Strong Clinical Center News /strong An NIH Strong Research /strong Dynasty In Building 3
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR VOLUME 20 ISSUE 5 SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2012An NIH Research Dynasty in Building 3Extramural Investigators WelcomeA Who’s Who of Biomedical ResearchersBY MAGGIE MCGUIRE, CCBY HEATHER DOLANNIH intramural investigators maysoon have company at the NIH ClinicalCenter (CC) when a new grant programoffers access to extramural researcherswho want to partner with them.The move will help maintain the CC’sstatus as a “national treasure,” said NIHDirector Francis Collins. “Opening itsdoors to a greater pool of researchers willwelcome fresh perspectives and cultivatenew opportunities for discovery that willtranslate to greater human health.”The CC launched a new Web search-resources/index.html) that offersa “Collaborator’s Toolkit” that includes alisting of the hospital’s research resources—such as its metabolic unit, pharmaceuticaldevelopment capabilities, and advancedresearch–related radiology imaging services—and instructions for how extramuralresearchers can initiate partnerships withintramural scientists.“The Clinical Center should be availablefor collaborations that will further enhancethe translation of scientific observations andlaboratory discoveries into new approachesfor diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease,” said CC Director and NIH AssociateDirector for Clinical Research John Gallin.In addition to the new grant programcalled Opportunities for CollaborativeResearch at the NIH Clinical les/NOT-HD-12-025.html), extramuralNIH’s Building 3 was once aresearcher’s paradise. For morethan half a century, it was chockfull of remarkable scientists andbustling with activity. Before itclosed in 2001, it had housed someof NIH’s best biomedical investigators—pioneering malaria researchers, the first female board-certifiedheart surgeon, a fledging leader ofthe pharmaceutical industry, threefuture NIH directors, 15 scientists who were inducted into theNational Academy of Sciences, andfive eventual Nobel laureates.The historic building sat vacantfor almost 10 years before extensiverenovations began to transform it intothe office building it is today. TheNIH’s Building 3, a hotbed of research until it was closed in 2001,outside, down to the landscaping, was home to pioneering malaria researchers, the first female heartlooks almost the same as it did in surgeon, three future NIH directors, five eventual Nobel laureates,1938. Even the trees are the same: and cars that could plow through a brick wall. (Photo circa 1950)Workers were careful to preserve the root systems. But inside, the interior walls, elevators,stairs, restrooms, and mechanical, electrical, and telecommunication distribution systemswere torn down and replaced. In March 2012, dozens of administrative staff members fromsix institutes (NIAID, NHLBI, NIDDK, NCI, NINR, and NIMHD) began moving in.But listen carefully and you can almost hear the ghosts of the amazing people whoonce worked there.CONTINUED ON PAGE 14COURTESY: NIH OFFICE OF HISTORYClinical Center NewsCONTINUED ON PAGE 10CONTENTSFEATURES 1 CC welcomes extramural investigators 1 Building 3 6 NHLBI: CynthiaDunbar 7 NIBIB: 10th Anniversary 9 NCCAM's new scientific director 14 PI ProfilePages Go Live 15 News BriefsDEPARTMENTS 2 From the DDIR: Then and Now 3 Commentary 3 Abbreviations 4 The Training Page 5 News You Can Use: Freezers 5 The SIG Beat 8 IntramuralResearch Briefs 16 Colleagues: Recently Tenured 19 Announcements 20 Photo
FROM THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR INTRAMURAL RESEARCHThen and NowBY MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, DDIRThis issue of the C atalyst includesan article about the renovation of Building 3 and reminiscences about the glorythat was ours in the early 1950s whengiants roamed the halls of NIH, especially Building 3. (Not to be outdone,Building 2 was no slouch either, but thatis for another essay.)You can read about the amazing concentration of future National Academy ofScience members and Nobel laureates whorubbed shoulders there, and you mightrightly ask, where are those shouldersto rub now? Even though things havechanged, I would argue that the NIHintramural research program has retainedits disproportionate impact on biomedical research.The era of NIH support of researchin universities and other extramural siteswas just beginning in the 1950s—about50 percent of the NIH budget was spenton intramural research then. So the topscientists in the world were attracted toNIH, where there were stable supportfor research, outstanding modern facilities and equipment, and colleagues whowere interactive and interested in eachother’s work. Furthermore, NIH wasa place where spouses could find jobs,and so couples—such as the Stadtmans(Thressa and Earl), the Tabors (HerbertTabor and Celia White Tabor), and JackOrloff and Martha Vaughan—wererecruited together, adding substantiallyto the quality and gender diversity of thescience here.Today, the intramural budget isapproximately 10 percent of the overall2THE NIH CATALYST SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2012NIH