyond ESD is expected in the application (EFT, lightning)Added capacitance is desirable for EMI filtering (3pF – 6000pF)Power supply line or low/medium speed data and signal lines are to be protectedThe operating voltage is above silicon or PULSE-GUARD ESD suppressor ratings 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design Guide2www.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuideESD Damage, Suppression Requirements and ConsiderationsESD DamageFigure 1. ESD Test WaveformESD is characterized by fast rise times and high peakvoltages and currents up to 30 amps (per IEC 610004-2, level 4), which can melt silicon and conductortraces. However, ESD effects can be more subtle. Thethree types of damage are:Current (I) %10090%1. Soft FailuresElectrical currents due to ESD can change the state ofinternal logic, causing a system to latch up or behaveunpredictably, or cause corruption of a data stream. Whilethis is temporary, it may slow down communications, orrequire a system reboot in the case of lockup.I6030ns60nstr 0.7 to 1.0ns2. Latent DefectsA component or circuit may be damaged by ESD and itsfunction degraded though the system will continue towork. However, this type of defect often progresses to apremature failure.ESD Suppression and Circuit Design Considerations3. Catastrophic FailuresOf course, ESD can damage a component to the pointwhere it does not function as intended, or doesn’t work atall.Proper use of ESD circuit protection helps prevent thesefailures. Still, selection of a suppression device mustrecognize that ESD has very short rise and fall times—less than one nanosecond (1ns) in most cases. TheInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) hasdeveloped a specification (IEC 61000-4-2) for ESD testingthat helps determine if products are susceptible to ESDevents.ESD Suppression RequirementsThe likelihood of electronic circuit damage is increasing asintegrated circuit (IC) dimensions are shrinking to nanometer sizes. Most ICs operate at low voltages and havestructures and conductive paths that cannot survive thehigh currents and voltages associated with ESD transients.Littelfuse device engineers use specifications like theseto design ESD suppressors with the speed, clampingvoltage, and residual current levels that will protect today’ssensitive semiconductors and electronic circuitry. Many ofthese designs have the low internal capacitance neededfor high bandwidth communications.Another significant trend is the migration to higher frequency communication devices to transmit more information in less time. This means that ESD solutions mustnot compromise stringent signal integrity requirements atthe higher data rates. Therefore, ESD suppressors musthave low internal capacitance so that data communicationsignals are not distorted.When selecting ESD suppressors, circuit designers needto consider potential coupling paths that would allowESD to enter their equipment and circuits. These weakpoints identify areas that should be considered for ESDsuppressor installation. Ultimately, designers need toselect ESD suppressors with characteristics appropriatefor their type of equipment, the component sensitivity, andthe environment where it will be used.IC designers add a limited amount of ESD suppressionto their chips to help avoid damage during manufacturingand assembly processes. However, the level of protection that is added may not be sufficient to protect ICsand other semiconductor devices from ESD during actualusage. Many electronic products, especially portable ones,are used in uncontrolled environments. Portable devicescan experience a charge buildup as they are carried byusers on their person or in a purse. This energy can thenbe discharged to another device as the two are connected,usually when a user touches I/O pins on a cable connector. Therefore, end product designers should consideradding ESD suppressors to their circuits. 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design GuideI30A robust web-based tool to help circuit designersidentify the optimal electronic fuses for their products.Littelfuse iDesignTM Online Fuse Design and Selection Tool3www.