The US Navy Japanese/Oriental Language School Archival

joining the Mathews VolunteerRescue Squad; serving as a CubScoutmaster; and through hislocal church, Kingston Parish,where he served as seniorwarden. A historiographer, hisbook, "Old Kingston Parish;1652-1976," was published incelebration of the Bicentennialand in dedication to the membersof Kingston Parish who havefinished their course in faith.He is survived by his belovedwife Alda; elder brother, ArloAyres Brown Jr. of GreenVillage, N.J.; his devotedchildren, Eric, Lucy, Arlo andRobert of Columbus, Ohio;Washington,D.C.;Tokyo,Japan; and Mathews, Va.; andeight enthusiastic grandchildren.Daily Press (Newport)April 20, 1995Howard ImazekiSenseiJournalist, longtime editor of theHokubei Mainichi newspaperafter World War II. A pioneering"Nisei" journalist, Imazeki wasactually born in Japan in 1907and migrated to the U.S in 1918to join his father.HeattendedAmericanschools and graduated fromSacramento Junior College,working subsequently for theHokubei Asahi newspaper. Hedecided to pursue a degree injournalism and attended theUniversityofMissouri,graduating in 1934. In theinterim, the Hokubei Asahi hadmerged with another newspaper,the Shin Sekai, to form the ShinSekai Asahi, and Imazekibecame the editor of the Englishsection of the new paper uponhis return, sharing the positionfor a time with the James Omura,the former Shin Sekai editorwhose views were often at oddswith Imazeki.After marrying and starting afamily, Imazeki left journalismseeking better wages and wasworking in the poultry businessat the outbreak of World War II.Like all other JapaneseAmericans on the West Coast,Imazeki and his family wereforciblyremovedandincarcerated, in his case at TuleLake. He edited the campnewspaper, the Tulean Dispatchbefore leaving camp in February1943 to teach at the NavyJapanese Language School at theUniversity of Colorado. He laterworked for the Office of WarInformation and went to Japanafter the war to work as acivilian interpreter and translator,remaining there until 1954. Uponhis return to San Francisco, heassumed the English sectioneditor position for the HokubeiMainichi, one of the twoJapanese American dailies in thatcity, a post that he would remainin for the rest of his careerstretching into the 1980s.Authored by Brian Niiya, DenshoFor More InformationRobinson, Greg. After Camp:PortraitsinMidcenturyJapanese American Life andPolitics. Berkeley: University ofCalifornia Press, 2012. [Includesa discussion of Imazaki's 1963columnurging"Negrocommunity leaders" to "do alittle soul searching" that waswidely reprinted and vigorouslydiscussed inside and outside theethnic community.]Stroup, Dorothy Anne. "TheRole of the Japanese-AmericanPress in its Community." lesImazeki and his counterpart atthe Nichibei Times, YasuoAbiko, and compares the contentof the two San Francisco papers'English sections.]Takita, Sachiko. "The Tule LakePilgrimageandJapaneseAmerican Internment: ommunity." Ph.D. dissertation,UCLA,2007.[DiscussesImazeki's coverage of the TuleLake Committee and earlypilgrimages and the debate onhow the incarceration should d Imazeki/In Memoriam:Houghton "Buck" Freeman,1921-2010 [JLS 1943]Freeman had a distinguishedbusiness career and was avisionary philanthropist. TheFreeman Foundation has fundedthe USC US-China Institute'steacher training program since itsfounding.Doreen and Houghton Freeman,photo by Paul Rogers, Stowe,VermontHoughton “Buck” Freemanpassed away on December 1. Hewas 89 years old. Few peoplehave done as much as Freemantopromoteincreasedunderstanding of Asia amongAmericans.Under Houghton's leadership,the Freeman Foundation hascontributed hundreds of millionsof dollars to support a widerange of East Asia-centeredteachertrainingprograms,undergraduate programs, studentexchange initiatives, curriculumdevelopment and educationpublications, museum programs,and public broadcasting newscoverage of Asia. This fall morethan six million Americansecondary students are studyingwith teachers trained s.Thousands of university studentshave gone to Asia to study orwork through Freeman-fundedprograms. Hundreds of Asianstudents and scholars have cometo the United States to study orteach.Everyday millions of peoplehear or watch news reports fromAsia made possible by grants theFoundationhasprovided.Freeman oversaw