North Shore Equitable Building - Penn State College Of Engineering
North Shore Equitable Building Stephan Northrop – Structural Option Advisor: Dr. Hanagan April 13, 2011
North Shore Equitable Building Presentation Outline Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building General Building Information Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Location: Pittsburgh’s North Shore Owner: Continental Real-Estate Codes & Loads Occupancy Type: Low rise commercial Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Delivery method: Design build Foundation Assessment Dates of construction: Oct ’03 - Dec ‘04 Acoustic Analysis Breadth Cost: 70 million Size: 6 stories, 180,000 sq. Ft. Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions 87’1” building height Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Existing Structural System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Foundation Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment 5 ½” Slab on grade 18” Auger Cast Piles Steel H piles Light rail transit line accommodation Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Existing Structural System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Foundation Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment 5 ½” Slab on grade 18” Auger Cast Piles Steel H piles Light rail transit line accommodation Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Existing Structural System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement General Floor Framing Proposed Solution Gravity System Structural Depth 5 ½” Lightweight composite floor slab Steel wide flange beams and girders W14 steel columns Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Lateral System Acoustic Analysis Breadth N/S Direction: Braced frames Conclusion E/W Direction: Steel moment frames Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Existing Structural System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement General Floor Framing Proposed Solution Gravity System Structural Depth 5 ½” Lightweight composite floor slab Steel wide flange beams and girders W14 steel columns Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Lateral System Acoustic Analysis Breadth N/S Direction: Braced frames Conclusion E/W Direction: Steel moment frames Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Problem Statement Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Subgrade light rail transit line poses vibration and noise control issues Large bay sizes are required Project Goals Improve noise control Maintain existing grid layout Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Solution Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Structural Depth Study Proposed Solution Structural Depth Redesign the structure as a one way concrete pan joist and beam system Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Acoustic Analysis Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Investigate the impact on the building foundation Investigate the noise reduction benefits of a concrete structure Cost & Schedule Analysis (not presented) Investigate the cost and scheduling implications of a concrete structure Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Solution Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement One Way Concrete Pan Joist and Beam System Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Inherent noise & vibration reduction Ability to accommodate long spans Decreased floor depth Possibility of decreased construction costs Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Codes & Loads Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Existing Design Proposed Solution 100 PSF live loads at all levels Structural Depth AISC 9th edition, ACI 318-95, and ASCE 7-95 used Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions for design Redesigned Structure 80 PSF live load at all upper levels 100 PSF live load at ground level ACI 318-08 and ASCE 7-05 used for redesign Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Gravity System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Slab/Pan Joist Design Normal weight, 4000 psi concrete Designed using Excel spreadsheets and hand calculations Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Slab Foundation Assessment 24.5” deep floor system 4.5” thick slab with #3 bars @ 12” o.c. Acoustic Analysis Breadth Pan Joists Conclusion 20” depth, 7” width Acknowledgements & Questions Spaced at 60” o.c. 2 #9 top bars & 2 #10 bottom bars Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Gravity System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Girder Design Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Designed using Excel spreadsheets and hand calculations 24.5” x 40” Girders used for 44’ spans 24.5” x 32” girders used for spans less than 44’ Acoustic Analysis Breadth Spans 40’ reinforced with #9 and #10 bars Conclusion Spans 40’ reinforced with #8 bars Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Gravity System Building Introduction Floor System Framing Plan Existing Building Information Problem Statement Floor System Framing Plan Proposed Solution Decreased tributary area Structural Depth No additional columns necessary Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Excessive tributary area Stephan Northrop Structural Option Disrupted open floor space
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Gravity System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Stairwell & Elevator Shaft Framing Stairwell & Elevator Shaft Framing Problem Statement Proposed Solution Beam widths of 24”, 20” and 16” used Structural Depth Spans range from 20’ to 44’ #6 and #8 bars used for reinforcing Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Gravity System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Column Design Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Designed using an Excel spreadsheet and hand calculations Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Exterior Columns Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Checked using spColumn 24”x48” L-shaped columns at all corners 24”x48” Rectangular columns along exterior Interior Columns 30”x30” and 26”x26” square columns at 1st level Sizes decrease with ascending floor level Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Gravity System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Column Design Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Designed using an Excel spreadsheet and hand calculations Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Exterior Columns Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Checked