THE INFLUENCE OF USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUE .

THE INFLUENCE OF USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUETOWARDS STUDENTS’ DESCRIPTIVE TEXT WRITING ABILITY AT THEFIRST SEMESTER OF THE EIGHTH GRADE OF SMPN 1 JATI AGUNGSOUTH LAMPUNG IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019A ThesisSubmitted as a Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements for S1- DegreeBy:INTAN DEVITA NADYANPM : 1411040271Study Program: English EducationTARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING FACULTYSTATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITYRADEN INTAN LAMPUNG2018/2019

THE INFLUENCE OF USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUETOWARDS STUDENTS’ DESCRIPTIVE TEXT WRITING ABILITY AT THEFIRST SEMESTER OF THE EIGHTH GRADE OF SMPN 1 JATI AGUNGSOUTH LAMPUNG IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019A ThesisSubmitted as a Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements for S1- DegreeBy:INTAN DEVITA NADYANPM : 1411040271Study Program: English EducationAdvisor: Rohmatillah, M.PdCo-Advisor: Nunun Indrasari, M.PdTARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING FACULTYSTATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITYRADEN INTAN LAMPUNG2018/2019

ABSTRACTTHE INFLUENCE OF USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHERTECHNIQUE TOWARDS STUDENTS’ DESCRIPTIVE TEXT WRITINGABILITY AT THE FIRST SEMESTER OF THE EIGHTH GRADE OFSMPN 1 JATI AGUNG SOUTH LAMPUNG IN THE ACADEMIC YEAROF 2018/2019ByIntan Devita NadyaAs one skill which should be mastered by the students in English learning, thestudentsstill find writing difficult. It could be seen in preliminary research. There are were66.1% of students who get the score under 70 as the criteria of writing test. Thus,the new technique must proposed, the technique was Numbered Heads Together.The objective of this research is to know whether there is a significant influence ofusing Numbered Heads Together Technique towards students‟ descriptive textwriting ability.This research used quasi experimental design with the treatment held in three meetings,2x40 minutes for each class. The population of this research was the eighth gradeof SMPN 1 Jati Agung South Lampung. The sampling technique was clusterrandom sampling. The sample was taken two classes, one class as the experimentalclass, VIII B and the other class as the control class, VIII E consisted of 63students. In collecting the data, the writer used the instrument in the form ofwriting test for pre-test and post-test. After giving the post-test, the writer analyzedthe data by using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science).

From the data analysis, it was found that the result of Sig. (2-tailed) of the equal)variance was 0.05.is accepted if Sig. (andis rejected. Based on the computation, it can be concluded that therewas a significant influence of using Numbered Heads Together Technique towardsstudents‟ descriptive text writing ability at the first semester of the eighth grade ofSMPN 1 Jati Agung South Lampung in the Academic Year of 2018/2019.Keywords: Numbered Heads Together Technique, Quasi Experimental Design,Descriptive Text Writing Ability.

DECLARATIONHereby, I stated this thesis entitled “The Influence of Using Numbered Heads TogetherTechnique Towards Students‟ Descriptive Text Writing Ability at the FirstSemester of the Eighth Grade of SMPN 1 Jati Agung South Lampung in theAcademic Year of 2018/2019” is completely my own work, I am fully aware that Ihave quoted some statements and theories from various sources and they areproperly acknowledged in the next.Bandar Lampung, 15 April 2019Declared by,Intan Devita NadyaNPM. 1411040271

MOTTO"And if all the trees upon the earth were pens and the sea (was ink), replenished thereafter by seven (more) seas, the words of Allah would not be axhausted (in thewriting). Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise”1 (Q.S. Luqman : 27)1p.413.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Meaning of Holy Qur’an (Maryland: Amana Publications, 2001),

DEDICATIONBissmillahirrahmanirrahim.Praise and gratitude to Allah Subhanahu Wataalla for abundant blessing to me, andfrom my deep of heart and great love, this thesis is dedicated to:1. The greatest support in my life, my beloved family. Mr. Bob April A.Md, Mrs.Nina Sri Yati A.Md, and do not forget my sister Zalika Mutiara Anabella and mybrother M.Goldy Berlian, and all of my family who always pray for my successand give me inspiration, motivation, love, support to always study hard. I lovethem very much.2. My beloved lecturers and advisors who are always patient in giving direction inworking on this thesis.3. My beloved family, PBI D‟14.4. My beloved Almamater UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

