Quarter 1 - Module 2 Earthquake Epicenter
10ScienceQuarter 1 - Module 2Earthquake EpicenterDepartment of Education Republic of the Philippines
Science- Grade 10Alternative Delivery ModeQuarter 1 - Module 2 : Earthquake EpicenterFirst Edition, 2020Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work ofthe Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or officewherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Suchagency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalty.Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Everyeffort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from theirrespective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownershipover them.Published by the Department of Education – Division of BukidnonSchools Division Superintendent: Randolph B. Tortola, PhD, CESO IVDevelopment Team of the ModuleAuthor/sContent EditorLanguage EditorReviewersIllustrator and Layout ArtistManagement TeamChairpersonCo-ChairpersonsMembers: Maria Betty A. Lamban: Mark Windel R. DoñoMenia M. Rosales: Marria Luisa M. Casiño: Ellen A. Azuelo, PhD, Rejynne Mary L. Ruiz, PhD: Christine Fel A. Matugas , Xyza Penkian: Arturo B. Bayocot, PhD, CESO IIIRegional Director: Victor G. De Gracia Jr., PhD, CESO VAssistant Regional Director: Randolph B. Tortola, PhD, CESO IVSchools Division Superintendent: Shambaeh A. Abantas-Usman, PhDAssistant Schools Division SuperintendentMala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD: Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMSBienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADMElbert R. Francisco, CID ChiefEllen A. Azuelo, EPS-ScienceRejynne Mary L. Ruiz, LRMS ManagerJenny B. Timbal, PDO IIShella O. Bolasco, Librarian IIPrinted in the Philippines byDepartment of Education – Division of BukidnonOffice Address:Fortich Street, Malaybalay City, BukidnonTelefax:(088) 813-3634E-mail Address:bukidnon@deped.gov.ph
10ScienceQuarter 1 - Module 2Earthquake EpicenterThis instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewedby educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other educationstakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to theDepartment of Education at bukidnon@ deped.gov.ph.We value your feedback and recommendations.Department of Education Republic of the Philippines
Table of ContentsCOVER PAGECOPYRIGHT PAGETITLE PAGETABLE OF CONTENTSLesson 1 – Earthquakes and Types of Waves (Day 1)What I Need to KnowWhat I KnowWhat’s InWhat’s NewWhat Is ItWhat’s MoreWhat I Have LearnedWhat I Can DoAssessmentAdditional Activities235678991011Lesson 2 - Locating the Epicenter (Day 2)What I Need to KnowWhat I KnowWhat’s InWhat’s NewWhat Is ItWhat’s MoreWhat I Have LearnedWhat I Can DoAssessmentAdditional Activities .12131515151717171820Lesson 3 - Precautionary Measures (Day 3)What I Need to KnowWhat I KnowWhat’s InWhat’s NewWhat Is ItWhat’s MoreWhat I Have LearnedWhat I Can DoAssessmentAdditional Activities .AssessmentKey to AnswersReferences21222324242626262728293132
What This Module is AboutIntroductory MessageWelcome to the Science 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on EarthquakeEpicenter.To the teachers:This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from publicschools to assist you, teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the standards set bythe K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints inschooling.As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You alsoneed to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learningfor optimal development and understanding. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage andassist the learners as they do the tasks included in this module.To the parents:As vital partners in education, your support to your children’s learning at home is a great factorto ensure that they will become successful in what they do. As parents, you are expected tomonitor your children’s progress while they are accomplishing the tasks in this module whileat the same time, ensuring that they learn independently.The objectives set for this learning material will be certainly accomplished with your steadfastguidance and support.To the learners:This learning resource hopes to engage you into guided and independent learning activitiesat your own pace and time. This also aims to help you acquire the needed 21st century skillswhile taking into consideration your needs and circumstances.Furthermore, it is our objective that you will have fun while going through this material. Takecharge of your learning pace and in no time, you will successfully meet the targets andobjectives set in this module which are intended for your ultimate development as a learnerand as a person.How to Learn from This Module
To achieve the objectives previously highlighted, you, the learner, are to do the following:1. Take time in reading the lessons thoroughly;2. Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises carefully; and3. Answer all the given tests and exercises diligently.Icons Used in This ModuleWhat I Need toThis part contains learning objectives thatKnoware set for you to learn as you go along thismodule.What I KnowThis section checks your level of knowledgeabout the subject matter at hand.It is meant specifically to gauge your priorWhat’s Inrelated knowledge.This one connects the previous lessonwith that to the current one.What’s NewThis serves as an introduction to the newlesson through the use of meaningful andengaging activities.What Is ItThese contain the discussions of the activities as a way to deepen your discovery andunderstanding of the concept.What’s MoreThese activities do a follow-up which are intended for you to practice further in order tomaster the competencies.What I HaveThis section gives tasks that process whatLearnedyou have learned from the previous lesson.What I Can DoThis section provides an activity that helps totransfer your new knowledge or skill intoreal-life situations or concerns.
