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RESEARCHHORIZONSIn this issueIT ALL MAKES SENSECutting-edge sensor researchand news from acrossthe UniversityUniversity of Cambridge research magazinewww.rsd.cam.ac.ukIssue 2 Spring 2007
EDITORIALKerry TippingEditor2 Issue 2 Spring 2007FITZWILLIAM MUSEUMHappy New Year!Welcome to thesecond issue ofResearch Horizons.Whether you'realready familiarwith the magazine or a new reader,I hope you enjoy this issue andwelcome your feedback toResearch.Horizons@rsd.cam.ac.ukResearch Horizons is a window onsome of the world-class researchcarried out across the University. Inthis issue the spotlight is on sensorresearch as a taster for the nextHorizon Seminar on 20 March 2007;from measuring volcanic gasemissions to monitoring undergroundinfrastructure, ‘A Sensory World’ willshow how sensors are being appliedin diverse and challengingenvironments. Featuring prominentindustry speakers, the Seminar alsobrings together leading Cambridgescientists and ‘rising stars’ who aremaking their mark in this field. Ourfront cover features one such star,Xiaohan Pan, with the worldrenowned Professor ChristopherLowe, whose research intoholographic biosensors in contactlenses may revolutionise the waydiabetics monitor blood glucose levels.And there’s more! Fromuncovering Victorian attitudes to thepast to examining the role ofuniversities in public engagement tocutting-edge research into coronaryheart disease, the magazine is packedwith exciting and thought-provokingresearch stories. We hope you alsoenjoy two new regular features –'Inside Out' and 'In Focus’ – whichgive an insight into the world ofacademics and their sponsors.Whatever your own interest, Ihope you enjoy this edition. Be sure totake a look at the new online versionof the magazine which is available onthe Research Services Division websiteat www.rsd.cam.ac.ukWe are also looking for articleideas for Issue 3 of Research Horizonsand welcome suggestions. Thedeadline for ideas is 27 February 2007.Please send submissions to me atResearch.Horizons@rsd.cam.ac.ukFinally, we’d like to thankeveryone who has supported ResearchHorizons to date. We are delightedwith the response to our first issueand look forward to bringing youmore breakthrough research fromacross the University in 2007.DR CLIVE OPPENHEIMERForeword12–13 Remote sensing inextremeenvironments24–25 Guiding muses –using technologyin cultural spacesContentsResearch News3–7Some of the latest stories from around the UniversitySpotlight on: Novel sensor technologiesand applicationsLeading the way in sensor technology8–178–9Modern day alchemy: Gold for 2012?10–11Revolution in near-patient diagnostics14–15CUE helps young entrepreneurs make ’sense’ of business 16–17Features‘What have the Victorians ever done for us?’The University and its publicsHope for heartsRe-thinking the past, present and futureInside Out: Dr Danielle Turner18–2818–1920–2122–2326–2829In Focus: The Leverhulme Trust30–31Research Support32–35New structure for Cambridge EnterpriseNews from Research Services DivisionForthcoming events323334–35The Back PageYour way into CambridgeCover photograph of Miss Xiaohan Pan and Professor Christopher Lowe by Keith HeppellDesigned by Cambridge Design Studio, www.cambridgedesignstudio.orgPrinted by Piggott Black Bear, www.piggottblackbear.co.uk 2007 University of Cambridge and Contributors as identified. All rights reserved.
