Ferro Vanadium Production Business. Ferrovanadium Market .
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IntroductionFerro Vanadium is an alloy which is formed by combining iron andvanadium with a vanadium content range of 35%-85%. Ferro Vanadiumis a universal hardener, strengthener and anti-corrosive additive forsteels like high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, tool steels, as well asother ferrous-based products.Ferro vanadium belongs to the category of ferroalloy. Ferro vanadiumis an alloy which is formed by combining iron and vanadium.Ferrovanadium contains 35% to 85% of vanadium depending onapplications of the product in end-use industry. Ferro vanadium is analloy material that is used in manufacturing of steel. It impartsdesirable properties such as abrasion resistance, high temperature andhardenability.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Ferro vanadium used for manufacturing of steel offers the end productwith high stability against alkalis as well as acids such as sulphuric andhydrochloric acids. In addition, products containing ferro vanadiumare at reduced risk to be susceptible to corrosion. Ferro vanadium alsohelps in reducing the overall weight of the material as well asincreasing the overall tensile strength of the end product. In addition,it helps in promoting fine grain size and increasing hardenabilitythrough precipitation of nitrides and carbides. Ferro vanadium ismanufactured using an electric arc furnace in which scrap iron ismelted initially and then it is combined with the mixture of aluminumas well as flux such as calcium fluoride and calcium oxide. It is usuallysupplied in pallet boxes or in shrink wrapped in super bags.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Ferro Vanadium is produced from Vanadium Sludge & usually availablein the range with V: 50-85%. Ferro Vanadium acts as universalhardener, strengthener and anti-corrosive additive for steels like highstrength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, tool steels, as well as other ferrous-based products. Origin of Ferro Vanadium is mainly India and China.Vanadium is applied for alloying titanium, niobium, and chromiumbased alloys widely used in aviation, rocket and space engineering.Pure metallic vanadium is used in the nuclear industry and in themanufacture of electronic devices.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Ferrovanadium increases hardenability and resistance to tempering. Itis used to enhance toughness, resistance of steel to alternating loads.Ferrovanadium is also used to obtain fine-grained structure of um-bearingmagnetite ore processed to produce pig iron. The process produces aslag containing 20% to 24% vanadium pentoxide, which can be furtherprocessed to ferrovanadium containing 40% to 50% vanadium. 84%came from ferrovanadium and nearly all of it (99%) went into steelmanufacturing. The Ferro Vanadium is used as an alloying agent forthe metals iron and steel and also aerospace.www.entrepreneurindia.co
ApplicationThe most important use of vanadium is as an additive for steel. It isused for the production of rust resistant, spring and high speed toolsteels. It is also added to steels to stabilize carbides. Vanadium foil isalso used to bond titanium to steel. Due to its low fission neutron crosssection vanadium is also used in nuclear applications. The FerroVanadium is used as an alloying agent for the metals iron & steel andalso aero.Ferro Vanadium is used primarily as an alloying agent for iron andsteel and, with the exception of the steel industry, the aerospacemarket is the primary user of the metal. It is found in deposits oftitaniferous magnetite, phosphate rock and uraniferous sandstone andsiltstone.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Significant amounts are also present in bauxite and carboniferousmaterials such as crude oil, coal, oil shale and tar sands. Vanadium isusually recovered as a by-product or co-product, and thus worldresources of the element are not fully indicative of available supplies.Vanadium is also useful in the production of aerospace titanium alloysand as a catalyst in producing maleic anhydride and sulfuric acid.Most of the ferro vanadium manufactured is utilized in the alloyingprocess used to manufacture hardened steel. Hardened steel furtherfinds application in the manufacturing of axles, bicycles frames,crankshafts and other highly critical steel components. Thus, thegrowing steel industry is expected to boost the overall growth in thedemand for the ferro vanadium market.