Data Interchange On 130 Mm Magneto-Optical Disk Cartridges - ECMAScript
S tandard ECMA-322 June 2001 Standardizing Information and Communication Systems Data Interchange on 130 mm Magneto-Optical Disk Cartridges Capacity: 9,1 Gbytes per Cartridge Phone: 41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: 41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http://www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdesk@ecma.ch
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S tandard ECMA-322 June 2001 Standardizing Information and Communication Systems Data Interchange on 130 mm Magneto-Optical Disk Cartridges Capacity: 9,1 Gbytes per Cartridge Phone: 41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: 41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http://www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdesk@ecma.ch MBO ECMA-322 19-07-01 11,48
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Brief History ECMA Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC toward the development of International Standards for 80 mm, 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 300 mm, and 356 mm media. Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by ECMA, almost all of which have also been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International Standards. ECMA has published the following 130 mm ECMA Standards for ODCs: ECMA-153 (1991) (ISO/IEC 11560) Information Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges of the Write Once, Read Multiple (WORM) Type, using the Magneto-Optical Effect ECMA-183 (1992) (ISO/IEC 13481) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 1 Gbyte ECMA-184 (1992) (ISO/IEC 13549) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 1,3 Gbytes ECMA-195 (1995) (ISO/IEC 13842) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 2 Gbytes ECMA-238 (1996) (ISO/IEC15486) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges of Type WORM (Write Once Read Many) Using Irreversible Effects – Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per Cartridge ECMA-280 (1998) (ISO/IEC 18093) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges of Type WORM (Write Once Read Many) Using Irreversible Effects – Capacity: 5,2 Gbytes per Cartridge This present ECMA standard specifies two types of double-sided ODCs; Rewritable and Write Once (WO), both based on the Magneto-Optical (MO) effect. This Standard has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly of June 2001.
- i - Table of contents Section 1 - General 1 1 Scope 1 Conformance O p tic a l D is k Ca r tr id g e ( O D C) G e n e r a tin g s ys te m Receiving system Co mp atib ility stateme n t 1 1 1 1 1 Reference 2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 Definitions a s ymme tr y band case c la mp in g z o n e c o n tr o l tr a c k Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) d e f e c t ma n a g e me n t disk reference plane e mu la tio n entrance surface E r r o r Co r r e c tio n Co d e ( E CC) f o r ma t hub in te r le a v in g K e r r r o ta tio n la n d a n d g r o o v e lo g ic a l tr a c k ma r k ma r k e d g e ma r k e d g e r e c o r d in g o p tic a l d is k o p tic a l d is k c a r tr id g e ( O D C) p h ys ic a l tr a c k p o la r iz a tio n p r e - r e c o r d e d ma r k read power r e c o r d in g la ye r r e c o r d in g tr a c k Re e d - S o lo mo n c o d e space s p in d le s u b s tr a te tr a c k p itc h w r ite - in h ib it h o le write-once functionality zone 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5.1 5.2 Conventions and notations Re p r e s e n ta tio n o f n u mb e r s N a me s 4 4 4 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 4 5
