Literature Review Workshop - University Of Nevada, Las Vegas
Writing a Literature Review forEngineersSue WainscottSTEM Librarian, UNLV LibrariesJulie LongoTechnical Communications, Howard R. Hughes College of EngineeringJulie.Longo@unlv.edu
HOW TO CONDUCT A QUALITY LITERATURE SEARCH Purpose of a literature review Getting started Search strategies Keeping up to date Organizing your material Reading and evaluating your material When are you finished with your literature search?HOW TO WRITE A LITERATURE REVIEW Refresher: How to read a paper critically Levels of writing a literature review How to organize your material before writing Writing a Level I literature review: biblographic annotation Writing a Level 2 literature review: contrast and compareContents Writing a Level 3: integration and synthesis
These workshops count towards the Graduate CollegeResearch Certificate Program.You may want to apply for this program.
Introductions Please introduce yourself to the group, including: Your name Your departmentImage from 961
When you hearthe phrase“literaturereview” whatwords come tomind?Type your answers here:http://padlet.com/sue wainscott/litrevAny & all!Good, bad,indifferent Brainstorming!Image from ing.pnghttp://padlet.com/sue wainscott/litrev
Purpose of a Literature (Lit.) Review Demonstrate your knowledge Explain how your research fits into thecontext of what is already known Determine if your research idea is newand interesting Give credit to and summarize the workof the other researchers who havewritten about the topicImage from onse-1019820/
Getting Started with Your Lit. Review What is the main purpose ofthis literature review? Who is your target audience? What will the final product be? Thesis or dissertationJournal articleGrant proposalTechnical reportImage from 64313
Small Group Activity!Image from: scussion-222788/
Activity: Strategies for Lit. Reviews1. Think about how you have approached aliterature review (with a written product) in thepast.2. Share with your group some of the strategies youthink work best to accomplish one of the belowtasks: search for information resourcesevaluate those resourcestake notes on what you readorganize the notes and resources you read
Activity: Strategies for Lit. Reviews1. Think about how you have approached a literaturereview (with a written product) in the past.2. Share with your group some of the strategies you thinkwork best to accomplish one of the below tasks:3. As a group, choose one spokesperson.4. Share ideas with the whole room. search for information resourcesevaluate those resourcestake notes on what you readorganize the notes and resources you readhttp://padlet.com/sue wainscott/litrev1
Search in order to tell a StoryA good newspaper article story answers:Who?What?When?Where?Why?How?Image from: line-152320/
Search in order to tell a StoryA good literature review (story) ALSO answers:Who?What?When?Where?Why?How?Useful words for aKeyword Search
Search Strategies KeywordsAND, OR, NOT, *, and “”Author searchingLook for review articlesSubject Headings, linkedkeyword lists Footnote chasing / usingbibliographies Citation tracking (Web ofScience & Scopus) Keep track of where you’velooked, what keywords youused.Image from: 62978/
Where you Look is Important What is a database? Advantages of using multiple databases? Subject specific Multi-disciplinary Search in multiple databases Discovery Tools : UNLV Libraries Quick Search Google Scholar
More than journal articles
Other Sources Conference papers and proceedingsStandards manuals / handbooks (current and older)Chemical and materials property data sourcesGovernment agency technical reportsProfessional association magazine articlesCompany and trade association white papersPatent applications and patent documentsData sets
Keeping Up To Date Search alerts indatabases Table of Contents (TOC)alerts RSS Feeds for journaland other webpagesImage from: te-hour-590383/
Organizing RefWorksMendeleyZoteroEndNote3x5 cardsBibTeXImage s/f/fb/Don%27t kill your reputation%2C organize your information - NARA - 518156.jpg
When is it time to stop searching? Recurring authorsRecurring institutions, labsRecurring settings for experiments/measurementsRecurring methods or results Patterns that let you knowyou are done with yoursearch Law of diminishing returns Materials found are tooold (OR you run out of time )Image from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Newport Hill Climb finish line.png
Sue Wainscottsue.wainscott@unlv.edu702-895-2262UNLV Libraries home page(http://library.unlv.edu)Image from: 3839049
HOW TO WRITE A LITERATURE REVIEW Refresher: How to Read a Paper CriticallyLevels of writing a literature reviewHow to organize your material before writingWriting a Level I literature review: bibliographicannotation Writing a Level 2 literature review: compare andcontrast Writing a Level 3 literature review: Integration andsynthesis
This means you must question everything!!!Scan:Title,abstract,figures, andtablesIf this paperlookspromising, doa thoroughread.Do you agreewith theresults?Do you havequestions?Read theintroductionto get a senseof the study’sgoals.Quickly readthrough themethodologyand results.How to Read a Paper Critically
