Sagvareulo - Elfiles.emis.ge
gaCeCilaZeTasagvareulo2
gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo(gaCeCilaZeebi, jaWvaZeebi, weveliZeebi)krebulis Semdgeneli, ramdenime kvleviTi da sainformaciostatiis avtori, mTavari redaqtori da gamomcemeliekaterine gaCeCilaZe2Tbilisi2012
UDC(uak)929.52(479.22) 94(479.22-22)g-247Cems naSroms vuZRvni mSoblebis mixeil nikolozis ZegaCeCilaZis da mariam platonis as. RibraZis naTel xsovnas.ekaterine g-Ze.did madlobas vuxdiT Cveni sagvareulo darbazis yvelawevrs, maT axloblebs da yvela adamians, vinc dagvexmara amkrebulisaTvis masalis SekrebaSi.gansakuTrebuli madlierebiT aRvniSnavT megi ieses as.*,dali ieses as.* da Tengiz aleqsandres Ze* gaCeCilaZeebismniSvnelovan wvlils krebulisaTvis biografiuli,genealogiuri da sxva masalebis moZieba-momzadebaSi.wignis Semdgenel-redaqtoriaRniSvnebis mniSvneloba* erTi aseTi varskvlaviT aRniSnulia im pirTa saxelebi, romelTabiografiebi Setanilia krebulis gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo I tomSi.** ori varskvlaviT aRniSnulia im pirTa saxelebi, romelTa biografiebiSetanilia krebulis gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo II tomSi.ISBN978-9941-0-4879-1(yvela wignis)ISBN 978-9941-0-4880-7(meore wignis)2
1. Semdgenel-redaqtorisaganwinamdebare krebuli warmoadgens gaCeCilaZe-jaWvaZe-weveliZeTasagvareulo darbazis aTwliani Sromis Sedegs.zemoxsenebuli darbazi daarsebulia 2001 wlis dekemberSi. misi mizaniasagvareulos SekavSireba, zrunva dadebiTi erovnuli da sagvareulotradiciebis SenarCunebisa da ganviTarebisaTvis, gaCeCilaZeTa bude sofelwevis aRorZinebisaTvis, sagvareulo salocavSi, wevis wmida giorgis eklesiaSi,mudmivi wirva-locvis aRdgenisaTvis da sxva.krebulis gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo (gaCeCilaZeebi-jaWvaZeebi weveliZeebi)I wigni gamovida 2005 wels. masSi Sesulia, istoriul dokumentebze dafuZnebuli,oTxi statia aRniSnuli gvarebisa da maTi bude soflis istoriissakiTxebze, aseve, biografiuli, genealogiuri da sxva masalebi.amave krebulis III wigni gamovida 2010 wels. masSi Sesulia sof. wevisfolklori (XIX s-Si Sekrebili folklorist sevasti gaCeCilaZis mier)da gaCeCilaZeebis da jaWvaZeebis, XX-XXI saukuneebis, literaturuli dasaxviTi Semoqmedebis nimuSebi.winamdebare wigni ki Seicavs gaCeCilaZe-jaWvaZe-weveliZeTa sagvareulolegendebsa da maT komentarebs, am sagvareulos, sof. wevis, misi eklesiis, gzisada skolis istoriasTan dakavSirebul, kvleviT da sainformacio xasiaTisstatiebs, aseve, biografiul, genealogiur da sxva masalebs.wignze muSaoba ramdenime weliwads gagvigrZelda da, am droSi, cocxaliadamianebis cxovrebaSi, romelTa biografiebic am wignSia Setanili, albaT,mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi moxda, magram, radgan Cven ar gvqonda informaciisxelaxla Sekreba-redaqtirebis saSualeba, biografiebs vbeWdavT im saxiT,ra saxiTac isini warmogvidgines 2005-2008 wlebSi.sagvareulo wignSi Sesatan pirTa SesarCev kriteriumad Cvens mogvareebsSevTavazeT pirovnebis gamorCeuloba raime dadebiTi niSniT (profesiaSiwarmatebulobiT, sazogadoebrivi aqtiurobiT, pirovnuli RirsebebiT). CvenvendeT Cveni mogvareebis arCevans. dae mkiTxvelma gansajos rogorc Cvensmier SeTavazebuli kriteriumis, ise Cveni mogvareebis mier gakeTebuliarCevanis siswore (biografiuli monacemebis gadamowmeba Cven ar gvicdiagarda calkeuli SemTxvevebisa. informaciis sizusteze pasuxismgebelniarian masalis momwodebelni).samwuxarod, Cveni sagvareulo krebulis I da II wignebSi ver Sevidamravali Rirseuli pirovnebis biografia, romelic, qronologiis mixedviT,swored am wignebSi iyo Sesatani, (Cven gamovaqveyneT, mxolod im pirTabiografiebi, romlebic Cven mogvawodes). magram sagvareulo krebulis SemdegiwignebisaTvis masalebis Sekreba grZeldeba da imedia, Cveni mogvareebiizruneben, raTa saTanado biografiuli, genealogiuri da sxva masalebimiawodon Cvens sagvareulo darbazs .3
