Administration And Deployment Guide - Oracle
Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide 18c E83996-08 March 2020
Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide, 18c E83996-08 Copyright 1999, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Primary Author: Richard Strohm Contributing Authors: Janet Stern Contributors: Troy Anthony, Lance Ashdown, Ram Avudaiappan, Prasad Bagal, Mark Bauer, Anand Beldalker, Eric Belden, Gajanan Bhat, David Brower, George Claborn, Maria Colgan, Carol Colrain, Jonathan Creighton, Rajesh Dasari, Mark Dilman, Richard Frank, GP Prabhaker Gongloor, Wei Hu, Yong Hu, Dominique Jeunot, Sameer Joshi, Raj K. Kammend, Ankita Khandelwal, Sana Karam, Roland Knapp, Karen Li, Barb Lundhild, Venkat Maddali, Bill Manry, John McHugh, Saar Maoz, Matthew Mckerley, Markus Michalewicz, Anil Nair, Philip Newlan, Michael Nowak, Muthu Olagappan, Bharat Paliwal, Hanlin Qian, Hairong Qin, Mark Ramacher, Sampath Ravindhran, Kevin Reardon, Kathy Rich, Dipak Saggi, Daniel Semler, Ara Shakian, Cathy Shea, Khethavath P. Singh, Kesavan Srinivasan, Leo Tominna, Peter Wahl, Tak Wang, Richard Wessman, Douglas Williams, Mike Zampiceni, Michael Zoll This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing. If this is software or related documentation that is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, then the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs) and Oracle computer documentation or other Oracle data delivered to or accessed by U.S. Government end users are "commercial computer software" or “commercial computer software documentation” pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, reproduction, duplication, release, display, disclosure, modification, preparation of derivative works, and/or adaptation of i) Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs), ii) Oracle computer documentation and/or iii) other Oracle data, is subject to the rights and limitations specified in the license contained in the applicable contract. The terms governing the U.S. Government’s use of Oracle cloud services are defined by the applicable contract for such services. No other rights are granted to the U.S. Government. This software or hardware is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications that may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software or hardware in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure its safe use. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software or hardware in dangerous applications. Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Intel and Intel Inside are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. AMD, Epyc, and the AMD logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. This software or hardware and documentation may provide access to or information about content, products, and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products, and services unless otherwise set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third-party content, products, or services, except as set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle.
