Design Project #1 Replacement Of Vehicle Bridge Over .
Design Project #1Replacement of Vehicle Bridge over Spring CreekCentre County, PAIntroduction to Engineering DesignEDSGN 100 Section 002The Team 6Team 6Louise ShafferBobby DeanJarod StanfieldBryan KavanaghInsert Your Design Team Photo hereInsert Your Bridge Photo herePresented to:Prof. BerezniakSpring 2018
Statement of the ProblemA 100- year flood event caused the disastrous failure of a bridge over Spring Creek.This bridge was located on Puddintown Road in College Township, Centre County,PA (PennDOT Engineering District 2-0). The bridge was important since it providedthe fast way for first responders to get to Mount Nittany Medical Center, and nowthe faster route is ten miles. Without this bridge it puts the safety of the residentsin the area at risk.2
Project ObjectivePennDOT Engineering District fast tracked the design and construction of a newvehicle bridge over Spring Creek.3
Required Design CriteriaThe bridge deck must span 40 meters and be elevated 20 meters from the groundbelow. Some requirements are, there must be no piers and standard abundmentsas well as being made with medium strength concrete which is .23 meters thick. Theconcrete should have no cable anchorage. The bridge should be able to hold twoAASHTO H20-44 trucks with one in each lane.4
The Technical Approach Phase 1: Economic EfficiencyEconomic efficiency, also known as the cost, was determined using the EngineeringEncounters Bridge Design 2016 (EEBD 2016) software. We designed the bridgebased on the requirements, constraints, and performance criteria specified herein.The overall objective was to use EEBD 2016 to design a Warren and Howe throughtruss bridge that met the standards and requirements of efficiency. The cost of eachbridge must be as low as possible and between 150,000 and 250,000 to ensurethat the replacement bridge can safely support its own weight and the weight of astandard truck.5
The Technical Approach Phase 2: Structural EfficiencyEach design team will make one Warren through truss bridge and oneHowe through truss bridge. Each prototype bridge shall be load tested in the labuntil it fails. The best bridge will be determined by structural efficiency. Structuralefficiency is the ability of the truss bridge to safely dissipate live loads. It iscalculated by dividing the load the bridge supports at catastrophic failure by theweight of the prototype bridge.The bridges are designed using standard popsicle sticks and Elmer’s whiteglue. Hot glue may only be used to attach eight (8) struts/floor beams between thetwo adjacent truss sections. Each prototype bridge shall have a maximum of sixty(60) popsicle sticks, with approximate final bridge dimensions of 13.5 inches inlength, 4 inches in height and 4.5 inches in width.The load failure will be determined by test loading the top cord of the trusswith a loading block attached to a dead load suspended from the block. A designmember will keep adding weights until failure. All prototype bridges shall also beaccurately weighed and measured prior to load testing and recorded. The load atfailure of the prototype bridge shall also be accurately measured and recorded.After loading and bridge failure, each team must perform a forensic engineeringinvestigation to determine the cause of bridge failure. It must include why it failed,howit failed, and where it failed.6
The Results Phase 1: Economic EfficiencyDesigning both bridges consisted of trial and error. A tube was used in places ofhigh compression and a solid bar was used in place of high tension. The Howethrough truss bridge used carbon steel because it was the cheapest. The total costof designing the Howe bridge 212,288.76. Moreover, the Warren through trussbridge also used carbon steel for its design. The total cost of the Warren bridgewas 218,650.98. Both bridges used the smallest thickness bar to optimize thecost yet still have stability and structure.7
The Results Phase 2: Structural EfficiencyThe structural efficiencies of the bridges were not close. The Warrenthrough truss bridge had a structural efficiency of 380 and the Howethrough truss bridge had a structural efficiency of 243. This was becausethe Warren truss bridge can be reinforced multiple times due to the lowernumber of popsicles used in spanning the length of one side. The multiplereinforcements can better support the bridge and therefore increase itsstructural efficiency, whereas the Howe bridge has to use more popsiclesto span the length of it therefore having less reinforcement and loweringthe structural efficiency.8
The Best SolutionThe best solution for this scenario is the Warren truss bridge. Thissolution was determined by looking at which bridge had the most optimaleconomic efficiency, structural efficiency, design efficiency, and theconstructability. Economically the Howe bridge was more efficient since it was cheaper. Structurally the Warren bridge was more efficient because it had a structuralefficiency of 328 Design the Warren Bridge was the most efficient because it had the lowernumber which was 575.4 Constructability the Howe was easier to construct since it was cheaper9
Our ConclusionsThe objective was to create a bridge that was economically andstructurally efficient. Then to create a prototype out of sixty popsicle sticks.We met the project objectives by creating a Howe and Warren bridge thatwould be capable of going over Spring Creek.After analyzing the efficiencies of the two bridges we recommend thata Warren Through Truss Bridge be used to replace the destroyed bridgebecause it excels in Structural Efficiency and Design Efficiency. The bridge onlycosts about 8,000 more than the Howe but makes up for that deficiency in itsDesign and Structural Efficiency.10
Our RecommendationsWe recommend that another test bridge is made but that a different material isused and a better bonding material is used because when the Warren bridge failed;it failed at a joint on the bottom chord due to a glue failure. The area of jointconnections and bonding techniques need to be investigated in detail becausethose are what caused the bridge to fail.11
In ClosingThe Warren bridge would be the most optimal bridge for the problem at SpringCreek.
The overall objective was to use EEBD 2016 to design a Warren and Howe through truss bridge that met the standards and requirements of efficiency. The cost of each bridge must be as low as possible and between 150,000 and 250,000 to ensure that the replacement bridge can safely sup
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