RESEARCH NEWSStem cells and CambridgeWorld experts on stem cell research recently gathered fora two-day symposium to celebrate 25 years of stem cellresearch in Cambridge and to mark the opening of a newworld-class research centre.PHOTOGRAPHER: KEITH HEPPELLFrom right to left: Professor Azim Surani (Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge), Professor TonyGreen (Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge), Dr Fiona Watt (WTCSCR, University ofCambridge), Professor Austin Smith (WTCSCR, University of Cambridge), Professor Charles ffrenchConstant (Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge), Professor Roger Pedersen(Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge).In 1981 two papers appeared thatreported the derivation of pluripotentstem cell lines from cultured mouseembryos. Now called embryonic stem (ES)cells, they have since transformed researchin mammalian development, genetics,stem cell biology and regenerativemedicine.To celebrate the 25th anniversary ofthis landmark discovery, the University ofCambridge, in partnership with Nature,held a special symposium. The openingafternoon of the meeting reviewed thehistory of ES cells and other pioneeringcontributions on mouse and humanembryology in Cambridge, withpresentations from the key researchers.The second day focused on currentresearch and future prospects for bothembryonic and tissue stem cells. Twelveleaders in the field from North America,Japan and Europe, presented anddiscussed their latest findings.Under the leadership of ProfessorsAustin Smith and Fiona Watt, theWellcome Trust Centre for Stem CellResearch (WTCSCR), Cambridge willpioneer the next generation of stem cellresearch, encompassing embryonic, foetaland adult stem cells. Based at theUniversity of Cambridge, and with 10 million of funding from the WellcomeTrust, it will be an international centre ofexcellence in fundamental stem cellresearch. It is destined to become theleading research centre in Europe and willcompete with leading institutes in Japan,Singapore and North America.The Centre will focus on defining thegenetic and biomedical mechanisms thatcontrol how stem cells develop intoparticular types of cell. This will providefoundations for genetic engineering ofstem cells to model particular diseases,drug discovery and regenerative medicine.Study of stem cells can improve ourunderstanding of how the human bodydevelops and maintains itself, and of howcertain diseases arise. Research in this areaoffers great potential for future medicaltreatments.Professor Austin Smith was previouslyat the University of Edinburgh where heled a team that developed the world’s firstpure nerve stem cells made from humanembryonic stem cells, a breakthroughseen as important for tackling diseasessuch as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.‘Stem cell biology is a young andcomplex area of basic research withemerging potential for biomedicalapplications,’ says Professor Smith. ‘Withcurrent US legislation restricting publicfunding of human embryonic stem cellresearch, there is a window ofopportunity for the United Kingdom tobecome a world leader.’Taking the post of Deputy Director atthe Centre, Professor Fiona Watt hasrecently been appointed Herchel SmithProfessor of Molecular Genetics at theUniversity of Cambridge. She waspreviously head of the KeratinocyteLaboratory at the Cancer Research UKLondon Research Centre. Professor Watt isalso Deputy Director of the new CancerResearch UK Cambridge ResearchInstitute.The Wellcome Trust has awarded a 3 million grant to Professor Watt. Herteam will investigate how the epidermis(the outer covering of the skin) can bestimulated to produce new hair folliclesand sebaceous glands. In addition toimproving the quality of treatment forburns victims, her research will provideinsights into the signals for regenerationand production of other specialist celltypes, such as muscle and brain cells. Thiswould enable the development oftherapies using adult stem cell alternativesfor numerous diseases and conditions.