Contents Preface Audience xxii Documentation Accessibility xxii Related Documents xxiii Conventions xxiii Changes in This Release for Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide 1 Changes in Oracle Real Application Clusters Release 18c, Version 18.1 xxv Changes in Oracle Real Application Clusters 12c Release 2 (12.2) xxvi Changes in Oracle Real Application Clusters 12c Release 1 (12.1) xxviii Introduction to Oracle RAC 1.1 Overview of Oracle RAC 1-1 1.2 Overview of Installing Oracle RAC 1-3 1.2.1 Understanding Compatibility in Oracle RAC Environments 1-4 1.2.2 Oracle RAC Database Management Styles and Database Installation 1-4 1.2.3 Oracle RAC Database Management Styles and Database Creation 1-5 1.2.4 Overview of Extending an Oracle RAC Cluster 1-7 1.3 Overview of Oracle Real Application Clusters One Node 1-8 1.4 Overview of Oracle Clusterware for Oracle RAC 1-9 1.5 1.4.1 Overview of Oracle Flex Clusters 1-10 1.4.2 Overview of Reader Nodes 1-10 1.4.3 Overview of Local Temporary Tablespaces 1-11 Overview of Oracle RAC Architecture and Processing 1-18 1.5.1 Understanding Cluster-Aware Storage Solutions 1-19 1.5.2 Oracle RAC and Network Connectivity 1-19 1.5.3 Overview of Using Dynamic Database Services to Connect to Oracle Databases 1-20 1.5.4 Overview of Virtual IP Addresses 1-20 1.5.5 Restricted Service Registration in Oracle RAC 1-21 iii
1.5.6 About Oracle RAC Software Components 1-21 1.5.7 About Oracle RAC Background Processes 1-22 1.6 1.7 Overview of Automatic Workload Management with Dynamic Database Services 1-23 Overview of Server Pools and Policy-Managed Databases 1-26 1.7.1 Introduction to Server Pools 1.7.1.1 2 3 1-26 Examples of Using Server Pools 1-27 1.7.2 Deploying Policy-Managed Databases 1-31 1.7.3 Managing Policy-Managed Databases 1-32 1.7.4 Policy-Based Cluster Management 1-33 1.8 Overview of Oracle Database Quality of Service Management 1-34 1.9 Overview of Hang Manager 1-34 1.10 Overview of Oracle Multitenant with Oracle RAC 1-35 1.11 Overview of Database In-Memory and Oracle RAC 1-36 1.12 Overview of Managing Oracle RAC Environments 1-36 1.12.1 About Designing and Deploying Oracle RAC Environments 1-37 1.12.2 About Administrative Tools for Oracle RAC Environments 1-37 1.12.3 About Monitoring Oracle RAC Environments 1-39 1.12.4 About Evaluating Performance in Oracle RAC Environments 1-40 Administering Storage in Oracle RAC 2.1 Overview of Storage Management for Oracle RAC 2-2 2.2 Data File Access in Oracle RAC 2-3 2.3 NFS Server for Storage 2-3 2.4 Redo Log File Storage in Oracle RAC 2-3 2.5 Automatic Undo Management in Oracle RAC 2-4 2.6 Oracle Automatic Storage Management with Oracle RAC 2-5 2.6.1 Storage Management in Oracle RAC 2-5 2.6.2 Modifying Disk Group Configurations for Oracle ASM 2-6 2.6.3 Oracle ASM Disk Group Management 2-6 2.6.4 Configuring Preferred Mirror Read Disks in Extended Distance Clusters 2-7 2.6.5 Converting Nonclustered Oracle ASM to Clustered Oracle ASM 2-7 2.6.6 Administering Oracle ASM Instances with SRVCTL in Oracle RAC 2-7 Administering Database Instances and Cluster Databases 3.1 Overview of Oracle RAC Database Administration 3.1.1 Tools for Administering Oracle RAC 3-1 3-4 3.1.1.1 Administering Oracle RAC with SRVCTL 3-4 3.1.1.2 Administering Oracle RAC with Oracle Enterprise Manager 3-5 3.1.1.3 Administering Oracle RAC with SQL*Plus 3-5 iv
3.2 Starting and Stopping Instances and Oracle RAC Databases 3.2.1 Starting One or More Instances and Oracle RAC Databases Using SRVCTL 3-8 Stopping One or More Instances and Oracle RAC Databases Using SRVCTL 3-10 3.2.3 Stopping All Databases and Instances Using CRSCTL 3-10 3.2.4 Starting and Stopping Individual Instances Using SQL*Plus 3-11 3.2.2 3.3 Starting and Stopping PDBs in Oracle RAC 3-12 3.4 Verifying That Instances are Running 3-13 3.4.1 Using SRVCTL to Verify That Instances are Running 3-14 3.4.2 Using SQL*Plus to Verify That Instances are Running 3-14 3.5 Terminating Sessions On a Specific Cluster Instance 3-15 3.6 Overview of Initialization Parameter