all theseefforts as well as a host ofcultural site restoration efforts inAsiaandenvironmentalpreservation projects in theUnited States.The Freeman Foundation waslaunched with funds from theestate of Mansfield Freeman,Houghton’s father. Doreen,Houghton’s wife of 62 years,serves as a trustee. Graeme, theirson,istheFoundation’sexecutive director. The family’scommitment to promoting Asianstudiesandfacilitatingexchanges with Asia stems fromits own deep experience in theregion and a concern thatAmericans simply don’t knowenough about Asia to understandit well.Houghton Freeman was bornin Beijing in 1921 to MaryHoughtonandMansfieldFreeman. His parents were therebecause Mansfield was teachingatTsinghuaUniversity.Mansfield developed a stronginterest in Chinese philosophyandeventuallypublishedtranslations of important texts.By chance he mentored a groupof students who won a summerlife insurance-selling contest.This resulted in C.V. Starrrecruiting him to his youngShanghai-based firm: AmericanInternational Underwriters. AIUwould grow into AmericanInternational Group (AIG), theworld’slargestinsurancecompany. Mansfield and, later,his son Houghton would helpbuild the firm that until this yearwas the largest Americancompany born outside the UnitedStates.The Freemans were joined inShanghaibyHoughton’sgrandparents. His grandfatherLuther joined with others tocreate the Shanghai CommunityChurch, which still houses thecity’slargestProtestantcongregation.Houghton attended ShanghaiInternationalSchoolandWesleyan University, where hewas a star soccer player. Hisstudies were interrupted byWorld War II. Already fluent inChinese, Freeman graduatedfrom the Navy’s Japaneselanguage school and servedmainly in China, first in thewartime capital of Chongqingand then running an intelligenceoperation out of Fuzhou. Whenthe war ended, he completed hisdegree at Wesleyan and beganworking for AIU, at first inLondon where he met his wife,Doreen.The newlyweds then went toChina where their daughterLinda was born and where theCommunists would soon seizepower. In 1997, Freeman toldBusinessWeek, "We thought wecould do business with the

Communists. We were wrong."The young family moved toTokyo in late 1949. Their son,Graeme, was born there.Freeman became president ofAIU Japan in 1956 and thefamily remained in Japan untilthe 1970s when he moved toAIG headquarters in New York.He served as AIG’s presidentand chief operating officer from1983 until his 1993 retirement.Among his achievements duringthis period was helping get AIGreestablished in China, a projectthat took thirteen years. Afterretiring, Freeman devoted thebulk of his energies to leadingthenewlyestablishedFoundation.Here at USC, we are gratefulfor Freeman’s steadfast supportof the USC U.S.-China Institute'steacher training program (part ofthe National Consortium forTeaching about Asia), the CareerCenter'sAsiainternshipprogram, and the East AsianStudies Center's global East Asiaprogram. Through these ongoingFoundation-backedinitiativesteachers and students havegained expertise on Asia, oftenthrough direct experience inAsia.Theteachertrainingprogram, for example, includes40-hourseminars,one-dayworkshops, summer residentialprograms, summer study tours,online instruction and curriculumresources, as well as a webdiscussion forum and monthlynewsletter.Freeman funds have donemuch to reduce America’s“knowledge deficit” on Asia, butFreeman support has alwaysmeant much more than justfinancial resources. HoughtonFreeman and his family havebeen key mentors and energeticpromoters. Their advice andencouragementhasbeeninvaluable.The Freeman Foundation hasalso been a key supporter ofefforts to restore and includeJuanqinzhai 倦 勤 斋 (Studio ofExhaustionFromDiligentService), a remarkable 18thcentury structure the Qianlongemperor had built as part of hisretirement residence within dationfundedtherestoration of Nara’s Chuguji, animperial Buddhist nunnery.The Foundation has beenequallycommittedtoenvironmental protection. InVermont, their support haspermitted the Vermont LandTrust to purchase and preserve300,000 acres. When tragedystruck in New York and inSoutheast Asia, the Foundationwas there. It offered support forrestaurant workers and janitorswho lost jobs when the WorldTrade Center was attacked andhelped schools destroyed by the2004tsunami.Ithasunderwritten