AssessmentThis task aims to evaluate your level of mastery inachieving the learning competency.Additional ActivitiesThis portion offers another activity to enrich yourknowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This alsopromotes retention of learned concepts.Answer KeyThis contains all of the answers to all exercisesfound in this module.At the end of this module you will also find:ReferencesThis previews the list of all sources used indeveloping this module.Guidelines and RemindersThe following are some guidelines and reminders to remember when using this module:1. Use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.2. Do not forget to answer the What I Know section before moving on to the next activitiesincluded in the module.3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks found in this module, do not hesitateto consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deepunderstanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!-From the Science 10 Module DevelopmentTeam
Lesson1EARTH AND SPACEEarthquake and Types of WavesAs you have learned from your previous grade, earthquakes are naturalgeological phenomena caused by the sudden and rapid movement of large volumeof rock. The violent shaking and destruction caused by earthquakes are the result ofthe rupture and slippage along fractures of Earth’s crust called faults.What happens when an earthquake starts? The sudden release of energy froman earthquake sends out several different shaking movements, or seismic waves. Insome cases, an earthquake can have foreshocks. These are smaller earthquakes thathappen in the same place where the larger earthquake occurs. On the other hand,mainshocks are always followed by aftershocks. These are smaller earthquakes thatoccur afterwards in the same place as the mainshock. Depending on the size of themainshock, aftershocks can continue for weeks, months, or even years after themainshock!Source: https://www.google.com/search?q 4 pics 1 word earthquake&rlz 1C1CHJW enPH750PH750&sxsrf urce lnms&tbm isch&sa X&ved 2ahUKEwjX06GXhL qAhU9xosBHYn0BqoQ AUoAXoECAwQAw&biw 1366&bih 576#imgrc QS1lk86hwREqDM1
What I Need to KnowThis lesson is designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help youmaster the nature of Earth and Space. The scope of this module permits it to be usedin many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diversevocabulary level of students. Moreover, the lessons are arranged to follow thestandard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can bechanged to correspond with the textbook you are now using.After going through this lesson, you are expected to:1. Define earthquake; and2. Differentiate body waves from surface waves.Are you ready? Let usnow start exploringand discovering thewonders of the Earth!2
What I Know (Pretest)Multiple Choice: Select the best answer from the given choices and write it inCAPITAL LETTER on a separate sheet of paper.1. What is an earthquake?I. The shaking and trembling of the Earth’s crust.II. A man-made calamity.III. Can be measured through a thermometer.IV.Systematic waves that are created due to the sudden release of energy inthe Earth crust’s.A. I and IIB. I and IVC. II onlyD. II and III2. Why is Philippines prone to experience earthquakes?A. It is within the Pacific Ring of Fire.B. The Pacific Ocean causes daily shaking of the archipelago.C. It has plenty of stored energy in the crust part.D. The Philippines is in tropical area.3. What starting point is to be traced to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?A. First P wave and the first S waveB. Second P wave and the second S waveC. Third P wave and the third S waveD. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave4. They are the scientists who study earthquakes.A. Seigmographists B. Seismologists C. Seismologihists D. Seismogists5. In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of the earthquakes?A. Away from the focusB. Through the focusC. From the coreD. Away from the core6. What are the possible effects of an earthquake?I. It may cause buildings to collapse, thus, injuring and killing people.II. It can destroy roads, railways, bridges and communication lines bycreating cracks in the ground.III. It can lead to floods and landslides that may harm humans and otherorganisms.IV. It may not cause tsunamis.A. I and IIB. III and IVC. I, II and IIID. II, III and IV3