2. murman lebaniZeimeruli baladavinme biqtorafarjanikiZe amasvin ifiqrebdasamoc wlis mere galeqsils!Cveni poetisCveni daviTis mamassaxlSi swveviagaCeCilaZe aleqsis.naTel-mironi,pativiscema, xaTrikai oci wliserTmaneTSua hqoniaT. ra gaxaroo,ra gaxaroo, naTli! zalaSi mZinarmaspinZels gaugonia.wamovardnilastumris natruli kaci,uTqvams: Se kaco,gavTavdi marnis ferebiT!mosaxdeliaCemi Wurebi awi! gadaxvevianavTandil-tarieliviT.raRa Tqma unda,burtyli gamdgara qaTmis,samzadSi qalebssacrisTvis wauSeniaT. ra gaxaroo,ra gaxaroo, naTli! biqtorasdauJinia.win wasZRoliastumars maranSi freniT,qvevrebs uxdis daWaSniks WiqaSi uwveTebs: Sen rom mestumre,rom momixvedi SeniT,ras maxarebo,kaco, magaze ukeTess! ra da, gavkeTdiT,ra da, avSendiT, naTliwels Tbiliss RvinoaRar Sevao kaxeTiT4
dousetyvia,mTlad mouspia qarTlicsapalne Rvinoswels xuT-xuT Tumnad gavyidiT! SescivebiaxelSi maspinZels xrika,Rvino Sxami daxrika aspiti hgonia,marnis kedlisTvisSeuqcevia Wiqa,uTqvams: if, biWo,me naTlimama myolia!fu, Sens kacobas!ar yofilxaro kaci!rafrad gabedeSen CemTvis magis xareba!aRar gnaxosoCemma Tvalebma awi,ar makadrooCems riadagze gareba! mougoziaumal saCqarod Wurebi,gamouxuravsaleqsis marnis karebi;Semoxvevianxvewna-mudariT, mdurebiT,mizezs wyenisasveras mimxvdaran qalebi. aq moarTviToTqvens naTlimamas cxeni!aramc da aramc!cxens ahkideTo tikjora! ar miuRianaTlimamisgan ZRveni,cxenze SeusvamsfarjanikiZe biqtora.cxeni yofilaoqroferili iabo,kaci yofilarogorc ityvian Savi.me es ambaviCemma daviTma miambo:Sens guls madloba!Sens suls naTeli, daviT!Cven xels viTbobdiTmag Seni gulis koconTan,5
Seni marTali gulisdResac var damjere;rac Sen miambe,rac Sen ambavSi mogwonda,rac ver moaswar,is aviRe da davwere:guli imerispatiosani Tonea,guli amerisaranaklebad iwvis,lixTamereTilixTimereTis Ronea,da Sen xarobdi,rom es glexkacmac icis.Sen imas swuxdi,rom kacs qarTvelsac uWirs,rom SigadaSig.gazrda sWirdeba mainc.erTi rkinisganfoladica da Tujic!erTi rcxilisganniCabica da baric!6
winasityvaoba me-3 me-7 paragrafebisaTvissaerTo fuZis mqone sami gvaris: gaCeCilaZeebis, jaWvaZeebis daweveliZeebis sagvareulo darbazi daarsda 2001 wlis 10 dekembers saqarTvelosgvariSvilobis kavSirisa (xelmZRv. akad. i. axuaSvili) da Jurnalist TengizgaCeCilaZis* TaosnobiT da qoreograf Tengiz gaCeCilaZis* xelSewyobiT. masSemdeg, ukve aTi welia, es darbazi eweva aqtiur saqmianobas.marTalia, Cveni muSaoba sagvareulo moZraobis xelmZRvanel mecnierTagansrulebiT damoukideblad warimarTa, magram maTi mxridan Cveni sagvareulosmimarT garkveuli interesi gamoixata: erTjer prof. l. fruiZe, erTjer kiprof. g. bedoSvili mobrZandnen darbazis sxdomebze, gaecvnen Cvens muSaobas,moiwones Cveni aqtiuroba da aRniSnes, rom Cveni muSaoba swori mimarTulebiTada TanmimdevrobiT mimdinareobda; b-n Tengiz Tomas Ze gaCeCilaZis* TqmiT, 2004wels Catarebul sagvareuloTa kavSiris krebazec dadebiTad SeufasebiaTCveni sagvareulo darbazis aqtiuroba.2004 w. prof. g. bedoSvils, gaz. jaWvSi gamosaqveyneblad, dauweria werilisof. wevis saxelwodebis Sesaxeb, xolo 2005 wels, gaz. sapovnelaSi gamoaqveynarecenzia Cveni sagvareulo krebulis I wignis Sesaxeb; amave wignis Sesaxebmcire recenzia mogvawoda prof. z. WumburiZem; akad. i. axuaSvilma Tavisiwignis qarTuli gvar-saxelebi VI tomSi gamoaqveyna statia Cveni sagvareulosSesaxeb, romelSic Taviseburad gamoiyena Cvens I wignSi moyvanili masalebic.cxadia sasurvelia, rom TiToeuli gvaris kvleva mimdinareobdes rogorcprofesionali onomatologebis, ise TviT sagvareulos warmomadgenlebis mierda zog SemTxvevaSi asec xdeba.mravalsaukunovani istoriis mqone gvarebis kvleva rTuli saqmea daSecdomebisagan ar arian dazRveuli arc profesionali da arc, gvaris Signidanmcodne , moyvaruli mkvlevarebi, miT ufro, rom sagvareuloTa kvleva jermxolod sawyis stadiaSia da kvlevis meTodikac jer kidev dasaxvewia.vfiqrobT, rom ama Tu im gvaris istoriiT dainteresebul, sxvadasxva profesiismqone mkvlevarTa keTilganwyobili, urTierTkritikuli mimarTeba waadgebaCvens saerTo saqmes. amitom, vaqveynebT zemoxsenebul mecnierTa statiebs, Cvenikomentarebis darTviT.ekaterine gaCeCilaZeguram bedoSvilibedoSvili, filologiismecn. doqtori, profesori. 