SUMMER 2013 Volume 7 Issue 2 In This Issue
THEAMBERSUMMER 2013Volume 7 Issue 2In This Issue:WHEN A CHILD IS TAKENpg. 3TENNESSEE TRUCKERS:AMBER ALERT HEROESpg. 6AMBER ALERTIN INDIAN COUNTRYpg. 8
AMBER:THEW H AT ’ S I N T H I S I S S U E O FW H E N A C H I L D I S TA K E N. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAG E 3PROFILE: KRISTINA BOMBA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAG E 5FRONT LINES: TENNESSEE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAG E 6A M B E R A L E RT I N I N D I A N C O U N T RY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAG E 8A M B E R A L E RT I N T E R N AT I O N A L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAG E 1 0ODDS & ENDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAG E 1 1This publication was prepared under Cooperative Agreement number 2010-MC-CX-K050 from the Office of JuvenileJustice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view or opinions expressed in thisdocument are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of OJJDP or the U.S.Department of Justice.Your story ideas and pictures are welcome.AMBER Alert INFO:For AMBER Alert Training& Technical Assistance,contact:Phil Keith, Program DirectorAMBER Alert Training &Technical Assistance Program877-71-AMBERaskamber@fvtc.eduEDITOR:Paul Murphymurphyp@fvtc.eduGRAPHIC LAYOUT:Scott Troxelscotrox@gmail.comTraining & Class registration:www.amber-net.orgSUMMER 2013 AMBERTHE2
WHEN A CHILD IS TAKEN:FAMILIES GATHER TO HELP OTHERS DURINGCHILD ABDUCTIONSSome parents found their son or daughter safe.Some learned their child was murdered. But somestill do not know what happened to their littleboy or girl. The fifty people gathered May 6-7 inJacksonville, Florida for the Family Roundtableinclude parents, siblings and survivors of childabductions.The Office of Juvenile Justice andDelinquency Prevention has brought theFamily Roundtable together 8 times aspart of the National AMBER Alert Trainingand Technical Assistance Program.Each time family members and survivorsof child abductions provide insight onwhat law enforcement officers, mediarepresentatives, prosecutors and other AMBERAlert partners can do better when a child is taken.Cameron Moulton was only 2 years old when his10-year-old brother Christopher was kidnappedand brutally stabbed to death in 1995. Cameronsaid it took him years before he could finally talkabout his feelings about losing his brother.“I grew up afterwards with this weight on myshoulders,” he said. “The feeling you have on aday-to-day basis and not being able to talk abouthaving a brother or sister or withdrawing frompeople so you do not have to tell them.”She said it was very difficult to be isolated fromher parents during such a traumatic time. “Adetective called me at 2 a.m. and told me I couldnot go back to my parent’s home,” she said. “Iunderstand it now, but I did not understand it then.I just wanted to help and I felt helpless during theentire investigation.”“I grew up afterwards with thisweight on my shoulders.“Many of the siblings of child abduction victims saidthey felt forgotten. They said they want to be “truesurvivors” and not just victims. Participants helpedmake a list of things a family should know whena child is abducted. Here are some of commentsshared: You are not alone.You are not crazy.You are not at fault.You will be a suspect.You do not have to know what to do.You need to take care of your basic needs:sleep, eat and drink.Jessica Clifton’s 8-year-old sister Madelyn Raewas murdered by a 14-year-old neighbor in 2006.Continued on page 4“I just wanted to help and Ifelt helpless during the entireinvestigation.” AMBERTHESUMMER 20133
WHEN A CHILD IS TAKENContinued from page 3Dr. Veronique Valliere Law enforcement should tell the family firstabout new leads and keep the press out ofthe recovery site. Siblings should be assertive, keep theiridentity and not be afraid to get counseling. Parents should give their children ageappropriate tasks to help in the case. The media should have clear boundaries. Social media is a place where rumors andhurtful comments can spread and not beretracted.Clinical psychologist Dr. Veronique Valliere sharedwith the group some of her findings from workingwith violent and non-violent sex offenders for morethan 20 years. She said pedophilia is not curable,only containable. She added that 90% of thepedophile population will sexually assault anyonewhile the remaining 10% only assault children.Dr. Valliere said strict housing ordinances for sexoffenders actually causes sexual assault rates toincrease. However, she said sex offenders shouldbe closely watched because they prey on fear,ignorance and not being held accountable.4The 2-day roundtable also included a case studyon lessons learned from the Jaycee Dugard case.Dugard was kidnapped in 1991 and held hostageby a convicted sex offender for more than 18years. Participants also heard a presentation onhow technology is used to exploit children andways parents can prevent exploitation.Some of the parents had children who wereabducted and taken to another country. Theysaid it was difficult to get law enforcement inother countries to respond because it was oftenconsidered a custody dispute and it was verydifficult to communicate. They also said the mediaand the public showed very little interest in theirplight.