QUADRANT MACHINISTS HANDBOOK - Engineered Plastics
QUADRANTMACHINISTSHANDBOOKMachining Plastics Made Easy800-366-0300quadrantplastics.comFind us online @quadrantepp
PLASTICSADVANCEDPLASTIC & POLYMERINNOVATORSOVERVIEWTHE WORLD’S LEADING MANUFACTURER OF PLASTIC STOCK SHAPESPlastics increasingly replace traditional materials such as bronze, stainless steel, cast iron and ceramics.They are chosen for improved performance and cost reductions.PLASTICS CAN :/ Reduce weight/ Eliminate corrosion/ Improve wear performancein unlubricated conditions/ Reduce noise/ Increase part life/ Insulate & isolate, boththermally & electricallyTypical applications include extreme high tech markets like Aerospace, Alternative Energy, Automotive, Chemical, Oil & Gas Processing,Defense, Food Processing & Packaging, Heavy & Industrial Equipment, Medical & Life Sciences, Semiconductor & Electronics, and Transportation.Machinable plastic stock shapes (sheet, rod, and tubular bar) are now available in more than 50 grades, spanning the performance/price range ofboth ferrous and non-ferrous metals to specialty ceramics. Plastics capable of long term service up to 800 F (425 C), with short term exposuresto 1,000 F (540 C) are now available. As the number of material options has increased, so has the difficulty of selecting the right material for aspecific application.800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
Fabrication Guidelines . 3Machinability. 9Drilling Guidelines. 11Troubleshooting - Drilling . 13Sawing Guidelines . 15End Milling/ Slotting Guidelines . 17Face Milling . 19Troubleshooting - Turning & Boring . 21Troubleshooting - Cutting Off . 22Turning Guidelines . 23Annealing . 25Air Annealing Guidelines . 27Diagrams . 31Conversions . 33Notes. 35TABLE OFCONTENTSPlease Return Email:2
FABRICATION GUIDELINESThe following guidelines are presented for thosemachinists not familiar with the machiningcharacteristics of plastics. They are intendedas guidelines only and may not represent themost optimum conditions for all parts. Thetroubleshooting quick reference guides in thisbooklet should be used to correct undesirablesurface finishes or material responses duringmachining operations.All Quadrant materials are stress relieved toensure highest degree of machinability anddimensional stability. However, the relativesoftness of plastics (compared to metals)generally results in greater difficulty maintainingtight tolerances during and after machining.A good rule of thumb for tolerances of plasticparts is /- .001 per inch of dimension althoughtighter tolerances are possible with very stable,reinforced materials.3WHEN MACHINING QUADRANT STOCKSHAPES REMEMBER.GETTING STARTED Thermal expansion is up to 10x greater withplastics than metals Positive tool geometries with groundperipheries are recommended Plastics lose heat more slowly than metals, soavoid localized overheating Carbide tooling with ground topsurfaces is suggested for optimum toollife and surfaces finish. Polycrystallinediamond tooling provides optimumsurface finish when machiningDuratron PBI. Softening (and melting) temperatures of plasticsare much lower than metals Plastics are much more elastic than metalsBecause of these differences, you may wishto experiment with fixtures, tool materials,angles, speeds and feed rates to obtainoptimum results. Use adequate chip clearance toprevent clogging Adequately support the material to restrictdeflection away from the cutting tool800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
