Pasture And Weed Management - Richlandcountysc.gov
Pasture and WeedManagementTravis MitchellArea Livestock and Forages AgentClemson Extension
Poor Pasture Managementleads to Soil compaction Muddy pastures in winter Undesirable weeds Unhealthy animals Pasture erosion
Grazing Management Types of Grazing- Continuous- ManagementIntensive- Strip Other Factors- Fencing- Water- Managementskills/time
Continuous Grazing Maintain animals on a single pasture all year Requires very little labor Requires very few management skillsDownsides: Poor utilization of forages Discourages optimal plant performance
Continuous Grazing
Grazing Behavior Select young immature plants & leaf blades Damages growth reserves Causes “roughs” and“lawns” in pasture Allows weeds to flourish
Management IntensiveGrazing What is it? Who should use it? What are the advantagesand disadvantages? Biggest obstacles? Paddock size?
Management Intensive Grazing Often call MiG Also referred to as rotational grazing, controlled grazing etc. The process of moving livestock from one pasture toanother as the forage becomes available with grazedpaddocks receiving a rest/regrowth period.
MiG Paddock size can vary from very small tovery large Depends on stocking rates andavailable forages Advent of “poly wire” fencing makes itvery easy to change paddock sizes asneeded.
MiG Why bother? Better forage utilization Opportunity to harvest or stockpile excess
Advantages Better forage persistence Improved utilization of forages (and weedcontrol!) Better distribution of waste Better overall management Increased carrying capacity 20-30%
Disadvantages Not a set “recipe” for layout Overstocking Rest periods could be long Costs Water lines
Paddock Size? Number of paddocks Acres per paddock Approximate pounds of dry matter per inch ofavailable forage and days of rest needed per paddock Bermudagrass 26014-21Bahiagrass2507-21Ryegrass2507-15Small Grains 150 14-21Fescue300 14-21
Rotational Grazing
Pasture DesignPermanent Rotation System
Pasture DesignPolywire Paddocks123Moveable fencesPerimeter fences4
Seasonal Fluctuations Over-abundance Move animals faster (speed up rotation) Take one or more paddocks out of rotation anduse for hay Under abundance Move animals slower Provide additional feed (hay, supplement) Feed animals in sacrifice area
It doesn’t have to be hard work!
Keys to Happy Grazers1.2.3.4.5.6.TLCFertilizationProper fencingSacrifice area & supplemental feedMaintenance vs. RenovationTurn out when dry and ample grass growth
Deciding when to move Look down Look ahead Look at the animals Look Behind Look at the weather Look at the calendar
bicidesPasture ManagementRequires DedicationPastureManagementLiming andFertilizationGrassRecovery
Impact of Weeds onForage Yield and Quality Reduce forage quantity, quality, and standlongevity. Reduce carrying capacity. Competitive with forages. May be poisonous. Reduce forage intake. Effect pasture aesthetics.
Pasture Weed Management The best insurance against weed invasion is avigorous and high quality pasture community. Weed and brush control are essential tools inpasture management programs designed tomaximize forage production and optimizelivestock performance.
Benefits of Using Herbicides Selective control of undesirable plants Efficacious Less labor required Favorable cost/benefit ratio Increased production of desirable foragegrasses
Why are Producers Hesitantto Treat Pastures with Herbicides? A combination of factors Cost of herbicide Effects on legumes Not sure herbicide will work Timing of application and implications forgrazing/haying They think mowing is better for protectinglegumes, is less expensive, and will do just as wellat weed control!!!!
Approaches to Assessing the Benefitsof Pasture Weed Control Controlling weeds shifts site resources to growmore grass. If weeds are present, horses tend topreferentially graze where weed pressure isless. When given a choice, horses will preferentially graze the weed freeareas and the amount of grass will decline due to spot grazing and weedcompetition.
Keys to Successful WeedManagement Identify the Weed What forage base is it in? Fescue? Bermuda? Maturity of the Weed Timing of Herbicide Application
Follow Directions!! Read the label Apply label Recommended Rates forweeds you are trying to control Are there Grazing Restrictions?
of Pasture Weed Control Controlling weeds shifts site resources to grow more grass. If weeds are present, horses tend to preferentially graze where weed pressure is less. When given a choice, horses will preferentially graze the weed free areas and the amount of grass will decline due to spot grazing and weed competition.
3.2 Chemical Weed Control 10 3.3 Thermal Weed Control 14 3.4 Biological Weed Control 15 4.0 Natural Areas Weed Management 16 4.1 Purpose 16 4.2 Limitations 16 4.3 Study Area 16 4.4 Weed Management Site Prioritisation 18 4.5 Weed Monitoring 20 4.6 Weed Prevention 22 4.7 Weed Control 24 4.8 Partnerships 28 5.0 Parks and Urban Landscaping
W-253 2018 NORTH DAKOTA WEED CONTROL GUIDE Compiled by: Rich Zollinger Extension Weed Science Contributors: Mike Christoffers Research Weed Science, Weed Genetics Caleb Dalley Research Weed Science, Hettinger R&E Center Greg Endres Extension Area Agronomist, Carrington R&E Center Greta Gramig Research Weed Science, Weed Ecology Kirk Howatt Research Weed Science, Small Grains/Minor Crops
A guide to spring weed control Spring weed control in established pasture There are three key steps to effective spring weed control in established pasture - timing, weed identification and product selection. 1. Timing One of the most common mistakes made with spring weed control is spraying too late.
Your guide to weed control in new pasture Weed control programmes for newly sown pasture There are two ideal times to spray for weeds in new pasture; prior to the first grazing and after the first grazing. The stage you choose is dependent on the species and size of the target weeds and will determine the correct product(s) to use. Pre-Grazing
pasture established for grazing, soil stabilisation, weed control, ley pasture establishment in a crop rotation, native pasture revegetation and amenity plantings. INTRODUCTION Establishing a new pasture can represent a considerable outlay of time and money, and like all operations to be successful, requires some forward planning.
States. In pasture, weed control decisions are based largely on visual thresholds and intuition. Reliable biological information or cost-benefit analysis is rarely available to support weed management decisions. Without question, weeds can compete directly with forage grasses or pasture to reduce their nutritional value and longevity. However, the
Managing weed burden for existing pasture If you're looking for ways to get more out of your existing land and pasture this season, a herbicide spray programme may be just the solution you need. Weeds like thistles, pennyroyal, water pepper, willow weed, buttercup, fleabane, hedge mustard and daisy germinate under existing pasture covers.
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