budget. Yet intramural NIH remainsat the forefront of biomedical research: 50investigators are members of the NationalAcademy of Sciences; 50 are members ofthe Institute of Medicine; and the intramural program is consistently recognizedfor its cutting-edge research throughawards, its more than 6,000 publicationsper year, and its high citation rates.The same formula that brought luminaries to the NIH 60 years ago works tosustain this high productivity and impacttoday: long-term stable support, talentedcolleagues, and state-of-the-art resources.The National Human Genome ResearchInstitute and the new NIH Center forAcceleration of Translational Scienceexemplify how NIH has kept ahead ofthe curve in developing technology thatmoves research, not incrementally, butin quantum jumps.But we don’t rest on our laurels. Threeyears ago the scientific directors initiateda program to recruit the most outstandingand diverse tenure-track investigators toNIH. We are using a global search process named after Earl Stadtman, one ofBuilding 3’s biochemical superstars and amentor to many of the stars who came tothe NIH to work with him. This searchhas so far identified nearly two-dozenhighly creative and interactive scientistswho will surely be future members of theNational Academies and award winners.In addition, in 2011 intramural scientists garnered three of the 20 PresidentialEarly Career Awards in Science and Engineering (PECASE); a fourth PECASEawardee has been recruited to NIH.Finally, let me mention the critical role that the NIH Clinical Center(CC) has played in the pre-eminence ofthe NIH intramural research program.Since the CC’s construction was completed in 1954, it has been an essentialsite for long-term natural history studiesas well as early-phase and first-in-humanclinical trials.Recognized in 2011 by a distinguished Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award, the CC’s medical milestonesinclude the development of chemotherapyfor cancer; the first use of an immunotoxin to treat a malignancy; identificationof genes that cause kidney cancer, leading to the development of six new treatments; the demonstration that lithiumhelps depression; the first gene therapy;the first treatment of AIDS (with zidovudine); and the development of teststo detect AIDS and HIV and hepatitisviruses in blood, which led to a saferblood supply.The recent request for applications forjoint intramural-extramural collaborative clinical research (see article on page1) will bring a new dimension and newtalent to the CC, as will our partnership with the Lasker Foundation, theNIH-Lasker Clinical Research Scholarsprogram (http://www.nih.gov/science/laskerscholar). The Lasker programseeks to recruit the best and brightestnew clinical researchers to tenure-trackpositions at the NIH with the promiseof long-term support either at the NIHor via an extramural grant mechanismafter completion of the tenure track.
COMMENTARYNIH ABBREVIATIONSLettersEarly Graduate Programs at NIHAs I was reading the articles about NIHgraduate education in the July-August 2012issue of the NIH Catalyst (Michael Gottesman’s essay and Meghan Mott’s feature,“Grad Students Unite”), I was remindedof the early activities of the Foundationfor Advanced Education in the Sciences(FAES). Its educational program was initiated in the 1950s by Daniel Steinberg, thenchief of the Laboratory of Metabolism inNHLBI and the first FAES president. Heis now a distinguished professor emeritusat the University of California, San DiegoSchool of Medicine, and the sole survivor ofthe 12 FAES founders. The program, whichaimed to enhance the education of postdoctoral fellows, began under the auspices of theU.S. Department of Agriculture, which hada similar program. No degree was offered,and the then–NIH Director James Shannon did not support the possibility of NIHoffering a Ph.D. degree.In the 1960s, the FAES initiated ajoint Ph.D. program with the BiologyDepartment of Johns Hopkins University(Baltimore). Students had two years ofcourse study at Hopkins, did their thesisresearch at NIH, and received a Ph.D. fromthe university. In return for the Hopkinsfaculty teaching “our” Ph.D. students fortwo years, Steinberg, Earl Stadtman, and Igave lectures in the advanced biochemistrycourse at Hopkins. FAES had a similar, butless extensive program, with (I think) theBiophysics Department at the Universityof Maryland’s College Park campus.I ceased participating in the Hopkinsprogram when I went on sabbatical to Cambridge, England, in 1969. Alan Schechter[NIDDK] reminds me that the FAESprograms continued under the sequential direction of him, Elizabeth Neufeld[former NINDS researcher], and DavidDavies [NIDDK], each for about a decade.DeWitt “Hans” Stetten was very active inthe FAES. When he was deputy directorfor intramural research, he proposed thatthe NIH have its own graduate programwith authority to offer its own Ph.D. Thisidea did not receive widespread supportfrom the NIH staff.The FAES initiative, which involvedmajor financial contributions from theFAES, was a pilot program for two or threenew students a year. Ultimately, about 50students received Ph.D. degrees, mostly fromJohns Hopkins, for research done at NIH.Many of these students have gone on tohave distinguished careers at NIH, the Foodand Drug Administration, and elsewhere.The FAES graduate program lasteduntil the mid-1990s, when it was foldedinto the NIH Graduate Partnerships Program. Graduate education at the NIH isone of the many FAES activities that havecontributed to NIH being a wonderfullyatypical federal institution.