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Market OutlookThe steel industry accounts for around 92% of vanadium consumption.Tool, high speed and high alloy steels contain around 20% vanadium,and high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel contains less than 0.5%vanadium. Around 4% of annual vanadium production is as a titaniumalloy for aerospace and industrial purposes. This alloy Ti6-4 paceapplications. The main demand drivers for ferro-vanadium are globalsteel production rates and the vanadium consumption rate used withinthe steel industry.The main vanadium raw material is referred to as vanadium pentoxide.Vanadium can either be derived from mined ore, from steelmakingslags, or from petroleum residues. The leading vanadium-producingnations remained China, Russia, and South Africa.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Japan and the United States were thought to be the only countries torecover significant quantities of vanadium from petroleum residues.The major consumption of the ferro vanadium that is being manufactured isused in the process of alloying that is used in the manufacturing of thehardened steel. Hardened steel is used in the applications such as in themanufacturing of bicycles frames, axles, crankshafts, and other very criticalcomponents of steel. Thus, the industrial progress of the steel industry willtrigger the growth of the ferro vanadium market. In the manufacturing ofthe high carbon steel alloy, ferro vanadium is used widely. This high carbonsteel is used in the production of the medical tools. When vanadium is usedin the alloys of titanium they can be used for manufacturing of the highspeed airframes and in jet engines. The overall weight of the steel isreduced by using ferro vanadium; hence, it is used in the manufacturing ofthe automobiles that are light in weight.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Ferrovanadium is an alloy used to strengthen steel. It is a combinationof iron and vanadium in which vanadium content varies from 35%80%. It is used as an additive to enhance the quality of ferroalloys.When added to steel, the products are light in weight with extremelyhigh tensile strength. The market for ferrovanadium is primarily drivenby increasing demand for high strength steel and high strength lowalloy steel from the construction and automotive and transportationindustries. The growth of these industries will be the key contributorresponsible for the growth of the market of ferrovanadium during theforecast period. As these industries are most prominent industriesconsuming majority of the steel consumption across the globe.www.entrepreneurindia.co
The global ferrovanadium market has been segmented as FeV40,FeV50, FeV60, FeV80 and nitride ferrovanadium. On the basis ofproduction method, the ferrovanadium market is segmented intoaluminothermy reduction and silicon reduction. On the basis of enduse, the global ferrovanadium market is segmented into il&gas industrialequipment and others. In the others segment of end use industries.The growth of the region will be supplemented by the theChineseferrovanadium market is anticipated to witness additional demand forferrovanadium in the coming years, mainly due to revised standards bythe Chinese government for increasing the tensile strength of rebarproducts.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Ferrovanadium is the most commonly and widely used alloy forenhancing the strength of reinforcing bars used in buildings, bridgesand tunnels. The global ferrovanadium market is expected to register aCAGR of 5.0% over the forecast period (2018-2028) in value terms.The estimated volume of ferrovanadium market in 2018 is 90,033 MT,and it is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.4% to reach 125,698 MT bythe end of 2028.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Consumption of Ferrovanadium, During 2013-14to 2015-16 (By Industries)www.entrepreneurindia.co
The Indian alumina plants, which are mostly based on East Coastbauxite and that which have to meet the internal demand. On theother hand, with growth of Automobile and Casting Sectors, demandfor ferrovanadium is expected to increase and this will have to be metby imports. The accelerated growth in the Forging Industry andincreased demand for die steels and tool steel too, have paved way forincreased vanadium consumption.www.entrepreneurindia.co
Exports of Ferrovanadium (By Countries)www.entrepreneurindia.co
