Less Emission, Lower Cost. Rexroth Hydrostatic Fan Drives
Less Emission, Lower Cost.Rexroth Hydrostatic Fan DrivesRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 112/14/11 3:08 PM
2Statutory Defaults Less EmissionOptimum combustion temperaturefor a cleaner environmentThe emission standards for commercial vehicles have been tightened worldwide andmandatory emission limits established. One thing necessary for achieving these values isan optimal combustion temperature for the engine, which in turn requires efficient coolingmanagement. Required cooling capacity may increase by 15 to 40 percent related to thechange-over to Euro 6 or TIER 4 final respectively. Moreover this results in about 20 percenthigher space requirement for the radiator. Rexroth hydrostatic fan drives compensate forthese changed conditions and play a significant role in modern engine systems.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 22/14/11 3:08 PM
Preview Tightening of the Limits Worldwide3 Existing (more stringent) regulationsin industrialized nations Stricter regulations expectedfor the next 5 years Stricter regulations expectedfor the next 10 yearsNew emission legislation:Hydrostatic fan drives play an important roleIn order to meet today’s exhaust and emission limits vehiclemanufacturers are responding with alternative drive technologies which are operated in an ever narrowing temperature range and work using the maximum torque even at thelowest engine speeds.Contributing to this are, above all, emissions-optimizeddiesel engines with particle filters and exhaust gas treat-c The world is closer together in terms ofenvironmental protectionLegislations and directives governing the emission of pollutantsfrom diesel engines are in force in many industrialized nations:Such as for carbon monoxide and dioxides, for sulfur and nitrogenoxides, for dust and soot. Further tightening of the limits iseither concluded or already in planning. For example Euro 6 foron-highway vehicles and TIER 4 final for off-highway vehicles.Experts anticipate that similar regulations and standards willbe globally enforced with some delay. Thus the world will movecloser together in terms of environmental protection.ment systems. Alternative fuels such as CNG, LPG or Ethanol as well as alternative drive concepts like fuel cell technology, hydrogen fueled engines or hybrids are some otheroptions. But in any case the demand on the fan system toprovide the required cooling capacity for the modern driveFor engine manufacturers, the challenge in meeting the standardsis to reduce peak combustion temperatures, while further reducing the particle content of the exhaust gas. Rexroth hydrostaticfan drives make sure that the combustion process takes place atthe optimum temperature – at all times.technologies remains unaffected. And of course it needs tobe as efficient and space-saving as possible. Both requirements are met using a modern controlled hydrostatic fandrive system with a variable axial pump.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 32/14/11 3:08 PM
4The Future Hydrostatic Fan DrivesThe future of air movement lieswith Rexroth hydrostatic fan drivesThe task of a hydrostatic fan drive is to use controlled air movement to carry off the dissipated heat from the combustion engine arriving at the radiator. Here the drive serves toensure optimal engine and combustion temperature. Intelligently controlled fan drivesystems thereby help to maintain the legal emissions directives while saving energy. How?Controlled by highly developed sensors, they provide cooling based on the measuredtemperature to consistently reduce operating costs. No more or less cooling than needed– regardless of whether in on- or off-highway applications.From sensors and controllers to pumps and motors, Rexroth offers the right fan concept for a wide variety of applications.Axial-piston motorExternal gearpumpPlastic tankAxial-piston pumpBODASdiagnosis softwareExternal gearmotorReversing valveRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 4BODASapplicationsoftwareThermal pressurevalveValve 1 3:08 PM
Hydrostatic Fan Drives Benefits5The benefits of hydrostatic fan drivesat a glanceEnvironmentf Meeting exhaust gas directives (Euro 4/5/6, TIER 4, US10,Stage IV.)f Reduction in fuel consumptionf Reduced pollutant and noise emissionCostsf Clear reduction in operating costs by up to 5 percentf Long-lasting Rexroth componentsf Higher efficiency compared with other fan drive technologiesRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 5ffffffFunctionSteplessy variable fan speed independent on the engine speedHigh fan power at low engine speedsOption for reverse fan function and standstillFlexible component layoutRadiator assembly can be splitSpace savingEnergyf Cooling on demand for reduced fuel consumptionf Additional fuel savings with fan stop option2/14/11 3:08 PM