Files in Oracle RAC 3-17 3.6.1 Setting SPFILE Parameter Values for Oracle RAC 3-18 3.6.2 Parameter File Search Order in Oracle RAC 3-19 3.6.3 Backing Up the Server Parameter File 3-20 3.7 Initialization Parameter Use in Oracle RAC 3-20 3.7.1 Parameters That Must Have Identical Settings on All Instances 3-23 3.7.2 Parameters That Have Unique Settings on All Instances 3-23 3.7.3 Parameters That Should Have Identical Settings on All Instances 3-24 3.8 3.9 Converting an Administrator-Managed Database to a Policy-Managed Database 3-26 Managing Memory Pressure for Database Servers 3-27 3.10 Quiescing Oracle RAC Databases 3-28 3.11 Administering Multiple Cluster Interconnects on Linux and UNIX Platforms 3-29 3.11.1 Use Cases for Setting the CLUSTER INTERCONNECTS Parameter 3-30 3.12 Customizing How Oracle Clusterware Manages Oracle RAC Databases 3-31 3.13 Advanced Oracle Enterprise Manager Administration 3-33 3.13.1 Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control to Discover Nodes and Instances 3-33 3.13.2 Other Oracle Enterprise Manager Capabilities 3-34 3.13.3 Administering Jobs and Alerts in Oracle RAC 3-34 3.13.3.1 Administering Jobs in Oracle RAC 3-35 3.13.3.2 Administering Alerts in Oracle RAC with Oracle Enterprise Manager 3-35 Using Defined Blackouts in Oracle Enterprise Manager 3-36 3.13.3.3 4 3-7 Administering Oracle RAC One Node 4.1 Creating an Oracle RAC One Node Database 4-1 4.2 Converting Databases 4-2 4.2.1 Converting a Database from Oracle RAC to Oracle RAC One Node 4-3 4.2.2 Converting a Database from Oracle RAC One Node to Oracle RAC 4-4 v
4.3 5 Online Database Relocation 4-4 Workload Management with Dynamic Database Services 5.1 Connection Load Balancing 5.1.1 Server-Side Load Balancing 5-2 5.1.2 Generic Database Clients 5-2 5.1.3 Client-Side Connection Configuration for Older Clients 5-3 5.1.3.1 JDBC-Thin Clients 5-3 5.1.3.2 OCI Clients 5-4 5.1.4 5.2 5.3 Client-Side Load Balancing Load Balancing Advisory 5-4 5-5 5.2.1 Overview of the Load Balancing Advisory 5-5 5.2.2 Configuring Your Environment to Use the Load Balancing Advisory 5-6 5.2.3 Load Balancing Advisory FAN Events 5-6 5.2.4 Monitoring Load Balancing Advisory FAN Events 5-8 Enabling Clients for Oracle RAC 5.3.1 Overview of Oracle Integrated Clients and FAN 5.3.2 Enabling JDBC-Thin Clients for Fast Connection Failover 5-8 5-9 5-10 5.3.2.1 Oracle Notification Service for JDBC-Thin Clients 5-10 5.3.2.2 Configuring FCF for JDBC/OCI and JDBC-Thin Driver Clients 5-10 5.3.3 Enabling JDBC Clients for Run-time Connection Load Balancing 5-12 5.3.4 Configuring JDBC-Thin Clients for Application Continuity for Java 5-12 5.3.5 Configuring JDBC-Thin Clients for Transaction Guard 5-14 5.3.6 Enabling OCI Clients for Fast Connection Failover 5-14 5.3.7 Enabling OCI Clients for Run-time Connection Load Balancing 5-15 5.3.8 Configuring OCI Clients to use Transaction Guard 5-16 5.3.9 Enabling ODP.NET Clients to Receive FAN High Availability Events 5-16 5.3.10 5.3.11 5.4 5-1 Enabling ODP.NET Clients to Receive FAN Load Balancing Advisory Events 5-17 Configuring ODP.NET Clients to use Transaction Guard 5-18 Distributed Transaction Processing in Oracle RAC 5-18 5.4.1 Overview of XA Transactions and Oracle RAC 5-19 5.4.2 Using Global Transactions and XA Affinity for XA Transactions 5-20 5.4.3 Using Services with XA Transactions on Oracle RAC 5-20 5.4.4 Configuring Services for XA Applications 5-21 5.4.5 Relocating Services in Administrator-Managed Databases 5-22 5.5 Oracle RAC Sharding 5-22 5.6 Automatic Workload Repository 5-23 5.7 Measuring Performance by Service Using the Automatic Workload Repository 5-24 5.8 Automatic Workload Repository Service Thresholds and Alerts 5-25 5.8.1 Example of Services and Thresholds Alerts 5-26 vi