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuideData Protocol, Application and Product SelectionThe chart below shows the relationship between Data The chart below shows the relationship between Data Rates(Protocol), Applications, and Littelfuse ESD suppression products.The top of the chart shows the standard data protocols, associated data rates, and example end applications that mayuse the protocols, while the body of the chart shows the applicable Littelfuse ESD suppressors for the various data rates,protocols and applications.The characteristic of concern here is capacitance. High capacitance suppression devices will tend to add signal distortion assignal frequencies increase; low capacitance devices will maintain signal integrity at high data rates.Note that an application may use several different data protocols and could use as many different ESD suppressorproducts. For example, a laptop computer could have RS232, USB 2.0, video, and PS2 mouse ports, as well as others.The RS232 and mouse ports use relatively slow data rates and could use any Littelfuse suppressor (although highercapacitance multi-layer or silicon parts are preferred for EMI filtering capabilities). The appropriate protector for the videoport would depend on the data rate, and since the USB 2.0 port requires an extremely low capacitance suppression device,PULSE-GUARD ESD Suppressor or TVS Diode Array (SPA Diodes) devices should be considered.Littlelfuse MLV device can be connected near the I/O port to clamp the ESD or surge event with SMD package and widecapacitance range to as low as 3pF, MLV is widely used from Audio, control, as well as dataline communication such asUSB2.0If you require further assistance in selecting the appropriate Littelfuse ESD suppressor for your specific circuit, pleasecontact your local Littelfuse products representative.PRODUCT SERIES AND APPLICABLE DATA RATES AND PROTOCOLSData IEEE 1284USB 1.1CAN/LIN25125RS48510/100 EthernetVideo320400480800USB 2.0IEEE1394bIEEE 1394aLCDs3,0005,000SATAHDMI/USB3.01Gb EthernetSP05, SMxx SDxx,SDxxC, SM24CANx,MLA, MLA Automotive, MLNSP1001, SP1003, SP1005,SP1006, SP1010, SP1011, SPHVxx, MLESP1002, SPHVxx-C, SM712SP1004, SP1007, SP1012SLVU2.8, SLVU2.8-4,SP03-x,LC03-3.3, SRDA3.3, SRDA05SP720 thru SP725SP2502L, SP2504N, SP2574N, SP3304N,SP3051,SP4020, SP4021, SP4060, SP4065, SRV05-4MHSSP3001.SP3002, SP3003,SP3004SP3006, SP3014, SP3031SP0524P, SP3010, SP3011SP3012, SP3021, erial Port (com)MicrophoneKeyboardAudio HeadsetMouseDC Power Bus Set - Top Box (com)KeypadVCRButtonsVideo In/OutParallel Port(LPT)PrinterScannerCoputer InputNetwork Hardwareand Periperal Control System PCI AdapterDevicesHubRouterPDA / PMP /WebswitchCell Phone/Cable/xDSL modemDigital Camera/ &Game Controller PortsPC Accessories Set Top BoxDigital Still CameraDVDScannerDigital Video Recorder and PeripheralsDigital Video Recorderwith Serial DataPVRPrinterHardDiskDriveHard Disk DriveInterfaces HDTV MonitorVideo Editing System Hard Disk Drive Video Editing SystemLCDTVHubScannerScannerLCD ProjectorDesktop / LaptopDesktop / LaptopDesktopWebpadLaptopInternet ApplianceTFT DisplayThe information above is intended to help circuit designers determine which Littelfuse ESD suppressors are applicable forgiven data protocols and data rates. Other key characteristics such as clamping voltage, leakage current, number of lines ofprotection and ESD capabilities need to be considered, especially where there are overlaps in the recommended LittelfuseESD suppressor line (ex. IEEE 1284 and Ethernet). This information is detailed on the following pages.At the upper data rate bounds of the products included above, the capacitances of the suppression device and the circuitboard need to be taken into account in order to maintain the signal integrity of the overall system. 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design Guide4www.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuidePort Protection ExamplesBROADBAND NETWORK PORT PROTECTIONThe following are examples of the implementation of ESD and lightning suppression for Ethernet ports (RJ-45connectors). Note that the diagrams shown below represent 10Mbps and 100Mbps applications -- For 1Gbpsapplications, the circuit protection should be double of what is shown. For additional design examples, guidanceand application assistance, please contact Littelfuse.Inter-Building - Robust Lightning ProtectionIntra-Building - Robust Lightning ProtectionThe diagram show below is typical for outdoor network line andequipment applications. The SIDACtor and TVS Diode Arraycombination is rated up to 500A, per the GR-1089 standard.The diagram show below is typical for indoor network line andequipment applications. The TVS Diode Array device combination israted up to 100A, per the GR-1089 onnectorVF2V F1J1TX EthernetPHYLC03-3.3TX TX-F2F3VF4J8SEP0xxOutside WorldOutside WorldTXSP3304NV PHYGroundRX RX-F3LC03-3.3RX F4RXJ8F1-F4 461SeriesTelelink FusesCaseNotes:Ground- Devices shown as transparent for actual footprintF1-F4 461SeriesTelelink FusesCaseGroundSRV05-4PHY GroundNotes:- Devices shown as transparent for actual footprint- LC03-3.3 pins 2, 3, 6, 7 are Not ConnectedBasic Lightning ProtectionBasic ESD ProtectionThe diagram shown below is typical for basic lightning (differentialonly) of indoor/outdoor network line and equipment applications(Example: office environment equipment).The diagram shown below is typical for basic ESD protection ofindoor network line and equipment applications (Examples: homeoffice / consumer electronics peripheral hernetPHYEthernetPHYJ1TX TX TXOutside WorldOutside WorldTX-RX RX-J8RX RX-J8NCCaseGroundCaseGround* Devices shown as transparent for actual footprint 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design Guide5SP0504SHTGwww.