The Enlightenment (The Age Of Reason)

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The Enlightenment(The Age of Reason)What was the Enlightenment and howdid it change the European idea ofgovernment?

What was the Enlightenment? What does“enlightenment” mean? Higher understanding of aparticular idea The Enlightenment wasan intellectual movementin Europe during themid-to-late 1700ʼs Changing ideas ofgovernment and society

How did the Enlightenment start? The Enlightenment grewout of the turmoil ofEurope following the riseof the absolute monarchs People were questioninglong-held truths“divine right” Religion Science Personal freedoms

What were some of the major themes that theEnlightenment stood for? The Enlightenment thinkersstood for a number ofideals:1.2.3.4.5. Reason logical thinkingProgress faith in scienceLiberty individual freedomsGoodness Man by nature isgoodIndividuality One person canmake a differenceMain gathering place Paris, France

Who were some of the major figures of the Enlightenment?Thomas HobbsBook Leviathan (1651)¡ People by nature areselfish & wicked Needs a strong rulerto keep order “social contract” People give up somerights for order

Who were some of the major figures of the Enlightenment?John LockeBook Two Treatises ofGovernment (1690)¡ People learn best throughexperience / improvementPeople are born withcertain rights “natural rights”

Was Thomas Jefferson a plagiarist?

Jefferson wentthrough severaldrafts with the helpof Franklin & Adamsbefore finally puttingtogether the finisheddocument.Drew inspiration forEnlightenmentthinkers of the day,such as John Locke.

The Declaration is one of many documents on display at theNational Archives as part of the “Charters of Freedom” exhibit

Plagiarism is bad especially in Philly

Mr. Hʼs Favorite Scene from NationalTreasure

Who were some of the major figures of the Enlightenment?Voltaire (nor-de plum)¡ Francois Arouet ¡ The “Jon Stewart” of thisday (satire)A champion for toleranceof others Freedom / tolerance of allreligions

Who were some of the major figures of the Enlightenment?Jean Jacques Rousseau¡ ¡ Book The Social Contract (1762)A champion for individualfreedoms Everyone has a equalstake in governmentmatters

Who were some of the major figures of the Enlightenment?Cesare Beccaria¡ Book On Crime &Punishment (1764)¡ Criticized justice system inEurope & abusive punishment Trial by jury Anti-torture Anti-capital punishment

Who were some of the major figures of the Enlightenment?Mary Wollstonecraft¡ Essay A Vindication ofthe Rights of Women (1792)¡ One of the worldʼs first“feminists” Pro-education Women have a right tobe involved in politics

The Enlightenment (The Age of Reason) What was the Enlightenment? ! What does “enlightenment” mean? " Higher understanding of a particular idea ! The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement in Europe during the mid-to-late 1700ʼs " Changing ideas of government and society .

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