Smart Grid Interoperability Use Cases For Electricity .
CIM Users Group23rd October 2012, New OrleansSmart Grid Interoperability Use Casesfor Electricity Storage Modeling withinthe IEC Common Information ModelNigel Hargreaves1
Overview – 2 parts Potential future smart grid operational vision Use cases & EES characterisation Current IEC 61970-301 energy storagearchitecture Proposed CIM energy storage model extension Energy security Conclusions & Further work2
Two themes to consider Does the emerging reality of ‘non-pumped’,grid-scale electrical energy storage nowwarrant CIM extension? Is storage modeling another reason for CIMdomain extension to further address thehydrocarbon domain?3
Operating future smart on streamswith range ectorsNetworksMarket priceSecurity0123424Time ahead (hr)4
nalenvelopeInfluenceof storageDemandBalancing Operational RangeStorage in future balancing operationsActualdemand 1Time past (mins)0Operatingposition123430Time ahead (mins)5
Principal technology characterisationEnergyCapacityMWh 20000Hours to DaysScheduled EnergyPumpedHydro 7000Minutes to Hours 200CAESScheduled PowerBatterySeconds to Minutes 0.1Fast response/Flywheel 0.1 30 300 2000Power capacity MW6
EES use cases - AncilliaryArbitrage ServicesRegulatingReserve100010hCommodity storage10Customer ble energy management11hDistribution areacontrol & frequencyresponseStorage timeStorage time (min)1001m0.1Power quality and W1s100ms100kW1MW10MW100MWStorage power requirements for power utility applicationsRef: ITM Power, Energy Storage Technologies7
Principal technology marketisation8
Grid-scale connections, present & futureHighview, Slough, UKLiquid air100kW, 300kWh20MW, 100MWh plannedS&C Power System ServicesBlufton, OhioNaS battery, 2MW, 12 MWhRubenius, MexicaliLi-ion battery1GW, 4GWh?AES/PJM Laurel MountainWest VirginiaLi-ion battery – 32MWBeacon PowerAnnouncedStephentown, NY, July 21, 201120MWIsentropic, WPD, UKPHES1.5MW, 6MWh9
Energy storage systems take awaysRosario Carbone, 2011 – Energy Storage in the Emerging Era of Smart Grids ESS are essential to higher levels of variable energy integration The renewable energy mix drives the type and capacity of reversible storage Increasing amounts of renewables and storage require coordinated operation Large hydro schemes can reduce the need for other reversible storage solutionsImperial College, London, 2012 – Strategic Assessment of ESS in the UK Potential system savings increase as system decarbonises Can reduce generation investment cost Can offset the need for interconnection and transmission investment Distributed storage can reduce the need for distribution network reinforcement10
Drivers for new storage model Decarbonisation & Energy Security Scheduled energy (despatchable generation,outage support) Regulating reserve (voltage and frequencycontrol, power quality) Arbitrage (load-shifting, demand support) Stockpile and reserve modeling11
Current IEC 61970 architectureIEC61970CIMVersion date :Date [0.1] 2011-08-10 {readOnly}version :String [0.1] IEC61970CIM15v32 {readOnly}Energy onDynamicsProposed storagemodel contained in“Energy Storage”packageProduction(from Generation)(from Generation)Wi r esEquivalentsSCADACurrent storagemodel contained in“Production” packageControlAreaOperationalLimitsTopologyMeas- Only addressespumped hydro and airSt a t eV ar ia Layout12
Current IEC 61970 storage architectureCIM15v33CAESPumped hydro13
Current & proposed ES es as load and ES ExtensionOperates as load and storagetechnologies14
Proposed storage model compositionCore::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveAbstract class objectsESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves schargeSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1 ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnit ESGeneratingUnits 1.* ESChargingUnits1.*Production::GeneratingUnit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1 ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1EnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.10.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FuelStore 1.*Concrete class objects FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1FlywheelChargeCurve15
SchedulingCore::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves 0.*ESChargingSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1Energy dule ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnit ESGeneratingUnits 1.* ESChargingUnits1.*Production::GeneratingUnit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1 ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1EnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.10.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve FuelStore 1.*StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1Level schedulingFlywheelChargeCurve16