A THOROUGH READ OF A PAPERMEANS ARMING YOURSELF WITH: Post-it notes Highlighter Ruler Any other tools to make sure yougain understanding of the subject(website links, thesaurus, etc.) This assumes you will read hardcopy, not online Having a favorite chair and favoritedrink (coffee, hot chocolate, soda)often helps this process! The point is: you are reading,challenging, and dialoguing with theauthors!How to Read a Paper Criticallyhttp://lakerlutznews.com/lln/?p 18684
A classic:How to Read a BookAdler and van DorenISBN-13: 004-2516291251ISBN-10: 0671212095How to Read a Paper Critically
Level I: Basic Assessment TabulateSelectFind the patternsCategorize (subheads)DescribeThis is also known as a bibliographic annotation.This level is author-centric.Levels of Writing a Literature Review
Level I: Basic Assessment TabulateSelectFind the patternsCategorize (subheads)DescribeLevel I: Basic Assessment
Author / DatePautasso, M. / 2013Taylor-Powell, E.and Renner, M. /2003Webster, J andWatson, JT / 2002Torraco, RJ / 2005TitleDescriptionTen Simple Rules for Writing aLiterature Review Most researchers in the sciences do not plan how to write a literaturereview Graphically describes the types of literature reviews States 10 rules in writing a good literature review.Analyzing Qualitative Data Qualitative Analysis or Content Analysis -- another name forLiterature Review? Includes papers, video, photos, other forms of data. Five steps: know your data, understand what you want to analyze,organize your data, find the pattern among data sets, synthesize andinterpret.Analyzing the Past to Prepare forthe Future: Writing a LiteratureReview The need for a ‘plot’ or theme Emphasis on how to conduct a “complete” search Two types of literature reviews: one centers on concepts (synthesis)and the other centers on authors Find the patterns and address the knowledge gaps Evaluate your own assessment to see if it is solidWriting Integrative LiteratureReviews: Guidelines andExamples “Integrative literature reviews.generate new knowledge about thetopic reviewed.” Reviews, synthesizes, and integrates material Organize ideas around topics with a rich source of literature; addressthe gaps for emerging topics. What is the contribution of the literature review? What is the point orthe need? Concept structuring and traditional step in writing a literature review What sets an integrative LR apart: critical thinking and advancedsynthesisLevel I: Basic Assessment
Level I: Basic Assessment Tabulate Select What do you want your paper to accomplish? What is the focus of your study? Find the literature that most closely pertains to your studyand use those. Work with your faculty advisorIn my literature review, I want to define the three levels ofwriting a literature review.Level I: Basic Assessment
Level I: Basic Assessment TabulateSelectFind the patternsCategorize (subheads)DescribeLevel I: Basic Assessment
Author / DatePautasso, M. / 2013Taylor-Powell, E.and Renner, M. /2003Webster, J andWatson, JT / 2002Torraco, RJ / 2005TitleDescriptionTen Simple Rules forWriting a LiteratureReview Most researchers in the sciences do not plan how to write a literature review Graphically describes the types of literature reviews States 10 rules in writing a good literature review.Analyzing QualitativeData Qualitative Analysis or Content Analysis -- another name for LiteratureReview? Includes papers, video, photos, other forms of data. Five steps: know your data, understand what you want to analyze, organizeyour data, find the pattern among data sets, synthesize and interpret.Analyzing the Past toPrepare for the Future:Writing a LiteratureReview The need for a ‘plot’ or theme Emphasis on how to conduct a “complete” search Two types of literature reviews: one centers on concepts (synthesis) and theother centers on authors Find the patterns and address the knowledge gaps Evaluate your own assessment to see if it is solidWriting IntegrativeLiterature Reviews:Guidelines and Examples “Integrative literature reviews.generate new knowledge about the topicreviewed.” Reviews, synthesizes, and integrates material Organize ideas around topics with a rich source of literature; address the gapsfor emerging topics. What is the contribution of the literature review? What is the point or theneed? Concept structuring and traditional step in writing a literature review What sets an integrative LR apart: critical thinking and advanced synthesisLevel I: Basic Assessment
Author / DatePautasso, M. / 2013Taylor-Powell, E.and Renner, M. /2003Webster, J andWatson, JT / 2002Torraco, RJ / 2005TitleDescriptionTen Simple Rules forWriting a LiteratureReview Most researchers in the sciences do not plan how to write a literature review Graphically describes the types of literature reviews to identify what kind ofreview to write States 10 rules in writing a good literature review.Analyzing QualitativeData Qualitative Analysis or Content Analysis -- another name for LiteratureReview? Includes papers, video, photos, other forms of data. Five steps: know your data, understand what you want to analyze, organizeyour data, find the pattern among data sets, synthesize and interpret.Analyzing the Past toPrepare for the Future:Writing a LiteratureReview The need for a ‘plot’ or theme Emphasis on how to conduct a “complete” search Two types of literature reviews: one centers on concepts (synthesis) and theother centers on authors Find the patterns and address the knowledge gaps Evaluate your own assessment to see if it is solidWriting IntegrativeLiterature Reviews:Guidelines and Examples “Integrative literature reviews.generate new knowledge about the topicreviewed.” Reviews, synthesizes, and integrates material Organize ideas around topics with a rich source of literature; address the gapsfor emerging topics. What is the contribution of the literature review? What is the point or theneed? Concept structuring and traditional step in writing a literature review What sets an integrative LR apart: critical thinking and advanced synthesisLevel I: Basic Assessment