5.8.2 5.9 Using Oracle Services 5.10 Service Deployment Options 5.10.1 Service Usage in an Oracle RAC Database 5-26 5-27 5-27 5-28 5.10.1.1 Oracle Clusterware Resources for a Service 5-28 5.10.1.2 Database Resource Manager Consumer Group Mappings for Services 5-28 5.10.1.3 Performance Monitoring by Service with AWR 5-28 5.10.1.4 Parallel Operations and Services 5-28 5.10.1.5 Oracle Streams and Oracle RAC 5-29 5.10.2 Service Characteristics 5-29 5.10.2.1 Service Name 5-30 5.10.2.2 Service Edition 5-30 5.10.2.3 Service Management Policy 5-30 5.10.2.4 Database Role for a Service 5-30 5.10.2.5 Instance Preference 5-31 5.10.2.6 Server Pool Assignment 5-32 5.10.2.7 Load Balancing Advisory Goal for Run-time Connection Load Balancing 5-32 5.10.2.8 Connection Load Balancing Goal 5-33 5.10.2.9 Distributed Transaction Processing 5-33 5.10.3 Default Service Connections 5-33 5.10.4 Restricted Service Registration 5-34 5.11 6 Enable Service, Module, and Action Monitoring Administering Services 5-34 5.11.1 Overview of Service Administration 5-35 5.11.2 Administering Services with Oracle Enterprise Manager 5-37 5.11.3 Administering Services with SRVCTL 5-38 5.11.3.1 Creating Services with SRVCTL 5-38 5.11.3.2 Creating Services for Application Continuity and Transaction Guard 5-38 5.11.3.3 Starting and Stopping Services with SRVCTL 5-40 5.11.3.4 Enabling and Disabling Services with SRVCTL 5-40 5.11.3.5 Relocating Services with SRVCTL 5-41 5.11.3.6 Obtaining the Status of Services with SRVCTL 5-41 5.11.3.7 Obtaining the Configuration of Services with SRVCTL 5-41 5.12 Global Services 5-42 5.13 Service-Oriented Buffer Cache Access 5-43 5.14 Connecting to a Service: An Example 5-43 Ensuring Application Continuity 6.1 Fast Application Notification 6-2 vii
6.1.1 Overview of Fast Application Notification 6-2 6.1.2 Fast Application Notification High Availability Events 6-6 6.1.3 Subscription to High Availability Events 6-10 6.1.4 Using Fast Application Notification Callouts 6-10 6.2 Managing Unplanned Outages 6-11 6.3 Managing Planned Maintenance 6-12 6.3.1 Managing Planned Maintenance Without User Interruption 6-13 6.3.2 Managing a Group of Services for Maintenance 6-15 6.3.2.1 Starting Services 6-16 6.3.2.2 Pluggable Database-Level Operations 6-17 6.3.2.3 Relocating Services 6-17 6.3.2.4 Stopping Services 6-18 6.3.3 6.4 Server Draining Ahead of Planned Maintenance About Application Continuity 6-24 6.4.1 Key Concepts for Application Continuity 6-25 6.4.2 Transparent Application Continuity 6-26 6.4.2.1 6.5 6-19 Transparent Application Continuity for Various Applications Application Continuity Operation and Usage 6-28 6-29 6.5.1 How Application Continuity Works for Applications 6-30 6.5.2 Actions for Using Application Continuity 6-32 6.5.2.1 Configuring Oracle Application Continuity 6-36 6.5.2.2 Configuring Oracle Database for Application Continuity 6-37 6.5.2.3 Establishing the Initial State Before Application Continuity Replays 6-38 6.5.2.4 Delaying the Reconnection in Application Continuity 6-41 6.5.2.5 Using Application Continuity for Planned Maintenance 6-43 6.5.2.6 Running Without Application Continuity 6-44 6.5.2.7 Disabling Replay in Application Continuity 6-44 6.5.2.8 Terminating or Disconnecting a Session Without Replay 6-47 6.5.3 Mutable Functions and Application Continuity 6-47 6.5.4 Administering Mutable Values 6-49 6.5.4.1 Granting and Revoking Keep Permissions for Mutables 6-49 6.5.4.2 Granting Permission to Keep Mutables for Oracle Sequences 6-49 6.5.4.3 Rules for Grants on Mutables 6-50 6.5.5 Protection-Level Statistics 6-50 6.5.6 Session State Consistency 6-51 6.5.6.1 Auto Session State Consistency 6-52 6.5.6.2 Dynamic Session State Consistency 6-52 6.5.6.3 Static Session State Consistency 6-53 6.6 Potential Side Effects of Application Continuity 6-55 6.7 Restrictions and Other Considerations for Application Continuity 6-56 viii
