Report No. DODIG-2021-066: Evaluation Of Department Of .
Report No. DODIG-2021-066I nspec tor Ge ne ralU.S. Department of DefenseMARCH 29, 2021Evaluation of Department of DefenseVoting Assistance Programs forCalendar Year 2020INTEGRITY INDEPENDENCE EXCELLENCE
Results in BriefEvaluation of Department of Defense Voting AssistancePrograms for Calendar Year 2020March 29, 2021Background (cont’d)Objectivecalendar year, and the Inspectors General of the Army, Navy,Air Force, and Marine Corps,to annually:The objective of our evaluation was to reporton the effectiveness of voting assistanceprograms and the level of compliance withthe voting assistance programs of the Army,Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps duringcalendar year 2020, in accordance withthe requirements of section 1566, title 10,United States Code (10 U.S.C § 1566 [2014]),as amended.Additionally, we determined whether theFederal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP)Office complied with the requirementsof DoD Instruction 1000.04, with regardto outreach efforts to Uniformed andOverseas Citizens Absentee VotingAct (UOCAVA) voters.1BackgroundPublic Law 99-410, “The Uniformed andOverseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act,”as modified by the Military and OverseasVoter Empowerment (MOVE) Act and otherprovisions, states that Service Members,their eligible family members, and othereligible overseas voters have the right tovote. The law establishes voting assistanceprograms intended to help these absenteevoters register and vote.Another law, 10 U.S.C. § 1566 requires theDoD Inspector General (IG) to complete anannual report by March 31st of each1DoD Instruction 1000.04, “Federal Voting AssistanceProgram (FVAP),” November 12, 2019. review the compliance and effectiveness of theirService’s voting assistance program, and report the results to the DoD IG in time to be reflectedin the IG’s March 31 report to Congress.In addition, the Secretary of each Military Department, or thePresidential designee, is required to take appropriate actionsto inform absent Uniformed Services voters of assistanceavailable, including: the availability of information and voter registrationassistance at voting assistance offices (including theofficial post card form); and the time, location, and manner in which an absentUniformed Services voter may use such assistance.The Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readinesscarried out voting assistance through the FVAP Office.Service Voting AssistanceProgram SummariesWe are reporting on the annual assessments of the MilitaryServices voting assistance programs for 2020 submitted bythe Military Service IGs. Each of the Service IGs appliedthe measures of performance and effect (see Appendix C forService voting assistance program performance metrics andreporting requirements), illustrated Service coordination withthe FVAP Office, and described distribution of voting materialsand contact with eligible voters. In addition, the Service IGsapplied a standardized checklist for their inspections ofvoting assistance programs in seven specific program areas:staffing, training, material distribution, communicationand information network, commander and installation-levelinvolvement, program compliance, and program effectiveness.DODIG-2021-066 (Project No. D2021-DEV0PA-0004.000) i
Results in BriefEvaluation of Department of Defense Voting AssistancePrograms for Calendar Year 2020Summaries (cont’d)Each Service IG found their Service’s voting assistanceprogram to be compliant with the requirementsof UOCAVA and DoD Instruction 1000.04 andgenerally effective. The Army IG reported that the Army votingassistance program was effective. The reportstated that 23 of 23 (100 percent) commandsinspected developed redundant systems to eitherhand-deliver or electronically deliver the “VoterRegistration and Absentee Ballot Request: FederalPost Card Application” to eligible voters. Withregard to outreach, the Army’s voting assistanceprogram enabled 166,704 soldiers, civilians, familymembers, and contractors to participate fully inthe election process. In addition, the Army IGinspected 23 of 23 (100 percent) of the installationvoting assistance offices, and 1,572 of 1,644 units(96 percent). All inspected units had designatedunit voting assistance officers in writing. Of the23 senior-level commands the Army IG inspected,1,572 of 1,644 unit voting assistance officerscomplied with DoD Instruction 1000.04 andArmy guidance regarding delivery of absenteeballot requests. The Naval IG reported that the Navy votingassistance program was effective. The Commanderof Navy Installations Command Enterprise,encompassing 10 regions and 70 installations,determined that the Navy voting assistanceprogram was compliant and effective in accordancewith DoD Instruction 1000.04 and Navy policy.The Naval IG evaluated 31 Navy commandsbased on command inspection visits, and aself-assessment data call. Of the 31 commandsassessed, 27 (87 percent) were compliant andfour (13 percent) were partially compliant.Of the four that were partially compliant,three were found to be effective overall atii DODIG-2021-066 (Project No. D2021-DEV0PA-0004.000)disseminating voting information to personneland subordinate units. One was only partiallyeffective. Risk to voting assistance in thesecommands was mitigated by the availabilityof voting assistance materials online throughthe FVAP website and informational appsprovided by the Commander of Navy InstallationsCommand, as well as access to installation votingassistance offices. With regard to outreach duringthe 2020 general election for the Federal officecycle, the Naval IG contacted 661,853 militarypersonnel, 12,185 spouses and dependents; and139,511 civilians. The Air Force IG reported that the Air Force votingassistance program was effective. The Air ForceIG reported that it inspected 100 percent ofreportable units (151 organizations), and that172 deficiencies were reported, with 92 of158 minor deficiencies remaining open, and 10 of14 significant deficiencies remaining open. Therewere zero critical deficiencies. With regard tooutreach during the 2020 general election for theFederal office cycle, the Air Force IG stated thatFVAP records confirmed the Air Force providedvoter assistance for a combined total at theinstallation and unit levels for 1,088,671 militarypersonnel, 35,320 spouses and dependents, and150,149 civilians. The Marine Corps IG reported that theMarine Corps voting assistance program waseffective. The Marine Corps IG based itsconclusion on the results of 142 inspections,quarterly voting reports, and performance metrics.With regard to outreach, Marine Corps votingassistance offices provided voting assistance to216,113 military personnel, 8,601 spouses, and13,929 Federal civilian personnel.
