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Basic russian words and phrases pdf

Basic words in russian language. Russian Audio: To help you learn Russian this lesson has sound. Click the green icon to listen. (Help) Now that you understand the Russian letters and numbers, we will begin to learn some basic Russian phrases that you will commonly use as part of everyday communication. We will not attempt to introduce any grammar in this lesson. It is more important to learn some basic communication skills in Russian. Once you have a 'feel' for the language, you will find it easier to understand how the grammar works. When you were young, you learnt to speak before you learnt the grammar. We feel it is easier to learn Russian the same way, however don’t worry, we will cover grammar in later lessons. In this lesson you will learn the Russian language basics. When you are in Russia it is important to realise that Russians have two manners of speaking, formal or friendly. It would be considered slightly rude to use the wrong form in the wrong situation. Use the friendly (or familiar) form when you are speaking to someone you consider a friend. In situations where you have never met the person before you would use the formal form, for example in shops or with taxi drivers. You would also use the formal form as a sign of respect to teachers, or in places like business meetings. Keep this in mind as you work through these Russian lessons. This is much easier than it sounds, as there are only a couple of words that change. (Mainly the Russian word for “you”.) Please and Thank-You. The two most important words you will learn in Russian are please and thank-you. You can just add these to any sentence to make it more polite. Спасибо ("spa-see-ba") - Thank-You Пожалуйста ("pa-zhal-sta") - Please (and You're Welcome) The word Пожалуйста is also used to mean "You're Welcome", after somebody says thank-you. You should always say this after someone thanks you. Пожалуйста is pronounced a little different than it is written, you can basically forget the "уй". Yes and No. Two other very important Russian words are "Yes" and "No". Да ("da") - Yes Нет ("nyet") - No Saying Hello. When you are in Russia and you meet somebody, the first thing you will want to do is to say "hello". There are two forms of this word. Здравствуйте ("zdra-stvooy-tye") - Hello (Formal) Привет ("pree-vyet") - Hi (Informal) Здравствуйте may be a little difficult for you to pronounce at first, but it is the most common Russian greeting so you should try to practice it. Привет is also commonly used with friends. However, keep in mind that Привет is informal (much like "hi" in English), and should only be used with friends. If somebody says Привет to you, then it is normally safe to proceed in the friendly tone. Introducing Yourself. In order to introduce yourself, you may need the following phrases. Меня зовут . ("men-ya za-voot") - My name is . Как вас зовут? ("kak vas za-voot") - What is your name? Очень приятно ("och-en pree-yat-na") - Pleased to meet you. Note: The above 3 phrases are gramatically unusual. You should just learn the whole phrase, not the individual words. How are you? The most natural way to ask someone how they are in Russian is to ask: "how are things?" Как дела? - How are things? Хорошо спасибо - Good/Well thank-you Плохо - Bad Saying Good-Bye. There are also two words for saying good-bye. До свидания ("da-svee-da-nee-ye") - Good-bye. (The до is pronounced as if it is part of the next word) Пока ("pa-ka") - Bye (Informal, slang) You should generally use до свидания, which is appropriate in formal or informal situations. You may also hear people say Пока, but we suggest you only use it with friends. Asking about languages When you are asking a yes/no question in Russian, there is no difference between the question and the statement, except for the question mark. When you are speaking Russian you should ask questions in a different tone. The tone of your voice should rise if you are asking a question. If you are making a statement your tone will naturally fall. You may find that you actually do this in English without meaning to. If all else fails, put a real questioning expression on your face. Вы говорите по-английски? - Do you (formal) speak English? Вы говорите по-русски? - Do you (formal) speak Russian? Я говорю по-английски - I speak English Я говорю по-русски - I speak Russian Я понимаю - I understand Я не понимаю - I don't understand