“It is clear that many of the issues facingfamilies involved in domestic U.S. abductionswere different than those encountered on theinternational side,” concluded Phil Keith, ProgramDirector for the AMBER Alert Training andTechnical Assistance Program. “It seemed that lawenforcement was poorly informed on what couldbe done for the victim’s family. Because of thedanger of serious bodily injury or death, the policein the U.S. are more focused and consequently sois the media.”SUMMER 2013 AMBERTHEDuring a breakout session with siblings andsurvivors, participants offered some advice tofamily members and those who come into contactwith families during a child abduction:
PROFILE: KRISTINA BOMBAVETERAN AMBER ALERT COORDINATOR STILL FINDINGNEW WAYS TO BRING ABDUCTED CHILDREN HOMEKristina Bomba became Colorado’s AMBER AlertCoordinator when very few states had an AMBERAlert program. Bomba had been working as anintelligence analyst for the Colorado Bureau ofInvestigation (CBI) for four years when she wasasked to help launch the nation’s eighth statewidechild abduction alert on April 1, 2002.“It was a learning experience,” Bomba said. “Therewere only a few states to ask ‘how do you dothis?’ and find out what was working.”Colorado was the first state where the legislaturepassed a law to create an AMBER Alert system.Lawmakers put the plan in place but Bomba hadto reach out to other partners to make it work. “Wehad to clarify everyone’s role,” she said.Broadcasters wanted a single point of contactinstead of having more than 200 law enforcementagencies issuing an alert. They also wanted tomake sure that measures were in place to ensureeach alert was legitimate.It started with a three-step process: 1) the lawenforcement agency would contact CBI; 2) CBIwould call the radio station in charge of the state’sEmergency Alert System; and 3) CBI would sendemails and faxes to law enforcement and broadcasters.“It was a big learning curve for law enforcement,”said Bomba. “Initially they were calling us oneverything. We had to teach them the criteria andwhether or not the alert could be used.”For example, Colorado issued 12 AMBER Alerts in2003 but lately only 3 or 4 alerts are activated eachyear. “I think we have done better because of education and everyone now understands the criteriabetter,” added Bomba. “The public has also beenreceptive to the AMBER Alert because we havebeen cautious not to overuse it.”Colorado now has a much more robust systemto distribute AMBER Alerts. The alerts go out toelectronic highway signs, lottery terminals, localbusses, trains and underground utility companies.The public can register to receive the alerts byemail and a new website will automatically postthe alerts online and send the messages to thepublic through an RSS feed.Beyond changes in technology, Bomba has alsonoticed more states using the same criteria for theAMBER Alert. “Everybody was all over the board.Now we are similar,” she said. Colorado legislators had to change the state’s AMBER Alert law soColorado could issue alerts originating out of otherstates.Continued on page 7Kristina Bomba AMBERTHESUMMER 20135
ON THE FRONT LINESTENNESSEE TRUCKERS BRING AMBER ALERT SUSPECT TO A STOPAustin Morris & Jim LoweA suspect accused of assaulting his wife andsnatching their 2-year-old son was no match for atrio of truckers and highway patrol troopers whoresponded to an AMBER Alert in Tennessee. OnJanuary 9, 2013, 23-year-old Austin Whiteheadallegedly got into a violent fight with his wife andthen took their son with him in his Pontiac GrandAm.The Houston County Sheriff’s Office wanted toissue an AMBER Alert because of the assaultand because Whitehead had allegedly threatenedsuicide. Tennessee AMBER Alert Coordinator MikeCox said there was no question the alert met thestate’s criteria.“We thought he was a danger to the child becauseof his possible mental state and the injuries to hiswife,” said Cox.The Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI) oversees the statewide AMBER Alert program. Coxwas assigned to be the state AMBER Alert coordinator in September 2012 and this was the thirdtime he helped initiate an alert. “You can practiceall day long but you know it is different when itis real,” he said. “Every time I lie down at night Ithink, ‘I hope I made the right decision and did theright thing.’”After all the information was gathered the alertwent out at 1:20 p.m. to law enforcement, media, transportation, state lottery and the NationalWeather Service. The alert can go out statewide6Austin Whiteheador to three individual regions. Because authoritiesbelieved Whitehead was traveling to Covington,Georgia, Cox decided to send the alert to only themiddle and eastern regions.Moments after truck driver Jim Lowe saw theAMBER Alert on the electronic highway signs, hespotted the Pontiac Grand Am about 170 milesfrom the reported abduction. He used his radio tonotify the trucks ahead of him and three truckersstarted to box the suspect in and slow him down.