7. Which of the seismic waves travels the fastest?A. Instant Wave B. Primary Wave C. Secondary WaveD. Surface Wave8. Which earthquake waves travel through the outer core?A. P-wavesB. S-wavesC. P-waves and S-wavesD. Primary and Surface waves9. Seismology comes from the Greek word “seismos” which means to .A. danceB. shakeC. skipD. wave10. What seismic wave travels horizontally that is transverse to the direction thewave?A. Love WaveB. P waveC. Rayleigh Wave D. S wave11. What seismic wave moves in an elliptical motion that produces both vertical andhorizontal motions?A. Love WaveB. P waveC. Rayleigh Wave D. S wave12. What type of seismic wave is considered as the first signal for an earthquaketo be felt?A. Love WaveB. P waveC. Rayleigh Wave D. S wave13. S waves are also called .A. Sad WaveB. Secret WaveC. Shear WaveD. Shed Wave14. It is considered to be the slowest wave as it travels on the surface of the Earth.A. Body WaveB. Sad WaveC. Shed WaveD. Surface Wave15. Seismic waves start at theA. epicenterB. focus.C. seismic distance4D. seismic gap
What’s InIn the previous lesson, you learned about the different active volcanoes whichmay cause earthquakes in various regions. You have also learned that an earthquakeis a sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by the movements of the earth’scrust or volcanic eruption, sometimes leading to great destruction.Have you ever wondered what makes the Philippines susceptible toearthquakes?This is because the Philippines is within the Pacific Ring of Fire. Hence, it isexpected to have more cases of earthquakes and these may happen anytime.Figure 1.1. Pacific Ring of FireSource: ectonics-ring-fire/5
What’s NewEARTHQUAKE WORD SEARCHFind all the hidden words related to earthquake in the grid below. The wordsmay have been arranged in different directions. Write your answers on a separatesheet of HHEIJKLMNONHJYTFBODYWAVESNMKLIY1.2.3.4.5.6
What Is ItBy definition, earthquake is the shaking and trembling of the Earth’s crustcaused by a sudden release of energy. It occurs when rocks along a certain fault linesuddenly move.The study of earthquakes and the waves they create is called seismology (fromthe Greek word “seismos” which means “to shake”). In turn, scientists who studyearthquakes are called seismologists. During an earthquake, a sudden release ofstored energy in the Earth’s crust creates seismic waves. Sometimes they causetsunamis and fire which may lead to loss of life and huge damage to property.How would the sorroundings be affected during an earthquake? As anearthquake occurs, energy moves out in all directions from the focus. The energy thatis released is carried by a vibration called seismic waves.There are four (4) main types of seismic waves: P-waves and S-waves (whichare body waves), and Rayleigh and Love waves (which are surface waves).Body WavesSurface WavesP-Wave or Primary WaveLove WaveS-Wave or Secondary Wave Rayleigh WaveTypes of Body WavesP-Waves or Primary WavesP-Waves or primary waves travel faster than otherseismic waves. It is considered as the first signal from anearthquake to be felt. This may be transmitted throughgases, liquids and solids.S-Waves or Secondary wavesFigure 1.2. P and S WaveS-Waves or secondary waves are a type asics/waves.htmlelastic wave and are one of the two main types of elasticbody waves. It is also called as shear waves.The distance between the beginning of the first P wave and the first S wavetells you how many seconds the waves are apart. This number will be used to tell youhow far your seismograph is from the epicenter of the earthquake.Types of Surface WavesLove WaveLove Wave is named after Augustus EdwardHough Love. It has a horizontal motion that istransverse to the direction the wave is travelling andis considered to be the fastest surface wave andmoves the ground from side to side.Figure 1.3. Love and Rayleigh WaveSource: es.html7