work to removeland mines in Vietnam.Buck Freeman touched andimproved lives worldwide. Wejoin many others in expressingourappreciationforhisgenerosity and extend ourdeepest sympathies to his wife,Doreen, and the other membersof his family. He will be missed.A version of this tribute appeared inUSCI's Talking Points onDecember 19, 2010.USC US-China InstituteRelease Date: 12/20/2010[Ed. Note: This memorial article toHoughton Freeman covers differentgroundfromotherFreemanmemorial articles we reprintedearlier. The Freemen Foundationhas funded the archival processing ofthe Charles Cross, Harrison Parker,Marion Levy, Edward Seidensticker,George Nace, Robert Schwantes,Nicholas Vardac and Mary Lou andD. Norton Williams Papers, as wellas the survey and inventory of dozensof smaller JLS/OLS Collections.]Arrival in BoulderWriting “Boulder” in youraddress reminds me of the day inJune ’42 that Bill Voelker and Itrudged up 17th Street, I believe,to begin an association with thelanguage school. Being amongthe first to arrive, we were told topick any room we wanted in theMen’s Dorm [now Baker Hall].Bill and I chose 350, whichafforded a perfect view of theFlatirons. We were doubly luckyin that Art Dornheim arrived notlong after and chose the roomdirectly across the hall –beginning a friendship of 50years or more until his death inBethesda, Maryland.Paul B. HauckJLS 1943Former Dean andCriminal Law GiantSanford KadishDies at 92, JLS 1944Former Berkeley Law Dean andProfessor Emeritus SanfordKadish, one of the world’sforemost criminal law scholars,died Friday, Sept. 5, in Berkeleyof kidney failure. He was 92.“Without a doubt, Sandy wasthe leading criminal law scholarnationally of his time,” saidlongtimeBerkeleyLawProfessor Jesse Choper, whosucceeded Kadish as dean. “Hewas among a small handful ofthe most distinguished facultymembers we’ve ever had.”Nearly 50 years after it firstappeared, Kadish’s CriminalLaw and Its Processes remainsthe most widely used casebookin criminal law, one that set ahigh intellectual standard for thefield. His books, articles, andteaching inspired generations ofscholars to take an expansiveview of criminology—and toexamine it through the lenses ofsociology and philosophy.New York University LawProfessor Stephen Schulhoferpartnered with Kadish on thecasebook for more than 35 years.Though seldom in the same city,they worked closely together“ruminating, arguing, draftingand editing, and a good manytimes passionately disagreeing,”Schulhofer said. “Through it all,Sandy was unfailingly warm,good humored, and profuselygenerous with his friendship andsupport. I know that manycolleaguesthroughouttheacademic world feel—even ifthey had never even metSandy—that their work wastouched and shaped by hisprobing intellect and his visionof justice.”Berkeley Law ProfessorChristopher Kutz noted that“virtually every other criminallaw casebook remains indebted”to Kadish, and “virtually everyinfluential criminal law scholarhas been taught or mentored bySandy.”Kadish’sarticle“Methodology and Criteria inDueProcessAdjudication”remains one of the 100 mostcited law review articles of alltime, Kutz said.Kadish joined the BerkeleyLaw faculty in 1964 and servedas dean from 1975 to 1982. Hewas the driving force behind theschool’spioneeringJurisprudence and Social Policy(JSP) Program, a unique Ph.D.initiative that teaches students toanalyzelegalideasandinstitutions within the frameworkof disciplines such as economics,history, and sociology.When UC Berkeley’s Schoolof Criminology dissolved in1975, Kadish and fellow lawprofessor Philip Selznick draftedplans for the interdisciplinaryPh.D. program—as well as anundergraduate program in legalstudies.“These enterprises were notonly the first programs of theirkind, but also became andremain the leaders in theirrespective fields,” said CalvinMorrill, associate dean of theJSP Program. “Aside from adistinguished career as a legalscholar, Sanford Kadish was auniversity leader of profoundvision and unusual verve.”Kadish also played a key rolein helping Selznick establish theschool's Center for the Study ofLaw & Society (CSLS) as theworld's premier research hub forsocio-legal studies. The center,which works closely with theJSP Program, draws heraldedscholars from around the world.In November 2012, Kadishwas honored at a ceremonydedicating the JSP/CSLS libraryin his name. Kadish called thelibrary dedication “massivelygratifying,” adding that he“invested a good deal of my lifeat the law school, and it’sheartwarming to be recognizedthis way.” The library housesbooks and journals that focus onthe intersection of law, socialsciences, and humanities—including many authored byscholars Kadish mentored.Launched in 1978 and gearedto students interested in pursuinglegalscholarship,policyanalysis, and teaching, the JSPProgram remained the first andonly law school Ph.D. programuntil the last decade. Over theyears, it has significantlyexpanded its capacity to train

