1.A Student Tested A 0.1 M Aqueous Solution And

1. A student tested a 0.1 M aqueous solution and madethe following observations: conducts electricity turns blue litmus to red reacts with Zn(s) to produce gas bubblesWhich compound could be the solute in this solution?A) CH 3OHC) HBrB) LiBrD) LiOH2. Which is a characteristic of an aqueous solution ofHNO3?A)B)C)D)It conducts electricity.It forms OH – ions.It turns litmus blue.It turns phenolphthalein pink.3. Beakers A, B, C, and D shown below each contain adifferent solution.5. The only positive ion found in H2SO 4(aq) is theA) ammonium ionC) hydroxide ionB) hydronium ionD) sulfate ion6. Which compound is a strong Arrhenius base?A) C2H5OHC) HOHB) CH 3OHD) NaOH7. A 0.1 M solution of acetic acid and a 0.1 M solutionof ammonium hydroxide, both at 25 C, differ in thatthe acetic acid solution has a largerA)B)C)D)ionization constantpHH3O concentrationOH – concentration8. An Arrhenius acid hasA) only hydroxide ions in solutionB) only hydrogen ions in solutionC) hydrogen ions as the only positive ions insolutionD) hydrogen ions as the only negative ions insolution9. A hydrogen ion, H , in aqueous solution may also bewritten asA) H2O B) H2O2 C) H3O D) OH 10. Which relationship is present in a solution that has apH of 7?The bulb will glow when the conductivity apparatusis placed into which beakers?A) A and BC) A and DB) B and CD) C and D4. As water is added to a 0.10 M NaCl aqueous solution,the conductivity of the resulting solutionA) decreases because the concentration of ionsdecreasesB) decreases, but the concentration of ions remainsthe sameC) increases because the concentration of ionsdecreasesD) increases, but the concentration of ions remainsthe sameA) [H ] [OH–]C) [H ] [OH–]B) [H ] [OH–]D) [H ] [OH–] 711. Which pH change represents a hundredfold increasein the concentration of H3O ?A) pH 5 to pH 7C) pH 3 to pH lB) pH 13 to pH 14D) pH 4 to pH 312. Which pH value indicates the most basic solution?A) 7B) 8C) 3D) 1113. As HCl(g) is added to water, the pH of the watersolutionA) decreasesC) remains the sameB) increases

14. Both HNO3(aq) and CH 3COOH(aq) can beclassified asA)B)C)D)Arrhenius acids that turn blue litmus redArrhenius bases that turn blue litmus redArrhenius acids that turn red litmus blueArrhenius bases that turn red litmus blue15. In which 0.01 M solution is phenolphthalein pink?A) CH 3OH(aq)C) CH 3COOH(aq)B) Ca(OH) 2(aq)D) HNO3(aq)16. Three samples of the same solution are tested, eachwith a different indicator. All three indicators,bromthymol blue, bromcresol green and thymolblue, appear blue if the pH of the solution isA) 4.7B) 6.0C) 7.8D) 9.917. In the reaction:HNO3 H2O « H3O NO3–The two acids areA) H2O and HNO 3C) H2O and H 3O B) H2O and NO3–D) HNO3 and H3O 18. Which products are formed when an acid reacts witha base?A)B)C)D)an alcohol and carbon dioxidean ester and watera soap and glycerinea salt and water19. Equal volumes of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HCl arethoroughly mixed. The resulting solution has a pHclosest toA) 5B) 7C) 3D) 920. Which element reacts spontaneously with 1.0 MHCl(aq) at room temperature?A) copperC) silverB) goldD) zinc21. Which compound is a salt?A) CH 3OHC) H2C2O4B) C6H12O6D) KC 2H3O222. Which equation represents a neutralization reaction?A)B)C)D)Na2CO 3 CaCl2 2 NaCl CaCO3Ni(NO 3) 2 H2S NiS 2 HNO3NaCl AgNO3 AgCl NaNO3H2SO 4 Mg(OH) 2 MgSO4 2 H2O23. A 25.0-milliliter sample of HNO3(aq) is neutralizedby 32.1 milliliters of 0.150 M KOH(aq). What is themolarity of the HNO3(aq)?A) 0.117 MC) 0.193 MB) 0.150 MD) 0.300 M24. How many milliliters of 0.2 M NaOH are required toexactly neutralize 40 milliliters of 0.1 M HCl?A) 10B) 20C) 40D) 8025. During which process can 10.0 milliliters of a 0.05M HCl(aq) solution be used to determine theunknown concentration of a given volume ofNaOH(aq) solution?A) evaporationC) filtrationB) distillationD) titration26. What is the pH of the solution formed by completelyneutralizing 50 milliliters of 0.1 M HNO3 with 50milliliters of 0.1 M NaOH at 298 K?A) 1B) 7C) 10D) 427. When additional solid NaCl dissolves in a solutionof NaCl in water, the pH of the solutionA) decreasesC) remains the sameB) increases

28. Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge ofchemistry.A company produces a colorless vinegar that is 5.0% HC2H3O2 in water. Using thymol blue asan indicator, a student titrates a 15.0-milliliter sample of the vinegar with 43.1 milliliters of a 0.30M NaOH (aq) solution until the acid is neutralized.Identify the negative ion in the NaOH(aq) used in this titration.29. Base your answer to the following question on information below and on your knowledge ofchemistry.A sample of nitric acid contains bothions and1.Write a name of the positive ion present in this sample.ions. This sample has a pH value of30. Identify two indicators from Reference Table M that are yellow in solutions with a pH of 5.5.31. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.Using burets, a student titrated a sodium hydroxide solution of unknown concentration with astandard solution of 0.10 M hydrochloric acid. The data are recorded in the table below.Show a correct numerical setup for calculating the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution.32. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.A 20.0-milliliter sample of HCl(aq) is completely neutralized by 32.0 milliliters of 0.50 M KOH(aq).Calculate the molarity of the HCl(aq). Your response must include both a numericalsetup and the calculated result.

33. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.The health of fish depends on the amount of oxygen dissolved in the water. A dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration between 6 parts per million and 8 parts per million is best for fish health. ADO concentration greater than 1 part per million is necessary for fish survival.Fish health is also affected by water temperature and concentrations of dissolved ammonia,hydrogen sulfide, chloride compounds, and nitrate compounds. Most freshwater fish thrive inwater with a pH between 6.5 and 8.5.A student’s fish tank contains fish, green plants, and 3800 grams of fish-tank water with 2.7 x10-2 gram of dissolved oxygen. Phenolphthalein tests colorless and bromthymol blue tests blue insamples of the fish-tank water.Based on the test results for the indicators phenolphthalein and bromthymol blue, what is the pHrange of the fish-tank water?34. Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.The relative amount of acid or base in the soil can affect the flowers and plants that grow there.Hydrangeas, commonly called "snow ball" bushes, will have blue flowers if the soil is acidic andpink blossoms if the soil is basic.a AHydrangea plant is producing blue flowers. Is the pH of the soil above, below, or at the pH of 7?Explain your answer.b An indicator, bromthymol blue was used to test the soil. What color would you expect the indicatorto be?35. Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge ofchemistry.Asolution and an acid-base indicator are used to determine the molarity of ansolution. A 25.0-milliliter sample of theis exactly neutralized by 15.0 millilitersof 0.20 M.Based on the data, the calculated molarity of theshould be expressed to what number ofsignificant figures?

36. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.Three bottles of liquids labeled 1, 2, and 3 were found in a storeroom. One of the liquids is known tobe drain cleaner. Drain cleaners commonly contain KOH or NaOH. The pH of each liquid at 25 Cwas determined with a pH meter. The table below shows the test results.Explain, in terms of the pH values, why thymol blue is not a suitable indicator to distinguish betweenthe contents of bottle 1 and bottle 2.

Base your answers to questions 37 and 38 onthe graph below.The graph shows the relationship between pH value and hydronium ion concentration for commonaqueous solutions and mixtures.37. According to this graph, which mixture is approximately 100 times more acidic that milk ofmagnesia?38. What is the hydronium ion concentration of tomato juice?

Answer KeyAcids and Bases 7.C28.— OH – orhydroxide29.— hydronium ion —hydronium —hydrogen ion —hydrogen30.Examples: ––methylorange ––bromthymol blue ––thymol blue31.Examples: (0.10M)(9.50 mL) MB(3.80 mL) or(0.1)(9.5)/3.832. correct numericalsetup. Acceptableresponses include,but are not limitedto:(M A)(20.0 mL) (32.0 mL)(0.50 M)36.37. 0.80 M or for aresponse consistent 38.with the student’snumerical setup.Significant figuresdo not need to beshown.Note: Do not allowcredit for anumerical setup andcalculated result thatare not related to theconcept assessed bythe question.33.Examples: –7.6 and8.2 – 8.1 and 7.734.a The pH is below 7because blue flowersare expressed inacidic soil.b Yellow, if theanswer for a aboveis below 7; Blue, ifthe answer above isbasic.35.2 or twoExamples: – Theliquids in bottle 1and bottle 2 bothhave a pH below 8,but thymol blue doesnot change coloruntil the pH valuereaches at least 8.0.– The pH range forthe thymol bluecolor change is toohigh.seawater0.0001 M

B) decreases, but the concentration of ions remains the same C) increases because the concentration of ions decreases D) increases, but the concentration of ions remains the same 4.As water is added to a 0.10 M NaCl aqueous solution, the conductivity of the resulting solution A) ammo