CURRICULUM VITAEThe writer‟s name is Intan Devita Nadya. She was born on January1996, inBandar Lampung. She is the first child of three children of Mr. Bob April A.Mdand Mrs. Nina Sri Yati A.Md. She has one sister, her name is Zalika MutiaraAnabella, and one brother, his name is M.Goldy Berlian.The writer began her study in Elementary School at SD Al-Azhar 1 Bandar Lampungin 2002 and graduated in 2008. Then, she continued her study at SMPN 19 BandarLampung and graduated in 2011. After she finished her study at Junior HighSchool, she continued her study at MAN 1 Model Bandar Lampung and graduatedin 2014. And after she finished her study at Senior High School, in the same yearshe continued her study to UIN Raden Intan Lampung as a student of EnglishEducation Program of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTPraise be to Allah Subhanahu wata‟Allah the Almighty God, the most merciful and themost beneficent, for blessing me with His mercy and guidance to finish this thesis.Peace and salutation is upon to our prophet Muhammad Shallallahu „a;aihiwasallam, with his family and followers. This thesis entitled “The influence ofusing Numbered Heads Together technique towards students‟ descriptive textwriting ability at the first semester of the eighth grade of SMPN 1 Jati AgungSouth Lampung in the Academic Year of 2018/2019” is submitted as acompulsory fulfillment of the requirements for S1 degree of English StudyProgram at Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty, State Islamic University (UIN)Raden Intan Lampung. When finishing this thesis, the writer has obtained so muchhelp, assistance, support, and many valuable things from various sides. Therefore,the writer would sincerely thank :1. Prof. Dr. H. Chairul Anwar, M.Pd., the Dean of Tarbiyah and Teacher TrainingFaculty UIN Raden Intan Lampung with his staff, who has given an oppurtunityand forbearance to the writer when on going the study until the accomplishmentof this thesis.

2. Meisuri, M.Pd., the chairperson of English Education Faculty UIN Raden IntanLampung.3. Rohmatillah, M.Pd., the first advisor who has patienly guided and directed thewriter until the completion of this thesis as well.4. Nunun Indrasari, M.Pd., as the Co-Advisor who has always patienly guided,helped, supervision especially in correcting and given countless time for thewriter to finish this thesis as well.5. Satria Adi Pradana, M.Pd., as the primary examiner who has given the goodadvice for perfecting this thesis.6. All lecturers of English Departement Lecturers UIN Raden Intan Lampung.7. Dra. Rd. Emi Sulasmi, M.Pd., the headmaster of SMPN 1 Jati Agung SouthLampung for allowing the writer conducting the research, and do not forget toEnglish teacher Yuliana, S.Pd., for being helpful during the research process andgiving suggestion during the research.8. My best partner Faizal Akbar, who came at the right time by Allah. The peoplewho have always supported and accompany the writer when her felt hopeless tofinish this thesis.9. All of my greatest family of English Education D‟14 GARIS KERAS (AgtaFitriyani, Ana Martika, Agung, Ardi, Atin, Ani, Asih, Afiska, Apriska, Albert,Anale, Balqis, Citra, Della, Dian Hap, Dian April, Devi Fera, Devi Ang, Desi,

Destri, Dani, Diana, Imam, Jepri, Joko, Rahmat, Putri, Yogi) who always giventhe happiness for 5 years.10. All the people who helped the writer, who cannot mention one by one.May Allah Subhanahu wata‟Allah bless and give in return for every help they didto the writer. Finally, it is expected that this thesis can benefit to the readers.Aaammiiinn Allahuma Aaammiiinn.Bandar Lampung, 15 April 2019The Writer,Intan Devita NadyaNPM. 1411040271

TABLE OF CONTENTSPageCOVER . iABSTRACT . iiAPPROVAL . iiiMOTTO . ivDECLARATION . vDEDICATION . viCURRICULUM VITAE . viiACKNOWLEDGEMENT . viiiTABLE OF CONTENTS . xiLIST OF TABLE . xvLIST OF APPENDICES . xviLIST OF FIGURES . xviiiCHAPTER I INTRODUCTIONA. Background of the Problem . 1