COOLANTSCoolants are generally not required for mostmachining operations (not including drillingand parting off). However, for optimumsurface finishes and close tolerances,non-aromatic, water soluble coolants aresuggested. Spray mists and pressurizedair are very effective means of cooling thecutting interface. General purpose petroleumbased cutting fluids, although suitable formany metals and plastics, may contributeto stress cracking of amorphous plasticssuch as Quadrant PC 1000, Quadrant PSU,Duratron U1000 PEI, and Quadrant PPSU.MACHINING TIPSCoolants are strongly suggested during drillingoperations, especially with notch sensitivematerials such as Ertalyte PET-P,Duratron PAI, Duratron PBI and glassor carbon reinforced products.In addition to minimizing localized partheat-up, coolants prolong tool life. Two (flood)coolants suitable for most plastics are TrimE190 and Trim Sol LC SF (Master ChemicalCorporation – Perrysburg, OH).4
FABRICATION GUIDELINESTHREADING & TAPPINGThreading should be done by singlepoint using a carbide insert andtaking four to five 0.001 passes atthe end. Coolant usage is suggested.For tapping, use the specified drillwith a two flute tap. Remember tokeep the tap clean of chip build-up.Use of a coolant during tapping isalso suggested.5MILLINGSufficient fixuring allows fast table travel andhigh spindle speeds when end milling plastics.When face milling, use positive geometry cutterbodies.SAWINGBand sawing is versatile for straight,continuous curves or irregular cuts. Tablesaws are convenient for straight cuts andcan be used to cut multiple thicknesses andthicker cross sections up to 4 with adequatehorsepower. Saw blades should be selectedbased upon material thickness and surfacefinish desired.800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
SAWING TIPS Rip and combination blades with a 0º tooth rake and 3º to 10º tooth set are best for generalsawing in order to reduce frictional heat. Hollow ground circular saw blades without set will yield smooth cuts up to 3/4 thickness. Tungsten carbide blades wear well and provide optimum surface finishes.6
DRILLINGThe insulating characteristics of plastics requireconsideration during drilling operations,especially when hole depths are greater thantwice the diameter.Small diameter holes (1/32 to 1 diameter)High speed steel twist drills are generallysufficient for small holes. To improve swarf removal,frequent pulling out (peck drilling) is suggested.A slow spiral (low helix) drill will allow for betterswarf removal.Large diameter holes (1 diameter & larger)A slow spiral (low helix) drill or general purpose drillbit ground to 118º point angle with 9º to 15º lipclearance is recommended. The lip rake should beground (dubbed off) and the web thinned.7It is generally best to drill a pilot hole(maximum 1/2 diameter) using 600 to1,000 rpm and a positive feed of 0.005 to 0.015 per revolution. Avoid handfeeing because of the drill grabbingwhich can result in microcracks forming.Secondary drilling at 400 to 500 rpmat 0.008 to 0.020 per revolution isrequired to expand the hole to largerdiameters.TIP : 1. Drill a 1 diameter hole using aninsert drill at 500 to 800 rpm witha feed rate of 0.005 to 0.015 per revolution.2. Bore the hole to final dimensionsusing a boring bar with carbide insertwith 0.015 to 0.030 radii at 500 to1,000 rpm and a feed rate of 0.005to 0.101 per revolution.A two step process using both drillingand boring can be use on notchsensitive materials such as Ertalyte PET-P and glass reinforced materials.This minimizes heat build-up andreduces the risk of cracking.800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
TURNINGTurning operations require inserts with positive geometries and ground peripheries.Ground peripheries and polished top surfaces generally reduce material build-upon the insert, improving the attainable surface finish. A fine grained C-2carbide is generally best for turning operations.8
9111105566687223111577611212335536Duratron CU60 PBIDuratron T4203 PAIDuratron T4301 PAIDuratron T4501 PAIDuratron T4503 PAIDuratron T4540 PAIDuratron T5530 PAIDuratron U1000 PEI & U2300 PEIErtalyte PET-PErtalyte TX PET-PFluorosint MT01Fluorosint 500 PTFEFluorosint 207 PTFEFluorosint HPVKetron 1000 PEEKKetron GF30 PEEKKetron CF30 PEEKKetron HPV PEEKNylatron MC901 PA6 & MC907 PA6Nylatron GS PA66 & GSM PA6Nylatron GSM Blue PA6 & NSM PA6Quadrant Nylon 101 PA66Quadrant PC 1000Quadrant PSUQuadrant PPSUTechtron CM PSBG PPSTechtron PSBG PPSTechtron PPSTechtron HPV PPSRELATIVE MACHINABILITY(1 to 10: 1 Easiest)Acetron GP POM-CAcetron POM-H, Acetron AFAcetron AF BlendMATERIALMACHINABILITY800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