“It is pretty wild,” noted Cox. “In almost 22 yearsof law enforcement I have never seen anything likeit.”Tennessee Highway Patrol dispatchers notifiedtroopers and they arrested Whitehead and safelyrecovered the young boy from the car. The AMBERAlert was cancelled less than two hours after itwas issued.“I am just glad that little kid is safe at home tonightin his own bed,” Lowe told a reporter. “I guess thatis just where God meant for me to be.”Tennessee has had five AMBER Alerts since Coxbecame the coordinator, and he said he is gratefulfor everyone who got the program up and runningbefore he started. “I have a child of my own andit makes me feel good,” he said. “It is about asfulfilling as anything we can do in law enforcement.Nothing is more important than children.”SUMMER 2013 AMBERTHETennessee AMBER AlertCoordinator Mike Cox
PROFILE: CONTINUED FROM PAGE 5Even though she has been around longer than most people in the AMBER Alert Program, Bomba is still eager to learn from others and sharewith others. “Networking is probably the most important thing you cando,” she said.Colorado’s first AMBER Alert coordinator grew up wanting to be inlaw enforcement, even visited with a private investigator specializingin missing person cases when she was in high school. Now she is themother of a 6-year-old son and nearly 2-year-old daughter and findsenormous satisfaction bringing abducted children home. “I am moresensitive since I had children,” she said. “I have more of a connectionwith the cases.”Kristina BombaEditor’s Note: Shortly after Bomba was interviewed for this story shewas transferred to an analyst position at the Colorado State Police. CBIAssistant Director of Investigations Steve Johnson wrote this when heannounced the change: “I cannot begin to describe the impact Kristinahas had for children and victims of crime in her 15 and 1/2 years withCBI. Kristina has raised the bar for us and we are a better organizationfor her efforts and dedication and will look for many of her traits andqualities in her replacement.”Kristina with her children“I cannot begin to describe the impact Kristinahas had for children and victims of crime in her15 and 1/2 years with CBI. Kristina has raisedthe bar for us and we are a better organizationfor her efforts and dedication.” AMBERTHESUMMER 20137
AMBERALERTIN INDIAN COUNTRYTHE FIGHT TO KEEP NATIVE AMERICANCHILDREN SAFEShe started running away and later began tradingsex for drugs as a prostitute at truck stops nearOklahoma City. Casey was only 19 when herbody was found after being tossed from a bridge.Authorities believe she had been murdered by an“Interstate” serial killer.Pipestem’s story was just one shared at the ChildProtection in Indian Country Meeting to showthat Native American children may be the mostvulnerable of all children when they are missing.The meeting held May 7-8 in Jacksonville, Floridaincluded law enforcement representatives from19 tribes residing in 8 States. Organizers hopethe training will help end what was called an“epidemic” of missing and runaway children fromtribal communities.Jim Walters, the Native American liaison for theAMBER Alert Training and Technical AssistanceProgram, shared that Native American childrenhave the highest levels of runaway andthrownaway children of any ethnic group. “Theytypically leave their homes and support systemsfor urban areas,” said Walters. “They are also less8likely to have access to positive resources to helpthem while they are away.”When Native American children end up in aplacement shelter or foster home, Walters saidthey are often placed with people outside theirrace and they are twice as likely to run away.“Native American boys are five times more likely torun away from placement than Caucasian boys,”he added.Why do they run? Participants offered somepossible factors, including: Children move from house to house whentheir parents are not around The child believes a better life can be foundaway from home The child believes the home has overlyrestrictive rules Physical or sexual abuse Drug and alcohol use by parents or the teenand peers Poverty and/or hopelessnessJanet Draper is a police officer and the director ofChildren and Family Services for the PotawatomiNation. She said checkerboard jurisdictionsin tribal communities also create problems forplacing a child. “State agencies make it difficultwhen they take a child into custody and they donot notify us or the tribe,” she said. “Once we areSUMMER 2013 AMBERTHECasey Jo Pipestem excelled at basketball andpoetry in high school and was known for her lankybuild and big smile. But the Native American teenwas shuffled from home to home because hermother was attempting to get out of a difficultrelationship.