B. Identification of the Problem . 8C. Limitation of the Problem . 9D. Formulation of the Problem . 9E. Objective of the Problem . 9F. Uses of the Research . 9G. Scope of the Problem . 10CHAPTER II FRAME OF THEORY, FRAME OF THINGKING, ANDHYPOTHESISA. Frame of Theories . 111. Concept of Teaching English as a Foreign Language . 112. Concept of Writing . 133. Concept of Writing Ability . 144. Concept of Writing Process . 165. Concept of Teaching Writing . 186. Text . 207. Kinds of Text . 218. Concept of Descriptive Text . 23a. Definition of Descriptive Text . 23b. Social Function and Generic Structure ofDescriptive Text . 249. Grammatical Features of Descriptive Text . 2510. Descriptive Text Writing Ability . 2711. Concept of Numbered Heads Together . 27a. Definition of Numbered Heads Together . 27b. Concept of Teaching Writing by usingNumbered Heads Together . 30c. Procedure of Teaching by using Numbered Heads Together . 32

d. Advantages and Disadvantages of Numbered Heads Together. 3412. Concept of Draw Label Caption Strategy . 35a. Definition of Draw Label Caption Strategy . 35b. Procedure of Draw Label Caption Strategy . 37c. Procedure of Teaching Writing Descriptive Text using DrawLabel Caption Strategy . 38d. Advantages and Disadvantages of Draw Label Caption Strategy. 40B. Frame of Thinking . 41C. Hypothesis . 42CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGYA. Research Design . 43B. Variable of the Research . 44C. Operational Definition of Variable . 45D. Population, Sample, and Sampling Technique . 451. Population . 452. Sample . 463. Sampling Technique . 46E. Reseacrh Procedure . 47F. Data Collecting Technique . 48G. Research Instrument . 49H. Criteria for Evaluating Student‟s Writing . 51I. Validity and Reliability of the Test . 53J. Readability of the Test . 55K. Reliability of the Test . 55L. Data Analysis . 57

1. Normality Test . 572. Homogenety Test . 583. Hypothetical Test . 58CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSIONA. Research Procedure . 60B. Data Description . 61C. Result of The Research . 651. Result of Pre-test in Experimental Class . 652. Result of Pre-test in Control Class . 663. Result of Post-test in Experimental Class . 664. Result of Post-test in Control Class . 67D. Gain Score . 68E. Data Analysis . 691. Fulfillment of the Assumption . 69a. Result of Normality Test . 69b. Result of Homogenity Test . 702. Result of Hypothetical Test . 71a. Hypothetical Test . 713. Discussion . 73CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONA. Conclusion . 76B. Suggestion . 77REFERENCES . 79APPENDICES . 84

LIST OF TABLESPageTable 1.1Students‟ English Writing Score at the Eighth Grade of SMPN 1 JatiAgung South Lampung in Academic Year of 2018/2019 . 5Table 2.1Syntax of Numbered Head Together Cooperative Learningmodel . 29Table 3.1Total Number of the students of the eighth grade at SMPN 1 Jati AgungSouth Lampung 2018/2019 . 46Table 3.2Assesment Scale for Writing Work . 51Table 4.1Normality of the Experimental and Control Class . 70Table 4.2Homogeneity of the Experimental and Control Class . 71Table 4.3Result of Hypothetical Test . 72

LIST OF APPENDICESPageAppendix 1 Interview Guidline for the Teacher in the PreliminaryResearch . 84Appendix 2 Result of Interview the Teacher . 85Appendix 3 Interview for the Student . 87Appendix 4 Result of Interview for the Student . 88Appendix 5Students‟ Score of Writing at the Eighth Grade ofSMPN 1 Jati Agung South Lampung in The Academic Yearof 2018/2019 . 94Appendix 6 Instrument for Pre-Test . 100Appendix 7 Instrument for Post-Test . 101Appendix 8 Syllabus . 102Appendix 9 Lesson Plan for Experimental Class (RPP) . 113