‘We are pleased to support thisexciting new centre of excellence for stemcell research,’ says Sir William Castell,Chair of the Wellcome Trust. ‘Weanticipate that the research done at theCentre will make a significant contributionto the global understanding of basic stemcell biology. This knowledge is vitallyimportant and will provide the essentialfoundations for developing therapeutics inthe future.’An 11 million refurbishment ofbuildings in central Cambridge providesthe home for the Centre, in closeproximity to the Gurdon Institute for thestudy of developmental and cancerbiology.ArchitectureAwardsThree Cambridge academicshave won awards in theinaugural Royal Institute ofBritish Architects (RIBA)President’s Research Awards.Dr Wendy Pullan of the University ofCambridge won the award forOutstanding University-led Researchwith her work, Conflict in Cities:Architecture and Urban Order inDivided Jerusalem. Her research,funded by the Economic and SocialResearch Council (ESRC), concernsurban development in Jerusalem,exploring in particular the security wallthat traverses the countryside in theregion and the main road that runstowards Damascus Gate.Dr Torwong Chenvidyakam wasshortlisted in the outstanding PhDcategory for ‘The Fluid Mechanics ofPre-cooled Ventilation’.Dr Dalibor Vesely was awarded theAnnie Spink Prize for Excellence inArchitectural Education. Dr Vesely wasa University Lecturer in the Departmentuntil his retirement five years ago, butstill lectures to Third Year students, andis Director of Studies in Architecturefor Emmanuel College.Issue 2 Spring 2007 3
RESEARCH NEWS‘Artificial pancreas’– hope to diabetic children?A new institute dedicatedto understanding whatfactors help individualsand organisations thrivehas been launched at theUniversity of Cambridge.The University of Cambridge has received 500,000 fromthe Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) to fundresearch into developing an artificial pancreas for childrenand adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.The Well-being Institute is a newcross-disciplinary initiative which aimsto promote the highest quality researchin the science of well-being andto integrate this research intoevidence-based practice.Founding Directors Professor FeliciaHuppert and Dr Nick Baylis believe thatthe scientific study of well-being isneeded to advance our understandingof how best to lead a life characterisedby health and vitality, contribution andfulfilment. Professor Huppert said,‘An enhanced understanding of howindividuals and communities can behelped to thrive and prosper would beof great benefit to our citizens, oureducators, and our leaders. Only agenuinely scientific exploration of thisrapidly evolving field can provide asource of trustworthy information toguide interventions, and the Institute isdesigned to further these endeavours.’The Institute welcomes leadingexperts from all disciplines to work withthem to create new ways of thinkingabout key areas of our lives, such aseducation, healthcare, the workplaceor the environment.The Well-being Institute also seekspartnerships with the public and privatesector to develop evidence-basedwell-being programmes, tailored to theirspecific needs and evaluated with highquality outcome measures.For more information, pleasecontact Professor Felicia Huppert on 44 (0)1223 336970 or go towww.cambridgewellbeing.orgJUVENILE DIABETES RESEARCH FOUNDATIONUniversity welcomesWell-being InstituteIf successful, the mechanism willdramatically improve the quality of life forchildren with diabetes by making itsignificantly easier to manage thecondition and reduce the risk ofhypoglycaemia.Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmunedisorder which causes the body to attackthe beta cells of the pancreas, limiting itsability to produce the insulin necessary toregulate blood sugar levels. Multiple dailyinsulin injections and finger prick bloodtests make regulating the blood glucoseof children and adolescents extremelydifficult: a problem which is furthercomplicated as juveniles are also knownto have more severe fluctuations in theirinsulin need.With the Department of Paediatrics,Dr Roman Hovorka is leading researchinto a more precise regulation of bloodglucose through the development of anartificial pancreas. The artificial pancreaswill couple a glucose sensor with anNaked Scientist wins ScienceCommunication AwardDr Christopher Smith from the Department of Pathology,University of Cambridge, has been awarded theprestigious Science Communication Award by theBiosciences Federation (BSF).Dr Smith was recognised for hisextensive work communicatingmicrobiology and other scientific researchto the public. Dr Smith is well known forhis incredibly popular Naked ScientistBBC Radio series and website, in which4 Issue 2 Spring 2007he makes academic science and researchaccessible and enjoyable for a wideaudience. With more than two millionpodcast downloads in the last12 months, the series is one of theworld’s most downloaded scienceinsulin pump to create a ‘closed-loop’apparatus. Specifically, the