- ii - 6 Lis t o f a c r o n y m s 4 7 General description of the optical disk cartridge 5 8 General requirements 8 . 1 E n v ir o n me n ts 8.1.1 T e s t e n v ir o n me n t 8.1.2 O p e r a tin g e n v ir o n me n t 8.1.3 S to r a g e e n v ir o n me n t 8.1.4 T r a n s p o r ta tio n 8 . 2 T e mp e r a tu r e s h o c k 8 . 3 S a f e ty r e q u ir e me n ts 8 . 4 Flamma b ility 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Reference Drive O p tic a l s ys te m Optical beam Re a d c h a n n e ls T r a c k in g Ro ta tio n o f th e d is k Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 9 10 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 10.1 G e n e r a l d e s c r ip tio n o f th e c a s e 10.2 Re la tio n s h ip o f S id e s A a n d B 10.3 Reference axes and case reference planes 10.4 Ca s e d r a w in g s 10.5 D ime n s io n s o f th e c a s e 10.5.1 O v e r a ll d ime n s io n s 10.5.2 L o c a tio n h o le 10.5.3 A lig n me n t h o le 10.5.4 Surfaces on Reference Planes P 10.5.5 I n s e r tio n s lo ts a n d d e te n t f e a tu r e s 10.5.6 G r ip p e r s lo ts 10.5.7 W r ite - in h ib it h o le s 10.5.8 Me d ia s e n s o r h o le s 10.5.9 H e a d a n d mo to r w in d o w 1 0 . 5 . 1 0 S h u tte r 1 0 . 5 . 1 1 S lo t f o r s h u tte r o p e n e r 1 0 . 5 . 1 2 S h u tte r s e n s o r n o tc h 10.5.13 User label areas 10.6 Mechanical characteristics 10.6.1 Ma te r ia ls 10.6.2 Ma s s 10.6.3 E d g e d is to r tio n 10.6.4 Co mp lia n c e 10.6.5 S h u tte r o p e n in g f o r c e 10.7 D r o p te s t 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 11 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 11.1 G e n e r a l d e s c r ip tio n o f th e d is k 11.2 Re f e r e n c e a x is a n d p la n e o f th e d is k 11.3 D ime n s io n s o f th e d is k 11.3.1 H u b d ime n s io n 16 16 17 17 17
- iii - 11.4 Mechanical characteristics 11.4.1 Ma te r ia l 11.4.2 Ma s s 11.4.3 Mo me n t o f in e r tia 11.4.4 I mb a la n c e 11.4.5 A x ia l d e f le c tio n 11.4.6 Axial acceleration 11.4.7 Ra d ia l r u n o u t 11.4.8 Radial acceleration 11.4.9 Tilt 11.5 O p tic a l c h a r a c te r is tic s 11.5.1 I n d e x o f r e f r a c tio n 11.5.2 T h ic k n e s s 11.5.3 Bir e f r in g e n c e 11.5.4 V e r tic a l Bir e f r in g e n c e 11.5.5 Reflectance 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 12 Interface between cartridge and drive 12.1 Cla mp in g me th o d 12.2 Cla mp in g f o r c e 12.3 Ca p tu r e c ylin d e r 12.4 D is k p o s itio n in th e o p e r a tin g c o n d itio n 20 20 21 21 21 Section 3 - Format of information 36 13 Tr a c k a n d H e a d e r g e o m e t r y 13.1 Track and Header shape 13.2 D ir e c tio n o f tr a c k s p ir a l 13.3 T r a c k p itc h 13.4 L o g ic a l tr a c k n u mb e r 36 36 37 37 37 14 Tr a c k f o r m a t 14.1 P h ys ic a l tr a c k la yo u t 14.2 L o g ic a l tr a c k la yo u t 14.3 Ra d ia l a lig n me n t 14.4 S e c to r n u mb e r 37 37 39 40 40 15 Sector format 15.1 S e c to r la yo u t 15.2 S e c to r Ma r k 15.3 V F O f ie ld s 15.4 A d d r e s s Ma r k ( A M) 15.5 I D f ie ld s 15.6 P o s ta mb le ( P A 1 ) 15.7 T r a n s itio n A r e a ( T A 1 ) 15.8 Gap 15.9 A u to L a s e r P o w e r Co n tr o l ( A L P C) 1 5 . 1 0 S yn c 1 5 . 1 1 D a ta f ie ld 1 5 . 1 1 . 1 U s e r d a ta b yte s 1 5 . 1 1 . 2 C R C a n d E C C b yt e s 15.11.3 Bytes for Sector Written Flag (SWF) 1 5 . 1 1 . 4 Re s yn c b yte s 1 5 . 1 2 P o s ta mb le f ie ld ( P A 2 ) 1 5 . 1 3 Bu f f e r f ie ld 40 40 41 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 45 45 45 45
- iv - 15.14 16 T r a n s itio n A r e a ( T A 2 ) Recording code 45 45 17 F o r m a t t e d Zo n e 17.1 G e n e r a l d e s c r ip tio n o f th e F o r ma tte d Z o n e 17.2 D iv is io n o f th e F o r ma tte d Z o n e 17.2.1 L e a d - in Z o n e 17.2.2 Ma n u f a c tu r e r Z o n e s 17.2.3 User Zone 17.2.4 Re f le c tiv e Z o n e 17.2.5 Co n tr o l T r a c k Z o n e s 17.3 Co n tr o l T r a c k P E P Z o n e 17.3.1 Re c o r d in g in th e P E P Z o n e 17.3.2 F o r ma t o f th e tr a c k s o f th e P E P Z o n e 17.4 Control Track SFP Zones 17.4.1 D u p lic a te o f th e P E P in f o r ma tio n 17.4.2 Me d ia in f o r ma tio n 17.4.3 S ys te m I n f o r ma tio n 46 46 46 48 48 49 49 49 49 50 50 54 54 54 56 18 La y o u t o f t h e U s e r Zo n e 18.1 G e n