Machinery PhotographsBall MillHopperwww.entrepreneurindia.co
ConveyorBagging Machinewww.entrepreneurindia.co
Project at a Glance( in lacs)PROJECT AT A GLANCECOST OF PROJECTParticularsLand & Site DevelopmentExp.BuildingsPlant & MachineriesMotor VehiclesOffice AutomationEquipmentsTechnical Knowhow Fees& Exp.Franchise & OtherDepositsPreliminary& Pre-operativeExpProvision forContingenciesMargin Money - WorkingCapitalTOTALExisting 3.53659.03www.entrepreneurindia.coTotalMEANS OF FINANCEProposeParticularsExistingd115.00 Capital126.00 Share PremiumOther Type Share135.00 Capital10.00 Reserves & 000.000.000.0050.00 Cash Subsidy0.000.000.0035.00 Internal Cash AccrualsLong/Medium Term0.00 Borrowings0.000.000.000.00494.27494.273.00 Debentures / BondsUnsecured11.50 9.03173.53659.03 TOTAL
Project at a GlanceYear122-33-44-55-6Annualised Book Debt Dividen Retained Payou Probab P/E Yield Price/ValuedEarningstleRatio Book ValueMarketPriceNo.ofPerTimesEPS CEPS Per Share SharePer Share % % %100.05.738.42 15.73 24.00 0.0005.73 0.00 5.73 1.000.00100.09.41 11.78 25.15 18.00 0.0009.41 0.00 9.41 1.000.00100.013.18 15.27 38.32 12.00 0.000 13.18 0.00 13.18 1.000.00100.016.85 18.71 55.17 6.00 0.000 16.85 0.00 16.85 1.000.00100.020.42 22.07 75.59 0.00 0.000 20.42 0.00 20.42 1.000.00www.entrepreneurindia.co
Project at a GlanceYearD. S. C. R.Debt Equity Total Retur/asNet n onDepo Equity Wort Netsitsh WortDebthIndivid Cumula Overualtiveall(Number of times)(Number oftimes)%%Profitability RatioGPMPBTPAT%%%Initial12 1.261.261.531.535.833.67% 1.75%2-3 1.671.460.720.723.824.29% 2.56%3-4 2.171.682.17 0.310.312.644.72% 3.17%4-5 2.771.910.110.111.925.03% 3.63%5-6 3.492.170.000.001.475.26% 3.96%3.00www.entrepreneurindia.coAsset CurresntTurno RatioverRatioNet P/VContri Ratiobution%3.001022.1.17% 431192.1.65% 811363.2.02% 211533.2.30% 611704.2.51% 731.234.581.334.391.51
Project at a GlanceBEPBEP - Maximum Utilisation YearCash BEP (% of Installed Capacity)Total BEP (% of Installed Capacity)IRR, PAYBACK and FACRInternal Rate of Return . ( In %age )Payback Period of the Project is ( In Years )Fixed Assets Coverage Ratio ( No. of times )www.entrepreneurindia.co567.20%68.79%31.34%2 Years 3Months44.093
Major Queries/Questions Answered in the Report?1. What is Ferro Vanadium Manufacturing industry ?2. How has the Ferro Vanadium Manufacturingindustry performed so far and how will it performin the coming years ?3. What is the Project Feasibility of Ferro VanadiumManufacturing Plant ?4. What are the requirements of Working Capital forsetting up Ferro Vanadium Manufacturing plant ?www.entrepreneurindia.co
5. What is the structure of the Ferro VanadiumManufacturing Business and who are thekey/major players ?6. What is the total project cost for setting up FerroVanadium Manufacturing Business?7. What are the operating costs for setting up FerroVanadium Manufacturing plant ?8. What are the machinery and equipmentrequirements for setting up Ferro VanadiumManufacturing plant ?www.entrepreneurindia.co
9. Who are the Suppliers and Manufacturers of Plant& Machinery for setting up Ferro VanadiumManufacturing plant ?10. What are the requirements of raw material forsetting up Ferro Vanadium Manufacturing plant ?11. Who are the Suppliers and Manufacturers of Rawmaterials for setting up Ferro VanadiumManufacturing Business?12. What is the Manufacturing Process of FerroVanadium ?www.entrepreneurindia.co
13. What is the total size of land required for setting upFerro Vanadium Manufacturing plant ?14. What will be the income and expenditures forFerro Vanadium Manufacturing Business?15. What are the Projected Balance Sheets of FerroVanadium Manufacturing plant ?16. What are the requirement of utilities andoverheads for setting up Ferro VanadiumManufacturing plant?17. What is the Built up Area Requirement and cost .entepreneurindia.co
18. WhatarethePersonnel(Manpower)Requirements for setting up Ferro VanadiumManufacturing Business?19. What are Statistics of Import & Export for FerroVanadium ?20. What is the time required to break-even of FerroVanadium Manufacturing Business?21.What is the Break-Even AnalysisVanadium Manufacturing plant?ofFerro22.What are the Project financials of Ferro VanadiumManufacturing Business?www.entepreneurindia.co
23. What are the Profitability RatiosVanadium Manufacturing Project?ofFerro24. What is the Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume ofFerro Vanadium Manufacturing plant?25.What are the Projected Pay-Back Period andIRR of Ferro Vanadium Manufacturing plant?26. What is the Process Flow Sheet Diagram of FerroVanadium Manufacturing project?www.entrepreneurindia.co