notified we transfer the case to the tribe and startover.”Presenters noted that people living outside triballands often do not understand the culture or IndianChild Welfare laws. Also, some communities do nothave the needed resources and infrastructure or acentralized source of reporting for cases involvingchildren.UNIQUE DANGERS FOR NATIVEAMERICAN WOMEN AND GIRLSIndigenous women have been exploited since thefirst Europeans came to America. Today studiesshow that Native American women and girls aresignificantly overrepresented in the sex tradeindustry.An analysis of 2007 prostitution arrest data in thecounty encompassing Minneapolis found that 24%of arrests involved Native American women, morethan 12 times their representation in the county’spopulation. Other studies found similar results inWashington, Oregon and Montana.The Centers for Disease Control and Preventiondid the largest study ever done on family violenceand found that 39% of Native American womenwere victims of intimate partner violence, thehighest rate for all ethnic groups.Other studies found that Native American womenhave the highest rate of sexual assault and rape: AMBERTHESUMMER 20137.7 per 1,000 women versus 1.5 for AfricanAmerican women, 1.1 for White women, 0.6 forHispanic women and 0.2 for Asian women.TEAM APPROACHParticipants learned that a team approach iscapable of making a big difference in protectingNative American children. Child AbductionResponse Teams (CART) can be developed intribal communities to respond with the neededresources and expertise to handle missing andabducted child cases. An Internet Crimes AgainstChildren (ICAC) Task Force can be used to protectchildren from online predators.Some tribes have already implemented MultiDisciplinary Teams (MDT) or Child ProtectionTeams (CPT) made up of representatives fromlaw enforcement, social services, schools, health,courts and elders. These teams are responsiblefor prevention, intervention, investigations andaftercare for children.Native Americans have strong beliefs about familyrelationships and extended families. Some tribalcommunities have been able to reduce the numberof runaways by placing a child with other familymembers or even with families from the same tribe.Successful programs also helped in culturalimmersion, mentoring and community service.The ultimate goal is to make sure Native Americanchildren are protected and those who prey onchildren are aggressively prosecuted.9
AMBERALERTINTERNATIONALCANADA UNVEILS WEBSITE FOR MISSINGPERSONS AND UNIDENTIFIED REMAINSThe Royal Canadian Mounted Police’s(RCMP) National Centre for MissingPersons and Unidentified Remainshas a new website to help the publicreport tips on missing person casesand identify remains. Some cases arevery old but police officers, medicalexaminers and coroners are still hopingthe public can provide answers. Thewebsite can be found atwww.canadasmissing.ca.NEWFOUNDLAND GETS NEW AMBERALERT COORDINATORConstable Monica Murphy has been named as thenew AMBER Alert coordinator for Newfoundland.Murphy replaces Staff Sergeant Sean Enniswho helped set up the province’s AMBER AlertProgram. “It has been an honor for me to workalong side you all, and to be part of the AMBERAlert program in Canada,” said Ennis. “Weshould never forget the assistance and mentoringprovided to us by our United States partners,which has allowed us to arrive where we findourselves today.”SUMMER 2013 AMBERTHE10Staff Sergeant Sean Ennis
ODDS & ENDSWEST VIRGINIA EXPANDS AMBER ALERTPROGRAMLaw enforcement officers in West Virginia may no longer have to “confirm” achild has been abducted in order to issue an AMBER Alert. The state senateapproved a bill in April that would allow the alert to be issued for any missingchild. Legislators also approved the “Kelsey Smith Act” that lets police compela wireless provider to issue a “ping” on the phone of anyone considered to be indanger. Police in Kansas were denied access to Kelsey Smith’s cell phone number for 4 days because she had not dialed 911. Her body was found 45 minutesafter a ping finally went out. Read more: http://wapo.st/18fh4bnNEW YORK CABBIES GET ONLINE AMBERALERT TRAININGAbout 24,000 taxi and limo drivers in Queens, New York are receiving onlinetraining on the AMBER Alert system. The training program found atfhvinstitute.org teaches drivers how to respond to AMBER Alerts. Drivers areable to receive AMBER Alerts directly through their dispatcher devices. Driverscan also become members of a “neighborhood watch on wheels” to help makethe streets safer.NEW MEXICO LAUNCHES SILVER ALERTFOR MISSING SENIOR CITIZENSNew Mexico now has a Silver Alert to help find missing elderly people. GovernorSusan Martinez signed a law creating a statewide Silver Alert in July. The alert willnotify law enforcement, media and others when a person 50 years or older withAlzheimer’s, dementia or a brain injury goes missing.Read more: http://bit.ly/19rYT3aMICHIGAN PROMOTES AMBER ALERTAWA
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