e r a l d e s c r ip tio n o f th e U s e r Z o n e 18.2 D iv is io n s o f th e U s e r Z o n e 18.3 User Area 18.4 D e f e c t M a n a g e me n t A r e a s ( D M A s ) 18.5 D is k D e f in itio n S tr u c tu r e ( D D S ) 18.6 Re w r ita b le Z o n e 18.6.1 L o c a tio n 18.6.2 P a r t i t i o n in g 18.7 W r ite O n c e Z o n e 18.7.1 L o c a tio n 18.7.2 P a r t i t i o n in g 57 57 57 58 64 65 67 68 68 68 68 68 19 D e f e c t M a n a g e m e n t in t h e R e wr it a b le a n d W r it e O n c e Zo n e s 19.1 Initialization of the disk 19.2 Ce r tif ic a tio n 19.2.1 S lip p in g A lg o r ith m 19.2.2 L i n e a r R e p l a c e me n t A l g o r i t h m 19.3 D is k s n o t c e r tif ie d 19.4 W r ite p r o c e d u r e 19.5 P r ima r y D e f e c t L is t ( P D L ) 19.6 S e c o n d a r y D e f e c t L is t ( S D L ) 68 68 68 68 69 69 69 69 70 S e c t io n 4 - C h a r a c t e r is t ic s o f e m b o s s e d in f o r m a t io n 71 20 M e t h o d o f t e s t in g 20.1 E n v ir o n me n t 20.2 Use of the Reference Drive 20.2.1 O p tic s a n d me c h a n ic s 20.2.2 Re a d p o w e r 20.2.3 Re a d c h a n n e ls 20.2.4 T r a c k in g 20.3 D e f in itio n o f s ig n a ls 71 71 71 71 71 72 72 72
- v - 21 S ig n a l f r o m g r o o v e s 21.1 Ra tio o f G r o o v e to L a n d 21.2 P u s h - p u ll s ig n a l 21.3 D iv id e d p u s h - p u ll s ig n a l 21.4 T r a c k lo c a tio n 73 73 74 74 74 22 S ig n a ls f r o m H e a d e r s 22.1 S e c to r Ma r k S ig n a ls 22.2 V F O s ig n a ls 22.3 A d d r e s s Ma r k , I D a n d P A s ig n a ls 22.4 T i min g j i t t e r 22.5 A s ymme tr y 74 74 75 75 75 75 23 75 S ig n a ls f r o m C o n t r o l Tr a c k P EP m a r k s Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 76 24 M e t h o d o f t e s t in g 24.1 E n v ir o n me n t 24.2 Re f e r e n c e D r iv e 24.2.1 O p tic s a n d me c h a n ic s 24.2.2 Re a d p o w e r 24.2.3 Re a d Ch a n n e l 24.2.4 T r a c k in g 24.2.5 S ig n a l d e te c tio n f o r te s tin g p u r p o s e s 24.3 W r ite c o n d itio n s 24.3.1 W r ite p u ls e a n d p o w e r 24.3.2 W r ite ma g n e tic f ie ld 24.3.3 P u ls e p o w e r d e te r min a tio n 24.3.4 M e d ia p o w e r s e n s i t i v i t y 24.4 E r a s e c o n d itio n s 24.4.1 Erase power 24.4.2 E r a s e ma g n e tic f ie ld 24.5 D e f in itio n o f s ig n a ls 76 76 76 76 76 76 77 77 77 77 77 77 78 78 78 78 78 25 M a g n e t o - o p t ic a l c h a r a c t e r is t ic s 25.1 F ig u r e o f me r it f o r ma g n e to - o p tic a l s ig n a l 25.2 I mb a la n c e o f ma g n e to - o p tic a l s ig n a l 79 79 79 26 W r it e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s 26.1 Re s o lu tio n 26.2 N a r r o w - b a n d s ig n a l- to - n o is e r a tio 26.3 Cross-talk ratio 26.3.1 Re w r ita b le tr a c k te s t me th o d 26.4 T i min g J i t t e r 26.5 Me d ia th e r ma l in te r a c tio n 79 79 79 80 80 81 81 27 Erase power determination 81 Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 81 28 M e t h o d o f t e s t in g 28.1 E n v ir o n me n t 81 82
- vi - 28.2 Re f e r e n c e D r iv e 28.2.1 O p tic s a n d me c h a n ic s 28.2.2 Re a d p o w e r 28.2.3 Re a d Ch a n n e l 28.2.4 Mark Quality 28.2.5 Ch a n n e l b it c lo c k 28.2.6 Bin a r y- to - d ig ita l c o n v e r te r s 28.2.7 E r r o r c o r r e c tio n 28.2.8 T r a c k in g 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 29 M in im u m q u a lit y o f a s e c t o r 29.1 Headers 29.1.1 S e c to r Ma r k 29.1.2 I D f ie ld s 29.2 User-written data 29.2.1 Re c o r d in g f ie ld 29.2.2 Byte e r r o r s 29.2.3 A s ymme tr y 29.2.4 T i min g j i t t e r 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 30 Data interchange requirements 30.1 T r a c k in g 30.2 User-written data 30.3 Q u a l i t y o f d is k 83 83 83 83 A n n e x A - A ir c le a n lin e s s c la s s 1 0 0 0 0 0 85 Annex B - Edge distortion test 87 Annex C - Compliance test 89 Annex D - Test method for measuring the adsorbent force of the hub 91 A n n e x E - C R C f o r I D f ie ld