EI480PEEKSEMITRONMATERIALS490 HRPEEKFollowguidelinesformostsimilarbase resin500 HRPTFE520 HRPAIBASECMPLL5 RESIN PET225 XL20POM-CCMPPAI410CPEI420PEI420VPEI480PEEK490 HRPEEK500 HRPTFE520 HRPAICMP LL5PETCMP s.com36Techtron PPSTechtron HPV PPS
DRILLING GUIDELINESSymalit Proteus PP, Quadrant PC 1000,TIVAR UHMW-PE, Nylatron PA6, Quadrant PSU, Quadrant PPSU Ertalyte PET-P PVDF and ECTFEAcetron POM based materials and Duratron PEI based materials based materials based materialsNominalHoleDiameterFeedIn./Rev.111/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"0.007 to 0.0150.015 to 0.0250.020 to 0.0500.007 - 0.0150.015 - 0.0250.020 - 0.0500.002 - 0.0050.015 - 0.0250.020 - 0.0500.002 - 0.0050.015 - 0.0250.020 - 0.050800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
Duratron PAIand Duratron PIbased materials1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"1/16" to 1/4"1/2" to 3/4"1" to 2"0.002 - 0.0050.004 - 0.0080.008 - 0.0120.007 - 0.0150.015 - 0.0250.020 - 0.0500.007 - 0.0150.015 - 0.0250.020 - 0.0500.007 - 0.0150.015 - 0.0250.020 - 0.050TIP :Duratron PBIbased materials1/2" or largerTIPKetron PEEK Fluorosint PTFE (1) Techtron PPSbased materialsbased materialsbased materials0.015 - 0.025Smaller diameter holes High speed twist drills Peck drill suggestedLarger diameter holes Drill pilot hole Use slow speed spiraldrills or inserted drills(1) For Fluorosint MT01 PTFE contact Quadrant’s Technical Service Team12
13COMMON CAUSE1. Drill ground off-center2. Web too thick3. Insufficient clearance4. Feed rate too heavy5. Point angle too great1. Dull drill2. Too much clearance3. Point angle too smallOVERSIZE HOLESUNDERSIZE HOLES1. Feed too heavy2. Spindle speed too slow3. Drill enters next piece too far4. Cut-off tool leaves nib, HOLES NOTwhich deflects drillCONCENTRIC5. Web too thick6. Drill speed too heavy at start7. Drill not mounted on center8. Drill not sharpened correctly1. Feed too heavy2. Drill not centered3. Drill ground off-centerFEED MARKS ORSPIRAL LINES ONINSIDE DIAMETER1. Feed too heavyCHIPPING OF2. Clearance too greatSURFACES3. Too much rake (thin web as described)1. Too much clearance2. Feed lightCHATTER3. Drill overhang too great4. Too much rake (thin web as described)BURNT OR MELTEDSURFACE1. Wrong type drill2. Incorrectly sharpened drill3. Feed too light4. Dull drill5. Web too thick6. Not peck drillingTAPERED HOLE1. Incorrectly sharpened drill2. Insufficient clearance3. Feed too heavyDIFFICULTYDRILLING800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
1. Dull cut-off toolBURR AT CUT-OFF2. D rill does not pass completely through piece1. Feed too light of drillRAPID DULLING2. Spindle speed too fastOF DRILL3. Insufficient lubrication from coolantNOTES14
SAWING GUIDELINESTIVAR UHMW-PE, Proteus PP, Quadrant PC 1000,Nylatron PA6,Quadrant PSU,Acetron POMQuadrant PPSU andbased materialsDuratron PEI based materialsMaterialThicknessBand SpeedsFt./Min.PitchTeeth/In.Tooth Form15 .5" .5"-1.0"1.0"-3.0" 3.0"Symalit PVDF and ECTFEbased materialsErtalyte PET-Pbased materials .5".5"-1.0"1.0"-3.0" 3.0" .5" .5"-1.0" 1.0"-3.0" 3.0" .5".5"-1.0"1.0"-3.0" ecisionButressPrecisionButress800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
Ketron PEEKbased materials .5".5"-1.0" 1.0"-3.0"4,0003,5003,00010-146-83PrecisionButress 3.0" .5"2,500 3,000310-14.5"-1.0"1.0"-3.0" 3.0" ButressDuratron PAIand Duratron PIbased materialsTechtron PPSbased materialsFluorosint PTFE (1)based materials.5"-1.0" 1.0"-3.0"Precision 3.0" .5"3,5003,0005,0004,3003310-146-8Butress recisionButress.5"-1.0" 1.0"-3.0"PrecisionDuratron PBIbased materialsButress(1) For Fluorosint MT01 PTFE contact Quadrant’s Technical Service Team16