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuidePort Protection Examples (continued)PERIPHERAL / STORAGE DATA PORT PROTECTIONThe following are examples of ESD suppression for high speed data ports such as USB and eSATA.For additional design examples, guidance and application assistance, please contact Littelfuse.USB 1.1 port ESD protectionData speeds up to 12 MbpsUSBPortV5.5MLA0603USB 1.1Controller0805L110SLVBUSVBUSD D D-D-Outside WorldOutside World1206L075USBPortUSB 1.1ControllerSP0502SP1003(2) oundNote:The SP0503BAHTG could be used if it's preferredto have all 3 channels in 1 package.USB 2.0 port ESD protectionData speeds up to 480 MbpsUSBPortUSB 2.0Controller1206L075VBUSD D D-D-SP1003SP3014-02SignalGround(2x) PGB1010603CaseGroundCaseGround 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design GuideV5.5MLA0603USB 2.0ControllerVBUSOutside WorldOutside m
ESD Suppresion Design GuidePort Protection Examples (continued)USB 3.0 port ESD protectionData speeds up to 5 GbpsUSBPortUSBPortUSB 3.0ControllerUSBController0603L150SL1206L150VBUSD DSP3003-02NCSSTX SSTXGroundSP3012-04SP1003Outside WorldOutside WorldOptionalSSTX SSTXSSRX SSRXGroundD D-SP3012-06SSRX SSRXSignalGroundCaseGroundSignalGroundCaseGround* Package is shown as transparent* Package is shown as transparentUSB 3.1 type C ESD ProtectionApplication Schematic:A RowB Row*Packages shown as transparentSSTXp1SuperSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSuperSpeed Lines rSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSuperSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSPHVxxVBUSPower 5V-20V, 2-5 AMPCC1Config Control PoweredUSBSP1003 or SP1006SBU2Sideband 2 DisplayPort EnableDp1USB2.0 , But BidirectionalNo PinSP3022Dn1SBU1USB2.0 , But BidirectionalNo PinSideband 1 DisplayPort EnableSP1003 or SP1006Config Control PoweredUSBCC2VBUSSSRXn1Power 5V-20V, 2-5 AMPSPHVxxVBUSSuperSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSuperSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSSTXn2RF3077-000SSRXp1SuperSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSuperSpeed Lines UnidirectionalSSTXp2eSATA port protection1394a/b Firewire port ESD protectionData speeds up to 3 GbpsData speeds up to 800 P3003-04GroundTPBTPB Outside WorldOutside WorldTX TXSP3003-02GroundRXRX SP3003-02TPATPA GroundsTPA Shield GroundGround1812L110/33V33MLA1206NCPowerGround* Package is shown as transparentCaseGroundCaseGroundDevices shown as transparent for actual footprint. 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design Guide7GroundsTPB Shield Groundwww.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuidePort Protection Examples (continued)ENTERTAINMENT ELECTRONICS PORT PROTECTIONThe following are examples of ESD suppression for ports common to entertainment electronics.For additional design examples, guidance and application assistance, please contact Littelfuse.Analog audio (Speaker/Microphone) port ESD htRightOutside WorldOutside WorldAudioPortSP1002-02(2x) SP1005-01CaseGroundCaseGroundAnalog video port ESD positeOutside -01CaseGroundCaseGround 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design GuideVideoADCOutside WorldVideoPort8www.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuidePort Protection Examples (continued)High Definition Multimedia Inteface (HDMI) port ESD protectionData speeds up to 3.4 Gbps per pairHDMIPortHDMI Transmitteror ReceiverHDMIPortD2 GroundD2-SP3012-04D1 D1-GroundOutside WorldOutside WorldD2 D2D1 D1D0 D0CLK CLK-HDMIChipsetD0 GroundD0-SP3012-04CLK Ground(8x) eGroundSignal GroundKeypad / push button ESD Outside tside World1GHICLK-* Package is shown as transparentSP1001-04(4x) SP1006-01CaseGround 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design GuideCaseGround9www.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuidePort Protection Examples 0CancelAUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS PORT PROTECTIONThe following are examples of ESD suppression for automotive electronics. For additional design examples,guidance and application assistance, please contact Littelfuse.Automotive AEC-Q101 qualified ESD protectionLIN BUS protectionBATCAN BUS protectionLINSPLITCANHC MASTER/SLAVELINTransceiverR T/2CAN BUSTransceiverLIN modeConnectorCANBUSR T/2SD24C-01FTGCANLCommonMode Choke(optional)GNDCGSM24CANA-02HTG (200W)SM24CANB-02HTG (500W)14GHI72ABC5JKL83RF Antenna protectionDEF6MNO9PQRSTUVWXYZCall0CancelThe following are examples of ESD suppression for RF antenna. For additional design examples,guidance and application assistance, please contact Littelfuse.AntennaElementRF AmplifierModuleAntennaElementRF AmplifierModulePGB1010603ShieldGround 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design GuideRFOutside WorldOutside roundwww.