artificialpancreas will measure blood sugar levelson a minute-to-minute basis with acontinuous glucose monitor. The signal istransmitted wirelessly to a handheldcomputer, which calculates the rightamount of insulin for a given condition.The information on the insulin rate is thenfurther transmitted wirelessly to a pumpdelivering the insulin.Clinical trials of the artificial pancreasstart in early 2007. These will help perfectthe computer algorithm so the glucosesensor can ‘talk’ to the insulin pumpeffectively and mimic the work of anormal pancreas. The project will initiallyfocus on overnight laboratory and homeuse. As a result of this research, it ishoped that an artificial pancreas willenable children to maintain more stableblood sugar levels, reducing the risk ofserious complications as well as lead moreflexible lives.programmes. Additionally, Dr Smith hasrecently been working with Nature topodcast breaking science in anunderstandable way. He also gives talksand scientific demonstrations and acts asan expert on viruses for television andradio.The Biosciences Federation activelyworks to influence policy and strategy inbiology-based research and is alsoconcerned about the translation ofresearch into benefits for society.For more information about theNaked Scientist series, please go towww.thenakedscientists.com
RESEARCH NEWSMEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCILNobel stronghold announces new headA new director has been appointed to head the worldrenowned Medical Research Council Laboratory ofMolecular Biology (LMB).Dr Hugh Pelham, a cell biologist, wasappointed following an internationaltrawl for an exceptional scientist andleader. After graduating from CambridgeUniversity, Dr Pelham studied for his PhDunder Richard Jackson and Tim Hunt,who was awarded the Nobel Prize forMedicine in 2001 for ‘discoveries of keyregulators of the cell cycle’. Dr Pelham isnow head of the Cell Biology division atLMB where he has worked on proteinswhich help to protect cells against thedamaging effects of heat. In his newrole, Dr Pelham will lead the Laboratoryduring the next stage in its evolutionwhich will include moving into a newlydesigned building. Dr Pelham is takingover from Dr Richard Henderson who isretiring after serving 10 years asdirector.For more information, please contactthe Medical Research Council pressoffice on 44 (0)20 7637 6011 or atpress.office@headoffice.mrc.ac.ukDarwin continues to E-volveCIMR receives 4mWellcome TrustawardOver 10 million hits in the first 24 hours; extensive TVand radio interviews; coverage in over 900 newspapersand news websites – the launch of ‘The Complete Workof Charles Darwin Online’ on 19 October 2006 created anexplosion of media interest worldwide. Dr John vanWyhe, its founder, estimates that news of the websitehas already reached over 400 million people.DR JOHN VAN WYHEThis level of media exposure certainlyhelps the project to achieve its mainobjective: to make the entire works ofCharles Darwin – 50,000 pages ofsearchable text and 40,000 images oforiginal publications – accessible foreveryone for free at the click of mouse.This has been a labour of love for Dr vanWyhe and his team who have compiledand transcribed materials from aroundthe world over the course of four years.As Dr van Wyhe explains, ‘After securingfunding from the Arts & HumanitiesResearch Council (AHRC) a year ago, ouraim was to make these important workseasily available as quickly as possible. Ourphilosophy is centred on the premise thatmost of the value is in the historical workof Darwin itself.’So what’s next? One thing is clear –this project has only just begun. Dr vanWyhe has ambitious plans and a clearvision for the future of the website.Amongst his wish list is the addition ofthousands of transcribed handwrittenmanuscripts, every edition of every bookwritten by the famous naturalist, andmanuscripts scanned in high resolutioncolour.Dr van Wyhe would also like to gatherall reviews of Darwin’s publications. As heexplains, ‘It is only when we have thiscollection that, as historians, we can geta true picture of what the reception toDarwinism was like.’With German, Danish, Norwegianand Russian editions being added andpotential partnerships with other majorcollectors of Darwin’s books in thepipeline, it is Dr van Wyhe’s hope thatthis website will evolve into a centralresource for all information on Darwinglobally. And thanks to the ability tomonitor all aspects of usage of thewebsite, it will be possible to track howDarwin is being read across the world.For more information about ‘TheComplete