27.What are the Market Opportunities for settingup Ferro Vanadium Manufacturing plant?28. What is the Market Study and Assessment forsetting up Ferro Vanadium ManufacturingBusiness?29. What is the Plant Layout for setting up FerroVanadium Manufacturing Business?www.entrepreneurindia.co
Table of Contentsof theProject Reportwww.entrepreneurindia.co
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1.4.1.1.5.1.1.6.PROJECT LOCATIONCITY PROFILE & GEOTECHNICAL SITE CHARACTERIZATIONGeneralPhysical CharacteristicsClimate and RainfallMapEconomy and IndustryTransport2. INTRODUCTION3. USES &APPLICATIONS4.4.1.B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONIS 1466 (1985): FERROVANADIUM [MTD 5: FERRO ALLOYS]5.5.1.5.2.SPECIFICATIONS& 4.6.5.6.6.6.7.MARKET SURVEYOVERVIEWGROWTH FACTORSREGIONAL ANALYSISCOMPETITIVE PLAYERSKEY MARKET dia.co
6.8.6.9.EUROPEAN VANADIUM MARKETGLOBAL STEEL DEMAND FORECAST7.7.1.7.2.EXPORT & IMPORT: ALL COUNTRIESEXPORT: ALL COUNTRIESIMPORT: ALL .7.6.8.7.7.FINANCIALS & COMPARISON OF MAJOR INDIAN PLAYERS/COMPANIESABOUT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CMIE DATABASEPROFITS & APPROPRIATIONSTOTAL LIABILITIESTOTAL ASSETSNET CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIESSECTION –IName of Company with Contact DetailsName of Director(S)Plant CapacityCredit RatingsLocation of PlantSECTION–IIAssetsCash FlowCost as % Ge of SalesGrowth in Assets & LiabilitiesGrowth in Income & ExpenditureIncome & ExpenditureLiabilitieswww.entrepreneurindia.co
y RatiosProfitability RatioProfitsReturn RatiosStructure of Assets & Liabilities(%)Working Capital & Turnover RatiosCOMPANY PROFILE OF MAJOR PLAYERS10.10.1.10.2.EXPORT & IMPORT: STATISTICS DATA OF INDIAEXPORT: STATISTICS DATA FOR FERRO VANADIUMIMPORT: STATISTICS DATA FOR FERRO VANADIUM11. PRESENT MANUFACTURERS12. RAW MATERIALS13. MANUFACTURING PROCESS14. PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM15. SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY16. SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL17.17.1.17.2.17.3.PHOTOGRAPHS/IMAGES FOR REFERENCEMACHINERY PHOTOGRAPHSRAW MATERIAL PHOTOGRAPHSPRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHS18.PLANT LAYOUTwww.entrepreneurindia.co
Project Financials Project at a GlanceAnnexure Assumptions for Profitability workings .1 Plant Economics .2 Production Schedule 3 Land & Building . 4Factory Land & BuildingSite Development Expenseswww.entrepreneurindia.co
Plant & Machinery . .5Indigenous MachineriesOther Machineries (Miscellaneous, Laboratory etc.) Other Fixed Assets . .6Furniture & FixturesPre-operative and Preliminary ExpensesTechnical KnowhowProvision of Contingencies Working Capital Requirement Per Month . 7Raw MaterialPacking MaterialLab & ETP Chemical CostConsumable Storewww.entrepreneurindia.co
Overheads Required Per Month and Per Annum . . 8Utilities & Overheads (Power, Water and Fuel Expenses etc.)Royalty and Other ChargesSelling and Distribution Expenses Salary and Wages . .9 Turnover Per Annum . 10 Share Capital .11Equity CapitalPreference Share Capitalwww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 1 :: Cost of Project and Means of Finance Annexure 2 :: Profitability and Net Cash Accruals Revenue/Income/RealisationExpenses/Cost of Products/Services/ItemsGross ProfitFinancial ChargesTotal Cost of SalesNet Profit After TaxesNet Cash Accrualswww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 3 :: Assessment of Working Capital requirements Current AssetsGross Working CapitalCurrent LiabilitiesNet Working CapitalWorking Note for Calculation of Work-in-process Annexure 4 :: Sources and Disposition of Fundswww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 5 ::Projected Balance Sheets ROI (Average of Fixed Assets) RONW (Average of Share Capital) ROI (Average of Total Assets) Annexure 6::Profitability Ratios D.S.C.R Earnings Per Share (EPS) Debt Equity Ratiowww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 7::Break-Even Analysis Variable Cost & Expenses Semi-Variable/Semi-Fixed Expenses Profit Volume Ratio (PVR) Fixed Expenses / Cost B.E.Pwww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 8 to 11 :: Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume Resultant N.P.B.T Resultant D.S.C.R Resultant PV Ratio Resultant DER Resultant ROI Resultant BEPwww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 12 :: Shareholding Pattern and Stake