s 93 A n n e x F - I n t e r le a v e , C R C , E C C , R e s y n c f o r t h e d a t a f ie ld 95 Annex G - Determination of Resync pattern 103 Annex H - Read Channel for measuring jitter 109 Annex J - Timing jitter measuring procedure 111 Annex K - Definition of write pulse shape 113 Annex L - Measurement of figure of merit 115 Annex M - Implementation Independent Mark Quality Determination (IIMQD) for the interchange of recorded media 117 Annex N - Requirements for interchange 119 A n n e x P - M e a s u r e m e n t im p le m e n t a t io n f o r C r o s s - t r a c k s ig n a l 121 A n n e x Q - A s y m m e t r y m e a s u r in g d e f in it io n 123 Annex R - Office environment 125 Annex S - Derivation of the operating climatic environment 127
- vii - A n n e x T - Tr a n s p o r t a t io n 133 Annex U - Sector retirement guidelines 135 A n n e x V - Tr a c k d e v ia t io n m e a s u r e m e n t 137 Annex W - Values to be implemented in existing and future standards 141 Annex X - Measurement of the vertical birefringence of the substrate 143 Annex Y - Guidelines for the use of Type WO ODCs 145 Annex Z - Laser power calibration for evaluation of media power sensitivity 147 A n n e x A A - 5 1 2 - b y t e , 1 0 2 4 - b y t e S e c t o r Em u la t io n 151
Section 1 - General 1 Scope This ECMA Standard specifies the mechanical, physical, and optical characteristics of a 130 mm optical disk cartridge (ODC) that employs thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects to enable data interchange between such disks. This ECMA Standard specifies two Types, viz. Type R/W provides for data to be written, read and erased many time over the recording surface(s) of the disk. Type WO provides for data once written to be read a multiplicity of times. Data shall not be erased nor amended. Multisession (incremental write operations) recording may be performed on type WO disks. The disk shall be of the same Type if recorded on both sides, A and B. Each side shall have a nominal capacity of 4,58 Gbytes, irrespective of the Type. The format specifies two sector sizes and allows for emulation of two further sizes. This ECMA Standard specifies the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive; the environments in which the cartridges are to be operated and stored; the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the cartridge so as to provide mechanical interchangeability between data processing systems; the format of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correction codes, the modulation methods used; the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; the thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to write data onto the disk; the minimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk. This ECMA Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems. 2 2.1 Conformance Optical Disk Cartridge (ODC) An ODC shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified therein. A claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall specify the Type implemented. 2.2 Generating system A claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall specify which of Type(s) of R/W and WO is (are) supported. A system generating an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements of this ECMA Standard for the Type(s) supported. 2.3 Receiving system A claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall specify which Type is implemented. A system receiving an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to process any recording made on the cartridge according to 2.1 on the Type(s) specified. 2.4 Compatibility statement A claim of conformance with this ECMA Standard shall include a statement listing any other Optical Disk Cartridge Standard supported by the system for which conformance is claimed. This statement shall specify the number of the Standard(s), including, where appropriate, the ODC Type(s), or the Types of side, and whether support includes reading only or both reading and writing.