Work of Charles DarwinOnline’, please go to www.darwinonline.org.uk. ‘Darwin Online’ islooking for further funding tocomplete the project. Please visitwww.darwin-online.org.uk/support.html for details.Clinicians and scientistsstudying how a variety ofhuman diseases arise havereceived a major boost infunding.The Cambridge Institute for MedicalResearch (CIMR), University ofCambridge, where researchers look atthe underlying molecular and cellularmechanisms behind disease, has beenawarded one of the prestigiousWellcome Trust Strategic Awards.The 4 million grant will enable theCIMR to stay at the leading edge ofresearch into how diseases arise. TheInstitute is a multidisciplinary researchcentre whose outstanding feature isthe interweaving of clinical medicinewith molecular and cell biology. Since itopened in 1998, it has led key researchinto how viruses evade our immunesystem, genetic susceptibility todiabetes and progress towards noveltreatments for Alzheimer’s andHuntington’s diseases.As well as facilitating collaborationbetween clinicians and basic scientists,the Institute also aims to play a keyrole in training tomorrow’s academicdoctors and medical scientists. Thestrategic award will allow CIMR to run‘Next Generation Fellowships’,intended to attract clinicians intoresearch at the conclusion of theirclinical training. It will also establish afour-year PhD programme to providebasic scientists with an opportunity toundertake PhD training and exploreinterdisciplinary research opportunities.For more information, please go towww.cimr.cam.ac.ukIssue 2 Spring 2007 5
RESEARCH NEWSInvestigating cancer in the 21st centuryCancer remains one of the greatest threats to humanhealth, with over 270,000 new cases being diagnosedeach year in the UK.According to Cancer Research UK, morethan one in three of us will developcancer at some point, and few of us gothrough life without coming into contactwith the disease in some way.At the University of Cambridge,much ongoing cancer research is aimedat understanding the cellular ormolecular changes that occur whennormal human cells transform intomalignant cells capable of formingtumours. Whilst the causes of cancer arediverse, changes to the human genomeof individuals can lead to cancerformation. Structural or numericalchanges to the genome may be involvedin the progression of cancer by alteringthe extent to which genes are switchedon, changing the combination of genesturned on at any one time, or alteringthe function of genes.Recent advances in the technologiesavailable to scientists have opened upnew ways to identify genome changes inmuch more detail than previouslypossible. Using genome-wide microarraytechnologies, recent research at theDepartment of Pathology in collaborationwith the Centre for Microarray Resourceshas shown that it is possible toaccurately measure small genomechanges in breast cancer and braintumours. Such studies improve ourunderstanding of cancer progression andmay open up new routes for theeffective diagnosis and treatment of suchcancers.The Centre for Microarray ) in the Department ofPathology was established in response toa lack of such microarray technologieswithin the University. It now providesaccess to high quality mammalian andcustom microarray resources andautomation, including core human andA ‘normal’ chromosome is shown on thelefthand side. Microarray analysis of 48 cancercell lines shows that structural changes haveoccurred in the chromosome, represented bychanges in the length of green and red regions(from Pole et al. 2006, Oncogene 25).mouse tools and more than 30 customarrays for bacteria, parasites, plants andmammals.It occupies purpose-built,environmentally-controlled laboratorieswithin the Department of Pathology,increasing its ability to provide a highquality consultation service alongside itscapacity for array design, manufacture,experimentation and analysis.For more information, please contactthe Centre Manager, Anthony Brownat apcb2@cam.ac.ukNew Horizon for interdisciplinary science‘The Physics of Living Matter’, a symposium on integrativescience, recently took place at the University of Cambridge.PROFESSOR RAYMOND E GOLDSTEIN AND SUJOY GANGULYThe first in a series of Horizon Forums,the two-day conference gatheredresearchers from across 15 departmentsof the University and externally, toshowcase the exciting opportunities incross-disciplinary science.Against the minimalist backgroundof the Kaetsu Centre, New Hall shone astar line-up of speakers from across theworld and a programme filled with awide range of lively and