using spColumn 24”x48” L-shaped columns at all corners 24”x48” Rectangular columns along exterior Interior Columns 30”x30” and 26”x26” square columns at 1st level Sizes decrease with ascending floor level Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Lateral System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Ordinary concrete moment frames Proposed Solution L-shaped and rectangular columns along exterior Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment to add stiffness Concrete shear walls at core avoided to minimize torsion Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Lateral System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement ETABS Computer Model Proposed Solution Modeling Assumptions Structural Depth Rigid Diaphragms used at all levels Building mass represented as diaphragm Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth additional area mass Cracked moment of inertias considered Rigid end offsets applied to all members using a factor of 0.5 Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Lateral System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Wind & Seismic Loading Application Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Wind Forces Calculated using ASCE 7-05 MWFRS North/South direction controls due to a larger exposure area Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Lateral System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Wind & Seismic Loading Application Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Seismic Forces Calculated using ASCE 7-05 Controls over wind due to building weight R 3.0 for ordinary concrete moment frames CuTa 1.76 s (controlling period) Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Lateral System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Relative Stiffness & Center of Rigidity Proposed Solution Structural Depth Stiffness of moment frames range from 65.80 Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Center of mass at center point of building Foundation Assessment Very little eccentricity due to symmetrical design (K/in) to 170.18 (K/in) Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Proposed Lateral System Building Introduction Existing Building Information Story Deflections Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Foundation Assessment Building Introduction Existing Pile Cap Design Existing Building Information Problem Statement Existing System Proposed Solution 18” Auger cast piles (290 K capacity) Structural Depth 5 piles per typical pile cap Bearing capacity 1450 K per pile cap Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Redesigned System 2000.84 K axial load per column 7 - 18” piles per pile cap Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option Redesigned Pile Cap
North Shore Equitable Building Acoustic Analysis Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Noise Sources under consideration 95 dB subway below grade 71 dB passenger car at parking sublevel Mechanical system at roof level Target dB value at level 1 38 dB or less Acoustic Analysis Breadth Calculations Performed Conclusion Transmission Loss through S.O.G. and parking level Acknowledgements & Questions STL comparison of new and existing roof structures Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Acoustic Analysis Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Noise Sources under consideration 95 dB subway noise at level 1 71 dB passenger car noise at level 1 Mechanical noise at roof level Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Calculations Performed Foundation Assessment STL at parking sublevel Acoustic Analysis Breadth STL at Level 1 Conclusion STL comparison of new and existing roof structures Acknowledgements & Questions Target dB value at level 1 38 dB or less Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Acoustic Analysis Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Conclusions Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Noise transmission is not an issue in the redesigned system Noise reduction is improved at the roof level Noise reduction is improved in the redesign: Acoustic Analysis Breadth Increase in slab thickness and density Conclusion Increase in building weight leads to decreased vibrations Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Conclusion Building Introduction Existing Building Information Drawbacks to redesigned Structure All Project Goals were achieved Problem Statement Proposed Solution Noise control is improved Structural Depth Existing grid layout is maintained Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Additional Benefit: Excessively large column and girder sizes Increased building weight Increase construction time Final Conclusion: Construction cost is decreased Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option Costs outweigh benefits Existing structure is the most economical
North Shore Equitable Building Acknowledgements Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Primary Project Team: Mike Hudec Robert Modany Dina Snider Ken Ash Louis Mittleman Continental Real-Estate Continental Real-Estate Strada Architects Michael Baker Michael Baker The Pennsylvania State University: Dr. Linda Hanagan Prof. M Kevin Parfitt Prof. Robert Holland Ryan Solnosky, Shaun Kreidel and Dr. Andres Lepage The entire AE faculty and staff A special thank you to my friends and family for their constant support Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Building Introduction Existing Building Information Problem Statement Proposed Solution Structural Depth Codes & Loads Proposed Gravity System Proposed Lateral System Foundation Assessment Questions & Comments Acoustic Analysis Breadth Conclusion Acknowledgements & Questions Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Final Thesis Presentation Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Additional Information Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Additional Information Figure 5-15: East/West Wind Pressure Elevation View Stephan Northrop Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Additional Information E/W wind story forces Stephan Northrop N/S wind story forces Structural Option
North Shore Equitable Building Additional Information E/W Seismic story forces Stephan Northrop Structural Option
18" Auger cast piles (290 K capacity) 5 piles per typical pile cap Bearing capacity 1450 K per pile cap Redesigned System 2000.84 K axial load per column 7 - 18" piles per pile cap Existing Pile Cap Design Redesigned Pile Cap
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