You may have noticed that the ending of the verb говорю (speak) changes depending on who the subject is. Don't worry too much about this yet. It will be covered in another lesson very soon. (lesson 5). Video Use this video to help you learn some Russian greetings. Try saying each phrase after you hear it. Then try reading the words with the sounds off. Take me to YouTube. You have now reached the end of your first lesson that involves useful Russian phrases. After some practice you should be comfortable introducing yourself. Vocabulary Summary Exercises Home The New Penguin Russian Course: A Complete Course for Beginners - Probably the best course in a book. Russian-English Bilingual Visual Dictionary - A visual dictionary with lots of illustrated examples. A Comprehensive Russian Grammar - A great reference on Russian grammar. The Big Silver Book of Russian Verbs - A great reference book of conjugated Russian verbs. Russian Learners' Dictionary: 10,000 Russian Words in Frequency Order - A simple but powerful concept. Expand your vocabulary by learning the most used words first. Доброе утро Dobraye ootro Good morning Добрый день Dobriy den' Good afternoon Добрый вечер Dobriy vyecher Good evening Здравствуйте Zdrastvooyte Hello Привет! Preevyet Hi! Рад тебя видеть Rat teebya veedet' Nice to see you! Как поживаешь? Kak pazhivayesh? How are you? Спасибо, прекрасно! Spaseeba preekrasna! Fine, thanks! Неплохо! Neeploha! Not so bad Как Вас зовут? Kak vas zavoot? What's your name? Меня зовут. Meenya zavoot. My name is. Спасибо Spaseeba Thank you Большое спасибо Bal'shoye spaseeba Thank you very much. Не за что Nyezashta That's all right Пожалуйста Pazhalooysta You're welcome Извините Eezveeneete Sorry! Простите Prasteete Excuse me Ничего, ничего, пожалуйста Neechevo, neechevo, pazhaloosta That's all right Ничего страшного Neechevo srashnava No harm К сожалению, мне (нам) пора идти K sazhalyeneeyoo mnye (nam) para eettee I'm sorry I (we) should be going До свидания! Da sveedaneeya Good-bye! Пока! Paka Bye-bye! Увидимся Ooveedeemsya See you Счастливого пути! Schasleevava pootee Have a nice trip! Вы говорите по-английски? Vi gavareetye pa angleeskee? Do you speak English? Я плохо говорю по-русски Ya plokha gavaryoo pa rooskee My Russian is bad Говорите, пожалуйста, медленнее Gavareetye pazhalooysta myedleeney Could you speak more slowly? Я не понимаю Ya nee paneemayoo I don't understand Я понимаю Ya paneemayoo I understand 1000 Most Common Russian Words Ask them in the Russian Questions and Answers — a place for students, teachers and native Russian speakers to discuss Russian grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and other aspects of the Russian language. Copyright 2001-2021 MasterRussian.com Privacy Policy Contact Us Consider the following 75 Russian phrases a survival guide for your time in Russia. Our lists include everything you need to know to greet people, ask for directions, order at a restaurant, shop, and get around. English Phrase Russian Phrase Pronunciation My name is Меня зовут MiNYA zaVUT What’s your name (formal)? Как тебя зовут? Kak tiBYA zaVUT? What’s your name (informal)? Как тебя зовут? Kak tiBYA zaVUT? Pleased to meet you Очень рад / рада (masculine / feminine) Ochen’ rad / radah Excuse me / Sorry? Простите? * PrasTEEtye? Excuse me / Sorry Извините IzviNEEti Thank you Спасибо SpaSEEba You’re welcome Пожалуйста PaZHALsta Please Пожалуйста PaZHALsta That’s fine / okay / great Хорошо HaraSHOH How are you? Как дела (informal) / Как у вас дела? (formal) Kak diLAH / Kak u vas diLAH? (*) Note that Простите? can be used if you didn’t quite catch what has been said. Without a question mark, Простите is used as "excuse me" if you need to leave or are trying to get past someone. The most common way to say hello is Здравствуйте, sometimes pronounced as Здрасте (ZDRAStye). While Здравствуйте is much more formal, the shortened version is used in situations when the speaker wants to be less formal, yet not quite informal. You may also hear Здрасте as part of several Russian idioms that all mean that something has arrived in a surprising and not always welcome way. Stick to Здравствуйте to be on the safe side. English Phrase Russian Phrase Pronunciation Hello Здравствуйте ZDRASTvooytye Good morning Доброе утро DOBraye OOTra Good day / good afternoon Добрый день DObry DYEN’ Good evening Добрый вечер DOBry VYEcher Hi, Hello Привет PreeVYET Hey Здорово (very informal) ZdaROva Goodbye До свидания Da sveeDAnya