interesting talks.Leading Cambridge scientists, includingProfessor Michael Akam (Department ofZoology), Professor Daniel Wolpert(Department of Engineering), Professor6 Issue 2 Spring 2007Mike Payne (Department of Physics)and Professor Raymond Goldstein(Department of Applied Maths andTheoretical Physics) outlined theirresearch. The event also includedprominent speakers such as ProfessorEric Karsenti from European MolecularBiology Laboratory and Professor ScottFraser from California Institute ofTechnology.Three key areas were explored: thestructure of living matter, examining theorganisation of component molecules ofcells; watching living matter,demonstrating several advancedmicroscopy techniques; and the activityof living matter, detailing the forcesacting on cells in the development oftissue. The common theme runningthrough all the talks was the applicationof the techniques, methods and generalphilosophy of the Physical Sciences toBiology.Sponsored by Research ServicesDivision, the Horizon Forum wasorganised by Dr Duncan Simpson,Professor Alfonso Martinez-Arias andProfessor Peter Littlewood. With over200 delegates including several majorresearch sponsors, the symposiumprovided a window on the interactionsand networks across disciplines. It clearlyshowed that there is a lot of Biologygoing on in Chemistry, Physics andEngineering which may lead to a newintegrated discipline in the future.Horizon Forums are interdisciplinaryworkshops designed to inspire newgenerations of research scientists tocreate innovative projects andcollaborations. There will be a secondsymposium of 'The Physics of LivingMatter' and other Horizon Forums ondifferent subjects in 2007.For more information, please go towww.cure.group.cam.ac.uk/matter/index.html
RESEARCH NEWSRoll up, roll up for revolution inportable technology!Universe opens upfor Universitythanks to KavliinvestmentDR KEITH SEFFENThe University ofCambridge and the KavliFoundation haveannounced their intentionto establish an institute topioneer exciting newresearch into thebeginnings of the cosmos.When the news of a breakthrough technology for roll-uplaptop screens broke, it was met with immediate andwidespread media interest.NASAThe Kavli Institute for Cosmology inCambridge will be supported by amultimillion dollar endowment fromthe Kavli Foundation which isdedicated to advancing scientificknowledge ‘for the benefit ofhumanity’.‘Cambridge has such a stellarrecord of making fundamentaldiscoveries in science throughout theages and, with its traditions ofexcellence and leading-edge scienceteams, I have great hope that the KavliInstitute at Cambridge will make majordiscoveries in the future,’ saidentrepreneur and philanthropist FredKavli, founder of the US-based KavliFoundation.Led by Professor George Efstathiou,the Institute will seek to make majorscientific advances in our knowledgeand understanding of the universe,bringing together scientists fromCambridge’s Institute of Astronomy,Cavendish Laboratory (Department ofPhysics) and Department of AppliedMathematics and Theoretical Physics.The Institute will form part of aninternational network of KavliFoundation-funded research centres atother universities around the world,and will collaborate with its sistercentres in China and the US. This isthe first time that the Kavli Foundationhas established an institute in theUnited Kingdom.For more information about theKavli Foundation, please go towww.kavlifoundation.orgIt even caught the scientists responsiblefor its development at the University ofCambridge a little off guard. ‘When Iarrived at the Department of Engineeringit was just like any other ordinary day by the time I left, I’d done an interviewwith Anglia TV!’, Dr Keith Seffenexplains.The level of media excitementaround this technology is hardlysurprising. Not only is the developmentof a range of unique, shape-changingstructures cutting-edge, but the easewith which they can be manufactured,and the wide range of their applicationsmake this technology very commerciallyappealing.These ‘morphing’ structures affordmultiple configurations without the needfor complex parts or sophisticatedmanufacturing. By using an ordinarysheet of metal, Dr Seffen can producestructures with no moving parts butwhich can be configured between atleast two distinct, self-locking and stableforms. For example an A5-sized flatscreen can be snapped into the shape ofa tube for compact and light carriage ina briefcase or pocket.Not only does this offer a significantconsumer benefit in terms ofconvenience, but it’s good news formanufacturers. Production