—Edward Korn, Ph.D.Korn, chief of the Laboratory of Cell Biologyand former scientific director (1989-1999) inNHLBI, is a past-president of FAES.Resveratrol RevealedIt takes nothing away from the outstanding contribution of Jay Chung (“ResveratrolRevealed,” July-August 2012 Catalyst) tonote that co-authors of the Cell paper includetwo other NHLBI senior scientists: MichaelBeaven, now emeritus but still working at thebench, and Vincent Manganiello, for manyyears one of the world’s leading investigatorsof phosphodiesterases. I would have likedto have seen them, as well as the other coauthors, mentioned in the article.—Edward D. Korn, Ph.D.Editor’s note: We updated our online editionof the Catalyst to note all the authors on thepaper (Cell 148:421-433, 2012): Sung-JunPark, Faiyaz Ahmad, Alexandra L. Brown,Myung K. Kim, Michael A. Beaven, VincentManganiello, and Jay H. Chung.CBER: Center for Biologics Evaluation andResearch, FDACC: NIH Clinical CenterCCR: Center for Cancer Research, NCICDC: Centers for Disease Control andPreventionCIT: Center for Information TechnologyDCEG: Division of Cancer Epidemiologyand Genetics, NCIDOE: Department of EnergyFAES: Foundation for Advanced Educationin the SciencesFelCom: Fellows CommitteeFDA: Food and Drug AdministrationIRP: Intramural Research ProgramHHS: U.S. Department of Healthand Human ServicesNCATS: National Center for AdvancingTranslational SciencesNCCAM: National Center forComplementary and Alternative MedicineNCBI: National Center for BiotechnologyInformationNCI: National Cancer InstituteNEI: National Eye InstituteNHGRI: National Human GenomeResearch InstituteNHLBI: National Heart, Lung,and Blood InstituteNIA: National Institute on AgingNIAAA: National Institute on AlcoholAbuse and AlcoholismNIAID: National Institute of Allergyand Infectious DiseasesNIAMS: National Institute of Arthritisand Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesNIBIB: National Institute of BiomedicalImaging and BioengineeringNICHD: Eunice Kennedy ShriverNational Institute of Child Health andHuman DevelopmentNIDA: National Institute on Drug AbuseNIDCD: National Institute on Deafnessand Other Communication DisordersNIDCR: National Institute of Dentaland Craniofacial ResearchNIDDK: National Institute of Diabetesand Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNIEHS: National Institute ofEnvironmental Health SciencesNIGMS: National Institute ofGeneral Medical SciencesNIMH: National Institute of Mental HealthNIMHD: National Institute on MinorityHealth and Health DisparitiesNINDS: National Institute ofNeurological Disorders and StrokeNINR: National Institute of Nursing ResearchNLM: National Library of MedicineOD: Office of the DirectorOITE: Office of Intramural Trainingand EducationOIR: Office of Intramural ResearchORS: Office of Research ServicesORWH: Office of Research on Women’s HealthOTT: Office of Technology Transferhttp://irp.nih.gov/catalyst3
THE TRAINING PAGEFROM THE FELLOWS COMMITTEEEffective Poster: Planning, Preparing, PresentingBY ROZA SELIMYAN, NIAAwa r d -w i n n i ng p o s t e r s h av esomething in common, and it’s notjust the science presented. Presenting effective scientific posters can leadto interesting scientif ic discussions,opportunities for networking and collaborating, and even job offers. Whenyou are planning, preparing, and presenting a poster, it is important toremember that it is a visual tool for science communication.PLANNINGDetermine the poster’s main message: Thefirst step is to define your message andkeep the focus on it throughout the poster.Find out how much space is available:Use the provided space effectively. It isnot wise to have your poster occupy onlyone-third of the space provided or tohave parts of it hanging from the sides ofthe display board. Most scientific eventsprovide guidelines for preparing postersincluding the space available for each. Ifnot, request this information from theorganizers.Allow yourself plenty of time to prepare:Even if you have all figures and tablesready, you should still give yourselfenough time to prepare the poster.Laying out the figures in a logical andaesthetically appealing manner requiresa considerable amount of time. In addition, you need time for editing. Askingyour peers to look at the poster is a greatidea, but this too requires time.Decide whether to have your poster printed:Consider whether you have the time andmoney to have your poster printed. If not,one option is to print each section onseparate pieces of letter-sized paper andassemble them on the poster board.4THE NIH CATALYST SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2012PREPARINGPRESENTINGContent: Ask yourself what information is absolutely essential for conveyingyour main message, and avoid all otherdetails. If necessary, you can mention