By Jake Bodart
By Jake Bodart
Motivation for studyingBrief summary of MangrovesLiterature findings on dispersalPopulation Ecology principles of mangrovedispersalConclusion of literature and future studies
Mangrove habitats provide buffering againststorms/ hurricanesPrevents soil erosion and builds land/islands.Provide vital habitat for marine and terrestrialorganisms. Ex. 75-90% of marine fauna with commercial andrecreational purposes in Puerto Rico depend onmangroves at some phase of their life (noaa.gov).Mangrove habitats spread through dispersal
3 typesRhizophora mangle(Red mangroves) Avicennia germinans(Black Mangroves) Laguncularia racemosa(White mangroves) Convergent evolution Salt secretionVivipary(Shi et al. 2004)
Mangroves can live in a range from freshwater tosaltwater.High stress environment due to salinity and floodingTemperature limited – can’t withstand many freezethaw cyclesRed mangrove – typically dominant in monospecificstands along shorelines and creek banks with frequentinundation (McKee 1995)Black mangrove – dominant in interior sites, tidalinundation is less frequentWhite mangrove- extensive stands at highest reaches ofthe tide (flooding and salinity are minimized)(McKee 1995) (McKee 1995)
Red (Rhizophora mangle), Black(Avicennia germinans), arevivipariousWhite mangroves (Lagunculariaracemosa) are precociousgermination (Tomlinson 1986)Once mature propagules fallfrom the mother tree anddisperse through water. Red: 40 days dispersal then 15days for roots to growBlack: At least 14 days dispersalthen 7 days for rootsWhite: 8 days dispersal 5 days forroots (Rabinowitz 1978)
Propagule predation (minimum)Man made structuresDykes Impoundments Destruction of mangrove forests Coastal development
Propagules are pioneersModel of Island biogeography(Tomlinson 1986)Dispersal rate Distance dispersed and size of colony Propagules are R selected in finding habitat(Tomlinson 1986) Fast growth and establishmentMangrove trees themselves are k-selected inmaintaining their habitats“Mangroves have their cake and eat it!”(Tomlinson 1986) (Tomlinson 1986)
Mangrove habitats are important to aquaticand terrestrial organisms as well as importantto our wallets. Fish industryMangrove habitats expand and maintain theirhabitats through dispersalAs climate change happens mangroves candisperse further north - increase in habitat
McKee, Karen L. "Seedling Recruitment Patterns in a BelizeanMangrove Forest: Effects of Establishment Ability and Physicochemical Factors." Oecologia 101 (1995): 448-60.Springer. SpringerVerlag. Web. 20 Apr. 2013.Rabinowitz, Deborah. "Dispersal Properties of MangrovePropagules." Biotropica 10.1 (1978): 47-57. JSTOR. The Associationfor Tropical Biology and Conservation. Web. 20 Apr. 2013.Shi, Suhua, Yelin Huang, Kai Zeng, Fengxiao Tan, Hanghang He,Jianzi Huang, and Yunxin Fu. "Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ofMangroves: Independent Evolutionary Origins of Vivipary andSalt Secretion." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 34 (2005): 15966. Science Direct. ELSEVIER. Web. 20 Apr. 2013.The U.S. Caribbean Region Wetlands and Fish a Vital Connection. SilverSpring: NOAA, Www.nmfs.noaa.gov/habitat. National Oceanic andAtmospheric Administration.Tomlinson, P. B. The Botany of Mangroves. Cambridge Cambridgeshire:Cambridge UP, 1986. Print.
The Botany of Mangroves. Cambridge Cambridgeshire: Cambridge UP, 1986. Print. Title: Dispersal of Mangroves
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GolfTEC Cascade Station Jake Bader - PGA Member, Director of Instruction, Center Manager Jake is a second generation PGA member, instructing and coaching golf since the age of 15. Jake has a very high success rate and has helped his students achieve some remarkable goals. Jake uses a comprehensive
GolfTEC Cascade Station, Portland Jake Bader - PGA Member, Director of Instruction Jake is a second generation PGA member, instructing and coaching golf since the age of 15. Jake has a very high success rate and has helped his students achieve some remarkable goals. Jake uses a comprehensive approach when it comes to golf instruction.
GolfTEC, Cascade Station Jake Bader - PGA Member, Director of Instruction, Center Manager Jake is a second generation PGA member, instructing and coaching golf since the age of 15. Jake has a very high success rate and has helped his students achieve some remarkable goals. Jake uses a com-
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