is inexpensive,uncomplicated by the need for movingparts, heating or chemical processing –it’s simply a mechanical process whichcan be automated. Dr Seffen also assertsthat the ‘morphing’ structures offer adistinct advantage: ‘Compared to othertechnologies, our structures offersubstantial shape-changing capabilitieswhilst preserving structural integrity.’The range of applications for thistechnology is wide. Dr Seffen is currentlyexploring various uses with co-workersDr Simon Guest and graduate studentAlex Norman, including roll-up displayscreens (such as laptop screens),re-usable packaging, roll-up keyboardsand self-erecting, temporary habitats.Presently, they are focusing on displayscreens, following considerable interestfrom manufacturers of incredibly thin,flexible electronic displays. Furthermore,they believe their technology can beextended to a range of portable andpopular electronic devices, such asMP3 players and mobile phones, forultra-compactness.Assisted by Cambridge Enterprise Ltd,Dr Seffen and his team have filed apatent on the manufacture andoperation of their ‘morphing’ devices,and are actively seeking further industrialcollaboration for future development.For more information, please contactDr Seffen at kas14@cam.ac.ukor go to his websitewww2.eng.cam.ac.uk/ kas14Issue 2 Spring 2007 7
SENSORSLeading theway in sensortechnologyThe HorizonSeminar‘A Sensory World:novel sensortechnologies andapplications’will showcase abroad selection ofsensor technologiesand systems thathave beendeveloped at theUniversity ofCambridge. Thiswill take place on20 March 2007 atThe Kaetsu Centre,New Hall.8 Issue 2 Spring 2007From self-parking cars to diagnostictools for cancer, sensor technology isshaping our future. Indeed, some claimthat sensors will change our world inthis decade in the way microprocessorsdid in the 1980s and the Internet in the1990s.The Seminar will cover a widerange of sensor perspectives from thebasic technology and science of sensordesign, applications for diversesituations and environmentalconditions, and the challengesassociated with rendering meaningfrom sensor networks or multipleheterogeneous sensing assets.Examples of cutting-edge sensorapplications will be discussed byleading scientists and 'rising stars' fromthe University who are putting theirstamp on emerging sensor technologythat will shape future research. Theevent will also feature prominentexternal speakers from industry.The Seminar will provide delegateswith a rich diversity of insights,perspectives and experiences as well asthe opportunity to meet Cambridgeacademics and peers from leadingcompanies. A drink reception willimmediately follow the lecture seriesgiving a further opportunity to networkin an informal setting.About Horizon SeminarsHorizon Seminars are organised by theUniversity’s Research Services Divisionand provide an exclusive look at newdevelopments in the most excitingareas of science and technology atCambridge, with a particular emphasison the cutting-edge interdisciplinaryresearch that could significantly impactthe future.Delegates are given an opportunityto broaden their knowledge bylistening to the experiences of a variedgroup of inspiring speakers who createa dynamic forum for informationexchange and meaningful networking.Participants include academics, thoughtleaders, major research sponsors andindustry experts all of whomunderstand the need to anticipate thelatest trends and innovations to stayahead of the competition.For more information aboutthe Horizon Seminar series and tobook online, please go towww.rsd.cam.ac.uk/events/horizon/or email horizon@rsd.cam.ac.uk
SENSORSSESSION 1: BUILDING BLOCKSThis session includes input from groups whose research is at the leading edge ofnano- and biotechnology sen
Happy New Year! Welcome to the second issue of Research Horizons. Whether you're already familiar with the magazine or a new reader, I hope you enjoy this issue and welcome your feedback to Research.Horizons@rsd.cam.ac.uk Research Horizons is a window on some of the world-class research carried out across the University. In
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Sharma J. P., Simplified Approach to Labour Laws, (Bharat Law House, New Delhi, 3. rd. Ed.2009) at 73. 4 2. DISABLEMENT UNDER WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION ACT, 1923 A. Historical Background The law of Workmen’s Compensation was introduced firstly in Germany where it had been introduced in 1884 by the Iron Chancellor, Bismarck the first among the . He was European statesmen to understand fully .
