GRADE 11 NOVEMBER 2015 GEOGRAPHY P1 - Best Education
NATIONALSENIOR CERTIFICATEGRADE 11NOVEMBER 2015GEOGRAPHY P1MARKS:225TIME:3 hours*IGEOGE1*This question paper consists of 13 pages.
2GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION1.This question paper consists of FOUR questions.2.Answer ANY THREE questions of 75 marks for a total of 225 marks.3.All diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE.4.Leave a line between the subsections answered.5.Start EACH question on a NEW page.6.Number the questions correctly according to the numbering system used inthis question paper.7.Do not write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.8.Where possible, illustrate your answer with labelled diagrams.9.Write neatly and legibly.Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)3GEOGRAPHY P1SECTION A: THE ATMOSPHERE AND GEOMOROHOLOGYQUESTION 11.1 Select from the list below a suitable term that matches the definition provided in1.1.1–1.1.8. Write only the question number (1.1.1–1.1.8) and then the term ofyour choice:Jet stream; Cyclonic; Orographic; Intertropical Convergence Zone; Continentalclimate; Maritime climate; Solstice; Equinox; Desertification; Degraded; Föhn;Monsoon1.1.1The time at which the sun is directly above a tropic line1.1.2A high speed wind in the tropopause1.1.3A wind warmed by adiabatic descent1.1.4A wind that reverses direction in summer and winter1.1.5Land that is no longer as productive as it was previously1.1.6Type of climate experienced by coastal places1.1.7Type of rain that occurs when air cools as it rises up a mountain1.1.8A front where tropical air masses north and south of the equator meetand converge(8 x 1)(8)1.2 Match the terms/concepts in COLUMN B with the descriptions in COLUMN A.Write only the letter (A–I) of your choice next to the question number (1.2.1–1.2.8) for example 1.2.8 J.1.2.11.2.21.2.31.2.41.2.51.2.61.2.7COLUMN AStepped slope that forms when more than onesill is exposed on the side of a hillJoint between layers of sedimentary rockSteep slope which joins low-lying land withhigh lying landSurface erosion caused by thin film of waterrun off during heavy rainA flattened, featureless surfaceA steep and rugged landscapeRising of land mass due to crustal forcesCopyright reservedACOLUMN BTectonic sPediplainBedding planePeneplainEscarpment(7 x 1)EFGHI(7)Please turn over
4GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)1.3 Refer to FIGURE 1.3 showing the world’s pressure belts and wind patterns atthe earth’s surface.1.3.1Provide a suitable term that describes major winds which blow all yearround over large areas of the earth’s surface.(1 x 1)(1)FIGURE 1.3 depicts winds deflecting to the left in the southernhemisphere and to the right in the northern hemisphere. Name the forcethat causes this deflection.(1 x 1)(1)Briefly describe any THREE characteristics of the force you mentionedin QUESTION 1.3.2.(3 x 1)(3)1.3.4Explain why the equator is an area of converging air.(2 x 1)(2)1.3.5Patterns of ascent and descent, of convergence and divergence, help usdescribe a more accurate model of air circulation. Justify this descriptionby explaining in a paragraph of 8 lines how the tri-cellular model explainsthese patterns.(4 x 2)(8)1.3.21.3.31.4 Refer to the synoptic weather map in FIGURE 1.4 and answer the questions thatfollow.1.4.1Identify the following:(a)Pressure cells at A and B(2 x 1)(2)(b)Front at C(1 x 1)(1)1.4.2Calculate the isobaric interval on the map.(1 x 1)(1)1.4.3What evidence suggests that the wind speed in Cape Town is greaterthan the wind speed in Port Elizabeth?(1 x 2)(2)Find Gough Island and Marion Island on the map. At which of these twoislands is the wind almost geostrophic?(1 x 1)(1)1.4.5Explain the reason for your answer in QUESTION 1.4.4.(1 x 2)(2)1.4.6Describe any FOUR weather conditions recorded at the weather stationat Durban.(4 x 1)(4)1.4.41.5 FIGURE 1.5 illustrates a classification of mass movements according to watercontent and velocity.1.5.1Define the term mass movement.(1 x 1)1.5.2Give the water content and range of velocities that are associated with:(1)(a)Mudflow(2 x 1)(2)(b)Rockfalls(2 x 1)(2)Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)1.5.31.5.45GEOGRAPHY P1Explain how different soils influence the degree and speed of massmovement.