6.8 Transaction Guard for Improving Client Failover 6.8.1 Transaction Guard Configuration Checklist 6-58 6.8.2 Configuring Services for Transaction Guard 6-59 6.9 7 Failing Over OCI Clients with TAF 6-60 Configuring Recovery Manager and Archiving 7.1 Overview of Configuring RMAN for Oracle RAC 7-1 7.2 Archiving Mode in Oracle RAC 7-1 7.3 Configuring the RMAN Snapshot Control File Location 7-2 7.4 Configuring RMAN to Automatically Backup the Control File and SPFILE 7-3 7.5 Crosschecking on Multiple Oracle RAC Nodes 7-3 7.6 Configuring Channels for RMAN in Oracle RAC 7-4 7.6.1 Configuring Channels to Use Automatic Load Balancing 7-4 7.6.2 Configuring Channels to Use a Specific Node 7-4 7.7 Managing Archived Redo Logs Using RMAN in Oracle RAC 7-4 7.8 Archived Redo Log File Conventions in Oracle RAC 7-5 7.9 RMAN Archiving Configuration Scenarios 7-6 7.9.1 Oracle Automatic Storage Management and Cluster File System Archiving Scheme Advantages of the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme 7-7 7.9.1.2 Initialization Parameter Settings for the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme 7-7 Location of Archived Logs for the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme 7-8 7.9.2 Noncluster File System Local Archiving Scheme 7-8 7.9.2.1 Considerations for Using Noncluster File System Local Archiving 7-8 7.9.2.2 Initialization Parameter Settings for Noncluster File System Local Archiving 7-9 Location of Archived Logs for Noncluster File System Local Archiving 7-9 File System Configuration for Noncluster File System Local Archiving 7-10 7.9.2.3 7.9.2.4 7.10 7-6 7.9.1.1 7.9.1.3 8 6-57 Monitoring the Archiver Processes 7-11 Managing Backup and Recovery 8.1 RMAN Backup Scenario for Noncluster File System Backups 8-1 8.2 RMAN Restore Scenarios for Oracle RAC 8-2 8.2.1 Restoring Backups from a Cluster File System 8-2 8.2.2 Restoring Backups from a Noncluster File System 8-3 8.2.3 Using RMAN or Oracle Enterprise Manager to Restore the Server Parameter File (SPFILE) 8-4 ix
8.3 Instance Recovery in Oracle RAC 8.3.1 Single Node Failure in Oracle RAC 8-4 8.3.2 Multiple-Node Failures in Oracle RAC 8-5 8.3.3 Using RMAN to Create Backups in Oracle RAC 8-5 8.3.3.1 10 11 Channel Connections to Cluster Instances with RMAN 8-5 8.3.4 Node Affinity Awareness of Fast Connections 8-6 8.3.5 Deleting Archived Redo Logs after a Successful Backup 8-6 8.3.6 Autolocation for Backup and Restore Commands 8-7 8.4 Media Recovery in Oracle RAC 8-7 8.5 Parallel Recovery in Oracle RAC 8-8 8.5.1 Parallel Recovery with RMAN 8-8 8.5.2 Disabling Parallel Recovery 8-8 8.6 9 8-4 8.5.2.1 Disabling Instance and Crash Recovery Parallelism 8-9 8.5.2.2 Disabling Media Recovery Parallelism 8-9 Using a Fast Recovery Area in Oracle RAC 8-9 Cloning Oracle RAC to Nodes in a New Cluster 9.1 Introduction to Cloning Oracle RAC 9-1 9.2 Preparing to Clone Oracle RAC 9-2 9.3 Deploying Oracle RAC Clone to Nodes in a Cluster 9-3 9.4 Locating and Viewing Log Files Generated During Cloning 9-7 Using Cloning to Extend Oracle RAC to Nodes in the Same Cluster 10.1 About Adding