studentsincutting-edgeempirical methodologies.At the library dedication,Kadish acknowledged that hisauthority and influence asBerkeley Law’s dean “played asignificant role" in securing theprogram's placement at the lawschool. He believed it “wouldprovide a tremendous shot ofacademic red blood corpusclesinto our institution. The essentialpremise of this new endeavorwas that it would place anemphasis on viewing the lawfrom the outside rather than justfrom the inside.”Born on Sept. 7, 1921, inNew York City, Kadish grew upin the Bronx and graduated PhiBeta Kappa from City College ofNew York. That made himeligible to attend Japaneselanguage school in Colorado. Asa Navy officer during WorldWar II, Kadish worked on adestroyerinthePacific,translating Japanese militarydocuments.AftergraduatingfromColumbia Law School in 1948,he practiced law for three yearsin New York before a friendfrom language school enlistedhim to help start a law school atthe University of Utah. Kadishtaught there for 10 years andthen taught at the University ofMichigan before moving toBerkeley.During his distinguishedacademic career, Kadish was aGuggenheim Fellow and avisiting professor at Harvard,Columbia, Oxford, Cambridge,Kyoto-Doshisha University, theFreiburg Institute for CriminalLaw, and the University ofMelbourne.Hereceivedhonorary degrees from the CityUniversity of New York andCologne University.Kadish also served aspresident of both the AmericanAssociationofUniversityProfessors and the Association ofAmerican Law Schools, and asvice president of the AmericanAcademy of Arts and Sciences.He was editor-in-chief of theEncyclopedia of Crime andJustice and his books includeDiscretion to Disobey, which hewrote in 1973 with his brotherMortimer Kadish, a philosophyprofessor at Case WesternUniversity who died in 2010.Despitehismanyresponsibilities, Kadish alwaysmade time for colleagues andfriends.“Sandy went out of his way tomeet new faculty members,”Choper said. “He had a series oflunches with many of them andmentored a significant number ofour senior and junior faculty. Isucceeded him as dean, whichwas ideal. He came by never tocritique me, only to help.”In 2000, Kadish and his wifeJuneconceivedof—andgenerously endowed—BerkeleyLaw’s Kadish Center forMorality, Law, and PublicAffairs to help probe thetheoretical and moral aspects ofcriminal law. Kutz, the center’sdirector, said “Sandy firmlybelieved that questions of moralphilosophy are not abstractions,but are crucial for us to be ableto keep a critical eye on thestate’s claim to be able to punishor otherwise coerce citizens tofollow the law.”Kadish was married for 68years to June, who died in March2011. He is survived by twosons, Josh Kadish of Portland,Oregon, and Peter Kadish ofOrem,Utah;sevengrandchildren, and three greatgrandchildren.By Andrew CohenBerkeleyLawUniveristy of CaliforniaSeptember 5, 2014[Ed. Note: Professor Kadish hadlong been on our USN JLS/OLSArchival Project mailing list. He wasyet another JLS/OLS veteran on theUniversity of California Berkeleyfaculty. There was probably morecross-pollination between the USNJLS/OLS at CU and Cal Berkeleythan anywhere else. The first JLSDirector was Florence Walne, aprofessor at Berkeley before the War.More than 48 JLO veterans went toBerkeley for graduate degrees afterthe War. Many of the JLS/OLSersreturned to Berkeley to positions ontheFaculty:HelenCraigMcCullough - JLS class of 1944;professor at Berkeley in JapaneseLiterature; Thomas C. Smith - JLSclass of 1943, professor at Berkeleyin Japanese History; . RobertA.Scalapino - JLS 1943, Professor ofPolitical Science, Head of The EastAsian Studies; Susumu Nakamura JLS chief Sensei, chief instructor ofJapanese language