3. saSvilTaSvilo wigniCvenma mkiTxvelma sazogadoebriobam kidev erTi anTropologiuri naSromimiiRo: sul axlaxan, 2005 wels, gamoica TvalsaCinod ilustrirebuli damdidari sagvareulo dokumentaciiT Sejerebuli wigni matiane, romelicsami sanaTesao gvaris: gaCeCilaZeebis, weveliZeebis da jaWvaZeebis warmoSobasada Semdgom saukuneebSi maT aRmasvla-ganviTarebis istorias eZRvneba. wignikrebuli Seudgenia, Sesavali werili, samecniero xasiaTis statiebi(gamokvlevebi) daurTavs da redaqtireba gauwevia xelovnebaTmcodnes,moqandakes gaCeCilaZeTa, jaWvaZeTa da weveliZeTa sagvareulo darbaziserT-erT xelmZRvanels, qalbaton ekaterine gaCeCilaZes. wigni matiane ixsnebasruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos – patriarqis, uwmindesisa da unetaresis,ilia II-is locva-kurTxeviT, romelic mas 2002 wlis 10 marts, sionissakaTedro taZarSi gaCeCilaZeTa gvaris dalocvisas warmouTqvams. didi madli trialebs am gvarSi , ubrZanebia am Sexvedraze uwmindessada unetaress. gaCeCilaZeTa gvarSi marTlac ZvelTaganve araerTi7
Rirssaxsovari pirovneba yofila sasulieronic da saeronic, gansakuTrebiTki humanitaruli mecnierebisa da xelovnebis, agreTve, medicinisa da zustimecnierebebis dargSi.krebulSi sami monaTesave gvaris: gaCeCilaZeebis, weveliZeebis, jaWvaZeebismier ganvlili didi da saintereso istoriis Sesaxeb masalaa warmodgenili,romelic, vfiqrobT, mkiTxvels gulgrils ar datovebs, miT umetes, romzemoxsenebul gvarTa warmomadgenlebis biografiuli masalebis saarqivosacavebSi moZiebas, agreTve, gvariSvilTa zepirgadmocemaTa aRnusxvagamomzeurebas sagvareulo darbazis wamyvanma wevrebma, pirvel rigSi kiqalbatonma ekaterine (eka) gaCeCilaZem, TavauRebeli, uangaro Sromis samiweli moandomes.nebismieri piri, gansakuTrebiT qarTuli sagvariSvilo moZraobiTdainteresebuli, am wignis pirveli gacnobisTanave aRfrTovanebuli Seafasebsmisi Semdgenel-gamomcemlis mier gaweul uzarmazar Sromas, romelic didipasuxismgeblobisa da siyvarulis gareSe ar miiRweva!wignSi aravin da araferia sagvareulos istoriidan Tu dRevandelobidangamorCenili. da Tu mainc zogi ram (masalis ukmarisobis gamo) wignis ItomSi ver moxvda, is dRis sinaTles ixilavs sagvareulo matianis II tomSi,romlis Sedgenaze muSaobac, ramdenadac CvenTvis gaxda cnobili, kargaxania mimdinareobs.gaCeCilaZeebis gvari erT-erTi cnobili da gavrcelebuli gvariasaqarTvelos amer-imerSi. XX saukunis dasasruls, 1995-96 wlebSi, oficialuraddadginda, rom mTel saqarTveloSi gaCeCilaZis gvars atarebda daaxloebiT4.400-mde piri, daaxloebiTo, imitom vambobT, rom avT. silagaZisa da anz.ToTaZis sacnobaro wignSi gvar-saxelebi saqarTveloSi (Tb., 1997 w.)gaCeCilaZeTa ricxovnoba respublikis sami qalaqis (Tbilisi, zestafoni,quTaisi) mixedviT 4325 kaciT aris gansazRvruli, Tumca im dros bevrmaCvenma moqalaqem (da, albaT, gaCeCilaZeTa araerTma wevrmac) uari TqvasavauCero baraTis miRebaze. magram es mainc ar aris mTavari. mTavari damniSvnelovania mkiTxveli sazogadoebisTvis miwodeba im uzarmazaridokumenturi masalisa, romelic cxadyofs am istoriuli gvaris calkeulwarmomadgenelTa TvalsaCino Rvawlsa da uangaro samsaxurs mSobeliqveynisa da eris cxovrebis gaumjobeseba-gakeTilSobilebis saqmeSi. naTelixdeba, rom gvariSvilobis maRali saxeli ganupirobebia ara imdenad gvarismravalricxovnobas, ramndenadac mis calkeul wevrTa gamorCeulmamuliSvilobas, maT Tavdadebas da upirobo siyvaruls rogorc sakuTrivTavisi gvaris, ise mTeli qveynis winaSe.rogorc sworadaa garkveuli, gaCeCilaZeebis bude-qveyana zestafoniisraionis sofeli wevaa. gvaris formireba-CamoyalibebaSi didi adgili hqoniadaTmobili s. wevis wminda giorgis saswaulmoqmed eklesias, romlisdaarsebac daviT IV aRmaSeneblis mefobis periods emTxveva. es faqtiTavisTavad mravlismetyvelia: im dros wevis (zogadad zemo da qvemosoflebis) teritoria imdenad xalxmravali da uxvmosavliani yofila, rommizanSewonilad miuCneviaT aq wminda giorgis fundamenturi eklesiisageba. isic uTuod sagulisxmoa, rom qveda weva , Tavisi axalSeni venaxebiTrostevan rCeulaZes vahanis (vanis) qvabebis monastrisaTvis Seuwiravs. essagulisxmo cnoba vahanis qvabis wesdebis ( gangebis ) xelnawerSi ikiTxeba.marTalia, mas wyaroTmcodne mecnierebi (T. Jordania, z. aleqsiZe, v. silogava.)sxvadasxva epoqis Zeglad miiCneven, magram romel saukunesac undaganekuTvnebodes igi, XIII-s Tu XIX-XV-s, udavoa sof. wevisa da misi XIsukuneSi agebuli wminda giorgis eklesiis roli da mniSvneloba Suasaukuneebis saqarTvelos politikur-ekonomikuri organizebissaxelmwifoebriv saqmeSi. erTi ram cxadia: wignis avtor-Semdgenelis erTgvari8