Good night Доброй ночи DOBray NOchi Good night Спокойной ночи SpaKOYnay NOchi Bye Пока PaKAH See you soon До встречи Da VSTRYEchi See you later / bye Счастливо! ShasLEEva! See you later / bye Удачи! OoDAHchi! Счастливо and Удачи are used interchangeably and literally mean "with happiness" (Счастливо) and "good luck" (Удачи). They are used in the same way as you would use the expression "good luck" in English. English Phrase Russian Phrase Pronunciation May I have the menu? Дайте, пожалуйста, меню DAYtye, paZHALsta, myeNUY Do you have a menu in English? У вас есть меню на английском? U vas YEST’ myeNYU na angLEEskam? What do you recommend? Что вы рекомендуете? CHTO vy rekaminDOOyetye? Can I please have Дайте мне, пожалуйста DAYtye mnye, paZHALsta This is delicious Это очень вкусно EHtah Ochen’ VKUSna The bill, please Счет, пожалуйста Shyot, paZHALsta Coffee, please Кофе, пожалуйста KOfe, paZHALsta Tea, please Чай, пожалуйста CHAI, paZHALsta No, thank you Нет, спасибо NYET, spasEEba Enjoy your meal Приятного аппетита PreeYATnava ahpyeTEEta I will have. Я буду. Ya BUdu English Phrase Russian Phrase Pronunciation Could you please tell me Скажите, пожалуйста SkaZHEEtye, paZHALsta Excuse me, please Извините, пожалуйста / простите, пожалуйста IzviNEEtye, paZHALsta / prasTEEtye, paZHALsta Where is the hotel? Где гостиница? Gdye gasTEEnitsa? Where is the restaurant? Где ресторан? Gdye ristaRAN? Where is the subway? Где метро? Gdye metROH? Where is the taxi stand? Где стоянка такси? Gdye staYANka takSEE? Is it far? Это далеко? EHta daliKOH? It is not far Это недалеко Ehta nidaliKOH Turn left / go left Поверните налево / идите налево PaverNEETye naLYEva / eeDEEtye naLYEva Turn right / go right Поверните направо / идите направо PaverNEETye naPRAva / eeDEEtye naPRAva Around the corner За углом Za ugLOM Keep straight on and don’t turn Идите прямо и никуда не сворачивайте EeDEEtye PRYAma ee nikuDAH ni svaRAchivaytye How do I get to the airport? Как добраться до аэропорта? Kak dabRATsa da aeroPORta? How do I get to the train station? Как доехать до вокзала? Kak daYEhat’ da vakZAla? Stop here Остановите здесь AstanaVEEtye SDYES’ Which bus. Какой автобус. KaKOY avTOboos When does it leave? Когда отходит? Kagda atKHOHdit? Next station / stop Следующая станция / остановка SlyeduSHAya STANciya / astaNOVka Which platform does the train leave from? С какой платформы отходит поезд? S kaKOY platFORmy atKHOdit POyezd? One ticket to / two tickets to Один билет до / два билета до aDEEN biLYET da / DVA biLYEta da English Phrase Russian Phrase Pronunciation Do you have.? У вас есть.? U vas YEST’? How much is it? Сколько это стоит? SKOL’ka EHta STOeet? How much is.? Сколько стоит.? SKOL’ka STOeet.? Can I have., please Дайте, пожалуйста. DAYtye, paZHALsta. May I / May I have a look? Можно? / Можно посмотреть? MOZHna? / MOZHna pasmatRYET’? I’ll take. / I'll take it Я возьму. / я возьму это Ya vaz’MOO. / Ya vaz’MOO EHta Could you wrap it, please? Заверните, пожалуйста ZavyrNEEtye, paZHALsta I’m just looking / browsing Я только смотрю Ya TOL’ka smatRYU Do you have it in a larger size? Есть на размер больше? YEST’ na razMYER BOL’she? Do you have it in a smaller size? Есть на размер меньше? YEST’ na razMYER MYEN’she? I’d like to return this and get a refund Я хочу вернуть покупку и получить деньги обратно Ya haCHU vyerNUT’ paKUPku ee paluCHIT’ DYENgi abRATna Even armed with all these phrases, you may sometimes find yourself not quite understanding what is being said. Use the suggestions below to get yourself out those tricky situations. English Phrase Russian Phrase Pronunciation I don’t understand Я не понимаю Ya ni paniMAyu Could you please say it again? Повторите, пожалуйста PavtaREEtye, paZHALsta I don’t speak Russian very well Я плохо говорю по-русски Ya PLOkha gavaRYU pa RUSky Do you speak English? Вы говорите по-английски? Vy gavaREEtye pa angLYsky? I don’t know Я не знаю Ya ni ZNAyu Help me, please Помогите мне, пожалуйста PamaGHEEtye mnye, paZHALsta Everything is fine Всё нормально VSYO narMAL’na Don’t worry Не волнуйтесь Nye valNUYtis

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Basic words in russian language. Russian Audio: To help you learn Russian this lesson has sound. Click the green icon to listen. (Help) Now that you understand the Russian letters and numbers, we will begin to learn some basic Russian phrases that you will commonly use as part of everyday communication.

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