Nodes Using Cloning in Oracle RAC Environments 10-1 10.2 Cloning Local Oracle Homes on Linux and UNIX Systems 10-1 10.3 Cloning Shared Oracle Homes on Linux and UNIX Systems 10-3 10.4 Cloning Oracle Homes on Windows Systems 10-4 Adding and Deleting Oracle RAC from Nodes on Linux and UNIX Systems 11.1 Adding Oracle RAC to Nodes with Oracle Clusterware Installed 11.1.1 11.1.2 11-1 Adding Policy-Managed Oracle RAC Database Instances to Target Nodes 11-3 Adding Administrator-Managed Oracle RAC Database Instances to Target Nodes 11-4 11.1.2.1 11.1.2.2 Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Add Database Instances to Target Nodes 11-5 Using DBCA in Silent Mode to Add Database Instances to Target Nodes 11-6 x
11.2 Deleting Oracle RAC from a Cluster Node 11.2.1 12 Deleting Instances from Oracle RAC Databases 11-7 11.2.1.1 Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Delete Instances from Nodes 11-8 11.2.1.2 Using DBCA in Silent Mode to Delete Instances from Nodes 11-9 11.2.2 Removing Oracle RAC 11.2.3 Deleting Nodes from the Cluster 11-9 11-10 Adding and Deleting Oracle RAC from Nodes on Windows Systems 12.1 Adding Oracle RAC to Nodes with Oracle Clusterware Installed 12.1.1 Adding Administrator-Managed Oracle RAC Database Instances to Target Nodes 12.1.1.1 12.1.1.2 12.2 12-2 12-4 Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Add Database Instances to Target Nodes 12-4 Using DBCA in Silent Mode to Add Database Instances to Target Nodes 12-6 Deleting Oracle RAC from a Cluster Node 12.2.1 13 11-6 Deleting Instances from Oracle RAC Databases 12-6 12-7 12.2.1.1 Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Delete Instances from Nodes 12-8 12.2.1.2 Using DBCA in Silent Mode to Delete Instances from Nodes 12-9 12.2.2 Removing Oracle RAC 12.2.3 Deleting Nodes from the Cluster 12-9 12-10 Design and Deployment Techniques 13.1 Deploying Oracle RAC for High Availability 13-1 13.1.1 About Designing a High Availability System 13-1 13.1.2 Best Practices for Deploying Oracle RAC in a High Availability Environment 13-2 Consolidating Multiple Applications in a Database or Multiple Databases in a Cluster 13-4 13.1.3 13.1.3.1 Managing Capacity During Consolidation 13-4 13.1.3.2 Managing the Global Cache Service Processes During Consolidation 13-4 Using a Database Cloud for Consolidation 13-5 13.1.3.3 13.1.4 Scalability of Oracle RAC 13-5 13.2 General Design Considerations for Oracle RAC 13-6 13.3 General Database Deployment Topics for Oracle RAC 13-7 13.3.1 Tablespace Use in Oracle RAC 13-7 13.3.2 Object Creation and Performance in Oracle RAC 13-7 13.3.3 Node Addition and Deletion and the SYSAUX Tablespace in Oracle RAC 13-7 Distributed Transactions and Oracle RAC 13-8 13.3.4 xi
13.3.5 Deploying OLTP Applications in Oracle RAC 13-8 13.3.6 Flexible Implementation with Cache Fusion 13-8 13.3.7 Deploying Data Warehouse Applications with Oracle RAC 13-9 13.3.7.1 Speed-Up for Data Warehouse Applications on Oracle RAC 13-9 13.3.7.2 Parallel Execution in Data Warehouse Systems and Oracle RAC 13-9 13.3.8 14 Data Security Considerations in Oracle RAC 13-9 13.3.8.1 Transparent Data Encryption and Keystores 13-10 13.3.8.2 Windows Firewall Considerations 13-11 13.3.8.3 Securely Run ONS Clients Using Wallets 13-11 Monitoring Performance 14.1 Overview of Monitoring and Tuning Oracle RAC Databases 14.1.1 Monitoring Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware 14-1 14-1 14.1.1.1 The Cluster Database Home Page 14-2 14.1.1.2 The Interconnects Page 14-3 14.1.1.3 The Cluster Database Performance Page 14-3 14.1.2 Tuning