(2 x 2)(4)Evaluate the impact that mass movement has on the environment.(3 x 2)(6)1.6 FIGURE 1.6 illustrates a characteristic Karoo landscape found in areas withhorizontal strata:1.6.1Identify the flat-topped hill at A.(1 x 1)(1)1.6.2Describe the cap rock on top of this flat-topped hill mentioned inQUESTION 1.6.1(1 x 2)(2)1.6.3State how C can be differentiated from A and B.(1 x 2)(2)1.6.4Draw a simple freehand sketch through these flat-topped hills to illustratethe FOUR slope elements/forms.(4 x 1)(4)1.6.5Scarp retreat/scarp recession also known as back wasting played animportant role in the development of these flat-topped hills. In aparagraph of approximately EIGHT lines explain the process of scarpretreat.(4 x 2)Copyright reserved(8)[75]Please turn over
6GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)QUESTION 22.1 Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions.Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question number(2.1.1–2.1.8).2.1.1Slope failure refers to the ABCD2.1.2Sedimentary rocks ABCD2.1.3important tourist attractions.suitable for farming.perfect for human settlements.difficult for human settlements but ideal to developinfrastructure.Tors ABCD2.1.6horizontally layered rocks.structure of rocks.mountains, sea and depressions.shape of the land.Canyon landscapes are ABCD2.1.5form in horizontal layers.are made mainly of dolerite.are resistant to erosion.forms when magma cools.Topography refers to ABCD2.1.4movement of sediments.influence of gravity on sediments.influence of gravity on a slope.failure of the internal structure of soil.are usually convex in shape, steep low down and gentle higherup.are sedimentary rocks which are made up of layers which erode.develop in well-jointed igneous rock.have serrated edges and portals.Hilly landscapes and basaltic plateaus develop in areas where the rockstrata are ABCDCopyright reservedhorizontal and uniformly resistant to erosion.horizontal and not uniformly resistant to erosion.stratified and not uniformly resistant to erosion.metamorphic and uniformly resistant to erosion.Please turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)2.1.7Forces operating above the earth’s surface, for example erosion anddeposition are known as ABCD2.1.87GEOGRAPHY P1contracting forces.exogenic forces.undercutting forces.endogenic forces.River gorges and sea cliffs are examples of ABCDprimary slopes.secondary erosion.deposition slopes.primary erosion slopes.(8 x 1)(8)2.2 Refer to FIGURE 2.2 showing the relationship between air pressure and wind.Choose ONE term in brackets to make each of the following statements true.2.2.1We measure air pressure in (hectopascals/degrees).2.2.2Lines joining places of equal pressure are known as(isotherms/isobars).2.2.3The difference in pressure between two places is known as the(pressure gradient force/pressure force).2.2.4Winds always blow from a (2.2.4(a) low/high) pressure to a(2.2.4(b) high/low) pressure.2.2.5The isobaric interval on in the sketch is (four/eight) hectopascals.2.2.6Air that subsides on the surface of the earth creates a high pressure,and so (convergence/divergence) takes place.(7 x 1)(7)2.3 FIGURE 2.3 illustrates the position of the sun across the sky at two differentplaces in the southern hemisphere.2.3.1Define the term insolation.(1 x 1)(1)2.3.2The amount of insolation is dependent on latitude and the seasons. Listwhich ONE of the factors is illustrated in FIGURE 2.3.(1 x 1)(1)State the factor in FIGURE 2.3 that determines the amount ofinsolation that the surface of the earth receives.(1 x 1)(1)2.3.4Name the heat zone of the earth that would be represented by X. (1 x 1)(1)2.3.5In FIGURE 2.3B the sun is not directly overhead and strikes the earthat an angle that is smaller than 90 . Explain how this will result in lessradiation at point Y.(2 x 2)(4)2.3.3Copyright reservedPlease turn over
8GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)2.4 Study FIGURE 2.4 which depicts the frequency of droughts occurring inSouthern African countries, measured over 50 years.2.4.1Interpret from the map the least spatial frequency of droughts on theeastern side of the map.(1 x 1)(1)According to the map which country has the highest frequency ofdroughts within 50 years?(1 x 1)(1)2.4.3How can droughts be triggered by human activities?(2 x 2)(4)2.4.4State the relationship between drought and global warming.(1 x 2)(2)2.4.5Explain how it is possible that countries with low annual averagerainfall have fewer droughts compared to countries with better averagerainfall.(2 x 2)(4)In a paragraph of approximately 8 lines outline the negative impact thatdrought has on the people of Southern Africa.(4 x 2)(8)2.4.22.4.62.5 FIGURE 2.5 illustrates asymmetrical ridges (topography associated withinclined rocks). Study the FIGURE and answer the questions.2.5.1Classify asymmetrical ridges A, B and C according to the angle of theirdip slope.(3 x 1)(3)2.5.2Name the type of rock associated with inclined rock strata.(1 x 1)(1)2.5.3Describe how this type of rock (answer in QUESTION 2.5.2) formsasymmetrical ridges.(2 x 2)(4)2.5.4Describe TWO characteristics of asymmetrical ridge A.(2 x 2)(4)2.5.5The THREE asymmetrical ridges illustrated in FIGURE 2.5 showpotential for human activities. Explain in a paragraph format(approximately 8 lines) how these asymmetrical ridges can be utilisedby humans.(4 x 2)(8)2.6 Study FIGURE 2.6 which depicts the various igneous intrusion forms to answerthe following questions.2.6.1Differentiate between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks.(2 x 1)(2)2.6.2Identify the igneous intrusive features labelled A, B and C.(3 x 1)(3)2.6.3Name ONE landform that may develop from features A and D eachwhen they are exposed to the earth’s surface.(2 x 1)(2)2.6.4Explain how a lopolith is formed.(2 x 2)(4)2.6.5Name ONE South African example of a lopolith.(1 x 1)(1)[75]Copyright reservedPlease turn over
SECTION B:9GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)DEVELOPMENT GEOGRAPHY AND RESOURCES ANDSUSTAINABILITYQUESTION 33.1 Read the statements below and determine if the statement refers to:MDC Most developed countriesLDC Least developed countriesNIC Newly industrialised countriesWrite the numbers 3.1.1–3.1.8 and write either MDC, LDC or NIC next to thequestion number. For example 3.1.9 MDC3.1.1Fast growing economies3.1.2High levels of poverty, weak economies3.1.3Growing economies, large informal sector3.1.4Access to services is excellent3.1.5These countries, according to the Brandt report, are mostly in the north3.1.6Colonialism had a major negative impact on these countries3.1.7Strong economies, high levels of employment3.1.8These countries favour export-led development(8 x 1)(8)3.2 Choose ONE term in brackets to make each of the following statements TRUE.3.2.1Wind power is (reliable/unreliable) throughout the year.3.2.2The (Kyoto protocol/COP17) signed in 2002 required countries toreduce greenhouse gas emissions.3.2.3To keep areas of the earth in their present condition untouched byhumans is known as (conservation/preservation).3.2.4The organic material in soil is known as (topsoil/humus).3.2.5(Deforestation/Afforestation) is tree planting on land that waspreviously wooded but has been cleared.3.2.6Hydro electricity is a (renewable/non-renewable) source of energy.3.2.7The power utility (Eskom/Koeberg) produces 95% of South Africa’selectrical energy.(7 x 1)Copyright reserved(7)Please turn over
10GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)3.3 Refer to the pie graph in FIGURE 3.3 showing you how a rural African womantraditionally spends her time.3.3.1State what you understand by gender roles.(1 x 1)(1)3.3.2Calculate what percentage of a rural African woman’s day is given torest according to the pie graph.(1 x 1)(1)According to the pie-chart, women in Africa are subjected to specificgender roles. Provide possible reasons why it is especially on theAfrican continent the case.(2 x 2)(4)In a paragraph format (approximately 8 lines) suggest some ways inwhich governments on the African continent can improve economicparticipation by women and improve their standard of living.(4 x 2)(8)3.3.33.3.43.4 Read through the case study in FIGURE 3.4 on the South African textileindustry.3.4.1Define the term globalisation.(1 x 1)(2)3.4.2List any TWO positive impacts of globalisation.(2 x 2)(4)3.4.3Provide reasons why the South African textile industry has had to closedown so many factories and businesses.(2 x 2)(4)Evaluate why China’s clothing exports has increased.