Rayleigh WaveRayleigh Waves move in an elliptical motion, producing both vertical andhorizontal motions. This moves the ground up and down and side to side in the samedirection that the wave is moving. It is named after Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt).What’s MoreActivity 1(Let’s Infer!)Fig. 1.1 Damaged BuildingFig. 1.2 TsunamiFig.1.3 FireBased on the pictures given above, what can you infer about all of them as a whole?Activity 2(Draw me)In the box below, illustrate the seismic waves and give a short explanation foreach of them.IllustrationExplanation8
What I Have LearnedFill in the boxes with the necessary information to complete the concept aboutseismic waves. (15 points)EarthquakeSeismic WavesWhat I Can DoAs a concerned citizen and an informed individual, what can you do to help yourneighbor during an earthquake. Give at least five (5) steps/actions that you can do tohelp them. (3 points each)1.2.3.4.5.9
Assessment (Posttest)Multiple Choice: Select the best answer from the given choices and write it inCAPITAL LETTER on a separate sheet of paper1. Why is Philippines prone to experience earthquakes?A. It is within the Pacific Ring of Fire.B. The Pacific Ocean causes daily shaking of the archipelago.C. It has plenty of stored energy in the crust part.D. The Philippines is in tropical area.2. What is an earthquake?I. The shaking and trembling of the Earth’s crust.II. A man-made calamity.III.Can be measured through a thermometer.IV.Systematic waves that are created due to the sudden release of energy inthe Earth crust’s.A. I and IIB. I and IVC. II onlyD. II and III3. In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of the earthquakes?A. Away from the focusB. Through the focusC. From the coreD. Away from the core4. What are the possible effects of an earthquake?I.It may cause buildings to collapse, thus, injuring and killing people.II.It can destroy roads, railways, bridges and communication lines bycreating cracks in the ground.III.It can lead to floods and landslides that may harm humans and otherorganisms.IV.It may not cause tsunamis.A. I and IIB. III and IVC. I, II and IIID. II, III and IV5. . What starting point is to be traced to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?A. First P wave and the first S waveB. Second P wave and the second S waveC. Third P wave and the third S waveD. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave10
6. They are the scientists who study earthquakes.A. Seigmographists B. Seismologists C. Seismologihists D. Seismogists7. What seismic wave travels horizontally that is transverse to the direction thewave?A. Love WaveB. P waveC. Rayleigh Wave D. S wave8. Which earthquake waves travel through the outer core?A. P-wavesC. P-waves and S-wavesB. S-wavesD. Primary and Surface waves9. Seismology comes from the Greek word “seismos” which means to .A. danceB. shakeC. skipD. wave10. Which of the seismic waves travels the fastest?A. Instant Wave B. Primary Wave C. Secondary WaveD. Surface Wave11. What seismic wave moves in an elliptical motion, thus producing both verticaland horizontal motions?A. Love WaveB. P waveC. Rayleigh Wave D. S wave12. Seismic waves start at theA. epicenterB. focus.C. seismic distance13. S waves are also called .A. Sad WaveB. Secret WaveC. Shear WaveD. seismic gapD. Shed Wave14. It is considered to be the slowest wave as it travels on the surface of the Earth.A. Body WaveB. Sad WaveC. Shed WaveD. Surface Wave15. What type of seismic wave is considered as the first signal for an earthquaketo be felt?A. Love WaveB. P waveC. Rayleigh Wave D. S waveAdditional ActivitiesMake a list of at least five (5) materials or equipments that everyone mustprepare before an earthquake occurs.1.2.3.4.5.11
Lesson2EARTH AND SPACELocating the EpicenterSeismologists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by using triangulationmethod. When seismic data is collected from at least three (3) different locations, itcan be used to determine the epicenter of an earthquake by where it intersects. Hence,scientists need at least three (3) seismic stations to clearly identify the location.What I Need to KnowIn this particular lesson, you will beable to learn about locating theepicenter and hypocenter; Identify thedifferent scales used in determining themagnitude an earthquake.This lesson will help you master the nature of Earth and Space, specificallylocating the earthquake’s epicenter. The scope of this module is geared towards itsusability in various learning situations; its language is adapted to the needs of diverselearners; and its lessons do agree to the sequences of the course. Also, its order isflexible and can be changed depending on the textbook you are currently using.After going through this lesson, you are expected to:1. Differentiate epicenter from hypocenter of an earthquake; and2. Identify the different measurements used to determinine themagnitude of an earthquake.12