END MILLING/SLOTTING GUIDELINESTIVAR UHMW-PE,Nylatron PA6,Acetron POMbased materialsProteus PP, Quadrant PC 1000,Quadrant PSU,Quadrant PPSU andDuratron PEI based materialsErtalyte PET-Pbased materialsSymalit PVDF and ECTFEbased materials1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", Feet/Min.270 - 450300 - 500270 - 450300 - 500270 - 450300 - 500270 - 450300 - 500Feed,In./Tooth0.002, 0.003, 0.005,0.008, 0.001, 0.002, 0.0040.002, 0.003, 0.005,0.008, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004RecommendCarbideDepthof Cut170.002, 0.003, 0.005,0.002, 0.003, 0.005,0.008, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004 0.008, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
MILLING TIPSClimb milling is recommended over conventional milling (See Figure 1, Page 31).Duratron PAIand Duratron PIbased materialsKetron PEEKbased materialsFluorosint PTFE (1)based materialsTechtron PPSbased materials1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"0.1500.0600.1500.0600.1500.0600.0350.015500 - 750500 - 700550 - 7501300 - 15001500 - 2000500 - 800250 - 3500.0200.0050.0100.0050.0200.0050.006 - 0.0350.002 - 0.006Duratron PBIbased materials1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2", 1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 2",1/4", 1/2", 3/4"1/4", 1/2", 3/4"(1) For Fluorosint MT01 PTFE contact Quadrant’s Technical Service Team18
FACE MILLING (C-2, Carbide Tool)Proteus PP, Quadrant PC 1000,Quadrant PSU,Quadrant PPSU andDuratron PEI based materialsErtalyte PET-Pbased peed,Feet/Min.1300 - 15001500 - 20001300 - 15001500 - 20001300 - 15001500 - 20001300 - 15001500 - 0200.005TIVAR UHMW-PE,Nylatron PA6,Acetron POMbased materialsDepthof Cut19Symalit PVDF and ECTFEbased materials800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
MILLING TIPSClimb milling is recommended over conventional milling (See Figure 1, Page 31).Duratron PAIDuratron PBIFluorosint PTFE (1)Techtron PPSand Duratron PIKetron d materialsbased materials1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”, 1”, 2”, 1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”, 1”, 2”, 1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”, 1”, 2”, 1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”, 1”, 2”, 1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”, 1”, 2”,1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”1/4”, 1/2”, 3/4”0.1500.060500 - 7500.0200.0050.1500.060500 - 700550 - 7500.0100.0050.1500.0601300 - 15001500 - 20000.0200.0050.0350.015500 - 800250 - 3500.006 - 0.0350.002 - 0.006(1) For Fluorosint MT01 PTFE contact Quadrant’s Technical Service Team20
21Too much nose radius on toolTool not mounted solidlyMaterial not supported properlyWidth of cut too wide (use 2 cuts)Cracking orChipping ofCorners1.2.3.4.1. Too much positive rake on tool2. Tool not eased into cut(tool suddenly hits work)3. Dull tool4. Tool mounted below center5. Sharp point on tool(slight nose radius required)Burrs at Edgeof CutChatter1. No chamfer provided atsharp corners2. Dull tool3. Insufficient side clearance4. Lead angle not provided ontool (tool should ease out ofcut gradually, not suddenly)Tool dull or heel rubbingInsufficient side clearanceFeed rate too slowSpindle speed too fast1. Feed too heavy2. Incorrect clearance angles3. Sharp point on tool(slight nose radius required)4. Tool not mounted on center1.2.3.4.COMMON CAUSERough FinishMelted SurfaceDIFFICULTYTURNING & BORINGNOTES800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
Burrs on OutsideDiameterNibs or Burrsat Cut-off Point1. No chamber before cut-offdiameter2. Dull tool1. Point angle not great enough2. Tool dull3. Feed too heavyPoint angle too greatTool not perpendicular to spindleTool deflectingFeed too heavyTool mounted above orbelow center1. Tool rubs during its retreat2. Burr on point of toolSpiral Marks1.2.3.4.5.1. Feed too heavy2. Tool improperly sharpened3. Cutting edge not honedRough FinishConcave orConvex Surfaces1. Dull tool2. Insufficient side clearance3. Insufficiant coolant supplyCOMMON CAUSEMelted SurfaceDIFFICULTYCUTTING OFFNOTES22