(4)3.4.4(2 x 2)3.5 Read through the newspaper article Solar power changes villagers lives inFIGURE 3.5 and answer the following questions.3.5.1State what you understand by alternative energy.(1 x 1)(1)3.5.2Suggest a possible reason why ‘Eskom had no immediate plans toelectrify the village‘.(1 x 2)(2)Identify the device that will be used for converting solar power intoenergy in the village.(1 x 1)(1)Explain how electricity will help eradicate poverty for the villagers.(2 x 2)(4)In a paragraph of approximately 8 lines explain the benefits that solarenergy has for the world.(4 x 2)(8)3.5.33.5.43.5.5Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)11GEOGRAPHY P13.6 Refer to FIGURE 3.6 showing a simple soil profile and answer the questionsthat follow.3.6.1Match the horizons labelled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 with the followingalternatives.R-horizon; A-horizon; B-horizon; O-horizon; C-horizon(5 x 1)(5)Soil erosion is the loss of soil from the ground by water and wind.Deduce how deforestation contributed to soil erosion.(1 x 2)(2)3.6.3Analyse how rainfall contributes to the process of leaching.(6)3.6.4Justify how ‘fallowing’ can be used as an effective managementstrategy to prevent and control soil erosion.(2 x 2)3.6.2(3 x 2)(4)[75]QUESTION 44.1 Indicate whether each of the following statements are related to Renewable orNon-renewable energy sources:4.1.1Wind turbines that generate energy with wind4.1.2Special equipment, such as photovoltaic panels are used to captureenergy4.1.3Coal seams are often removed by open-pit or strip mining4.1.4Gas is a fossil fuel formed from plant matter4.1.5Eskom operates a number of hydro-electric power stations4.1.6Paper mills use millions of tons of sawdust and scrap wood to generateelectricity4.1.7Ethanol as a biofuel is made from food crops4.1.8Geothermal energy is energy gathered from the hot rocks below theearth’s surface(8 x 1)(8)4.2 Select from the list below a suitable term that matches the definition provided inQUESTION 4.1.1–4.1.7. Write only the number and correct answer.Protectionism; Trade bloc; Terms of trade; Liberalisation of trade; Capitalism;Balance of trade; Balance of payments; Tariff; Economic development4.2.1The relationship between the prices a country sells its exports for andthe prices it pays for its imports4.2.2The relationship between the value of a country’s exports and itsimportsCopyright reservedPlease turn over
12GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)4.2.3A financial summary of all the payments made by a country to the restof the world4.2.4A group of countries that have agreed to trade with one another4.2.5Tax collected by government on goods coming into a country4.2.6A control that restricts, restrains or supports trade to look after theinterests of a country4.2.7Allowing more freedom of trade(7 x 1)(7)4.3 FIGURE 4.3 is a cartoon depicting development and challenges in Africa.4.3.1List any TWO challenges depicted in the cartoon affecting Africa. (2 x 1)(2)4.3.2Interpret how the cartoonist illustrates these challenges affectingAfrica.(1 x 2)(2)Development aid has been seen as a possible solution to thechallenges faced in Africa. Explain what you understand by thisconcept.(1 x 2)(2)Explain why Africa continues to have these challenges despite being arecipient of development aid.(3 x 2)(6)The Ebola outbreak in West Africa claimed the lives of more than 5 000people in 2014. Write a paragraph (approximately 8 lines) in which youanalyse how humanitarian aid could prevent the spread of thedisease.(4 x 2)(8)4.3.34.3.44.3.54.4 Refer to FIGURE 4.4 showing the levels of development of the BRICScountries.4.4.1Why are the BRICS countries classified as less economicallydeveloped countries?(1 x 1)(1)Explain what you understand by GDP (Gross Domestic Product) percapita.(1 x 1)(1)Interpret why GDP growth rate rankings for India and China are sohigh.(1 x 2)(2)Suggest possible reasons why Russia would have the highest level ofeducation among the BRICS countries.(1 x 2)(2)4.4.5Name the development model shared by the BRICS countries.(1 x 1)(1)4.4.6Explain how the BRICS countries relate to this development model(your answer in QUESTION 4.4.5) on a global and national scale.(2 x 2)(4)4.4.24.4.34.4.4Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)13GEOGRAPHY P14.5 Refer to the newspaper extract in FIGURE 4.5 on nuclear power.4.5.1State what you understand by nuclear energy.