Muslim And The Islamic Empire - Stjoeshs
Muslim and the IslamicEmpire
Topic 8 – The Muslim World (730 B.C.- 1500 CE)
Islam Timeline
Geography of Islam
Modern Islamic World
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Islam – The life of MuhammadRead chapter 8.1 and answer the following questions aboutMuhammad (page 177 of E-Book)(Muhammad’s Early Life and Muhammad the Messenger)1. Muhammad’s Early life:- Where was he born?- What kind of work did he do early in his life?- How would people who knew him describe him?2. What event led Muhammad to become the founder of the Muslimfaith?
Islam – The life of MuhammadRead chapter 8.1 and answer the following questions about Muhammad(The Hijra: From Mecca to Medina)3. Muhammad’s journey to Medina:- Why did Muhammad undertake the journey known as the hijra?- What changed to cause Islam to grow, once Muhammad reached Medina?4. Muhammad faced opposition from people in what city? How did thesepeople these people and their city end up being treated?
Islam – The life of MuhammadRead chapter 8.1 and answer the following questions aboutMuhammad(Teachings of Islam)5. Name some of the similarities between Islam and Judaism andChristianity.6. What are the 5 pillars of Islam?
Other Information about IslamQuran – Sacred Book of Islam- Revealed to Muhammad (greatest prophet)- Guide to life: Ethical standards- Sets penalties for crimesMosque – where Muslims prayThe 5 PillarsSharia Law – Body of law interpreted from the Quran
The Muslim EmpireMuhammad died in 632 CENeeded to pick a Caliph – “A successor to Muhammad”Two possible Choices:- Abu Bakr – Muhammad’s father-in-law- Ali – Muhammad’s son-in-lawAbu Bakr and his military campaigns
The Muslim EmpireAbu Bakr – Units Arabs under Islam, expands the empireThe next several caliphs continue to expand the empire, taking parts ofthe Byzantine empire and the Middle EastTwo different sects of IslamSunni (90%) – Followed Abu Bakr (Just needed a “good” Muslim to lead)Shiite (10%) – Wanted Ali as caliph (follow Muhammad’s bloodline)Common religion (Islam) and Language (Arabic)
Umayyad CaliphsUmayyad Caliphs:- Sunni Muslims- Ruled until 750- Capital: Syria- Captured Spain and Morocco- Defeated by the Franks (Charles “the Hammer” Martel) keeps themout of FranceTaxed but tolerated other religions
Umayyads CaliphsSwept across North Africa- Began the slave trade in the 7th and 8th Centuries, selling WestAfricans into North Africa- Tensions with the Shiite Muslims and the end of their conquests leadto the decline of the Umyyad Caliphate
Abbasid DynastyAbu al-AbbasShiite descended from Muhammad’s uncleTakes Damascus (Umayyad capital) in 750This dynasty lasts until 1258!!Empire based on equality of MuslimsMoved the capital to BaghdadControlled the old Umayyad empire, except Spain
Islam Timeline
Abbasid Dynasty Power diminishes; Empire fragments Seljuk Turks controlled the empireThey threatened Constantinople, preventing Christian pilgrims fromtravelling to the Holy Land, resulting in .The Crusades
The Muslim WorldWhile the dynastyfragmented, those landsremained Muslim under theirnew leaders, even expandinginto new places
Muslim AchievementsIslam Spreads- Trade- Agriculture- Social Status- Literature/Art/Architecture
Islam SpreadsIslam spreads and has an impact .- Contact with Europeans- Ideas Spread- Cultural Diffusion
Islamic TradeIslamic Traders are prosperous andhighly regarded (Muhammed)Trading Network- Caravans- North Africa & Asia (Silk Road)Trade Spreads Ideas- Arabic Numbers- Converts to Islam- Money Economy (banks, checks)- New Goods (Guild System)
Arabic Numbers
Other AchievementsAgriculture – IrrigationSocial Structure – More social Mobility- But they do keep slaves
Literature/Art/ArchitectureLiterature- Oral Poetry Themes – Chivalry, Romance of nomadic life- Storytelling Thousand and One NightsArchitecture- Mosque reflect religious practicesKnowledge- Study the Quran (boys and some girls)- Algebra- Medicine (pass a test, phsycology)
Sharia Law –Body of law interpreted from the Quran. The Muslim Empire Muhammad died in 632 CE . They threatened Constantinople, preventing Christian pilgrims from travelling to the Holy Land, resulting in . The Crusades. T
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Chính Văn.- Còn đức Thế tôn thì tuệ giác cực kỳ trong sạch 8: hiện hành bất nhị 9, đạt đến vô tướng 10, đứng vào chỗ đứng của các đức Thế tôn 11, thể hiện tính bình đẳng của các Ngài, đến chỗ không còn chướng ngại 12, giáo pháp không thể khuynh đảo, tâm thức không bị cản trở, cái được
The Evolution of Islamic Banking System in Muslim countries: Before describing the evolution of the Islamic banking it is important to understand what Islamic banking is and what are its principles or features. 1.1) What is Islamic Banking? Islamic Banking is banking or financing activity that is based on Shariah (Islamic Law) and all
Islamic Grave Voodoo 57 Allah Will Grow Humans from their Graves 57 Islamic Interrogation in Graves 58 Islamic Torment in Graves 59 Islamic Rewards in Graves 61 CHAPTER 8 63 Islamic Medicine Voodoo 63 Islamic Cauterizing and Cupping 63 The Qur'an and Honey are Cures for All Illness 65