Operating cost curvesCore::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves schargeSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1 ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnitCharge ESGeneratingUnits 1.* nit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1 ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1EnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.10.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve FuelStore 1.*StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1FlywheelChargeCurve17
Operational mode characterisationCore::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves schargeSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1 ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnit ESGeneratingUnits 1.* ESChargingUnits1.*Production::GeneratingUnit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1 ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1ChargingEnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.1RegulatingGenerating0.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve FuelStore 1.*StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1FlywheelChargeCurve18
Power system resourcesCore::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves 0.*ESChargingSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1Bi-directional hedule ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnit ESGeneratingUnits 1.* ESChargingUnits1.*Production::GeneratingUnit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1 ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1EnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.10.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve FuelStore 1.*StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1FlywheelChargeCurveEquipment ‘container’19
TechnologiesCore::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves schargeSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1Equipment technology ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnit ESGeneratingUnits 1.* ESChargingUnits1.*Production::GeneratingUnit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1 ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1EnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.10.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FuelStore 1.*Technology curves FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1FlywheelChargeCurve20
Energy stores (security)Core::CurveCore::IdentifiedObject aliasName :String [0.1]mRID :String [0.1]name :String eduleESChargeOpCostCurveESDischargeOpCostCurve ESDischargeOpCostCurve 0.* ESChargeOpCostCurves schargeSchedule ESChargingSchedule 0.1 ESDischargeSchedule tingCondEq ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESChargingUnit 1 ESGeneratingUnit 1 ESRegulatingUnit0.1ESChargingUnit 111 ESGeneratingUnit ESChargingUnit ESGeneratingUnits 1.* ESChargingUnits1.*Production::GeneratingUnit ESPlant 0.1Production::FossilFuel ESPlant 1EnergyStoragePlant FossilFuel1 ESPlant 0.1ESLevelSchedule ESLevelSchedule0.1Fuel Store(depots, reserves, unrecovered) ESUnits 1.* ESUnit 1EnergyStorageUnit ESUnit ESUnits 0.10.1 ESUnits 0.11.* Batteries 1.*FlywheelBatteryType-BatteryTecnology :BatteryTechnology BatteryType 1 BatteryType 1 B atter yCha rgeC urve0.1 ryChargeCurve FuelStore Flywheels 1.*-FuelStoreSpinSpeed :RotationSpeed Flywheel 1 FlywheelDischargeCurve 0.1FlywheelDischargeCurve FuelStore 1.*StockPile :Volume Flywheel 1 FlywheelChargeCurve 0.1FlywheelChargeCurve21
New class extensions11 New ClassesFunctionEnergyStorageUnitEquipment container for different ES technologiesEnergyStoragePlantDetermines ES technology mode of gUnitModes of s scheduled ES use cases underRegularIntervalScheduleESLevelScheduleHelps determine the operational status of a given eCost curves provide data for ES operational optimisationsFuelStore StockPileAggregates stock-piled energy and fuel reserve resourcesSub-classes would also be required to identify and control ES technologies22
CIM scope as energy domain model? Why limit to decarbonisation use case? Energy security includes energy storage Energy resource model looks at reserves “FuelStore” class addresses fuel stockpiles Is this a ‘bridge’ to gas model extension?23
Conclusions & Further work ES model looks to smart grid energy modelingneeds Proposed extension supports class re-use Integrates with existing CIM architecture Determine attributes & enumeration classes Definition of use cases to IEC 62559 Harmonisation with other IEC standards &TCs (IEC 61427-2; new IEC EESS TC)24
Thank you for you attentionnigel.hargreaves@brunel.ac.uk25
TCs (IEC 61427-2; new IEC EESS TC) 25 Thank you for you attention nigel.hargreaves@brunel.ac.uk . Title: Slid
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