6Hydrostatic Fan Drives ApplicationsRexroth hydrostatic fan drivesbring a breath of fresh air to everyindustryRexroth hydrostatic fan drives are usedin a wide variety of applications – fromagricultural and forestry equipment toconstruction machines and buses.c Blowing the air the other way: The reversing operationTemperatures are just one problem. The second problem is dust anddirt, which deposits itself inside the radiator, especially in the caseof construction and agricultural machines. To prevent the coolingperformance from deteriorating, engineers have come up with a smartsolution – the reversing operation. The fan rotor direction of rotationchanges at different intervals, so that air is blown in the oppositedirection, carrying the dirt outside. The advantage of the reversingoperation is obvious. The radiator remains unobstructed and theengine operates at ideal engine and combustion temperatures.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 62/14/11 3:08 PM
7e There are times when a fan is not needed:The standstill optionWith the optional standstill feature, the fan rotor is completelyshut down during the start-up phase or when ambient temperatures are very low. Thus the internal combustion engine reachesits operating temperature faster and the exhaust gas pollutantsare optimally reduced. Moreover, the consumption-optimizedstandstill feature permits fuel savings of up to 1 percent compared to conventional fan standstill solutions.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 72/14/11 3:09 PM
8Fan System Comparison Hydrostatic Fan DriveClear advantagefor a hydrostaticfan driveHydrostatic fan driveToday’s combustion engines with theirpower and torque characteristics demandhigh cooling power even at low enginespeeds. The tightened exhaust standards(Euro 6, US10, TIER 4 and Stage IV) alsoresult in an increase in the space requirement for the radiator and fan by up to15 percent. To offset this, a flexible arrangement of the radiator with respect to theengine is needed. By separating the combustion engine from the radiator, previouslyunused areas can now be optimally utilized.Fan speed [RPM]2,0001,5001,000500050001,0001,5002,000Engine speed [RPM]c Hydrostatic fan drivef Fan speed decoupled from the engine speedf Stepless (proportional) control of the fan speedf Additional fan power at low diesel engine speedf “Cooling on demand“f Fuel savings of up to 5 percentf Reduced noise levelsf Flexible layout of the system componentsf Options for fan stop, reverse and splitting the radiatormoduleRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 82/14/11 3:09 PM
9Electromagnetic clutch2,0002,0001,5001,500Fan speed [RPM]Fan speed [RPM]Mechanical drive1,0005001,00050005001,0001,500Engine speed [RPM]c Mechanical drivef Fan speed directly dependent on engine speedf Limited cooling power at low engine speedsf Fixed arrangement of the radiator modulef Sub-optimal noise levelsf Cost-effective solution for low-cost countriesRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 92,00005001,00010001,5001 5002,0002 0000Engine speed [RPM]c Electromagnetic clutchf Fan speed variable in three stepsf Limited fan output at low engine speedsf Fixed arrangement of the radiator modulef Sub-optimal noise levelsf Cost-effective solution for low-cost countries2/14/11 3:09 PM
10Controlled Air Movement Saves Energy and CostHydrostatic fan drives:Controlled air movement paysCooling is always a technical challenge, since energy needs to be expended for alreadyconsumed energy in order to keep the engine and combustion temperature at theproper level. This is accomplished by efficiently dissipating the heat loss, which unfortunately always involves energy consumption and cost. Hydrostatic fan drives enablethis expenditure to be precisely metered, since the fan output automatically variesexactly according to the measured temperatures. Compared with a mechanical fandrive system this saves up to 5 percent in fuel!RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 102/14/11 3:09 PM