(1 x 1)(1)4.5.2State why nuclear energy is a non-renewable source of energy. (1 x 1)(1)4.5.3Explain why South Africa’s national grid needs extra power.(2 x 2)(4)4.5.4In a paragraph of approximately 8 lines explain why you think DavidHallowes thinks that the R1tn nuclear deal is a disaster.(4 x 2)(8)4.6 FIGURE 4.6 shows resources needed by Africa’s people.4.6.1What are resources?(1 x 1)(1)4.6.2Identify any THREE natural resources in FIGURE 4.6.(3 x 1)(3)4.6.3Suggest TWO possible causes of resource exploitation evident in thediagram.(2 x 2)(4)4.6.4Explain how resources can be conserved for future generations. (3 x 2)(6)[75]TOTAL:225Copyright reservedPlease turn over
NATIONALSENIOR CERTIFICATEGRADE 11NOVEMBER 2015GEOGRAPHY P1ANNEXURE*IGEOGE3*This annexure consists of 10 pages.
2GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)FIGURE 1.3FIGURE 1.4Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)3FIGURE 1.5FIGURE 1.6Copyright reservedPlease turn over
4GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)FIGURE 2.2FIGURE 2.3Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)5FIGURE 2.4FIGURE 2.5Copyright reservedPlease turn over
6GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)FIGURE 2.6FIGURE 3.3Copyright reservedPlease turn over
(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)7GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)FIGURE 3.4SOUTH AFRICAN TEXTILE INDUSTRYThe South African textile industry, which is an important industry in our four major industrialareas, namely PWV (Gauteng), Durban, Cape Town and Port Elizabeth has had to adapt tothe global situation. The industry has imported fabrics to keep the marginalized factoriesopen. Between 2003 and 2005 some 67 000 jobs were lost and many factories andbusinesses were forced to close down.The South African industry has had to face China’s dominance in the textile industry andthe flood of cheap clothing being imported or sometimes entering the country illegally.(Source: DTI and just- style.com)FIGURE 3.5SOLAR POWER CHANGES VILLAGESThe days of cutting firewood for cooking and heating water are over for about 80 Xholobenivillagers in Mbizana who received solar panels and geysers from the Eastern Cape ruraldevelopment and agrarian reform department.The project was started earlier this year by former MEC Zoleka Capa as a means providingalternative energy to villagers after it was become known that power utility Eskom had noimmediate plans to electrify the village.The one-kilowatt solar panels provide the 80 households with enough energy for lights andto connect other household appliances and the 100-litre solar geyser ensure warm bath waterdaily.(Source: Daily Dispatch (28/07/2014) - Lulamile Feni)Copyright reservedPlease turn over
8GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)FIGURE 3.6Copyright reservedPlease turn over
9GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)FIGURE 4.3FIGURE 4.4 (Levels of Development)BrazilRussiaIndiaPeople’sRepublicof ChinaSouthAfricaPopulation5th9th2nd1st25thGDP growth 71stNumber of mobile phoneusers5th4th2nd1st25thRail Electricity ndicatorHuman Development IndexCopyright reservedPlease turn over
10GEOGRAPHY P1 (ANNEXURE)(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)FIGURE 4.5MIXED REACTIONS TO SA’S R1tn NUCLEAR POWER DEALEight new nuclear power reactors costing around R1-trillion will in the not-too-distant futureadd up to 96 gigawatts of power to South Africa’s national grid.Yesterday is was announced that South Africa signed a partnership agreement with Russia’sstate-owned nuclear company that will see Rosatom built reactors in Africa’s second-biggesteconomy.The agreement lays the foundation for a large-scale nuclear power-plant procurementprogramme. It will allow the country to implement its plan to create more nuclear capacity by2030, she said.Environment NGO Groundwork associate David Hallowes said: “I think it is an appallingdevelopment. If nuclear stations go wrong badly, disasters can be catastrophic.”(Source: Adapted from Daily Dispatch)FIGURE 4.6Copyright reservedPlease turn over
NATIONALSENIOR CERTIFICATEGRADE 11NOVEMBER 2015GEOGRAPHY P1MEMORANDUMMARKS:225This memorandum consists of 12 pages.
2GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)SECTION A: THE ATMOSPHERE AND GEOMOROHOLOGYQUESTION 11.1 t streamFohnMonsoonDegradedMaritime climateOrographicIntertropical Convergence zone(8 x 1)(8)1.2 1.2.11.2.21.2.31.2.41.2.51.2.61.2.7DGIBHCA(7 x 1)(7)1.3 1.3.1Planetary/Global/Primary winds(1 x 1)(1)Coriolis force(1 x 1)(1)It does not occur within 5 of the equatorIt is dependent on the strength of the wind/force is stronger whenthe wind is blowing fasterIt deflects the winds from their north-south directionThe higher the pressure gradient, the greater the deflection(Any 3 x 1)(3)At the equator warm air expands and rises in convection currentsAir from the subtropical high pressure regions are drawn towards thelow pressure to replace the rising air(2 x 1)(2)1.3.21.3.31.3.41.3.5Structural terraceBedding planeEscarpmentSheetwashPeneplainCanyonTectonic upliftHadley cellHot air rises from the surfaceThe risen air diverges in the upper air, moves poleward, andcoolsThe cooled air subsides at about 30 north and southAt the surface, the subsiding air diverges and some of the airreturns to the equatorFerrel cellAir subsides at 30 ; warms and diverges at the surfaceAt about 60 , poleward moving warmer air meets cold air from thepoleColder air forces warmer air to rise causing the polar front to form at60 north and southCopyright reservedPlease turn over
3GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)Convergence causes air to rise, in the upper air the rising airdivergesThe diverging air moves to the equator and then subsides at 30 north and southPolar cellCold air subsides over the poleIt meets warm air from the Ferrel cell at about 60 Converging air at 60 rises and moves polewards[ANY FOUR. MUST REFER TO ALL THREE CELLS. ACCEPT OTHERREASONABLE ANSWERS](Any 4 x 2)1.4 1.4.1(a)(b)(8)A – HighC – Low(2 x 1)(2)Cold(1 x 1)(1)1.4.24 hectopascals/millibars(1 x 1)(1)1.4.3Each long line represents 10 knots and each short line represents 5knots, therefore Cape Town has a wind speed of 15 knots and PE a windspeed of 10 knots(1 x 2)(2)1.4.4Marion island(1 x 1)(1)1.4.5The geostrophic wind blows parallel to the isobars at Marionisland(1 x 2)(2)1.4.61.5 1.5.11.5.2Temperature of 30 CDew point of 22 CWind direction of south west/south southwestWind speed of 10 knotsCloud cover of ¾No precipitationPressure gradient between 1012 and 1016 hectopascals(Any 4 x 1)(4)Mass movement refers to the downward movement of weatheredmaterial such as soil, stones and rocks on a slope as a result of the forceof gravity [CONCEPT](1 x 1)(1)(a)(b)Copyright reservedMudflow:High water contentsecondbetween 1 cm per second and 10 m per(2 x 1)(2)Rockfalls:Low water contentsecondbetween 1 m per second and 100 m per(2 x 1)(2)Please turn over
4GEOGRAPHY P11.5.31.5.41.6 1.6.1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)Thin soils are unstable as there is less vegetation hence themovement is fastUnconsolidated sandy soils move more easily downhill and themovement Is faster than thin soilsSoils which are not porous become saturated and move downhill fasterthan unconsolidated sandy soils(Any 2 x 2)(4)Valuable soil is lostIt takes years for vegetation to re-establish itselfHabitats for animals are destroyedForests and grasslands are destroyedLandslides and slumps can block river valleys and dam up riversSediment that reaches rivers reduces the quality of water, which canhave a negative impact on fish in riversLarge landslides and slumps can alter the shape of the land, causingslopes to recede, mountains to become lower and valleys to be builtup(Any 3 x 2)(6)Mesas1.6.2Composed of resistant,horizontally lying strata1.6.3C has a pointed top instead of a flat top(1 x 1)(1)(1 x 2)(2)(1 x 2)(2)(4 x 1)(4)1.6.41.6.5Copyright reservedLocation of escarpment changes over timeThe cap rock of flat topped hills is not easily erodedThe cap rock is undermined and eventually collapseA talus slope is formedTalus is chemically and mechanically weathered and removedthrough water and wind erosionThe process of undermining resumes(Any 4 x 2)(8)[75]Please turn over
5GEOGRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)QUESTION 22.1 2 2.2.12.2.22.2.32.2.42.2.52.2.62.3 2.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.4(8 x 1)(8)hectopascalsisobarspressure gradient(a) high pressure(b) low pressurefourdivergence(7 x 1)(7)Insolation is incoming solar radiationlatitudeThe angle at which the sun’s rays strike the earthTropical zone/Equatorial low(1 x 1)(1 x 1)(1 x 1)(1 x 1)(1)(1)(1)(1)The smaller the angle, the more atmosphere for the rays to passthroughThus more radiation gets lost through absorption or reflection andless will reach point YThe smaller the angle of the incoming rays, the greater the radiationis spread over the earth, and less energy is received at Y(Any 2 x 2)(4)2.3.52.4 2.4.12.4.2 10 years which is the least frequent(1 x 1)(1)DRC(1 x 1)(1)(Any 2 x 2)(4)Due to the abnormal conditions of higher temperatures on the earth’ssurface, certain areas have now become areas that experience droughtconditions(1 x 2)(2)Difference in population numbersBetter water management strategies(Accept any relevant answer)(4)2.4.32.4.42.4.5influence of gravity on a slope.form in horizontal layers.shape of the land.important tourist attractions.develop in well-jointed igneous rock.horizontal and uniformly resistant to erosion.exogenic forces.primary erosion slopes.Poor farming techniques (accept examples)DeforestationExtensive urban landscapesIncrease use of greenhouse gasesCopyright reserved(Any 2 x 2)Please turn over
6GEOGRAPHY P12.4.62.5 2.5.12.5.2Reduced crop production leads to famine and malnutritionPeople die from starvation and malnutritionMeat prices drop at first as farmers slaughter animals to avoid highercosts of feedMeat prices rise sharply as meat supplies become scarceProducts bought by farmers become more expensiveThe number of exports is reducedFood has to be imported/Food insecurityIndustries associated with farm products sufferJob losses in farming and industry result in more povertyThere is less income from tourismMore people move from rural areas to urban areasUrban overcrowding puts pressure on water resources in urbanareasPeople die from heat stressPuts strain on government financial resources as they have to importfood rather than use it on needy development projects(Accept any relevant answer)(Any 4 x 2)(8)A – CuestaB – Homoclinal ridgeC – Hogsback(3 x 1)(3)Sedimentary(1 x 1)(1)Inclined rocks with different resistance to erosionSoft rock erodes away more quickly than hard rock(2 x 2)(4)The dip slope is 10–25 to the horizontalFolding can result in cuesta basins and cuesta domes(2 x 2)(4)Farming can take place on dip slopesRoads and railways can be built parallel to these landscapesGaps or poorts between homoclinal ridges can be good sites tobuild damsCuesta basins yield artesian waterCuesta domes may contain oil and natural gas (fracking)Fertile valleys and plains between cuestas are suitable for humansettlementsThese ridges are used for forestry, tourism, recreation and natureconservationThese ridges can be used for defence purposes(Accept any relevant answer)(4 x 2)(8)2.5.32.5.42.5.5(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)Copyright reservedPlease turn over