Oracle RAC Databases 14-4 14.2 Verifying the Interconnect Settings for Oracle RAC 14-5 14.3 Influencing Interconnect Processing 14-5 14.4 Performance Views in Oracle RAC 14-6 14.5 Creating Oracle RAC Data Dictionary Views with CATCLUST.SQL 14-7 14.6 Oracle RAC Performance Statistics 14-7 14.7 Automatic Workload Repository in Oracle RAC Environments 14-7 14.8 Active Session History Reports for Oracle RAC 14-8 14.8.1 Overview of ASH Reports for Oracle RAC 14-8 14.8.2 ASH Report for Oracle RAC: Top Cluster Events 14-8 14.8.3 ASH Report for Oracle RAC: Top Remote Instance 14-8 14.9 Monitoring Oracle RAC Statistics and Wait Events 14-9 14.9.1 Oracle RAC Statistics and Events in AWR and Statspack Reports 14-9 14.9.2 Oracle RAC Wait Events 14-9 14.9.3 Monitoring Performance by Analyzing GCS and GES Statistics 14-10 14.9.3.1 Analyzing the Effect of Cache Fusion in Oracle RAC 14-10 14.9.3.2 Analyzing Performance Using GCS and GES Statistics 14-10 14.9.4 Analyzing Cache Fusion Transfer Impact Using GCS Statistics 14-11 14.9.5 Analyzing Response Times Based on Wait Events 14-12 14.9.5.1 Block-Related Wait Events 14-12 14.9.5.2 Message-Related Wait Events 14-13 14.9.5.3 Contention-Related Wait Events 14-13 14.9.5.4 Load-Related Wait Events 14-14 xii
15 Converting Single-Instance Oracle Databases to Oracle RAC and Oracle RAC One Node 15.1 Administrative Issues for Converting Databases to Oracle RAC 15-1 15.2 Converting to Oracle RAC and Oracle RAC One Node Using DBCA 15-2 15.2.1 Converting Oracle Database Installations to Oracle RAC Using DBCA 15.2.1.1 Use DBCA to Create an Image of the Single-Instance Database 15-3 15.2.1.2 Complete the Oracle Clusterware Installation 15-4 15.2.1.3 Validate the Cluster 15-4 15.2.1.4 Copy the Preconfigured Database Image 15-4 15.2.1.5 Install Oracle Database 12c Software with Oracle RAC 15-4 Converting Single Instance on a Cluster to Oracle RAC One Node Using DBCA 15-5 Converting Single Instance on a Cluster to Oracle RAC Using DBCA 15-5 15.2.2 15.2.3 15.2.3.1 15.2.3.2 15.3 Single-Instance Database on a Cluster Running from an Oracle RAC-Enabled Home 15-5 Single-Instance Database on a Cluster Running from an Oracle RAC-Disabled Home 15-8 Preparing to Convert with rconfig and Oracle Enterprise Manager 15-9 15.3.1 Prerequisites for Converting to Oracle RAC Databases 15.3.2 Configuration Changes During Oracle RAC Conversion Using rconfig 15-10 15.3.3 Converting Databases to Oracle RAC Using rconfig or Oracle Enterprise Manager 15-10 Converting Databases to Oracle RAC Using Oracle Enterprise Manager 15-11 15.3.4 A 15-3 15-9 15.4 Converting Databases to Oracle RAC Using rconfig 15-12 15.5 Example of rconfig XML Input Files for ConvertToRAC 15-13 15.6 Postconversion Steps 15-16 Server Control Utility Reference A.1 SRVCTL Usage Information A-1 A.2 Specifying Command Parameters as Keywords Instead of Single Letters A-3 A.3 Character Set and Case Sensitivity of SRVCTL Object Values A-3 A.4 Summary of Tasks for Which SRVCTL Is Used A-4 A.5 Using SRVCTL Help A-6 A.6 SRVCTL Privileges and Security A-7 A.7 Additional SRVCTL Topics A-7 A.8 Deprecated SRVCTL Subprograms or Commands A-8 A.9 A.8.1 Single Character Parameters for all SRVCTL Commands A.8.2 Miscellaneous SRVCTL Commands and Parameters SRVCTL Command Reference A.9.1 srvctl add database A-8 A-15 A-16 A-18 xiii