- 2 - 3 Reference ECMA-287:1999 4 Safety of electronic equipment Definitions For the purpose of this ECMA Standard, the following definitions apply. 4.1 asymmetry The deviation between the centre levels of the signals which give maximum and minimum amplitude. 4.2 band An annular area within the user zone on the disk having a constant clock frequency. 4.3 case The housing for an optical disk that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange. 4.4 clamping zone The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device. 4.5 control track A track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing, reading and erasing the remaining tracks on the optical disk. 4.6 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) A method for detecting errors in data. 4.7 defect management A method for handling the defective areas on the disk. 4.8 disk reference plane A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.9 emulation Technique whereby a number of lesser size logical sectors may be recorded into a single larger size physical sector. 4.10 entrance surface The surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges. 4.11 Error Correction Code (ECC) An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data. 4.12 format The arrangement or layout of information on the disk. 4.13 hub The central feature on the disk, which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centering and the clamping force. 4.14 interleaving The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to burst errors. 4.15 Kerr rotation The rotation of the plane of polarization of an optical beam upon reflection from the recording layer as caused by the magneto-optical Kerr effect. 4.16 land and groove A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a track. Recording is performed on both land and groove.
- 3 - 4.17 logical track A number of logical sectors that are grouped together and defined to constitute a uniquely addressable track to the recording system. The first sector of each logical track is assigned sector number 0. 4.18 mark A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a magnetic domain, a pit, or any other type or form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks represents the data on the disk. NOTE Subdivisions of a sector which are named "mark" are not marks in the sense of this definition. 4.19 mark edge The transition between a region with a mark and one without a mark or vice versa, along the track. 4.20 mark edge recording A recording method which uses a mark edge to represent a Channel bit. 4.21 optical disk A disk that will accept and retain information in the form of marks in a recording layer, that can be read with an optical beam. 4.22 optical disk cartridge (ODC) A device consisting of a case containing an optical disk. 4.23 physical track The path which is followed by the focus of the optical beam during one revolution of the disk. This path is not directly addressable. 4.24 polarization The direction of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam. NOTE The plane of polarization is the plane containing the electric vector and the direction of propagation of the beam. The polarization is right-handed when to an observer looking in the direction of propagation of the beam, the endpoint of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse in the clockwise sense. 4.25 pre-recorded mark A mark so formed as to be unalterable by magneto-optical means. 4.26 read power The read power is the optical power, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, used when reading. 4.27 recording layer A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture and/or use. 4.28 recording track Either a land or groove feature of the disk where recording may be performed. 4.29 Reed-Solomon code An error detection and/or correction code which is particularly suited to the correction of errors which occur in bursts or are strongly correlated. 4.30 space The area between marks along the track. 4.31 spindle The part of the disk drive which contacts the disk and/or hub. 4.32 substrate A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, through which the optical beam accesses the recording layer.