Level I: Basic Assessment Tabulate Select Find the patterns Categorize (subheads) Describe In your own words or Quoted appropriatelyLevel I: Basic Assessment
Taylor-Powell, E. andRenner, M. / 2003AnalyzingQualitative Data Qualitative Analysis or Content Analysis -- another name for Literature Review? Includes papers, video, photos, other forms of data. Five steps: know your data, understand what you want to analyze, organize your data, findthe pattern among data sets, synthesize and interpret.Taylor-Powell, E. and Renner, M. (2003). Analyzing qualitative data. Madison, WI:University of Wisconsin Extension. Retrieved Taylor-Powell and Renner (2003) discussed a systematic approach to organize anddescribe qualitative information, in other words, information that is not in numericalformat. This includes describing the literature regarding a specific topic, results of writtenanswers in surveys, issues discussed in forums, and anecdotal material, and more. Thematerial could be written, spoken, or in video, photos, or other forms of media.These authors emphasize identifying the patterns and organizing the data in categories, anundertaking that the authors point out is “fairly labor intensive depending on the amountof data you have” (Taylor-Powell and Renner, 2003), and crucial to the total effort. Oncethe categories are established, they state the next step is to find the patterns existingamong the categories. This is the starting point in finding a way to synthesize the materialinto a coherent literature review.Example of a Level 1 literature review (author-centric)
Exercise: Each using their own literature search material, create atable of three of the papers with Names of Authors,Title of Paper, and three to five key bullet points foreach paper. We will give you about 10 minutes to do this. When you are finished, have another person reviewyour table and give feedback.Level I: Basic Assessment
Level 1: Basic Assessment Not really considered a true literature review Also known as: Author-centric literature review Bibliographic Annotation This is the level we expect from undergraduates. We want to move you from Level 1 to Level 2, which iswhere graduate students should be. Post-docs and Faculty should be able to write a literaturereview at Level 3.Level I: Basic Assessment
Cayla Buttram, David MacMillan III, & Dr. R.T. Koch, Jr. Updated November 2012. University of North Alabama,Center for Writing l I: Basic Assessment
Level 2: Compare: Compare and Contrast Tabulate Select What do you want your paper to accomplish? What is the focus of your study? Find the literature that most closely pertains to your study anduse those. Work with your faculty advisor Find the patterns Categorize Compare and ContrastLevel 2: Compare and Contrast
Level 2: Compare: Contrast or Collate This is what the literature calls ‘synthesis’ at the mostbasic level You are trying to find the authors that are in agreementwith each other on a conclusion (collate) or disagree(contrast) on a specific concept This what Webster and Watson (2002) were talkingabout when they distinguished a literature review thatis ‘author-centric’ versus ‘concept-centric’Level 2: Compare and Contrast
Webster, J and Watson, RT (2002). Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: writing a literature review. MISQuarterly. 26:2 pp cgi?article 2625&context misq&seiredir 1&referer or%2Bthe%2Bfuture%26btnG%3D%26as sdt%3D1%252C29%26as sdtp%3D#search %22Analyzing%20past%20prepare%20future%22Level 2: Compare and Contrast
Author / DatePautasso, M. / 2013Taylor-Powell, E.and Renner, M. /2003Webster, J andWatson, JT / 2002Torraco, RJ / 2005TitleDescriptionTen Simple Rules forWriting a LiteratureReview Most researchers in the sciences do not plan how to write a literature review Graphically describes the types of literature reviews to identify what kind ofreview to write States 10 rules in writing a good literature review.Analyzing QualitativeData Qualitative Analysis or Content Analysis -- another name for LiteratureReview? Includes papers, video, photos, other forms of data. Five steps: know your data, understand what you want to analyze, organizeyour data, find the pattern among data sets, synthesize and interpret.Analyzing the Past toPrepare for the Future:Writing a LiteratureReview The need for a ‘plot’ or theme Emphasis on how to conduct a “complete” search Two types of literature reviews: one centers on concepts (synthesis) and theother centers on authors Find the patterns and address the knowledge gaps Evaluate your own assessment to see if it is solidWriting IntegrativeLiterature Reviews:Guidelines and Examples “Integrative literature reviews.generate new knowledge about the topicreviewed.” Reviews, synthesizes, and integrates material Organize ideas around topics with a rich source of literature; address the gapsfor emerging topics. What is the contribution of the literature review? What is the point or theneed? Concept structuring and traditional step in writing a literature review What sets an integrative LR apart: critical thinking and advanced synthesisLevel 2: Compare and Contrast