program atBerkeley; Toshi Ashikaga - JLSSensei, instructor of Japaneselanguage and literature at Berkeley;Ari Inoue - JLS Sensei, graduate ofBerkeley in 1941, worked in thedepartmentofGroundsandBuildings on Berkeley campus as alandscape architect for thirty twoyears; Charles E. Hamilton - JLS1944, Brancroft Library, librarian,cataloger and acting head EastAsian Library; Henry F. May - JLS1944, Margaret Byrne Professor ofHistory, (Emeritus); Hugh McLean- OLS (Russian) 1945, RussianLiterature; Madison S. Beeler - JLS1944, Linguistics; Paul H. Mussen - OLS (Malay) 1944, ClinicalPsychology; Andie L. Knutson - JLS1944, Behavioral Sciences; MartinMalia - OLS (Russian) 1945, RussianHistory; Michael Courtney Rogers,Professor of East Asian studies whowas honored by the Koreangovernment for his contributions tothe study of Korean culture; JosephR. Levenson – JLS 1943,SatherProfessor of Chinese History; RobertR. Brown – OLS 1945, Professor ofPhysics .]Christmas 2014 Greetingsbrother Albert (Blue) lovedmusic, especially the Irishballads. Bud also loved sports;his true passion was golf. Alongwith playing the game, hededicated a good portion of hisfree time to building the love ofthe sport in youth and mentoringthem in the game. Mostimportantly, behind the scenes,Bud would always be offering ahelping hand to anyone in need.Bud was preceded in death byhis mother, Catherine Stenstrom;his father, Albert; his sister,Marion; and his brother, Albert(Blue). He leaves behind lots offamily who loved him deeply,his sister, Rose; and many niecesand nephews and their children,all in California.The Lewiston TribuneSeptember 1, 2014[Ed. Note: Mr. Stenstrom had beenon our mailing list for more than adecade.]Thanks once again for theOriental flavored Christmascard! I am still receiving andreading with great interest, TheInterpreter, which takes me backto the long ago Boulder days. Ikeep in touch with Orv Lefko,but he is the only one I still knowof from those days.Guy RiccioJLS 1944Francis Stenstom1918-2014Francis (Bud) Stenstrom passedaway Sunday, Aug. 24, 2014, atage 96, surrounded by his sister,Rose van Dyk, and his niece,Kitty Dixon and her husbandBob, as well many people whodeeply cared for him at Life CareCenter of Lewiston. Born in1918 in Minot, N.D., he movedas a child to Lewiston, where heattended grammar school at St.Stanislaus School, high school atLewiston High, and college atthe University of Notre Dame.He joined the U.S. Navy,which sent him to the JapaneseLanguageSchoolattheUniversity of Colorado atBoulder, and he then served as aJapanese language translator andinterpreter during World War II.He spent his adult life workingas a chemist for the PotlatchForests Pulp Mill.Bud was a scholar, a historianand loved trivia. He and hisBeate SirotaRepriseDave, I was reading todayNumber 205 of The Interpreterand noted in both AnnAshmead’s letter to DonaldKeene and in the latter’s reply, areference to “Beata Sarota”. Hercorrect name was Beate Sirota,and she and I graduated togetherfrom The American School inJapan in 1939. Ours was a smallclass, only seven of us. I’mattaching the brief write-up abouther that appeared in TheChochin, the school’s annualyearbook, in reference to themembers of that year’s seniorclass (pay no attention to thereference to George Shimizu,who is a good friend, still alive,in California. I didn’t know howto eliminate him from the page,so just scroll down to see Beate.)Beate and my paths nevercrossed after our high schoolgraduation, but it will interestyou to know that in theoccupation of Japan, when Beatewas only 22 or 23, she worked inMacArthur’sheadquarters,starting in early 1946, engaged inthe drafting of Japan’s newconstitution. It was she who wasresponsible for the inclusion in itof the equal rights of women.And her later career wasillustrious.Richard Moss

JLS 1943[Ed. Note: Thanks go to Dick Mossfor this correction and clarification. Iwill post the article from TheChochin in a future issue of thenewsletter.]

Benjamin Franklin Toastmasters Club. He also belonged to the Tennis Group and a Chinese couples club in Washington. Mr. Bock volunteered with the Alzheimer's help group at the Friends Club of Bradley Hills Presbyterian Church in Bethesda. Mr. Bock's first wife, Patricia Yee, whom he married in 1957, died in 1970. His marriages to Gloria Bock