- 4 - 4.33 track pitch The distance between land track centrelines to adjacent groove track centerlines, measured in a radial direction. 4.34 write-inhibit hole A hole in the case which, when detected by the drive to be open, inhibits both write and erase operations. 4.35 write-once functionality A technique whereby a rewritable MO ODC is restricted to initialization and writing once only. 4.36 zone An annular area of the disk. 5 5.1 Conventions and notations Representation of numbers A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. It implies that a specified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of 0,01, and a negative tolerance of -0,02 allows a range of measured values from 1,235 to 1,275. Letters and digits in parentheses represent numbers in hexadecimal notation. The setting of a bit is denoted by ZERO or ONE. Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are represented by strings of the digits 0 and 1. Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left. Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given in TWO's complement. In each field the data is recorded so that the most significant byte (byte 0) is recorded first. Within each byte the least significant bit is numbered 0 and is recorded last, the most significant bit (numbered 7 in an 8-bit byte) is recorded first. This order of recording applies also to the data input of the Error Detection and Correction circuits and their output. Unless otherwise stated, groups of decimal digits of the form xx . x/yy . y indicate that the value xx . x applies to 4 096-byte sectors, yy . y applies to 2 048-byte sectors. 5.2 Names The names of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, etc., are given with a capital initial. 6 List of acronyms ALPC AM CRC DDS DMA DMP ECC EDAC ID LBA LSB MO MSB ODC PA PDL PEP RLL R-S R/W R-S/LDC Auto Laser Power Control Address Mark Cyclic Redundancy Code Disk Definition Structure Defect Management Area Defect Management Pointers Error Correction Code Error Detection And Correction Identifier Logical Block Address Least Significant Byte Magneto-Optical Most Significant Byte Optical Disk Cartridge Postamble Primary Defect List Phase-Encoded Part of the Control Tracks Run Length Limited (code) Reed-Solomon (code) Rewritable Reed-Solomon Long Distance Code
- 5 - SCSI SDL SFP SM SWF TA TIA VFO WO ZCAV 7 Small Computer System Interface Secondary Defect List Standard Formatted Part of the Control Tracks Sector Mark Sector Written Flag Transition Area Time Interval Analyzer Variable Frequency Oscillator Write Once Zoned Constant Angular Velocity General description of the optical disk cartridge The optical disk cartridge which is the subject of this ECMA Standard consists of a case containing an optical disk. The case is a protective enclosure for the disk. It has access windows covered by a shutter. The windows are automatically uncovered by the drive when the cartridge is inserted into it. The optical disk consists of two sides assembled together with their recording layers on the inside. The optical disk may be recordable on both sides. Data can be written onto the disk as marks in the form of magnetic domains in the recording layer and can be erased from it with a focused optical beam, using the thermo-magnetic effect. The data can be read with a focused optical beam, using the magneto-optical effect. The beam accesses the recording layer through the transparent substrate of the disk. Part of the disk contains read-only data in the form of pre-embossed pits. This data can be read using the diffraction of the optical beam by the embossed pits. The entire disk may be used for write once recording of data using the thermo-magnetic effect. This data can be read using the magneto-optic effect. 8 General requirements 8.1 8.1.1 Environments Te s t e n v ir o n m e n t The test environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the following properties: temperature : 23 C 2 C relative humidity : 45 % to 55 % atmospheric pressure : 60 kPa to 106 kPa air cleanliness : Class 100 000 (see annex A) No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. Before testing, the optical disk cartridge shall be conditioned in this environment for 48 hours minimum. It is recommended that, before testing, the entrance surface of the disk be cleaned according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the disk. Unless otherwise stated, all tests and measurements shall be made in this test environment. 8.1.2 O p e r a t in g e n v ir o n m e n t This ECMA Standard requires that an optical disk cartridge which meets all requirements of this Standard in the specified test environment provides data interchange over the specified ranges of environmental parameters in the operating environment. ( See also annex R.) The operating environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the following properties: temperature : 5 C to 55 C relative humidity : 3 % to 85 % absolute humidity : 1 g/m3 to 30 g/m3 atmospheric pressure : 60 kPa to 106 kPa
- 6 - temperature gradient : 10 C/h max. relative humidity gradient : 10 %/h max. air cleanliness : office environment (see also annex R.1) magnetic field strength at the recording layer for any condition under which a beam is in focus : 32 000 A/m max. (see also annex R.2) magnetic field strength at the recording layer during any other condition : 48 000 A/m max. No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. If an optical disk cartridge has been exposed to conditions outside those specified in this clause, it shall be acclimatized in an allowed operating environment for at least 2 hours before use. (See also annex S). 8.1.3 S t o r a g e e n v ir o n m e n t The optical disk cartridge without any protective enclosure shall not be stored in an environment outside the range allowed for storage. The storage environment is defined as an environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the following properties: temperature : -10 C to 55 C relative humidity : 3 % to 90 % absolute humidity : 1 g/m3 to 30 g/m3 atmospheric pressure : 60 kPa to 106 kPa temperature gradient : 15 C/h max. relative humidity gradient : 10 %/h max. air cleanliness : Office environment (see also annex R.1) magnetic field strength at the recording layer : 48 000 A/m max. No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. 8.1.4 8.2 Tr a n s p o r t a t io n This ECMA Standard does not specify requirements for transportation; guidance is given in annex T. Temperature shock The optical disk cartridge shall withstand a temperature shock of up to 20 C when inserted into, or removed from, the drive. 8.3 Safety requirements The cartridge shall satisfy the safety requirements of Standard ECMA-287, when used in the intended manner or in any foreseeable use in an information processing system. 8.4 Flammability The cartridge and its components shall be made from materials that comply with the flammability class for HB materials, or better, as specified in Standard ECMA-287. 9 Reference Drive The Reference Drive is a drive several critical components of which have well defined properties and which is used to test the write, read and erase parameters of the disk for conformance to this ECMA Standard. The critical components vary from test to test. This clause gives an outline of all components; components critical for tests in specific clauses are specified in those clauses. 9.1 Optical system The basic set-up of the optical system of the Reference Drive used for measuring the write, read and erase parameters is shown in figure 1. Different components and locations of components are permitted, provided that the performance remains the same as that of the set-up in figure 1. The optical system shall be such that the detected light reflected from the entrance surface of the disk is minimized so as not to influence the accuracy of the measurements.