otherdetails during your presentation. Avoid thecommon mistake of repeating the sameinformation in the “Summary” and “Conclusions” sections. The “Summary” sectionshould present results; the “Conclusions”section should interpret them.Presentation is everything: Careful planning and preparing are important for asuccessful poster presentation, but theywill not matter much if you don’t preparewell for your presentation.Title: Choose an interesting title.Layout: Be sure the poster is organized,has a logical flow, and can be understoodby the viewer. A typical format is Introduction, Goals/Objectives, Methods, Results,Summary, and Conclusions. Don’t count onbeing able to explain everything during yourpresentation. You might not be standing byyour poster the entire time, especially if youhad to hang it up well before the session.Text: The biggest difference between ascientific paper and a poster is that a papertells and a poster shows. For a poster, haveattractive graphics and figures. Use textsparingly; sentences and text blocks shouldbe short and to the point. Keep in mindthat everything—including figure legendsand labels—on your poster should be readable from a six-foot distance.Colors: Colors can make your postermore attractive, but too many colors ortoo-bright colors quickly become distracting and even tiring on the eyes. Choosecontrasting colors: dark letters on a lightbackground. (Avoid using light letters ona dark background.)Editing: It is impossible to overemphasizethe importance of editing. You should perform scrupulous editing, avoid typos, andask your peers to check your poster as well.Practice: Practice your presentation beforea test audience.Adapt your presentation to your audience: For people in your immediate field,a lengthy introduction may be boring. Forothers, be ready to provide more background information. Often your audiencewill include scientists from a wide range ofdisciplines, so be ready for their questions.Provide the context for your project: Showyour audience the big picture and thennarrow their attention to your project.Interpret and relate results to the big picture.Show enthusiasm: Avoid jargon, andexplain your work simply and clearly.Engage your audience: All your effortsin planning, preparing, and presenting aposter should be made by keeping in mindthat the measure of success for a posterpresentation ultimately comes to how wellyou engage your listeners.For more information on preparing posters, go to 7/ and https://w w w.training.nih.gov/assets/GSCPosterTips.pdf.ROZA SELIMYAN IS A MOLECULAR BIOLOGIST WORKING ON THE REGULATION OFGENE EXPRESSION. SHE HAS LED MANYJUDGING COMMITTEES AT VARIOUS SCIENTIFIC EVENTS COVERING A WIDERANGE OF BIOMEDICAL TOPICS.
NEWS YOU CAN USETHE SIG BEATFreeze.But First Move QuicklyNEWS FROM AND ABOUT THE NIHSCIENTIFIC INTEREST GROUPSReplacing Energy-Guzzling Freezers Saves Research DollarsBY CHRISTOPHER WANJEKBreastfeedingThe Breastfeeding and Human LactationScience at NIH is energy-intensivework in more ways than one. There’saround-the-clock labor. And then there’sthe friendly neighborhood power plantproviding the electricity to run all thoseinstruments and machines jokes aboutpost-storm reliability aside.Science is also expensive. The typicalmonthly PEPCO energy bill is in the 5million range. A not-so-insignificant portion of this amount is due to freezer use.There are at least 2,400 freezers on theBethesda campus alone. Nearly every labhas one and many have two.Freezers usually are the greatest singlesource users of electricity in the labs. Anold and inefficient freezer could use asmuch electricity as a 2,500-square-foothouse.This past summer, however, the NIHreplaced 98 old freezers with 70 new ones,a scheme that will save approximately 65,000 annually on energy costs. The purchases were part of an innovative programdreamt up by the NIH Office of ResearchFacilities (ORF), one of the offices thathelp keep this place running.Because the winter of 2011–2012 wasso warm, the NIH’s utility bill was lowerthan expected. Better yet, the ORF founda way to funnel the savings into research.The ORF allocated 685,000 to subsidizenew freezer purchases by 50 percent. Labsaccepted into the program contributed thematching funds.That program—a huge success—isover. But if you want a new freezer at adiscounted price, you aren’t completely outin the cold. The Office of Research Services(ORS) Division of Scientific Equipmentand Instrumentation Services has negotiated a discounted, bulk-purchase pric
CBER: strong Center /strong for Biologics Evaluation and strong Research /strong , FDA CC: NIH Clinical strong Center /strong CCR: strong Center for Cancer Research /strong , NCI CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CIT: strong Center /strong for Information Technology DCEG: Division of strong Cancer /strong Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI DOE: Department of Energy FAES: Foundation for Advanced Education in the Sciences
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characterization of automotive disc brake, Applied Thermal Engineering (2014), doi: 10.1016/ j.applthermaleng.2014.10.001. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is .