daeWveba wevis Walisa da venax-partaxis Sewirva vahanis qvabTamonastrisaTvis teritoriuli siSoris gamo, SesaZloa realobas ar asaxavdeso,usafuZvlod gveCveneba, radgan Zveli qarTuli samonastro-saeklesio cxovrebisistoriaSi araerTi faqtia cnobili, roca ama Tu im eklesias, Tundacqveynis gareT mdebares, metoqe eklesiad uniSnavdnen ekonomikuraddawinaurebul romelime mrevlmraval monasters, raTa mas xeli Seewyo misimaRal saeklesio doneze funqcionirebisaTvis. ar aris SeuZlebeli, sworedaseTi metoqis roli dakisreboda wevis eklesias vahanis qvabis monastrismimarT. rac Seexeba xsenebuli xelnaweris silogavaseuli kiTxvis wevisbolos nacvlad evis bolos gulvebas, mas dauZleveli winaaRmdegobaaxlavs: Zveli qarTuli w da erTimeorisagan imdenad gansxvavdebian,rom maTi aRreva warmoudgenlad gveCveneba. asea Tu ise, ukve sruliadsarwmuno cnobebiT XV s-is Sua wlebSi, 1452 wels giorgi mefes gogia dagognia maWavarian-siqduriSvilebisaTvis ganuaxlebia wevis SewirulobissabuTi (sarecenz. wigni, gv. 09). es imaze metyvelebs, rom Tu mefe sofliswyalobas mis mflobels ganuaxlebs, maS mas Tavdapirveli wyaloba 1-2saukuniT adre mainc unda hqondes gacemul-naboZebi.isic uTuod sainteresoa, rom wevis ZirZveli mflobelebi Tu mosaxlenimaWavarianebi da siqduriSvilebi yofilan. pirveli cnoba gaCeCilaZeebiss. wevaSi saxlobis Taobaze werilobiT wyaroebSi XVI s-is 60-70-ian wlebidanCndeba (gv. 12). rogorc Cans, am droisaTvis maWavarianebi da siqduriSvilebisocialurad qveiTdebian (an samosaxlos icvlian) da gaCeCilaZeTa gvariiwyebs aRmavlobas.wignSi sainteresod aris naCvenebi, Tu erTi ZiriTadi gvaridan,gaCeCilaZidan, rogor iRebs saTaves sisxlxorceulad monaTesave sxvdasxvagvari: OoTiaSvili, weveliZe, jaWvaZe. aqve davZenT, rom Tu weveliZeTagaCeCilaZeebisagan warmomavloba eWvs ar iwvevs (wevidan qarTlSi gadasuliori Zma dasaxlebula sof. tezerSi da gvarad fsevdonimi-weveliZe miuRiaT),ramdenadme gaWirdeba jaWvaZeTa adrindeli gaCeCilaZeobis damtkiceba. esmtkicebuleba, faqtiurad emyareba wevisa da wevelebis istoriis pirvelimkvlevaris, sevasti gaCeCilaZis, informacias. igi 1899 w. akakis TviurkrebulSi (#3, gv. 32-33) werda, rom mciremiwianobisa da duxWiri cxovrebisgamo weveli gaCeCilaZeebis erTi nawili ayrila da zogi qvemoTSi ,zogic kaxeTSi dasaxlebula jaWvaZis gvariTo (sarecenzio wigni, gv. gv. 21,32). erTi versiiT ki TviT jaWvaZe yofila gaCeCilaZeTa Tavdapirveligvari da amitom kaxeTs (s. Weremi, s. fSaveli) sacxovreblad gadasulgaCeCilaZeebs TiTqos TavianTi istoriuli gvari daubrunebiaT da, amrigad,jaWvaZeebad dawerilan. vimeorebT, amgvar versias ar axlavs raime werilobiTisabuTi, sigeli an wyalobis wigni. sayuradReboa is faqtic, rom TviTon amgamocemis Semdgenel-redaqtoric zepir gadmocemebs agrerigad ar endobada gaCeCilaZe – jaWvaZeTa igiveobis dasamtkiceblad damatebiTi argumentebismopovebas Tvlis saWirod. uTuod sworia qalbatoni ekaterine, roca uaryofsTvalsazriss jaWvaZis samSeneblo qvis jaWviseburi wesiT xelidan xelSimiwodebis an mWedlobis rewvis gziT Serqmevis Taobaze (gv. 33). CvenifiqriT jaWva pirovnuli saxelia, romlis bolo a sufiqsi raRacasTanmsgavsebaze (Zal-Rone, xasiaTis simedgre, simtkice, Seuvaloba.) migvaniSnebs.ar aris gamoricxuli, rom jaWv-a romelime xviara balaxis (mcenaris)saxelic iyos (Sdr. analogiuri gziT miRebuli gvari xmalaZe, romelicmcenare xmala-sagan iRebs saTaves da ara iaraRisagan. saWurvel – iaraRisxelosnobis aRniSvna qarTul gvarebSi me-e konfiqsiT xorcieldeba; meTof-e (meTofiSvili), me-far-e (mefariSvili, mefariZe//nefariZe) me-xanjl-e(mexanjliSvili) da misT.radgan saxelwodebaTa etimologiaze Camovarda sityva, isic unda9
SevniSnoT, rom sof. wevis Sesaxeb SemoTavazebuli etimologiebi (ix. gv. gv.7-8) naklebkvalificiurobis STabeWdilebas tovebs, varaudebi ukmaria. racSeexeba xaSuris raionis sofel tezeris etimologias (merab weveliZe, v.da l. abramiSvilebi), igi srulebiT aramecnierulia da amdenadarasarwmunoc. jer erTi, Turqul koSk sityvas saerTo araferi aqvs uZveleszanuri warmoSobis o-Sq (//-o-Sk-) sityvasTan (VII-IX saukuneebSi iq Turqebissaxsenebelic ar iyo!) da, meorec, ZvelqarTul onomastikonSi arasodesarsebobda kompoziti mtermzveri , saidanac, viTomda, toponimi tezeriiyos warmomdgari! Cveni fiqriT tezeri adamianis sadaurobis maCvenebelitoponimi unda iyos. Tavdapirvelad unda gvqonoda Tezeli , romelicmogvianebiT (uTuod rusulis gavleniT) tezer-ad gadakeTebula. tezerTandakavSirebiT gvagondeba erT-erTi xalxuri etimologistis mier gvaris,metrevelis axsna, rogorc mtermreveli , meti mtris mreveli! roca solidurgamokvlevaSi aqa-iq umwifari etimologiebi gamoCndeba, amas wignisTvisaraviTari sargebloba ar moaqvs, piriqiT-ki!sarecenzio wignSi umdidresi anTropologiuri masalaa warmodgenilibabuiSvilobis xazis (Stos) misaTiTeblad (gasarCevad). maTSi Cans weveligaCeCilaZeebis maRali inteleqti, mdidari fantazia, warmosaxvis unari daSefaruli iumoric ki. gvariSvilobis Sto-gvarebad gamoiyeneboda rogorcsakuTriv gvarebi: oTiaSvili, lanCava, gundaeTeli, TomaSvili, gogeba,papuCela. ise pirovnebis fizikur-sulieri maxasiaTeblebis aRmniSvnelimetsaxelebi: beltiylapia, bRoWiala, kreWia, kunkuraxi, RiRina, lobio,lulia. isini pirvelad Semodian saenaTmecniero (onomastikur) mimoqcevaSida, gvjera, kuTvnil adgilsac daimkvidreben. RmerTma inebos, sxva sagvariSvilomoZraobis moTaveebsac miebaZoT qalbaton ekaterine gaCeCilaZissaSvilTaSvilo saqmianobisaTvis! 4. sofel wevis saxelwodebis Sesaxebsofeli weva Tanamedrove oficialur wyaroebSi or soflad zeda daqveda wevad moixsenieba, Tumca aSkaraa, rom Zvelad, X-XI saukuneebidandawyebuli XX saukunemde, md. Zirulis xeobaSi mdebare ori uban-sofelimxolod erTi saxeliT (weva) iyo cnobili. sainteresoa, rom sofeli wevaqarTvel mefeTa da eklesiis saWeTmpyrobelTa yuradRebas imTaviTvemii pyrobda, rogorc Zirulis xeobis erT-erTi yvelaze ufro gamorCeuli,xalxmravali da ekonomikurad dawinaurebuli samosaxlo adgili. am faqtisdasturia is, rom jer kidev SuasaukuneebSi, mefe daviT aRmaSeneblis winarexanaSi (XIs.) aq safuZveli eyreba wminda giorgis eklesias, romelsac Cvenididi geografi, istorikos-kartografi vaxuSti bagrationi (1696 1758) saswaulTmoqmedad moixseniebs: Sorapans zeiT. moerTvis fuTs varZiiswyali (dRevandeli md. borimela, g. b.). am xevs zeiT erTvis Zirulasvemeednis xevi. amaszed ars mwyeris-cixe (mewyeris cixe ? g. b.), mravalgzisSemusrvili. amis pirispir, Zirulis CdiloT da Sorapnis aRmosavliT, arswevas eklesia wmidis giorgisa, saswaulTmoqmedi (vaxuSti, aRwera samefosasaqarTvelosa, Tb. 1997 w. gv. 156).saistorio-ekonomikur werilobiT ZeglebSi sofeli weva, agreTve, misimimdebare sameurneo nakveTebi saxelwodebiT wevis bolo XV saukunisSua wlebidan aris moxseniebuli. 1452 wlis TibaTvis 12 ricxvSi Sedgenil(Tu gadaweril) sabuTSi naTqvamia, rom wevis bolo (e. i. soflis qvemoTmdebare savargulebi, g. b.) rostevan rCeulasZes vanis qvabebisaTvis Seuwiravs.meore cnobiT sof. wevis wyalobis sabuTi imereTis mefe giorgis ganuaxlebiagogia da gognia maWavarian siqduriSvilebisaTvis (ix. masalebi saqarTvelos10
istoriuli geografiisa da toponimikisaTvis w.I Tb., 1964, gv. 258). amsabuTSi daculi cnobebi araerT saintereso sakiTxs aRZravs. pirvel rigSiCvens yuradRebas is ambavi miipyrobs, rom wevis bolos , viTarca uxvmosavlianda nayofier adgilebs, swiraven mesxeTSi, varZiis siaxloves mdebare vanis(vahanis) qvabebs anu monasters. maSasadame wevis bolo iseTi mniSvnelovaniadgil-mamuli yofila, rom umaRles xelisufalT vanis qvabTa msaxurTaTvis(mRvdlebi, ber-monazvnoba) sazrdod da saxsrad SeuwiravT.da kidev, Tu sofel wevis wyalobis sigels mefe gioorgi 1452 welskvlav ganuaxlebs maWavarian-siqduriSvilebs, es garemoeba imas migvaniSnebs,rom sofels amaze uwinares 5-6 saukuniT adre uarsebia; sul rom araferi, aq,am sofelSi xom wminda giorgis eklesia XI s-Sia agebuli! aRniSnulisabuTi imasac cxadyofs, rom wevaSi XV saukunis Sua wlebSi ori gvariyofila dawinaurebuli (privilegirebuli): maWavariani da siqduriSvili.aqve barem imasac vetyviT Cveni gazeTis mkiTxvels, rom gvaris maWavarianisimeruli warmoSoba aSkaraa. marTalia, sagvarovno ian sufiqsi svanurienis kuTvnilebad aris gamocxadebuli, magram Cans, es sufiqsi adreulsaukuneebSi qarTuli enis kiloebSi, kerZod, imerulSi, aseve cnobili undayofiliyo. sxvagvarad, albaT, ver avxsnidiT qarTlur, kaxur, mTiulur dasxva dialeqtebSi iseTi sagvareulo saxelebis arsebobas, rogoricaa:xuc ian i, Salik ian i, gamixard ian i. rac Seexeba siqduriSvil gvars,am SemTxvevaSic Cvens winaSe moCans saxelis fonetikuri (bgerobrivi)cvlilebis sagulisxmo faqti: Zvel qarTulSi, albaT, ukve XIII-XIV saukuneebSi,arsebobda mamakacis sakuTari saxeli siqaduli, rac siamayes, zog SemTxvevaSimuqaras, niSnavda: siqaduli Cemi Sen xar! (ierem. 