Results in BriefEvaluation of Department of Defense Voting AssistancePrograms for Calendar Year 2020FindingWe also reviewed compliance with DoD Instruction 1000.04with regard to outreach efforts to UOCAVA voters.The FVAP Office generally provided effective outreachassistance to eligible UOCAVA voters and their familymembers, as well as external stakeholder agencies,such as the Election Assistance Commission, and theDepartments of Commerce, Health and Human Services,Justice, State, and Transportation.The FVAP Office coordinated with the Services, electionofficials, eligible voters, and Congress to ensure thatService members, their eligible family members, andoverseas citizens were aware of their right to vote andhad the tools and resources to successfully exercisethat right. Specifically, the FVAP Office performedoutreach through multiple actions, as required byDoD Instruction 1000.04. Those actions included: Service engagement - Coordination with votingassistance officers and the FVAP Office, and theavailability of the website portal, ensure thatvoting tools and resources, such as absenteevoting forms, materials, training, and guidance,are available for eligible voters. Election official engagement – Engagement withState and local election officials to ensure officials’awareness of their responsibilities under theUOCAVA, and provide them with the informationand tools needed to assist voters covered bythe UOCAVA. Direct voter assistance to eligible voters - Assistanceis provided through the FVAP.gov website, a voter callcenter, and a comprehensive voter assistance guide. Research and evaluation - Analysis of post-electionsurveys and voting assistance officer metricsidentify trends and any obstacles to voting. Congressional reporting – Annual reportssummarize post-election survey results on theeffectiveness, oversight, and compliance of FVAPefforts, and the corresponding assistance providedto eligible voters. External stakeholder agency engagement –Coordination with external stakeholder agencies,including the Election Assistance Commission, andthe Departments of Commerce, Health and HumanServices, Justice, State, and Transportation is keyto enhance outreach and ensure a collaborative andefficient effort to support eligible UOCAVA-coveredvoters and their eligible family members,including those in deployed, dispersed, andtenant organizations.As a result of actions by the FVAP Office, eligible votershad the information necessary to participate in thevoting process. DoD organizations and leaders also hadthe necessary tools to ensure access to and comply withFederal law and DoD Instruction 1000.04.However, the FVAP Office had not developed andimplemented agreements, such as memorandums ofunderstanding, with all external stakeholder agenciesto enhance outreach and ensure a collaborative andefficient effort to support UOCAVA voters. Entering intomemorandums of understanding with other Federalagencies will allow the FVAP Office to strengthen itscommunications by expanding its outreach throughother federal agencies. These efforts boost voterawareness, knowledge, and participation in upcomingelection cycles.RecommendationWe recommend that the Director of the FVAPOffice develop and implement agreements, such asmemorandums of understanding, with all externalDODIG-2021-066 (Project No. D2021-DEV0PA-0004.000) iii
Results in BriefEvaluation of Department of Defense Voting AssistancePrograms for Calendar Year 2020Recommendation (cont’d)stakeholder agencies to enhance outreach effortsand ensure a collaborative and efficient effort tosupport UOCAVA voters and their eligible familymembers, including those in deployed, dispersed,and tenant organizations.Management Commentsand Our ResponseThe Director of the FVAP Office agreed with therecommendation. The comments from the Directorof the FVAP Office addressed the intent of therecommendation; therefore, the recommendation isresolved and open. We will close the recommendationonce we obtain and verify that the agreements, such asmemorandums of understanding, were implemented withexternal stakeholder agencies.Please see the Recommendations Table on the next pagefor the status of the recommendation.iv DODIG-2021-066 (Project No. D2021-DEV0PA-0004.000)
Recommendation TableManagementDirector of the FVAP OfficeRecommendations Recommendations Note: The following categories are used to describe agency management’s comments to individual recommendations. Unresolved – Management has not agreed to implement the recommendation or has not proposed actions thatwill address the recommendation. Resolved – Management agreed to implement the recommendation or has proposed actions that will address theunderlying finding that generated the recommendation. Closed – OIG verified that the agreed upon corrective actions were implemented.DODIG-2021-066 (Project No. D2021-DEV0PA-0004.000) v