11Continuously variable fan power – independent of engine speedThere is a sensible way of saving energy: Using only the amount ofenergy that is needed to achieve a desired condition. This calls, firstand foremost, for flexibility. That is why Rexroth hydrostatic fan drivesprovide variable power continuously, depending on how much coolingis desired at any given time. The temperature is kept constant independently of the engine speed. Sensors measure the temperaturesand control the fan performance.Fan diagram250Pressure p [bar]200This guarantees that the hydrostatic fan drives consume only theamount of energy that is actually required. This reduces the impacton the environment and saves operating costs compared to conventional fan systems.15010075808590Coolant temperature [ C]9501,0002,000Fan speed n [RPM]Flexible equipment assembly – more latitude inengine developmentThere is a limit to development in engine technology: the enginecompartment. Rexroth hydrostatic fan drives give design engineersgreat latitude – within the bounds of the space available – in arranging the fan system and all its components. Hydraulic pumps, tubes,controllers and the radiator can simply be put where there is freespace – the available space is efficiently utilized. This flexibility is amajor advantage compared to direct drives using belts or drive shafts.For example, a roof cooling system of the type planned and already inuse on modern buses is thus only possible together with a hydrostaticfan drive.Thanks to this latitude, design and development engineers can focusall their attention on what is really essential: the engine and itsperformance.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 112/14/11 3:09 PM
12Hydrostatic Fan Drives VariantsRexroth hydrostatic fan drivescome in 2 x 2 variantsRexroth hydrostatic fan drives are available in four different variants. For one, the fan drivecan be hydraulically or electrically controlled. For another thing, the fan can be driven by afixed or variable system. Which hydrostatic fan drive variant is the right one for you dependslargely on how many operating temperatures need to be monitored and controlled – and onthe engine power, of course. In any case, we can guarantee: The design and developmentengineers of Rexroth will support you in making the right choice from the outset of yourproject.The first choice to be made:Hydro-mechanically or electro-hydraulically controlled fan drive?The second choice to be made:Constant gear pump or variable axial-piston pump?The hydro-mechanical fan control system is used for relativelysimple systems, i. e. applications where one or two temperaturesat maximum need to be controlled. In modern vehicle technology,however, an increasing number of fluids and temperatures arecontrolled. This is necessary, for instance, where an exhaust gasrecirculation system is used or where the diesel engine chargingair needs to be cooled. To make sure that the different operatingtemperatures can be evaluated and weighted to guarantee correctfan operation, you need an electro-hydraulically controlled fandrive. The various signals are processed faster and more effi ciently, while the quality of the control process improves –entirely independently of the engine power.The fixed gear pump is used for small to medium fan drive powers(of up to approx. 15 kW). The constant gear pump and the constant gear motor featuring an integrated priority valve make surethat the pressure and flow necessary to remove the dissipatedheat are always available at the fan motor. The priority valve candirect any excess flow to other hydraulic consumers. This type ofhydraulically controlled fan drive saves between 10 and 20 percent energy compared to an uncontrolled fan drive system.The BODAS controller from Rexroth minimizes the computationalcomplexity involved in temperature evaluation. It can be connected to the CAN bus of the internal combustion engine, thusmaking additional temperature sensors superfluous.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 12Axial-piston pumps are often used for higher fan drive powers(from approx. 10 kW upwards). These variable pumps supply theexact amount of oil that is needed for the desired fan speed. Thismeans that the pump output is constantly adapted to match therequired fan power. This reduces fuel consumption by up to 5percent. One more advantage: With this system the oil coolerscan be up to 70 percent smaller compared to a constant pumpsystem.2/14/11 3:09 PM