17, 14): (ix. il. abulaZe,Zveli qarTuli enis leqsikoni, Tb. 1973 w.). dokumentis Sedgenisas (daalbaT, Sedgenamde bevrad ufro adrec!) siqadul - fuZidan a xmovaniamovardnila (saxelis naTes. brunvaSi dasmis gamo), xolo l Tanxmovnis rTanxmovnad qcevis gziT (siqadul siqdul siqdur-) sabolood siqdurisSvili// siqduriSvili migviRia. damatebiT imis Tqmac ar iqneba urigo, Tu vityviT,rom es uZvelesi gvari dResac agrZelebs funqcionirebas da ramdenimeformiT aris dadasturebuli: sikturaSvili, siqTuraSvili, siqturaSvili.isic unda SevniSnoT, rom am periodis werilobiT ZeglebSi sof. wevisZiriTad mkvidrebad gaCeCilaZeebi ratomRac ar Canan. xom ar migvaniSnebses faqti imas, rom gaCeCilaZeTa gvaris warmomadgenlebi am periodisaTvissocialurad jer kidev ar yofilan dawinaurebulebi? an xom ar ariangaCeCilaZeebi s. wevaSi imereTis sxva romelime xevidan (sazogadoebidan)mosuli? es Cemi kerZo azria, amitom mas mtkicebulebis Zala ara aqvs.sakiTxs damatebiTi kvleva sWirdeba.aqve gvinda mkiTxvels gavuziaroT zogierTi mosazreba sofel wevissaxelwodebis warmomavlobis Taobaze. toponimi weva isevea a sufiqsiTgaformebuli, rogorc sxva araerTi qarTuli geografiuli saxeli: kod-a,qed-a, leRva-a, TiRv-a, boyv-a, naZv-a, xiz-a, fereT-a da sxv. mr. – a sufiqsisaxelebSi Tviseba-mqoneblobas aRniSnavs, magram Cvens SemTxvevaSi ras undaaRniSnavdes wev fuZe, mTlad naTeli ar aris. xom ar SeiZleba wev Zirizmnur miwevna-s an Sewevna-s davukavSiroT? SeiZleboda gagvexsenebina, agreTvesaxelzmnuri forma mo-wev-a (mosavlis, xilis.). rogorc Cans, weva ZvelTaganvegamoirCeoda xilis drouli moweviT (SemosvliT) an uxvi mosavlis miRebiT.es garemoeba xom ar edo safuZvlad wevis bolos vanis qvabebismonastrisaTvis Sewirvis faqts? rogorc vxedavT, wevis etimologiuri kvlevaZieba araerT varauds gviCens, Tumca, maTgan romel Tvalsazriss mivaniWoTupiratesoba, erTob Wirs. Cven mainc intuiturad mxars davuWerdiT wevis,rogorc sasoflo-sameurneo dargis aRmniSvnel termins ( mosavlis, Wirnaxulismoweva, aReba ), Tumca arc misi religiur-sarwmunoebrivi aspeqti ( Se-wev-11
na ) aris nakleb angariSgasawevi.dasasrul davZenT, rom sofelma wevam, rogorv cnobilma toponimma,saTave daudo qarTul gvars, wevelaZe // weveliZes, romelTagan mxolodbolo forma weveliZe gavrcelebula XIX saukunis miwuruls. 1995-96 wlebSi,mTels saqarTveloSi am gvars 284 piri atarebda. amaTgan yvelaze meti (104piri) TbilisSi saxlobs, borjomSi 32 weveliZes ucxovria, gorSi ki odnavnaklebs 27 pirs, danarCeni weveliZeebi (121 piri) (284-163 121) uTuodqarTlis regionis daba-soflebSi arian gansaxlebulni, radgan gamoricxulia,rom weveliZeebi (niSnavs sofel wevidan sacxovreblad sxvagan dadasulipiri ) zestafonis raionSive iyvnen dafuZnebulebi (kaxeTeliZe kaxeTismkvidri ver iqneba, iseve, rogorc megreliZe samegrelos mkvidrad ar moiazreba).rac Seexeba wevelaZe gvars, mas mxolod 2 kaci atarebs. sad cxovrobs esori wevelaZe, ucnobia. mTavari aq isaa, rom wevelaZe ar gavrcobila, upiratesobai-nian formas (weveliZe) moupovebia, sxvaTa Soris weveliZe gvaris arsebobaxaSuris raionis sof. tezerSi dadasturebuli aqvs cnobil onomatologsprof. il. maisuraZes (ix. misi qarTuli gvar-saxelebi Tb., 1990, gv. 213).safiqrebelia, rom xaSuris raionSi imereTidan migrirebuli weveliZe sxvacaraerTi saxlobdes.rogorc zemoT iTqva, dRevandeli sacnobaro literaturis mixedviTsof. weva calke aRebuli, cnobili ar aris. mis nacvlad arsebobs zedaweva da qveda weva, sasurvelad ki gveCveneba, rom weva, rogorc istoriulisofeli, calkec iyos moxsenebuli.guram bedoSvili, filologiismecn. doqtori, profesori.maisi, 2004 w. 5. zurab WumburiZefilologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori.krebulis gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo -sIwignis SesaxebgaCeCilaZeebis gvari dRes saqarTveloSi erT-erTi cnobili da sakmaodmravalricxovani gvaria, romlis rigebsac ara erTi saxelovani mecnieri,mwerali, xelovnebis muSaki Tu saxelmwifo moRvawe amSvenebs. bunebrivia,rom dRes, roca ganuwyvetliv izrdeba interesi qarTuli gvarebis istoriis,struqturis, etimologiis sakiTxebisadmi da gamodis wignebi damonografiuli