TURNING GUIDELINES (C-2, Carbide Tool)TIVAR UHMW-PE,Nylatron PA6,Acetron POMbased materialsErtalyte PET-Pbased materialsSymalit PVDF and ECTFEbased materials0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cutSpeed,Feet/Min.500 - 600600 - 700500 - 600600 - 700500 - 600600 - 700500 - 600600 - 700Feed,In./Tooth0.010 - 0.0150.004 - 0.0070.010 - 0.0150.004 - 0.0070.010 - 0.0150.004 - 0.0070.010 - 0.0150.004 - 0.007Depthof Cut23Proteus PP, Quadrant PC 1000,Quadrant PSU,Quadrant PPSU andDuratron PEI based materials800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
TURNING TIPSInserts with positive geometries and ground peripheries Use Recommended Turning Tooling Geometry (See Figure 2, page 32).Fluorosint PTFE (1)based materialsTechtron PPSbased materialsDuratron PAIand Duratron PIbased materialsDuratron PBIbased materials0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.150" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.025" deep cut0.025" deep cut350 - 500500 - 600600 - 1000600 - 700100 - 300250 - 500300 - 800150 - 2250.010 - 0.0150.003 - 0.0080.010 - 0.0160.004 - 0.0070.010 - 0.0200.005 - 0.0100.004 - 0.0250.015 - 0.250.002 - 0.006Ketron PEEKbased materials(1) For Fluorosint MT01 PTFE contact Quadrant’s Technical Service Team24
ANNEALINGWHEN SHOULD PARTS BE ANNEALEDAFTER MACHINING TO ENSURE OPTIMUMPART PERFORMANCE?Experience has shown us that very few machined plastic parts requireannealing after machining to meet dimensional or performance requirements.All Quadrant stock shapes are annealed using a proprietary stress relieving cycleto minimize any internal stresses that may result from the manufacturing process.This assures you that the material will remain dimensionally stable during andafter machining.Machined-in stress can reduce part performance and lead to premature partfailure. To prevent machined-in stress, it is important to identify the causes.25MACHINED-IN STRESS IS CREATED BY: Using dull or improperly designed tooling Excessive heat – generated frominappropriate speeds and feed rates Machining away large volumes of material –usually from one side of the stock shapeTo reduce the potential for machined-in stress,review the fabrication guidelines for the specificmaterial. Recognize that guidelines change asthe material type changes.800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
POST MACHININGBENEFITS OF POST-MACHINING ANNEALINGIMPROVED CHEMICAL RESISTANCEPolycarbonate, polysulfone, and Duratron PEI,like many amorphous (transparent) plasticsmay be annealed to minimize stress crazing.Duratron PAI also benefits from postmachining annealing. Annealing finished partsbecomes more important as machining volumeincreases. Annealing after machining reduces machined-in stresses that can contribute topremature failure.BETTER FLATNESS AND TIGHTERTOLERANCE CAPABILITYExtremely close–tolerance parts requiringprecision flatness and non-symmetricalcontour sometimes require intermediateannealing between machining operations.Improved flatness can be attained by roughmachining, annealing and finish machiningwith a very light cut. Balanced machining onboth sides of the shape centerline can alsohelp prevent warpage.IMPROVED WEAR RESISTANCEExtruded or injection molded Duratron PAI parts that require high PV’s or the lowestpossible wear factor benefit from an additionalcure after machining. This curing processoptimizes the wear properties. Only Duratron PAI benefits from such a cycle.26