- 7 - I1 I2 K3 Ch.2 K2 L2 M J Ch.1 K1 L1 N H C A D E F G B 95-0041-A A Laser diode B Collimator lens C Optional shaping prism G H I1, I2 Optical disk Optional half-wave plate Ch.1 Channel 1 Ch.2 Channel 2 J K1 , K 2 Tracking signals from photodiode K3 Polarizing beam splitter Photodiodes for Channels 1 and 2 D Beam splitter K3 Split photodiode E Polarizing beam splitter L1, L2 d.c.-coupled amplifiers F Objective lens M Tracking Channel (see 20.3) N Phase retarder Figure 1 - Optical system of the Reference Drive In the absence of polarization changes in the disk, the polarizing beam splitter J shall be aligned to make the signal of detector K1 equal to that of detector K2. The direction of polarization in this case is called the neutral direction. The phase retarder N shall be adjusted such that the optical system does not have more tha
ECMA-184 (1992) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 1,3 Gbytes (ISO/IEC 13549) ECMA-195 (1995) Data Interchange on 130 mm Optical Disk Cartridges - Capacity 2 Gbytes . 9 Reference Drive 6 9.1 Optical system 6 9.2 Optical beam 8 9.3 Read channels 8 9.4 Tracking 8 9.5 Rotation of the disk 8 Section .
2 15 ' 1 2 15 ' 2 15 ' notes: mainline 1 typ. lighting limits interchange 215' lighting limits interchange lighting limits interchange lighting limits interchange lighting limits interchange 3. 2. 1. interchange lighting limits n.t.s. reports indicates. of what that the lighting justification the mainline will be illuminated regardless
2. Diamond interchange: Diamond interchange is a popular form of four-leg interchange found in the urban locations where major and minor roads crosses. The important feature of this interchange is that it can be designed even if the major road is relatively narrow. A typical layout of diamond interchange is shown in figure. Diamond interchange 3.
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diverse computer systems has exacerbated the data interchange problems. To date, most of the attempts to minimize the interchange problem revolve around the establishment of standard formats. Individual disciplines and projects have solved their data interchange problems by defining formats specialized to the applications.
Technical changes from the OMF Interchange Specification Version 2.0 are marked with change bars. For More Information This section tells where you can get more information about OMF Interchange and OMF software. There is a form at the end of this document that describes how you can register as an OMF Interchange Sponsor, Partner, or Champion.
April 1998 Version 4.0 1 ANSI ASC X12 Basis: 4010 130 Student Educational Record (Transcript) Functional Group ED This Draft Standard for Trial Use contains the format and establishes the data contents of a Student Educational Record (Transcript) Transaction Set (130) for use within the context of an Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) environment.
High-Level Summary of Business Changes ECB-UNRESTRICTED . Version: 0.7 Page 10 of 19 Date: 22/06/2017 . The advantage of this model is the wide range of flexibility that it offers to cover the different needs of the participants. It allows credit institutions with no direct access to settlement services to manage their minimum reserve obligations with their Central Bank from one Main Cash .