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design GuideESD Suppressor Product Selection GuidePolymer ESD SuppressorsMultilayer Varistors (MLVs)MLN seriesMLA, MLE, MHS seriesPolymer ESDPolymer ESDSuppressorSuppressorXtreme-Guard Pulse-Guard ESD Suppressors ESD SuppressorsMultilayer Varistors (MLVs)Surface MountSurface untSurfaceMountPGB1, PGB2XGD1MLAMLAAutomotiveMLEMHSMLNTechnology TypeVoltage VariableMaterialVoltage VariableMaterialMLVZnOMLVMLVZnOMLVZnOMLVZnOWorking Voltage0–24VDC0 - 32VDC0–120VDCrange bytypeZnO0–18VDC0–42VDC0–18VDCArray Package(No. of Lines)SOT23 (2)NANA0 - 42VDCNANA1206 (4)0201, 0402, 06030402, 06030402–1210NA0402–12060402, 0603NA0.04-0.12pF0.04 - 0.09 pF40–6000pF0603 - 121040–1700pF3–22pF45-430pF 1nA typ 1 nA Typ 25µA typ90 - 7500 pF 25µA max 25µA typ 25µA maxRated Immunity toIEC 61000-4-2 level 4YesYesYes 25 uA TypYesYesYesAlso Rated for EFTor tsof either polarity)YesYesYesYesYesYesYesPerforms Low esNoNoNoRoHS esAEC-Q Qualified(Automotive Grade )NoNoNoYesNoNoNoMounting OptionsSeries NameSingle Line PackageTypical DeviceCapacitanceLeakage CurrentPlease refer to this table and the next few pages in selecting the ESD suppressors that may best serve the circuit requirements.Detailed data sheets can be downloaded from our web site www.littelfuse.comTerms:EFT: Electrical Fast TransientTVS: Transient Voltage Suppressor 2016 Littelfuse ESD Suppression Design Guide11www.littelfuse.com
ESD Suppresion Design Gu
voltages and currents up to 30 amps (per IEC 61000-4-2, level 4), which can melt silicon and conductor traces. However, ESD effects can be more subtle. The three types of damage are: 1. Soft Failures Electrical currents due to ESD can change the state of internal logic, causing a system to latch up or behave
An Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) safe work area and proper ESD handling procedures (that conform to ANSI/ESD S20.20 -1999 or ANSI/ ESD S20.20-2007) are mandatory to avoid ESD damage when handling subassemblies or components found in the MS2717A. Additional information pertaining to ESD can be found at the ESD Association Web site:
IEC 61000-4-2 ESD Ed.2.0 2008 Immunity to the discharge of electrostatic electricity CONDUCTED RF EQUIPMENT POWER AMPLIFIERS Accelonix EMC workshop 17-9-2019. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) ESD is the most common EMC test performed. ESD is a good starting point. .
1 IEC 61000-4-2 System ESD Immunity 1.1 IEC61000-4-2 Overview The IEC 61000-4-2 standard covers system level ESD immunity. Electrostatic Discharge can be very harmful to a system and even a small amount of voltage can damage components. Most systems require some sort of IEC ESD protection, as any user accessible areas can be subjected to ESD .
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD): Proper handling of ESD, plays an important role in protecting devices from electro static damages, reduces the losses and increase productivity. Our ESD Safe Furniture meets to ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 Revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 ESD Association Standard, NY USA. - Size requirement - Load bearing capacity (UDL)
ESD design documents so that product ESD design is addressed properly from the beginning. 3.2.1 ESD Design Checker The layout and circuit connections of an IC product are very complex and can lead to numerous unexpected errors even for simple ESD
ANSI/ESD STM97.2 100 volts ESD TR53 Footwear Section 1.0 x 109 ohms S20.20 -2007 TABLE 3. EPA ESD Control Items Technical Requirement ESD Control Item Product Qualification1 Compliance Verification Test Method Required Limit(s)2 Test Method Required Limit(s) EPA Worksurface ANSI/ESD S 4.1 and/or ANSI/ESD STM 4.2 1 x 109 ohms and/or 200
ANSI/ESD S20.20 (a complimentary.pdf copy can be downloaded at no charge from the ESD Association website ESDA.org. Also, other documents such as the ESD Handbook ESD TR20.20 can be purchased). “The 100 volt HBM limit was selected for ANSI/ESD S20.20 as the baseline susceptibility threshold since a large majority of the ESD
ESD products 1 Armeka Engineering Ltd has offered ESD products and services for over ten years and been developed to the leading ESD expert . We offer to our customers comprehensive ESD service, training, consulting, planning and building of ESD areas. You can get all necessary materials, products and measuring devices to ESD protection .