POST MACHINING AIR ANNEALING GUIDELINES27MATERIALHEAT UPHOLDType 6 Nylons4 hours to 300 F30 minutes per 1/4” ThicknessType 6/6 Nylons4 hours to 350 F30 minutes per 1/4” ThicknessErtalyte PET-P4 hours to 350 F30 minutes per 1/4” ThicknessAcetron GP POM-C4 hours to 310 F30 minutes per 1/4” Thickness Acetron POM-H4 hours to 320 F30 minutes per 1/4” ThicknessQuadrant PC 10004 hours to 275 F30 minutes per 1/4” ThicknessQuadrant PSU4 hours to 330 F30 minutes per 1/4” Thickness800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
COOL DOWNENVIRONMENT50 F per hourOil or Nitrogen50 F per hourOil or Nitrogen50 F per hourOil or Nitrogen50 F per hourNitrogen or Air50 F per hourNitrogen or Air50 F per hourAir50 F per hourAirTIP : Ensure parts are fixturedto desired shape or flatness. Do not unfixture until partshave completed entire cycleand are cool to the touch. Do not take short-cuts.Finish machining of critical dimensions should be performed after annealing.IMPORTANT: Annealing cycles have been generalized to apply to amajority of machined parts. Changes in heat up and hold time maybe possible if cross sections are thin. Parts should be fixtured duringannealing to prevent distortion.28
POST MACHINING AIR ANNEALING GUIDELINESMATERIALHOLDQuadrant PPSUDuratron PEI4 hours to 390 F30 minutes per 1/4” thicknessTechtron PPS4 hours to 350 F4 hours to 300 F4 hours to 375 F4 hours to 300 F4 hours to 420 F4 hours to 470 F4 hours to 500 F4 hours to 300 F4 hours to 450 F4 hours to 600 F30 minutes per 1/4” thickness60 minutes per 1/4” thickness60 minutes per 1/4” thickness1 day1 day1 day3 to 10 days Ketron PEEKDuratron PAIDuratron PI29HEAT UP60 minutes per 1/4” thickness60 minutes per 1/4” thickness800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
TIP :COOL DOWNENVIRONMENT50 F per hourNitrogen or Air50 F per hourAir50 F per hourAir Ensure parts are fixturedto desired shape or flatness. Do not unfixture until partshave completed entire cycleand are cool to the touch. Do not take short-cuts.Finish machining of critical dimensions should be performed after annealing.50 F per hourAir50 F per hourAirIMPORTANT: Annealing cycles have been generalized to apply to amajority of machined parts. Changes in heat up and hold time maybe possible if cross sections are thin. Parts should be fixtured duringannealing to prevent distortion.30
31CUTTERROTATIONCUTTERROTATIONTABLE FEEDTABLE FEEDCLIMB MILLINGCONVENTIONAL MILLING1FIGCLIMB MILLING VS. CONVENTIONAL MILLING800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
2FIGRECOMMENDED TURNING TOOLING GEOMETRYCPG5 5 3 30'3 30'11 32
SIONS800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
/3263/641NOTES34
NOTES35800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
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QUADRANT MATERIAL SELECTORSTRUCTURALBEARING & WEARDuratron PBIDuratron PIDuratron PAIDuratron PBIDuratron PIDuratron PAIQuadrant PC(230 C)250 F(120 C)Quadrant PPOPVC150 F(65 C)replacing metals & alloys by deliveringSTRONGER, LIGHTER-WEIGHTplastic & polymer materials with superiorcorrosion & extreme temperature resistance450 FSemitron ESdDuratron PEI*Quadrant PPSUQuadrant PSUThe global industry leaderKetron PEEK*Techtron PPSSymalit PVDF/ECTFEFlourosint PTFE*Ertalyte PET-PNylatron PAAcetron POM*TIVAR UHMW-PEExplore the industry’s broadest family of engineeringplastic products, online! The perfect match for yourapplication, environment and performance level isjust a few clicks away.Proteus PPSanalite HPE/PPLDPE*Available in Semitron static dissapative grades.37800-366-0300 quadrantplastics.com
THERMOPLASTICS &THERMOSETSPlastics are commonly described as beingeither a thermoplastic (meltable) or athermoset (non meltable). Thermosetmaterials such as phenolic and epoxy weredeveloped as early as 1900 and were someof the earliest high volume plastics. Boththermoplastic and thermoset stock shapesare available for machined parts, althoughthermoplastic stock shapes are much morecommonly used today. Their ease offabrication, self-lubricating characteristics,and broad size and shape availability makethermoplastics ideal for bearing and wearparts as well as structural components.