Dawadi S and Ahmad S (2013). Evaluating the impact of demand-side management on water resources underchanging climatic conditions and increasing population. Journal of Environmental Management. 114: 261-275.Level 2: Compare and Contrast
Level 3: Integrate / Synthesis To be able to write at this level, you need to masterLevel 1 and Level 2. You also need to gain sufficient experience and breadthof knowledge in your field of expertise Level 3 has a narrative quality If you have compared and contrasted at Level 2, atLevel 3 you want to discuss why there were contrastingresults in the first place At this level, you might be offering your opinion on thequality and accuracy of other researchers’ workLevel 3: Integrate / Synthesis
Dawadi S and Ahmad S (2013). Evaluating the impact of demand-side management on water resources underchanging climatic conditions and increasing population. Journal of Environmental Management. 114: 261-275.Level 3: Integrate / Synthesis
Observations from Dr. Ladkany:Literature citations are embedded in all the sections of apaper except for the abstract and the conclusion, which areyour ideas exclusively.Recommendation:As you conduct your literature search for any of yourprojects, see if you can identify if the literature review ineach paper was written at Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3.Level 3: Integrate / Synthesis
Technical Writing Intensive Next Friday, April 15th SEB 1243 9 a.m. to 12 noonBring your paper, report, dissertation, or thesis towork on. You will have ample opportunity for oneon-one counseling.To register, sign up before you leave thisworkshop today
Questions?
Most researchers in the sciences do not plan how to write a literature review Graphically describes the types of literature reviews States 10 rules in writing a good literature review. Taylor-Powell, E. and Renner, M. / 2003 Analyzing Qualitative Data Qualitative Analysis or Content Analysis -- another name for Literature Review?
XSEDE HPC Monthly Workshop Schedule January 21 HPC Monthly Workshop: OpenMP February 19-20 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data March 3 HPC Monthly Workshop: OpenACC April 7-8 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data May 5-6 HPC Monthly Workshop: MPI June 2-5 Summer Boot Camp August 4-5 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data September 1-2 HPC Monthly Workshop: MPI October 6-7 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data
Workshop II: Assessing Process Skills Participants learn how to observe and interpret students’ use of the process skills of science (about 3 hours). Workshop III: Effective Questioning Participants identify questions that are useful for eliciting students’ ideas and for encouraging the use of science process skills (about 2 hours).
Workshop II: Assessing Process Skills Participants learn how to observe and interpret students’ use of the process skills of science (about 3 hours). Workshop III: Effective Questioning Participants identify questions that are useful for eliciting students’ ideas and for encouraging the use of science process skills (about 2 hours).
4. Design a selection process to recruit the right participants for your workshop. Tell the workshop candidates what the workshop is about and what they will be expected to do during the workshop. Then, at least two weeks before your AuthorAID workshop, please do the following: 1. Draft the agenda for your
Rapid STED manual - A Practical guide Contents (suite) 5.3 Guidance on Conducting the Rapid STED Technical and Policy Foresight Workshop 33 5.3.1 Scope of Guidance 33 5.3.2 Workshop Materials 33 5.3.3 Workshop Location 33 5.3.4 Workshop Staffing 33 5.4 Workshop Content 34 5.4.1 Workshop Introduction 34
Meeting Purpose Provide an overview of the project Define the purpose & role of the Core Planning Team Review the Community-Based Planning Process and the continuum framework Establish a list of workshop invitees Review the workshop agenda & identify local SMEs to support the workshop's goals Confirm the workshop date and venue Establish a CPT post-workshop meeting schedule
The literature review (USC Libraries) Literature reviews: an overview for graduate students (NCSU Libraries) The literature review: a step-by-step guide for students (D. Ridley, 2012) Writing a successful thesis or dissertation (F. Lunenburg & B. Irby, 2008) Writing literature reviews (J. Galvan, 2013)
instrumenters via UI, API. - One Instrumenter service per docker engine/server host is supported - Instrumentation jobs are delivered to any authenticated Instrumenter service Compatibility - The Instrumenter service is able to request Qualys Container Security user credentials from Vault secret engine types: kv-v1 and kv-v2. Although supported .