Status Equity Capital Preference Share Capital Annexure 13 :: Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks Determined Capacity P.A of Products/Services Achievable Efficiency/Yield % of Products/Services/Items Net Usable Load/Capacity of Products/Services/Items Expected Sales/ Revenue/ Income of Products/ Services/Itemswww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 14::Product wise Domestic SalesRealisation Annexure 15::Total Raw Material Cost Annexure 16::Raw Material Cost per unit Annexure 17::Total Lab & ETP Chemical Cost Annexure 18::Consumables, Store etc. Annexure 19::Packing Material Cost Annexure 20::Packing Material Cost Per Unitwww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 21::Employees Expenses Annexure 22::Fuel Expenses Annexure 23::Power/Electricity Expenses Annexure 24::Royalty & Other Charges Annexure 25::Repairs & Maintenance Expenses Annexure 26::Other Manufacturing Expenses Annexure 27::Administration Expenses Annexure 28::Selling Expenseswww.entrepreneurindia.co
Annexure 29 :: Depreciation Charges – as per Books (Total) Annexure 30 :: Depreciation Charges – as per Books (P &M) Annexure 31 :: Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV(Total) Annexure 32 :: Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV(P & M) Annexure 33 :: Interest and Repayment - Term Loans Annexure 34 :: Tax on Profits Annexure 35 :: Projected Pay-Back Period and IRRwww.entrepreneurindia.co
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Ferro Vanadium is a universal hardener, strengthener and anti-corrosive additive for steels like high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, tool steels, as well as other ferrous-based products. Ferro vanadium belongs to the category of ferroalloy. Ferro vanadium is an alloy which is formed by combining iron and vanadium.
Ferro-alloys Market Tracker A unique source of market intelligence, analysis and forecasts covering the international ferro-alloys industry Issue 248 April 2013 17 April 2013 www.metalbulletinresearch.com Contents Ferro-alloy prices 2 Ferro-silicon 4 Silicon Metal 6 Manganese 7 Ferro-chrome 10 Nickel 12 Molybdenum 13 Vanadium 15
vanadium and nickel. Depending on the origin of crude oil, the concentration of the vanadium varies from as low as 0.1 ppm to as high as 1200 ppm, while that of nickel commonly varies from trace to 150 ppm [5-8]. Vanadium compounds present in the saleable oil create vanadium
relates to only ferro alloy production. This plant shall be designed for production of Ferro Silicon (Fe-Si). However, provisions shall be kept for production of other ferro alloys (like Si-Mn, Fe-Mn etc) after carrying out some minor modifications. The standard grade Ferro Silicon has Si content of about 70%.
Ferro Alloy production. Power is a key cost component in Ferro Alloy business, and low cost & uninterrupted availability of Captive Power for Ferro Alloys production is critical to the cost competitiveness and facilitating stable operations. VISA Steel is a leading player in the Ferro Alloys industry in India and globally and
Basu R, Dhara S. Current Progress in Vanadium Oxide Nanostructures and Its Composites as Supercapacitor Electrodes. J Nanotechnol Nanomaterials. 2020; 1(3): 92-103. J Nanotechnol Nanomaterials. 2020 Volume 1, Issue 3 93 Electrochemical Properties of Vanadium Dioxide Vanadium dioxide (VO 2) is known to be stabilized in different polymorphs .
demand charges and four hour capacity, it is clear the industry is continuously moving towards energy storage with longer and longer duration. . Vanadium Redox, the most common redox flow battery technology on the market, uses the oxidation states of vanadium. Vanadium redox batteries are limited by the high cost of vanadium and by the
(a) Industry’s profile and expansion of the bulk Ferro Alloys industry in a phased manner. (b) Current status of the industry with production level and extent of imports and exports of different Ferro Alloys, (c) Availability of quality inputs (d) Review of the technology adopted and (e) Challenges and opportunities in the Ferro Alloy sector.
ASTM E 989-06 (2012), Classification for Determination of Impact Insulation Class (IIC) ASTM E 2235-04 (2012) Standard Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates for Use in Sound Insulation Test Methods. Test Procedure. All testing was conducted in the VT test chambers at Intertek-ATI located in York, Pennsylvania. The microphones were calibrated before conducting the tests. The airborne .