What I Know (Pretest)Multiple Choice: Select the best answer from the given choices and write it inCAPITAL LETTER on a separate sheet of paper.1. By determining the starting point, we can locate the epicenter of an earthquake.Which waves should we trace first?A. First P wave and the first S waveB. Second P wave and the second S waveC. Third P wave and the third S waveD. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave2. When will an earthquake occur?A. Air on the ground evaporates along a fault.B. Rocks underground suddenly breaks along a fault.C. Soil on the ground was suddenly eroded by a flash flood.D. Water underground usually breaks along a fault.3. What is the exact location of the epicenter on the surface of the Earth?A. Beneath where the earthquake starts.B. Directly above where the earthquake starts.C. Located at the center where the earthquake starts.D. Right beside where the earthquake starts.4. What will be the starting point to be traced to locate the epicenter of anearthquake?A. First P wave and the first S waveB. Second P wave and the second S waveC. Third P wave and the third S waveD. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave5. The significance of locating an earthquake’s epicenter is to .A. identify the fault that did not rupture causing the earthquake.B. increase the confidence in the hazard exhibiting in the area.C. locate the epicenter that can be used as plate boundary.D. lessen the confidence in the hazard exhibiting in the area.6. If a Magnitude 10 earthquakes occur, what are its possible effects?A. destroys some well-built wooden structuresB. felt by only a fewC. not felt by manyD. slight damages to specially designed structures13
7. What is the point on the surface directly above the seismic focus called?A. faultB. seismic focusC. focusD. epicenter8. How is the magnitude of an earthquake measured? Through the use of a/an.A. Digital scaleB. Inverted scaleC. Richter scale D. Weighing scale9. What best decribes the distribution of an earthquake’s epicenter?A. The location of an earthquake’s epicenter can be used to define plateboundaries.B. Plate tectonic activity has nothing to do with the earth’s tectonic activity.C. The epicenter of an earthquake is derived from microseismic data.D. None of the choices.10. Which of the following statements is true about a seismologists’ prediction onearthquake?A. Predict 50% of all earthquakes.B. Accurately predict when an earthquake occurs.C. Predict the time and location of all earthquakes.D. Characterize the seismic risk of an area, but cannot yet accurately predictmost earthquakes.11. Where does the first motion of an earthquake occur?A. coreB. epicenterC. faultD. focus12. Given the diagram below, where does the epicenter occur?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 413. Where does the focus occur in the diagram in question number 12?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 414. What method do seismologists use in locating an epicenter?A. Focus Group DiscussionB. InterviewC. ObservationD. Triangulation15. An area where an earthquake occurs is called .A. crustB. epicenterC. fault14D. focus
What’s InIn the previous lesson, you have learned about earthquakes, surface wavesand body waves. Earthquake is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground causedby the movements of the earth’s crust or volcanic eruption leading to destruction.Seismologists, the scientists who study earthquakes, have proven thatseismic waves are caused by the sudden breaking apart located within the earthor the slipping of tectonic plates. The study of earthquakes and the waves theycreated is called seismology (from the Greek word “seismos” which means “to shake”).During an earthquake, there is a sudden release of stored energy in the Earth’scrust thus, seismic waves are formed. Sometimes, they cause tsunamis and fire whichmay lead to loss of life and huge damage to property.What’s NewArrange the letters to form a word. Write your answers on a separatesheet of aqerhktu-What Is ItLocation of an EpicenterThe epicenter is usually the location where the waves from an earthquake arehighly intense. As a result, it is also the area where the most damage can possiblyoccur. However, it is not always the case. If an earthquake is particularly large, it mayrun across a large section of a plate boundary. In this case, the epicenter might onlybe one of the many hotspot areas and the damage could be greater elsewhere.15