All statements, technical information and recommendations contained in this publication are presented in good faith, based upon testsbelieved to be reliable and practical field experience. The reader is cautioned, however, that Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products does notguarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and it is the customer’s responsibility to determine the suitability of Quadrant’sproducts in any given application. Acetron, CleanStat, Corzan, Duraspin, Duratron, Erta, Ertacetal, Ertalene, Ertalon, Ertalyte, Extreme Materials,Fluorosint, Ketron, MC, Monocast, Novatron, Nylatrack, Nylatron, Polypenco, Proteus, Sanalite, Semitron, Symalit, Techtron, TIVAR, Ultrawearand Vibratuf are registered trademarks of the Quadrant group of companies. * Classix is a registered trademark of Invibio Ltd. Corp.* Rulon is a registered trademark of Saint Gobain Performance Plastics * Torlon and Udel are registered trademarks of Solvay AdvancedPolymers * Vespel, Delrin and Teflon are registered trademarks of E.I. DuPont * Noryl and Lexan are registered trademarks of GE Plastics* Celazole is a registered trademark of PBI Performance Products, Inc. * Kynar is a registered trademark of Arkema* Corzan is a registered trademark of NoveonDesign and content created by Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products and are protectedby copyright law. Copyright 2014 The Quadrant group of companies. All rights reserved.00593 10.22.14 2500quadrantplastics.com
many metals and plastics, may contribute to stress cracking of amorphous plastics such as Quadrant PC 1000, Quadrant PSU, Duratron U1000 PEI, and Quadrant PPSU. MACHINING TIPS Coolants are strongly suggested during drilling operations, especially with notch sensitive materials such
Engineered Plastics Cope Plastics, Inc. has hired John Thiel as director of sales - engineered plastics. Thiel joins Cope Plastics from All-State Industries where he . territory manager for Quadrant (formerly known as DSM) and has been working as a
Find us online @quadrantepp QUADRANT MACHINISTS HANDBOOK Machi
Mapping of global plastics value chain and plastics losses to the environment onment 2 Table of contents Table of contents List of Acronyms 4 Types of plastics 5 Executive summary 6 Technical summary 9 1 oduction Intr 17 1.1. Objective 19 1.2. General methodology 19 1.3. Report structure 21 2 Global plastics value chain 23
Name: _ ID: A 4 _ 16. Each unit on the map represents 5 miles. If you drive 20% of the way from Landview to Seaside, how many miles have you driven, and in which quadrant would you be on the map? A. 6 miles, quadrant II C. 1.2 miles, quadrant III B. 10 miles, quadrant II D. 6 miles, quadrant III _ 17.
Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products Global leader in engineering plastics for machining Design and Fabrication Reference Guide [2 PLASTICS OVERVIEW The World’s Leading Manufacturer of Plastic Stock Shapes. The Quadrant Design & Fabrication Reference Guide
KEY FIGURES* The European plastics industry includes plastics raw materials producers, plastics converters, plastics recyclers and plastics & rubber machinery producers in the EU27 3. KEY
FRP - Fiber Reinforced Plastics. FRP has been used alternatively to mean fiberglass reinforced plastics, fiber reinforced plastics and many other reinforced plastics. In this guide, it means plastics reinforced with fibers or strands of some other material. Ganged Woven Ravings - An FRP laminate consisting of adjacent layers of woven rovings .
menentukan kadar asam folat. Fortifikan yang ditambahakan asam folat sebanyak 1100 mcg/100 gr bahan dan Fe-fumarat 43.4 mg/100 gr bahan. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil kadar asam folat pada adonan sebesar 1078,51 mcg/100 gr, pada pemanggangan I sebesar 1067,97 mcg/100 gr,