gamokvlevebi calkeuli istoriuli gvarebis Sesaxeb, calkewignad gamoica aseTive naSromi gaCeCilaZeTa gvaris Sesaxeb. aqve mkiTxveligaecnoba am gvaris ganStoebebsac: jaWvaZeebsa da weveliZeebs.krebuli Sedgenilia xelovnebaTmcodne ekaterine gaCeCilaZis mier, erTvismisive Sesavali werili da gamokvleva, win uZRvis sruliad saqarTveloskaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmindesisa da unetaresis ilia II-is locvakurTxeva. rogorc uwmindesi brZanebs, didi madli trialebs am gvarSi.gaCeCilaZeebis salocavi aris wminda giorgis saswaulTmoqmedi taZari,xolo wmida giorgi gaxlavT mebrZoli borotebis winaaRmdeg da simbologamarjvebisa .ek. gaCeCilaZis werili masalebi gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulosistoriisaTvis sainteresod ikiTxeba da bevr saintereso masalas Seicavsgvaris warsulidan. aseve sainteresoa misive meore naSromi jaWvaZeebiskvaldakval , magram, Cemi azriT, ajobebda es ori naSromi gaerTianebuli12
saxiT yofiliyo warmodgenili.wignSi sxvac araerTi saintereso werilia: goCa aroniSiZis RvTismsaxurigaCeCilaZeebi , konstantine gaCeCilaZis wevis skola as aTi wlisaa . aqveagvaris cnobil warmomadgenelTa biografiuli cnobebi, fotoebi, maT SorisXIX s. fotosuraTebi da sxva masala. biografiebTan dakavSirebiT undaiTqvas, rom maTi gadamowmeba Semdgenel-redaqtors ar ucdia da mTlianadmindobia masalis momwodeblebs. Cveni azriT, zog SemTxvevaSi mainc sasurveliiyo am masalebis redaqtireba, raTa zogi Tanamogvaris revoluciuridamsaxureba da biografiis detalebi ufro zomierad yofiliyo warmodgenili.saerTod, krebulis Semdgenelsa da Tanaavtorebs ar RalatobT zomierebisgrZnoba, wignSi friad sagulisxmo masalaa Tavmoyrili da, rogorc vTqviT,is Tavidan bolomde interesiT ikiTxeba.rogorc Cans, am wigns mohyveba gagrZeleba meore wignis saxiT. vusurvebmis avtorebs Semdgom warmatebebs.25. IV. 2006 w. 6. ekaterine gaCeCilaZekomentarebi gaCeCilaZe-jaWvaZe-weveliZeTa sagvareulo -s Iwignis, profesorebis g. bedoSvilisa da z. WumburiZiseul,recenziebze da g. bedoSvilis statiaze sofel wevissaxelwodebis Sesaxeb 2005 wlis dasawyisSi, roca gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo -s I wigni gamovida,Tengiz aleqsandres Ze gaCeCilaZes (gogeba)* profesor g. bedoSvilisTvisuTxovia (CvenTan SeuTanxmeblad) wignis Sesaxeb azris gamoTqma. b-ni guramigamoxmaurebia mis Txovnas da gaz. sapovnelaSi (2005 w. #7-8) gamouqveynebiavrceli recenzia saTauriT saSvilTaSvilo wigni . ufro adre, 2004 w., bni Tengizisave TxovniT, mas dauweria statia, sof. wevis saxelwodebisSesaxeb, gaz. jaWvSi gamosaqveyneblad, magram, radgan aRniSnuli gazeTi 2003wlis Semdeg aRar gamosula, b-n Tengizs Seunaxavs es statia da, gaz. sapovnelaSi dabeWdil statiasTan erTad, gadmogvca 2005 wlis Semodgomaze.g. bedoSvilis orive statias vaqveynebT winamdebare wignSi, Cveni komentarebisdarTviT.upirveles yovlisa, madlierebiT aRvniSnavT, rom b-n g. bedoSvilisrecenziaSi gamosWvivis keTilganwyoba sarecenzio naSromis avtorisa damisi kvlevis obieqtisadmi, rac ueWvelad xazgasasmelia, miT ufro, rom,Cvenda gasakvirad, sxva mkvlevaris naSromSi wavawydiT sapirispirodamokidebulebas aRniSnuli misamarTiT , razec 7 Si, im naSromiskomentirebisas, gavamaxvilebT mkiTxvelis yuradRebas.Cven vapirebdiT b-ni guramis statiebze pasuxis gacemas Cveni kvlevisdasrulebis Semdeg, magram kvleva sakmaod didxans gagvigrZelda da, samwuxarod,b-ni gurami mis dasrulebamde gardaicvala. miuxedavad amisa, Cven mainc vaqveynebTpasuxs mis statiebze.Cvens mizans ar Seadgens b-ni guramis recenziis kritikuli Sefasebaar SeiZleba pretenzia gvqondes im adamianis mimarT, romelmac, sruliaduangarod, amdeni dro da energia dauTmo Cveni naSromis ganxilvas, miTufro, rom gvesmis: mokle droSi momzadebul sagazeTo recenziis avtorsSeuZlebelia mosTxovo im konkretul TemaSi skrupulozuri CaRrmaveba,romelSic mas piradad kvleva ar uwarmoebia. operatiuli sagazeTo recenziismomzadebisas recenzentebi, metwilad, xelmZRvaneloben im zogadi13