13Hydrostatic fan drivesHydro-mechanical control systemElektro-hydraulical control systemFixed systemVariable systemFixed systemVariable systemf External gear pumpf External gear motorf Thermal pressure valvef Priority valvef Hydraulic tankf External gear pumpf External gear motorf Thermal pressure valvef Hydraulic tankf External gear pumpf External gear motorf Electronics/sensorsf Electronic pressure-relief valvef Hydraulic tankf Axial-piston pumpf Axial-piston motorf Electronicsf Temperature sensorsf Hydraulic tankf Can be used independently ofthe drive train (diesel engine,gas engine, fuel cell, etc.)f Radiator is freely arrangeablef Stepless fan speed control(independent of internalcombustion engine speed)f Low-weight pump and motorf Short overall pump lengthf Noise-optimized ‘Silence Plus’gear pumpf Low acquisition costf Can be used independently ofthe drive train (diesel engine,gas engine, fuel cell, etc.)f Radiator is freely arrangeablef Stepless fan speed control(independent of internalcombustion engine speed)f Long service lifef Pump adapts itself to therequired fan power (up to 5 %fuel savings compared to a fixedpump system)f 50 to 70 % smaller oil cooler(compared to a fixed pumpsystem)f Can be used independently ofthe drive train (diesel engine, gasengine, fuel cell, etc.)f Radiator is freely arrangeablef Stepless fan speed control(independent of internalcombustion engine speed)f Low-weight pump and motorf Short overall pump lengthf Noise-optimized ‘Silence Plus’gear pumpf Low acquisition costf Several operating parameters aremeasured and weighted (whichis relevant to compliance withemission levels)f CAN bus connectionf Can be used independently ofthe drive train (diesel engine,gas engine, fuel cell, etc.)f Radiator is freely arrangeablef Stepless fan speed control(independent of internalcombustion engine speed)f Long service lifef Pump adapts itself to the requiredfan power (up to 5 % fuel savingscompared to a fixed pump system)f 50 to 70 % smaller oil cooler(compared to a fixed pumpsystem)f Additional fuel savings can beobtained with the optional fanstandstill featuref Several operating parametersare measured and weighted(which is relevant to compliancewith emission levels)f CAN bus connectionRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 132/14/11 3:09 PM
14Fan Drive Comparison Constant Pump – Variable PumpHydrostatic fan drives with a variablepump: Less energy consumption andthus less emissionThe comparison between a fan drivefeaturing a fixed pump and a system witha variable pump shows, in the case of acity bus: Fan drives with variable pumpsconsume less energy and thus reduceoperating costs in the long term.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 142/14/11 3:09 PM
Application Example City BusApplication example:City bus fan15Key dataMaximum fan power:Lowest diesel engine speed, at which themaximum fan speed must be available:Selected motor size:Selected pump size:Maximum pressure level of the system:Gear ratio i:12 kW1.400 RPM14 cm328 cm3240 bar1Design considerations4.000The motor size results fromthe maximum system pressurelevel and the fan power atmaximum fan speed. Theselection of the pump size ismade based on the lowestdiesel engine speed, at whichthe maximum fan speed mustbe available. Point is alsothe decisive factor in choosing between a constant anda variable pump. The fartherto the left design point islocated in the speed diagram,the higher the throttling losswith a fixed system. In linewith this, the design pointsfor the oil cooler for thevariable system and for thefixed system will changeas well.Fan speed [RPM]3.5003.000Throttling losswith constant pump2.500III2.0001.500III1.000Fan operating rangeIV50005001.0001.5002.000Diesel engine speed [RPM]Operating cycleEngine speedFan speedDuty cycleI1.400 RPM2.400 RPM3%Operating point II2.100 RPM2.400 RPM2%Operating point III1.500 RPM1.500 RPM65 %Operating point IV600 RPM600 RPM30 %Operating pointEnergy balance (application example)Total power requirement(related to cycle)Power savings(related to cycle)Required oil coolerat design pontMax.Flow rateRequired tubingdiameterRequired hydraulicoil tankConstant pump5,9 kW0 kW13,2 kW 55,8 l/min100 %100 %Variable pump3,5 kW2,4 kW5,1 kW 35,5 l/min80 %65 %Recapitulation: The variable pump with integrated fan standstill function permits fan operation energy costs to be significantly reduced.Thus the higher initial cost of this system will be quickly recovered. Rexroth hydrostatic fan drives with variable pumps save up to 5 percent infuel costs on a long-term basis.** The energy savings shown are dependent on the system design and may be higher or lower in actual operation.RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 152/14/11 3:09 PM