EpicenterHypocenter or focusFig. 2.1. An earthquake showing the hypocenter and epicenterHow to locate the earthquake epicenter?In order to locate the epicenter of an earthquake, you need to determinethe time interval between the arrival of the P and S waves (the S-P interval) on theseismo-grams from at least three different stations.Locating the epicenters will determine which fault lines are active. Generally,the less active fault line stores great amount of potential energy that could cause amajor earthquake once released. Hence, areas near fault lines that remain inactivefor a long period of time are prone to experience a major earthquake.The distance between the beginning of the first P wave and the first S wavetells you how many seconds the waves are apart. This number will be used to tell youhow far your seismograph is from the epicenter of the earthquake. In order to locatethe epicenter, the distance between the first P wave and the first S wave is measured.What causes an earthquake?An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. The tectonic plates arealways slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. Figure 2.2shows an earthquake that took place in the Philippines. The area where anearthquake occurs is called fault, or where the surface slipped. In addition, thelocation below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called thehypocenter or focus, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth iscalled the epicenter.The magnitude of an earthquake is based on the measurement of the maximummotion recorded by a seismograph. The most commonly used are the LocalMagnitude (ML) or known as the Richter magnitude, the surface wave magnitude(Ms), body -wave magnitude (Mb), and moment magnitude (Mw).Fig. 2.2 An earthquake aftermath inDavao City, Philippines(October 31, 2019)16
What’s MoreAnswer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.1. What is the cause of an earthquake?2. How does a hypocenter differ from an epicenter?3. How can we locate the epicenter of an earthquake?4. What are the different measurements used to determine the magnitude of anearthquake?What I Have LearnedComplete the table below by citing the differences between an epicenter and ahypocenter based on their characteristics. Write your answers on a separate sheet ofpaper.CharacteristicsEpicenterHypocenterLocation on Earth’sSurfaceAssociated wavesWhat I Can DoCite a real scenario that occurs during an Earthquake Drill. (15 points)17
AAssessment (Post-Test)Multiple Choice: Select the best answer from the given choices and write it inCAPITAL LETTER on a separate sheet of paper.1. What is the exact location of the epicenter on the surface of the Earth?A. Beneath where the earthquake starts.B. Directly above where the earthquake starts.C. Located at the center where the earthquake starts.D. Right beside where the earthquake starts.2. When will an earthquake occur? It occurs when the .A. Air on the ground evaporates along a fault.B. Rocks underground suddenly breaks along a fault.C. Soil on the ground was suddenly eroded by a flash flood.D. Water underground usually breaks along a fault.3. By determining the starting point, we can locate the epicenter of an earthquake.Which waves should we trace first?A. First P wave and the first S waveB. Second P wave and the second S waveC. Third P wave and the third S waveD. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave4. What will be the starting point to be traced to locate the epicenter of anearthquake?A. First P wave and the first S waveB. Second P wave and the second S waveC. Third P wave and the third S waveD. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave5 . If a Magnitude 10 earthquakes occur, what are its possible effects?A. destroys some well-built wooden structuresB. felt by only a fewC. not felt by manyD. slight damages to specially designed structures6. The significance of locating an earthquake’s epicenter is to .A. identify the fault that did not rupture causing the earthquake.B. increase the confidence in the hazard exhibiting in the area.C. locate the epicenter that can be used as plate boundary.D. lessen the confidence in the hazard exhibiting in the area.18