STabeWdilebiT, rac maT rCebaT sarecenzio naSromis, xSir SemTxvevaSi,erTxel wakiTxviT (gansakuTrebiT maSin, Tu es naSromi, Cveni naSromismsgavsad, sakmaod vrcelia), rac zogjer ar kmara naSromis Sinaarsis zogierTiniuansis aRsaqmelad.Tumca, roca saTanado dargis profesionali, keTilganwyobili recenzentiramdenadme araadeqvaturad aSuqebs zogierT sakiTxs, risi warmoCenacsarecenzio naSromis avtors sxvagvarad surda, amaSi brali, albaT, TviTnaSromis avtors miuZRvis. rogorc Cans, Cven ver CamovayalibeT Cveni azriimdenad mkafiod, rom profesional mkiTxvels mainc aReqva adeqvaturad,aRarafers vambobT araprofesional mkiTxvelze.amitom, recenziaSi moyvanil SeniSvnebze pasuxis gacema aucilebladmigvaCnia, Cvenive azris ufro mkafiod gamosakveTad da Cveni kvlevis Sedegebzeswori warmodgenis Sesaqmnelad.pirvel rigSi aRvniSnavT recenzentis mier, Cveni naSromis safuZvelze,wevis eklesiis agebis drod daviT aRmaSeneblis mefobis xanis miCnevisSesaxeb: gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulos I tomSi (gv. 7-8) Cven moyvanili gvaqvsaseTi teqsti: gaCeCilaZeTa sagvareulo gadmocemebSi sof. wevis saxelwodebaorgvaradaa ganmartebuli: I rogorc gaweva, gadaadgileba (tvirTis).( daviT aRmaSenebels, aRdgeniTi da saaRmSeneblo samuSaoebis sawarmoeblad,imereTSi Cauyvania xelosnebi. maTi erTi jgufi, romelic axlandeli wevisteritoriaze muSaobda, mSeneblobamde qvas jaWviseburi, anu xelidan xelSigadacem
ToTaZis sacnobaro wignSi gvar-saxelebi saqarTveloSi (Tb., 1997 w.) gaCeCilaZeTa ricxovnoba respublikis sami qalaqis (Tbilisi, zestafoni, quTaisi) mixedviT 4325 kaciT aris gansazRvruli, Tumca im dros bevrma Cvenma moqalaqem (da, albaT, gaCeCilaZeTa araerTma wevrmac) uari Tqva savauCero baraTis miRebaze. magram es mainc ar aris mTavari. mTavari da
Sharing a patient's SystmOne record with organisations using EMIS Web. . Configurations button and upload the file. Note: EMIS has a different sharing model to SystmOne. A data sharing agreement will need to be set up and configured by EMIS to allow record sharing. If you have any questions, you should discuss this with EMIS directly.
EMIS PCS New user guide Saved as: UG038 PCS New user guide.doc Page 5 1 Introduction to EMIS PCS EMIS PCS (Primary Care System) covers all areas of practice procedure, enabling you to automate many areas of practice activity. EMIS PCS helps to streamline practice operations by providing an efficient, reliable and secure working environment.
It should be noted that a key limitation of the use of EMIS data is that EMIS do not include children who are out of school. Data from EMIS can be used to disaggregate c ompletion and drop -out rates by disability. While the number of students with disabilities can be monitored, calculating attendance rates requires survey data .
Module 3 1 Understanding the Education Management Information System The following chapter provides an introduction to EMIS and gives an overview of the direct role EMIS plays in education planning, monitoring, evaluation and administration and how, as a rich source of information, EMIS provides important data for all stakeholders in education.
4.5 Career-Technical Education Correlated Class (CV) Record . Revised: July 1, 2020 ODE EMIS Manual, Version 56. ii . R. EVISION . H. ISTORY. The revision history sections of the EMIS Manual provide a means for readers to easily navigate to the
les titres de créance négociables à court terme, à savoir principalement les bons du Tré-sor émis par les Trésors nationaux (ceux du Trésor français sont les BTF et les BTAN courts), les certificats de dépôt émis par les banques et les billets de trésorerie émis par les entreprises. 1.2.1. Les emprunts « en blanc »
ToTaZe gvar-saxelebi saqarTveloSi ; Tb. 1997 w; gv. 55). gvarsaxeli erTi aqvT da Ziradac (sisxlad) erTni unda iyvnen gasitaSvilni. 2. gasitaSvilTa sagvareul os bude- pirvelsacxovrisi Sida qarTlis velze unda . aramed erTiani qarTuli kulturisa da enis (sax- elmwifo, saRvTismetyvelo, saliteraturo enis) Se- qmnaSi. iseve, rogorc saqarTvelos sxva .
June 1982 concerning certain products used in animal nutrition(6), should be included as a category of feed additives and therefore transferred from the scope of that Directive to this Regulation. (13) Implementing rules concerning applications for authorisation of feed additives should take into account different documentation requirements for food-producing and other animals. (14) In order .