A.9.2 srvctl config database A-21 A.9.3 srvctl convert database A-22 A.9.4 srvctl disable database A-23 A.9.5 srvctl downgrade database A-24 A.9.6 srvctl enable database A-24 A.9.7 srvctl getenv database A-25 A.9.8 srvctl modify database A-25 A.9.9 srvctl predict database A-29 A.9.10 srvctl relocate database A-29 A.9.11 srvctl remove database A-30 A.9.12 srvctl setenv database A-31 A.9.13 srvctl start database A-32 A.9.14 srvctl status database A-33 A.9.15 srvctl stop database A-34 A.9.16 srvctl unsetenv database A-35 A.9.17 srvctl update database A-36 A.9.18 srvctl upgrade database A-36 A.9.19 srvctl disable diskgroup A-37 A.9.20 srvctl enable diskgroup A-37 A.9.21 srvctl predict diskgroup A-38 A.9.22 srvctl remove diskgroup A-38 A.9.23 srvctl start diskgroup A-39 A.9.24 srvctl status diskgroup A-39 A.9.25 srvctl stop diskgroup A-40 A.9.26 srvctl start home A-40 A.9.27 srvctl status home A-41 A.9.28 srvctl stop home A-42 A.9.29 srvctl add instance A-43 A.9.30 srvctl disable instance A-44 A.9.31 srvctl enable instance A-44 A.9.32 srvctl modify instance A-45 A.9.33 srvctl remove instance A-46 A.9.34 srvctl start instance A-47 A.9.35 srvctl status instance A-48 A.9.36 srvctl stop instance A-48 A.9.37 srvctl update instance A-49 A.9.38 srvctl add listener A-50 A.9.39 srvctl config listener A-53 A.9.40 srvctl disable listener A-54 A.9.41 srvctl enable listener A-54 A.9.42 srvctl getenv listener A-55 xiv
A.9.43 srvctl modify listener A-55 A.9.44 srvctl predict listener A-57 A.9.45 srvctl remove listener A-57 A.9.46 srvctl setenv listener A-57 A.9.47 srvctl start listener A-58 A.9.48 srvctl status listener A-59 A.9.49 srvctl stop listener A-59 A.9.50 srvctl unsetenv listener A-60 A.9.51 srvctl update listener A-61 A.9.52 srvctl add network A-61 A.9.53 srvctl config network A-62 A.9.54 srvctl modify network A-62 A.9.55 srvctl predict network A-64 A.9.56 srvctl remove network A-65 A.9.57 srvctl add nodeapps A-65 A.9.58 srvctl config nodeapps A-67 A.9.59 srvctl disable nodeapps A-67 A.9.60 srvctl enable nodeapps A-68 A.9.61 srvctl getenv nodeapps A-68 A.9.62 srvctl modify nodeapps A-69 A.9.63 srvctl remove nodeapps A-71 A.9.64 srvctl setenv nodeapps A-71 A.9.65 srvctl start nodeapps A-72 A.9.66 srvctl status nodeapps A-73 A.9.67 srvctl stop nodeapps A-73 A.9.68 srvctl unsetenv nodeapps A-74 A.9.69 srvctl add ons A-75 A.9.70 srvctl config ons A-76 A.9.71 srvctl disable ons A-76 A.9.72 srvctl enable ons A-76 A.9.73 srvctl modify ons A-76 A.9.74 srvctl remove ons A-77 A.9.75 srvctl start ons A-77 A.9.76 srvctl status ons A-78 A.9.77 srvctl stop ons A-78 A.9.78 srvctl add scan A-78 A.9.79 srvctl config scan A-79 A.9.80 srvctl disable scan A-80 A.9.81 srvctl enable scan A-80 A.9.82 srvctl modify scan A-81 A.9.83 srvctl predict scan A-81 xv
A.9.84 srvctl relocate scan A-82 A.9.85 srvctl remove scan A-82 A.9.86 srvctl start scan A-83 A.9.87 srvctl status scan A-84 A.9.88 srvctl stop scan A-84 A.9.89 srvctl add scan listener A-85 A.9.90 srvctl config scan listener A-86 A.9.91 srvctl disable scan listener A-86 A.9.92 srvctl enable scan listener A-87 A.9.93 srvctl modify scan listener A-87 A.9.94 srvctl predict scan listener A-88 A.9.95 srvctl relocate scan listener A-89 A.9.96 srvctl remove scan listener A-89 A.9.97 srvctl start scan listener A-90 A.9.98 srvctl status scan listener A-90 A.9.99 srvctl stop scan listener A-91 A.9.100 srvctl update scan listener A-91 A.9.101 srvctl reloca
1.12 Overview of Managing Oracle RAC Environments 1-36 1.12.1 About Designing and Deploying Oracle RAC Environments 1-37 1.12.2 About Administrative Tools for Oracle RAC Environments 1-37 1.12.3 About Monitoring Oracle RAC Environments 1-39 1.12.4 About Evaluating Performance in Oracle RAC Environments 1-40 2 Administering Storage in Oracle RAC
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