7. What is the point on the surface directly above the seismic focus called?A. faultB. seismic focusC. focusD. epicenter8. What best decribes the distribution of an earthquake’s epicenter?A. The location of an earthquake’s epicenter can be used to define plateboundaries.B. Plate tectonic activity has nothing to do with the earth’s tectonic activity.C. The epicenter of an earthquake is derived from microseismic data.D. None of the choices.9. How is the magnitude of an earthquake measured? Through the use of a/an.A. Digital scaleB. Inverted scaleC. Richter scale D. Weighing scale10. Where does the first motion of an earthquake occur?A. coreB. epicenterC. faultD. focus11. Which of the following statements is true about a seismologists’ prediction onearthquake?A. Predict 50% of all earthquakes.B. Accurately predict when an earthquake occurs.C. Predict the time and location of all earthquakes.D. Characterize the seismic risk of
Assessment 27 Additional Activities . 28 Assessment 29 Key to Answers 31 References 32 . What This Module is About Introductory Message Welcome to the Science 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Earthquake Epicenter. To the teachers: This module was collaboratively desi
This earthquake was as big as:This earthquake was as big as: 500 Hiroshima bombs Half the eruption of Mt. St. Helens 11 Cape Mendocino earthquakes 1992 CAPE MENDOCINO RUPTURE 2004 Indonesian earthquake 1906 earthquake 1906 earthquake 2004 Indonesia How big was the 1906 Earthquake?
Teacher’s Book B LEVEL - English in school 6 Contents Prologue 8 Test paper answers 10 Practice Test 1 11 Module 1 11 Module 2 12 Module 3 15 Practice Test 2 16 Module 1 16 Module 2 17 Module 3 20 Practice Test 3 21 Module 1 21 Module 2 22 Module 3 25 Practice Test 4 26 Module 1 26 Module 2 27 Module 3 30 Practice Test 5 31 Module 1 31 Module .
3. Credit by Quarter (as correlated to district curriculum map): Quarter 1 Module– September and October Quarter 2 Module– November and December Quarter 3 Module– January and February Quarter 4 Module– March and April 4
An earthquake that occurs inside the tectonic plate is called an intraplate earthquake. Intraplate earthquakes include earthquakes occurring within the subducting plate and earthquakes occurring in the shallow area of a land plate (shallow focus inland earthquake: active fault earthquake). As a shallow focus inland earthquake would
Traditional methods of earthquake safety training include conducting earthquake drills [22,26,34], reading earthquake safety manuals [6,13] (e.g., the ShakeOut Drill Manual) and watching training videos. The goal of training is to reinforce preparedness and safe behavior, such that when an earthquake occurs, people can respond quickly without
Key words: Earthquake early warning, smartphone seismic networks, earthquake detection, earthquake alerts. 1. Introduction Seismology is an observational science that has always been limited by our ability to deploy sensing networks to study earthquake processes and the structure of the Earth. Earthquakes continue to have a
Earthquake Early Warning Systems: An Investment that Pays off in Seconds I n October 2007, Japan unveiled a national earthquake early warning system tasked with providing the general public with a few seconds of warning before the onset of strong earthquake ground shaking. This article defines earthquake early warning systems and describes
What is Earthquake Early Warning Not earthquake prediction Sensors detect the fast moving P-waves of an earthquake. The sensor data is sent to an earthquake alert center which uses an algorithm to predict magnitude and intensity. Alerts are then distributed to the public. This process takes seconds.