16Hydrostatic Fan Drive System ComponentsMany components make upa system solution:The Rexroth hydrostatic fan driveA fan drive system from Rexroth is made up mainly of proven standardcomponents, supplemented with fan-specific special solutions and customcontrol software. As a result all the parts are in perfect harmony and canbe matched to any requirements of the overall system.Axial-piston pumpExternal gear pumpAZPF-22-004 028AZPN-22-020 036AZPG-22-022 056Technical data sheetsRE 10 089, RE 10 091,RE 10 093AZPS-22-004 028Technical data sheetRE 10 095A10VO 28 85 ED/52A10VO 28 85 DRG/52Technical data sheetRE 92 703A10VSO 10 ED/52A10VSO 10 DRG/52Technical data sheetRE 92 713Axial-piston pumpExternal gear pump Silence PlusAZPJ-22-012 028Technical data sheetRE 98 243A10VO 28 140 ED/31A10VO 28 140 DRG/31Technical data sheetRE 92 701A10VSO 18 ED/31A10VSO 18 DRG/31Technical data sheetRE 92 712External gear motorAxial-piston pumpA11V(L)O 190 260/11Technical data sheetRE 92 500AZMF-22-008 022Technical data sheetRE 14 026Option:integrated DSM speed sensorTechnical data sheetRE 95 132RA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 162/14/11 3:09 PM
17Axial-piston motorPlastic tankTMPTechnical data sheetRE 95 721A10FM/E 10 63/52Technical data sheetRE 91 172Option:integrated DSM speed sensorTechnical data sheetRE 95 132Axial-piston motorBODAS temperature sensorsTSA for air,TSF for fluids respectivelyTechnical data sheetsRE 95 180RE 95 181A2FM 5 1000/6Technical data sheetRE 91 001Option:integrated DSM speed sensorTechnical data sheetRE 95 132Reversing valveBODAS controllerLF1 / LF2Technical data sheetRE 18 305-04Thermal pressure valveRC2-2Technical data sheetsRE 95 201RE 95 202RE 95 203BODAS application softwareAFCTechnical data sheetRE 95 360MHDBDTTechnical data sheetRE 64 309BODAS PC diagnosis toolValve moduleTechnical data sheetUpon requestRA98065 2010-09 sp.indd 17Technical data sheetRE 95 0862/14/11 3:09 PM
18Hydrostatic Fan Drive Individual Layout and All-round ServiceLaying out your hydrostatic fan drive:in good hands at RexrothSystem solutions from Rexroth:perfectly matched fan componentsFuture requirements for vehicles and machines can besummed up as follows: more powerful,
4 The Future Hydrostatic Fan Drives The future of air movement lies with Rexroth hydrostatic fan drives From sensors and controllers to pumps and motors, Rexroth offers the right fan concept for a wide variety of applications. Axial-piston motor External gear pump Plastic tank Axial-piston
Rexroth IndraDrive Integrated Safety Technology as of MPx-1x (Safe Motion) Application Manual DOK-INDRV*-SI3*SMO-VRS-APxx-EN-P 338920 Rexroth IndraDrive Rexroth IndraMotion MLD (2G) Libraries as of MPx-18 Reference Book DOK-INDRV*-MLD-SYSLIB3-RExx-EN-P 338916 Rexroth IndraDrive 2)Rexroth IndraMotion MLD (2G) as of MPx-18
Rexroth IndraDrive Drive Controllers Power Sections HCS01 Bosch Rexroth AG I/25 Table of Contents Bosch Rexroth AG DOK-INDRV*-HCS01*UL***-IB06-EN-P Rexroth IndraDrive Drive Controllers Power Sections HCS01 II/25 1 Important Notes
Rexroth IndraDrive Rexroth IndraMotion MLD (2G) as of MPx-18 Application Manual Edition 02 R911338914 LSA Control S.L. www.lsa-control.com comercial@lsa-control.com ( 34) 960 62 43 01 . Rexroth IndraDrive Rexroth IndraMotion MLD (2G) as of MPx-18 Application Manual DOK-INDRV*-MLD3-**VRS*-AP02-EN-P
Rexroth IndraDrive Drive Controllers Control Sections Project Planning Manual DOK-INDRV*-CSH*****-PRxx-EN-P Rexroth IndraDrive M Drive Controllers Power Sections Project Planning Manual DOK-INDRV*-HMS HMD****-PRxx-EN-P Rexroth IndraDrive C Drive Controllers Power Sections HCS02.1 Project Planning Manual DOK-
Rexroth IndraDrive M Drive Controllers Power Sections HMx Project Planning Manual DOK-INDRV*-HMS HMD****-PRxx-EN-P Rexroth IndraDrive C Drive Controllers Power Sections HCS02.1 Project Planning Manual DOK-INDRV*-HCS02.1****-PRxx-EN-P Rexroth IndraDrive C Drive Controllers Power Sectio
Bosch Rexroth Bosch Rexroth Korea Ltd. Bosch Rexroth (India) Limited Shanghai Bosch Rexroth Hydraulics & Automation Ltd. 5-1 Higashi-Nakanuki-machi 29 Mieum Sandan 1Ro Gangseo-gu 18/4 -19/4 - Hadapsar Industrial Estate 333 Fuquan (N.) Road Tsuchiura Busan-si Pune Shanghai 300-8588 618-260 411 013 200335 Ibaraki - Maharashtra Shanghai Korea .
Bosch Rexroth AG ServoDyn D 1070066030 / 06 Rexroth ServoDyn D Connectivity Manual Mounting guidelines DOK-SERV*D-IF*MANUAL**-MA06-EN-P The present manual provides information on the installation of the ServoDyn D drive modules. Description Release Date Notes DOK-SERV*D-IF*MANUAL**-MA06-EN-P 08.2004 E Bosch Rexroth AG, 1995 Π2004
Am I My Brother's Keeper? On Personal Identity and Responsibility Simon Beck Abstract The psychological continuity theory of personal identity has recently been accused of not meeting what is claimed to be a fundamental requirement on theories of identity - to explain personal moral responsibility. Although they often have much to say about responsibility, the charge is that they cannot say .