INSPECTOR GENERALDEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE4800 MARK CENTER DRIVEALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA 22350-1500MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR OF THE FEDERAL VOTING ASSISTANCEPROGRAM OFFICEMarch 29, 2021SUBJECT: Evaluation of Department of Defense Voting Assistance Programs forCalendar Year 2020 (Report No. DODIG-2021-066)This final report provides the results of the DoD Office of Inspector General’s evaluation.We previously provided copies of the draft report and requested written comments on therecommendation. We considered management’s comments on the draft report when preparingthe final report. These comments are included in the report.The Director of the FVAP Office agreed with the recommendation. The comments fromthe Director of the FVAP Office addressed the intent of the recommendation; therefore, therecommendation is resolved and open. We will close the recommendation once we obtain andverify that the agreements, such as memorandums of understanding, were implemented withexternal stakeholder agencies.DoD Instruction 7650.03 requires that all recommendations be resolved promptly. We conductedthis evaluation in accordance with the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity andEfficiency Quality Standards for Inspection and Evaluation.We appreciate the cooperation and assistance received during the evaluation. If you have anyquestions or would like to meet to discuss the evaluation, please contactBryan T. ClarkActing Assistant Inspector General forEvaluations Programs, CombatantCommands, and Overseas ContingencyOperationsvi DODIG-2021-066
ContentsIntroductionObjective. 1Background . . 1Military Service Inspector General Reports. 6Military Service Voting Assistance Programs Were Compliantand Generally Effective. 7The Army Inspector General Reported the Service Voting AssistanceProgram as Effective. . 7The Naval Inspector General Reported the Service Voting Assistance Program asEffective. . 8The Marine Corps Inspector General Reported the Service Voting AssistanceProgram as Effective. . 9The Air Force Inspector General Reported the Service Voting AssistanceProgram as Effective. .10Finding. The FVAP Office Generally ProvidedEffective Outreach Assistance to Eligible UOCAVAVoters and Family Members, and ExternalStakeholder Agencies; However, The FVAP OfficeDid Not Implement Agreements With All ExternalStakeholder Agencies to Enhance Outreach Efforts. 13The FVAP Office Generally Provided Effective Outreach Assistance toEligible UOCAVA Voters and Their Family Members, as Well asExternal Stakeholder Agencies.14The FVAP Office Did Not Develop and Implement Written Agreements With AllExternal Stakeholder Agencies to Enhance Outreach Efforts. 27Recommendations, Management Comments, and Our Response. . 29DODIG-2021-066 vii
Contents (cont’d)AppendixesAppendix A. Scope and Methodology . 31Statute and Executive Policy. 32Department of Defense Guidance. 32Use of Computer-Processed Data. 33Prior Coverage. 33Appendix B. Federal Voting Assistance Program Overview . 35Appendix C. FVAP Voting Assistance Metrics . 38Appendix D. FVAP.gov Website Outreach Material. . 43Appendix E. UOCAVA Voting Process. 45Management CommentsFederal Voting Assistance Program Response.47Acronyms and Abbreviations. . 48Glossary. 49viii DODIG-2021-066
IntroductionIntroductionObjectiveThe objective of our evaluation was to report on the effectiveness of voting assistanceprograms and the level of compliance with the voting assistance programsof the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps during calendar year 2020, inaccordance with the requirements of section 1566, title 10, United States Code(10 U.S.C § 1566 [2014]), as amended.Additionally, we determined whether the Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP)Office complied with the requirements of DoD Instruction 1000.04, with regard tooutreach efforts to Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA)voters. 2 See Appendix A for the Scope and Methodology and the Glossary for adefinition of the technical terms used in this report.BackgroundPublic Law 99-410, “The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act,”as modified by the “Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment (MOVE) Act,” andother provisions, states that the right to vote is important to Service members,their eligible family members, and other eligible overseas voters (see the Glossaryfor a definition of UOCAVA citizens). UOCAVA, as amended, establishes variousvoting assistance programs intended to help voters who are unable to vote inperson, register, vote, and have their vote counted through the absentee votingprocess. UOCAVA applies to U.S. citizens who are active members of the UniformedServices, the Merchant Marine, the Commissioned Corps of the Public HealthService and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, their eligiblefamily members, and U.S. citizens residing outside the United States who areabsent from the place of residence where they are otherwise qualified to vote.See Appendix E for additional information on the UOC
Mar 31, 2021 · 15 Department of the Navy Office of the Naval Inspector General report, “2020 Navy Voting Assistance Program Assessment,” December 17, 2020. 16 OPNAVINST 1742.1C, “Navy Voting Assistance Program,” February 5, 2016. DODIG-2021-0
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Jul 30, 2019 · Items (Report No. DODIG -2019-106) (U) This final report provides the results of the DoD Office of Inspector General’s audit. We previously provided copies of the draft report and requested written comments on the recommendations. We considered management’s comments on the draft report
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