2.6 2.6.12.6.22.6.3Intrusive igneous rocks form when molten magma solidifies deep belowthe surface while extrusive igneous rocks form when magmaflows/erupts onto the surface and solidifies rapidly due to contact withthe air(2 x 1)(2)A – BatholithB – LaccolithC – Pipe(3 x 1)(3)(1 x 1)(Any 1 x 1)(2)When magma is squeezed between layers of rock deepunderground, the heat and pressure of the large body of magmacauses the underlying rocks to sag.This allows the magma to cool and solidify in a dish slope or saucershape.(2 x 2)(4)A – Domes/TorsC – Structural GRAPHY P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)Bushveld lopolith/Bushveld igneous complexCopyright reserved(1 x 1)(1)[75]Please turn over
8GEOGRAPHY P1SECTION B:(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)DEVELOPMENT GEOGRAPHY AND RESOURCES ANDSUSTAINABILITYQUESTION 33.1 DCMDCLDCMDCNIC(8 x 1)(8)3.2 3.2.13.2.23.2.33.2.43.2.53.2.63.2.7UnreliableKyoto om(7 x 1)(7)3.3 3.3.1Activities that a given society considers appropriate for men andwomen[CONCEPT](1 x 1)(1)13.3.233 3 %(1 x 1)(1)3.3.3Tradition dictates that women are responsible for growing andproducing foodWomen are frequently excluded from decision makingWomen are excluded from higher education and learningWomen have less access to resources like employmentWo
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 11 NOVEMBER 2015 GEOGRAPHY P1 MARKS: 225 TIME: 3
Teacher of Grade 7 Maths What do you know about a student in your class? . Grade 7 Maths. University Grade 12 Grade 11 Grade 10 Grade 9 Grade 8 Grade 7 Grade 6 Grade 5 Grade 4 Grade 3 Grade 2 Grade 1 Primary. University Grade 12 Grade 11 Grade 10 Grade 9 Grade 8 Grade 7 Grade 6 Grade 5 . Learning Skill
GRADE 11 NOVEMBER 2013 GEOGRAPHY P1 ANNEXURE MARKS: 225 TIME: 3 hours . GEOGRAPHY P1 3 FIGURE 1.4 FIGURE 1.5. 4 GEOGRAPHY P1 (NOVEMBER 2013) FIGURE 2.2 FIGURE 2.3 CASE STUDY DROUGHT AND FAMINE IN THE HORN OF AFRICA A prolonged drought in East Africa in 2011 has had devastating effects on . Grade 11 Geography Paper 1 Annexure (Nov)
Grade 4 NJSLA-ELA were used to create the Grade 5 ELA Start Strong Assessment. Table 1 illustrates these alignments. Table 1: Grade and Content Alignment . Content Area Grade/Course in School Year 2021 – 2022 Content of the Assessment ELA Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8
systematic geography is divided into four main branches. GEOGRAPHY MODULE - 1 The study of Geography as a discipline Notes 5 Nature of Geography as a discipline (i) Physical geography, (ii) Biogeography, including environmental geography, (iii) Human geography, (iv) Geographical methods and techniques
B. Geography . 3 H u m a n / P h y s i c a l TEACHER’S NOTE: Prior to the comple-1. Elements of geography . Geography tion of the two-year global history and a. Human geography . Movement of . geography program, students should . b. Physical geography . People and have a clear understanding of the human c. Political geography . Goods . and .
Math Course Progression 7th Grade Math 6th Grade Math 5th Grade Math 8th Grade Math Algebra I ELEMENTARY 6th Grade Year 7th Grade Year 8th Grade Year Algebra I 9 th Grade Year Honors 7th Grade Adv. Math 6th Grade Adv. Math 5th Grade Math 6th Grade Year 7th Grade Year 8th Grade Year th Grade Year ELEMENTARY Geome
GEOG 100 Introduction to Physical Geography GEOG-101 (3) Physical Geography GEOG 200 World Regional Geography GEOG-108 (3) World Regional Geography GEOG xxx General Education Social Science GEOG-102 (3) GEOG-107 (3) GEOG-111 (3) Cultural Geography Urban Geography Geography of California HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION HSA 205 Intro to the .
4 Syllabus Paper-II : Human Geography Section-A Definition, aims and scope of Human Geography, relation of Human Geography with other social sciences. Principles of Human Geography. Essential facts of Human Geography according to Brunhes and Huntington. Schools of thought in Human Geography : Determinism, Stop and go determinism and
